Win-win Strategy Research Articles

STRATEGI LOBI DAN NEGOSIASI DALAM MEMBINA HUBUNGAN BAIK KLIEN KSP CITRA ABADI

This study aims to find out more about lobbying and negotiation strategies in fostering good relations with clients at Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Citra Abadi (CA). This study uses descriptive qualitative analysis, using non-participant observation methods. Data collection was obtained by conducting field observations and interviews as well as data from various information sources. The results obtained prove that CA is successful in lobbying and negotiating with clients in order to obtain the necessary information. Before negotiating, the CA first makes observations relating to the client as an initial plan, develops a negotiation strategy, self-introductions, discusses proposals until the negotiations reach a mutual agreement as evidenced by the cooperation signing. The lobbying and negotiation strategies carried out make the messages and suggestions conveyed by the CA therefore they could bewell received and in line with the needs desired by the client. CA also applies a win-win solution negotiation strategy in overcoming problems therefore decisions or mutual agreements with clients could be realized and no party feels disadvantaged

Russia and the European Union in Post-Soviet Space: In Search of Cooperative Co-Existence (the Case of Armenia)

The article introduces the prospects of cooperative co-existence for Russia and the European Union in former Soviet republics within the current confrontation paradigm. It describes their foreign policies, strategies, and interests in the post-Soviet space. The author applied discourse and case-study analyses to the case of Armenia. The authentic idea of cooperative co-existence was projected on the relations between Russia and the European Union in post-Soviet countries. In Armenia, cooperative co-existence could be a win-win strategy, beneficial for all actors involved. The case of Armenia proved the possibility of a collaborative co-existence between Russia and the European Union in the post-Soviet space, the risk factors being the policies of small Caucasian states, the USA, China, and Turkey.

Artificial Noise Aided Secure NOMA Communications in STAR-RIS Networks

Combination of simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a win-win strategy which can significantly enhance the coverage performance. However, eavesdroppers may enjoy similar performance gains as the legitimate users. To solve this problem, an artificial noise (AN) assisted secure communication strategy is proposed to maximize the secrecy rate. An alternating optimization (AO) based iterative algorithm leveraging the classical successive convex approximation (SCA) and the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) techniques is proposed to derive the optimal AN model and the RIS parameters. It is found that the proposed algorithm provides better secrecy performance with less AN power compared with the benchmark schemes. More RIS elements help reducing the AN power, while this effect shrinks when the number of RIS elements is sufficiently large. Increasing the number of transmit antennas reduces the AN power if the eavesdropper is quite close to the transmitter, while improves it when the eavesdropper is far away.

The Debate Between Conventional Ideology and Ethnic Politics in Africa

Ethnic politics will continue to be a more significant challenge in the twenty-first century for a large number of African countries. Many scholars believe that creating ethnic-based political ideologies in the mainstream will make it more difficult for the masses to have representation. Ethnic politics could be an appealing tool for leaders seeking to preserve power through appeals to emotion and manipulation of resources, with no added value or rational debate. Political stability and democratic ideas are contingent on how African politicians respond to ethnic and language-based politics in the future. The challenge is finding a way to reconcile economic growth and well-being with entitlement politics. This article examines the rise of ethnic politics in Africa through the lens of six African countries. The article's question is how political, ideological polarisation can be avoided in Africa, and a win-win strategy to that end is being explored. The article also attempts to convey a comprehensive perspective on shaping political debates to understand the foundations of political elites and parties.

An exploration of off-campus private student housing in Praygaraj, India

PurposeBy using exploratory mixed methods, this study aims to present the investigation of the existing situation of private off-campus student accommodation at the University of Allahabad (UoA) in Prayagraj city.Design/methodology/approachThis study explored the geographical variability of student’s private rental housing in Prayagraj city of India through 721 responses from an online semi-structured questionnaire, together with 12 interviews. Moran’s I and LISA were used to determine spatial clustering of rents paid by male and female students.FindingsResults of this study reveal prevalence of unregulated with poor quality of off-campus housing in general and expensive rents in the proximity of UoA.Research limitations/implicationsObtaining less responses from the female students was one of the important limitations.Practical implicationsA win-win strategy might be formulated with a mix of innovative solutions inclusive of public private partnerships and social economy solutions woven with need-based rental housing, rekindled as the affordable rental housing complexes after COVID-19 pandemic.Social implicationsThis study is highly beneficial to improve liveability in the student housing segment.Originality/valueThis paper develops extensive understanding on the potential student housing segment in the Indian cities. Additionally, this paper demonstrates weak coordination between the central government policies, educational administrators and municipal officials.

Is it a win-win strategy? Examining the media discourse on toponymic commodification in China

ABSTRACT Toponymic commodification has generally been regarded as a win–win strategy by government-as-seller and corporation-as-buyer, resulting in its increasing global prevalence in recent decades. However, this paper interrogates this common sense by examining the media discourse on this commodification practice in China. 145 related newspaper articles published from 2002 to 2016 are analyzed. The results show that despite the claim that toponymic commodification is a win–win partnership for governments and corporations, most media outlets are concerned that citizens might passively assume the extra social burden and lose their right to the city, and they warn that toponymic commodification has the risk of devolving into a no-win game if citizens’ interests are not considered. Therefore, a win-win situation for both the seller and buyer should not be understood as a guaranteed outcome. This paper concludes by discussing its broader implications for understanding the limitations of neoliberal urbanism.

How to charge in servicizing: Per period or per use?

In a servicizing business model, the service provider sells a product’s functionality, not the product per se. This study aims to find the best profit-maximizing pricing strategies for this business model that can also yield the highest consumer welfare with minimal environmental impact. This approach identifies win-win-win strategies satisfying profit, planet, and people objectives. As providers charge consumers based on usage (pay-per-use) versus a regular flat fee (pay-per-period), the economic, environmental, and welfare implications of such strategies remain unclear. We tackle this problem using a stylized game-theoretic model where the service provider first designs the pricing schemes, and consumers react by adjusting use. When offering a single product, we observe that pay-per-use policies outperform pay-per-period when the service provider is cost-inefficient or small-scale. Also, where per-use consumers are not very sensitive to payment frequency, service providers tend to exclude low usage-valuation users. Outperformance also prevails when the proportion of low-use consumers is sufficiently low. Our results show that a win-win strategy can be achieved by offering a pay-per-use policy to high usage-valuation consumers, however, a win-win-win strategy is never possible. We also analyze the problem for a situation where the service provider offers a product line including green and regular products. Then, we characterize possible win-win-win strategies that hinge on environmental impact from different phases of a product’s lifecycle. We extend the models to allow SP i) influence the size of market segments and ii) decide on product greenness levels in different phases of its lifecycle.

IL-6 blockade in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint blockade: A win-win strategy.

Increasing the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy while mitigating toxicity is one of the major challenges in oncology research. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Hailemichael etal. provide a strong rationale for the combination of IL-6 blockade and dual inhibition of CTLA-4 and PD-1 to overcome this issue.

Economic Analysis of Logistics Network in the Context of Supply Chain Management

At present, the market economy system is constantly reforming and upgrading, and the market competition is becoming more and more intense, which also brings new challenges and opportunities for various industries. The application of supply chain management in logistics network can effectively create revenue for enterprises, optimize the sharing and joint utilization of their information resources. It is a scientific and advanced management mode in today's environment. So how to effectively maximize the benefits of supply chain management logistics network and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises, the following will be the background of supply chain management, logistics network economics of win-win strategy, risk and credit and other aspects of the specific analysis, the use of economic principles to explore the concept of enterprise logistics management, technology backwardness and other issues and put forward relevant strategies for reference.

Solvent-free preparation of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles from metallurgical iron sludge for the treatment of Cr(VI)-contaminated wastewater

Metallurgical iron sludge (MIS) is an industrial by-product that needs high value-added utilization without harmless to the environment. Here, α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were successfully prepared from MIS via a novel solvent-free method (SN-α-Fe2O3) and applied to Cr(VI) ions removal. Compared to conventional methods using pure reagents, the as-prepared SN-α-Fe2O3 aggregated into uniform cake-like mesoporous structures with a higher specific surface area (115.03 m2/g) and smaller crystal size (32.87 nm), thus providing a large number of active adsorption sites. Therefore, SN-α-Fe2O3 exhibited superior Cr(VI) removal performance (removal efficiency 98.21%) in Cr(VI)-contaminated wastewater compared to previous studies. Furthermore, Cr(VI)-saturated SN-α-Fe2O3 exhibited great stability under acidic conditions and maintained excellent adsorption performance after five cycles. The proposed SN-α-Fe2O3 preparation process forwent the use of water solvent or organic solvents, thus improving reactor efficiency and avoiding wastewater generation. Particularly, the growth mechanism of SN-α-Fe2O3 crystal followed the solid-phase transition mechanism, whereby small amounts of crystal water contained in pretreated MIS was sufficient for SN-α-Fe2O3 crystallization. Furthermore, SN-α-Fe2O3-mediated Cr(VI) adsorption was attributed to the electrostatic interaction and reduction of hydroxyl group on the surface of SN-α-Fe2O3. This study thus provides a win-win strategy for the conversion of industrial by-products into valuable nanoparticles for the cost-efficient treatment of heavy metal-polluted wastewater.

소규모학교와 지역사회 융합방안의 해외사례 분석과 시사점

The purpose of the study is to collect and analyze cases in the United States and Japan on the convergence of small schools and local communities, and to obtain implications for Korea In order to achieve the purpose, the relationship and convergence between small schools and local communities, and the cases of the United States and Japan were collected and analyzed. The results are as follows. First, in the case of the United States, the local manpower pool was actively used and parents’ school education support was also active. In particular, by encouraging students to actively and voluntarily participate in the school education program, parents made efforts to support their children’s education to induce the participation of local residents. Second, in the case of Japan, projects were implemented to support the regeneration of small schools within the local community and to create a village school after the consolidation and abolition of small schools. Third, as ways for convergence between small schools and local communities, a win-win principle and strategy between small schools and village education communities were adopted, and as a community hub, it is necessary to play an important role in terms of educational administration, curriculum operation and student support, and the local community. The establishment of cooperative governance between education administration and general administration, and mutual understanding and communication and consensus formation among local community residents, parents as well as students, education authority, local governments, and school teachers are important for successful convergence of small schools and local communities.

Practical Suggestions for Win-Win, Win-Lose, Lose-Win, and Lose-Lose Strategies in Mediation or Arbitration

This essay discusses the practical aspects of mediation and arbitration. The article outlines effective steps to implement win-win, win-lose, lose-win, and lose-lose negotiation strategies. It is posited that with a win-win strategy, the job of a mediator or arbitrator is to find a win-win scenario that is acceptable to both sides. The role of a mediator or arbitrator when the parties are engaging in win-lose, lose-win, and lose-lose strategies is different in that at least one of the parties is not seeking a win for all sides. In particular, when the parties are not involved in a win-win, and court is an option, the parties need to gain as much information about the opposing party as possible to use it to their advantage in court. This is unfortunate but, at times, a necessary result of not participating in a win-win outcome.

EXPLORING PARTNERING AND JOINT VENTURES IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: A BRIEF PERSPECTIVE

This article aims to study partnering and joint ventures in the construction industry and additional perspectives for establishing possible collaborative business-management relationship models. Due to the increased global competition in an expansive marketplace, collaborative business relations in the construction industry are essential to achieve maximum efficiency and productivity to complete a successful construction project to benefit all of the parties involved in the project. Since these business relationships, including partnering and joint ventures, have a crucial difference, a solid understanding is necessary for a successful project in the construction industry. The study's novelty is to fundamentally provide niche perspectives of establishing and implementing such collaborative business-management relationship models as construction partnering and joint ventures, mainly focusing on the concepts of the models based on the point of view of the construction industry. In this study, we examined the concepts of the terms regarding partnering and joint ventures, their advantages and disadvantages, vital elements for success, and the case studies to provide an overall understanding of the collaborative projects. The outcome of this study could help practitioners who seek to promote activities that facilitate efficient partnering and joint ventures in the construction industry. Furthermore, it can help achieve a win-win strategy for all parties concerned and promote effective partnering and joint ventures.

Towards Sustainable Innovation in the Bakery Sector—An Example of Fibre-Enriched Bread

This study aimed to examine the drivers and types of sustainable product innovations undertaken in bakeries with a particular focus on fibre-enriched bread. This type of bread contributes to a healthy diet due to its increased content of dietary fibre, which is an essential but deficient component of the diet, especially in modern consumption patterns in affluent countries. The study was carried out using the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) method on a sample of 402 companies operating in the Polish baking industry. Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) using Burt tables was used to analyse the results. Four groups of companies were identified according to the number of new products introduced to the market: non-innovative, poorly innovative, moderately innovative, and sustainable innovative companies. The results show that the development of a “new formula” was the most frequently mentioned type of innovation in all groups of companies. Other types of product innovation were also identified among the highly innovative companies: a new product for the company, a new product for the consumer, and new packaging. The basic motivation for launching innovative products on the market was to follow new trends and meet consumer expectations. Therefore, the results indicate that a consumer approach to innovation prevailed. The surveyed bakeries perceived fibre-enriched bread as a product with high nutritional value and environmental benefits. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the drivers of sustainable innovation in the food industry and have some practical implications for bakery companies seeking competitive drivers based on sustainable innovation. The study showed that capturing the voice of the customer is important in developing product innovations in bakeries. A consumer-oriented strategy is a win-win strategy, as it will result in an increased range of products suitable for a healthy sustainable diet and environmental benefits using fibre waste from food processing.

Application of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to evaluate the fates of nitrogenous fertilizer in subtropical mountainous watershed tea farms.

Extensive nutrient loss is one of the most challenging issues faced by agricultural production regions worldwide. However, diffuse pollution in the subtropical mountainous watersheds is rarely simulated. A watershed model with regional parameter values is essential for watershed management. In this study, SWAT, one of the most popular models was applied to simulate daily discharge (years of 2008-2014), NO3-N flux (2012-2014), and tea yield (2012-2014) in the Ping-Lin watershed (PLW) of Taiwan, as well as to test the effectiveness of a modified fertilization strategy. The results demonstrated that SWAT was capable of simulating daily discharge variation, daily riverine NO3-N flux, and tea yield in the PLW. NO3-N yield of the tea farm (47kg/ha/yr) was 9 times higher than that of the forest (5.1kg/ha/yr). A significant proportion (~ 50%) of the input nitrogen (including dry/wet deposition and fertilizer) infiltrated into the soil, resulting in a poor fertilizer uptake efficiency of the tea tree. It was demonstrated that the modified fertilization strategy (apply fertilizer in small rainfall event, i.e., daily rainfall < 20mm/day, and not in a single day) could increase the nitrogen uptake and harvest yield of the tea tree by 14% and 4%, respectively, with a 10% reduction in nitrogen input. Furthermore, this strategy significantly reduced the nitrogen yields from surface flow (75%), lateral flow (36%), percolation (50%), and groundwater (48%). A popular model with verified parameter values could help in developing a win-win strategy for both farmers and regulators, thus realizing the goals of sustainable agricultural practices.

Sugarcane bagasse supported graphitic carbon nitride for photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide

The sugarcane bagasse (SB) was recycled to support graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) for photocatalytic application. By tuning the hydrothermal process, the SB-supported gCN could convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into monoxide or methanol under the illumination of a 14-watt LED light bulb. The composition of functional groups on sample was tunable via hydrothermal process and consequently altered the affinity to CO2 and promoted the conversion efficiency of CO2. This work demonstrated a win-win strategy to upgrade the agricultural wastes to efficient catalytic supports for the conversion of CO2 into value-added products under ambient condition.

Land conversion from annual to perennial crops: A win-win strategy for biomass yield and soil organic carbon and total nitrogen sequestration

How much can we increase biomass yield by promoting land conversion from annual to perennial crops? Will increased biomass extraction for biorefineries reduce soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) stock? Which cropping system is more stable for biomass production over time? To our knowledge, no study has concurrently investigated the effects of land conversion from annual to perennial crops on biomass yield, yield stability, and changes in SOC and TN stock, which limits the understanding and application of sustainable agroecosystems producing biomass for biorefineries. Based on five-year continuous observations in central Jutland Denmark, our results showed that perennial crops significantly increased biomass yield by 19% and yield stability by 88% compared to annual crops. Perennial crops significantly increased SOC content by 4% and SOC stock by 11% at 0–100 cm depth across the five years. The opposite responses of SOC content and stock under annual and perennial crops led to even more significant differences between the crop types. Perennial crops had no effect on soil TN content and increased soil TN stock to one meter depth by 22%, whereas continuous annual crops had no effect on it. Neither annual nor perennial crops had effects on SOC and TN stock when estimated based on equivalent soil mass because the soil density increased under perennial crops. Our results showed that changes in SOC and TN stock between annual and perennial crops varied with the specific calculating methods (fixed depth/equivalent mass), thus the selected methods should be clearly defined in the future research. Increases in SOC content at one meter depth were positively correlated with biomass yield and yield stability, suggesting a win-win strategy for climate mitigation and food security. Altogether, our results highlight the potential to redesign the current cropping system for sustainable intensification by selecting proper perennial crops for green biorefineries.

Creating Shared Value and Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility through Outsourcing within Supply Chain Management

One way to develop local clusters is to strengthen those clusters by using outsourcing to conduct strategic social responsibility, or in other words, to create shared value, which is a win-win strategy for the buyer, supplier, and society and the best and most viable alternative to traditional corporate social responsibilities. In the leading research, a model for decision-making within the supply chain has been developed for purchasing based on shared value creation, long-term relationship management, and purchasing strategies. The research consists of two strategic mathematical models, using goal programming, and then is solved by a meta-heuristic algorithm. Potential outsourcing companies are assessed and then clustered according to their geographic locations in the decision-making process. One (or several) cluster(s) was selected among clusters based on knowledge and relationship criteria. Besides, in the primary mathematical model, the orders in different periods and the selection of suppliers are determined. In this model, in addition to optimizing the cost, the dispersion of purchases from suppliers is maximized to increase relationships and strengthen all members of the cluster. Maximizing the distribution by converting a secondary objective function to goal-programming variables transforms the multi-objective model into a single-objective model. In addition to economic benefits for buyers and suppliers, this purchasing plan concentrates on strengthening the local industrial cluster, fostering employment and ease of recruitment for human resources, accessing more infrastructures and technical support facilities, developing an education system in the region, and assisting knowledge-based enterprises with development.

Removal of tetracycline onto KOH-activated biochar derived from rape straw: Affecting factors, mechanisms and reusability inspection

A porous biochar (BC) was prepared using the recycled agricultural waste rape straw as resources by combining high temperature carbonization with KOH activation procedure, and applied into tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) adsorption. The multiple characteristic techniques were adopted to investigate the structures and properties of as-prepared BC. The results demonstrated that the BC activated by KOH would possess the more graphite-like structures, more abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, and larger specific surface area (1531 m2/g) comparing with unactivated BC, which were favorable for the TC adsorption. The effects of initial TC concentration, solution pH value, salt ionic strength and adsorption temperature on the adsorption performances were explored in detail. The adsorption data could be well fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isothermal model. The maximum adsorption capacity of KOH activation BC could reach 325.07 mg/g at 30 °C. The endothermic and spontaneous properties of the adsorption system was implied by thermodynamic study. The adsorption TC mechanism of KOH activation BC was involved in the pore filling, π-π electron donor-acceptor interaction, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic action. Regeneration experiments showed that the TC removal efficiency could still attain 97.0% even after six cycling experiment, suggesting that the BC had the excellent reusability and stability. These results indicate the feasibility of a win-win strategy for the application of agricultural waste to water remediation.

Building a Win-Win Strategy Using Game Theory in a Competitive Environment (Subject to Antitrust Restrictions)

The modern economic space is characterised by the actualisation of such market structure as an oligopoly, which necessitates its proper theoretical and empirical investigation. The aim of the paper is to analyse the use of game theory in the oligopoly market under the said conditions. The theoretical methods are the main scientific methods used in this study, in particular analysis, synthesis, historical and statistical methods. It was determined that the game theory is one of the most important relatively new mathematical theories applied in developing various types of economic models, including market analysis and companies activity strategy formation. It has been confirmed that the game theory is most often applied to oligopoly market analysis i.e. the market in which two or more big players conduct activities. Their decisions influence both the market in general and other “players”' income and position in the market by influencing the output price or the volume of output (depending on the model). It is stated that there are many ways to apply game theory as the main theory and to explain the future state of the market, incomes, losses, and producers' share in the oligopoly market due to different conditions and variables. This paper has reviewed the use of game theory subject to antitrust restrictions and when oligopolistic companies mutually benefit. It was substantiated that quite often in the models generated by economists, the mutual benefit of companies in an oligopoly market implies the existence of collusion between market participants in which companies benefit more than they would under the condition of competition between them (cartel). The practical value of the paper is in the theoretical substantiation of game theories in markets in general and in providing some practical strategies for companies' operations in markets, which will also be useful for students in their studies and for other scholars of economic disciplines