Wien Bridge Oscillator Research Articles

Dynamical probing and multiple actions of linear offset boosting of constants in Josephson junction instigated by Wien bridge oscillator embedded in the microcontroller

Dynamical probing and multiple actions of linear offset boosting of constants in Josephson junction instigated by Wien bridge oscillator embedded in the microcontroller

Numerical Exploration of a Network of Nonlocally Coupled Josephson Junction Spurred by Wien BridgeOscillators

This paper focuses on the numerical study of the collective dynamics of nonlocally coupled Josephson junctions (JJ) driven by Wien bridge oscillators (JJSWBOs). A single JJSWBO exhibits monostable and bistable chaotic behaviors, bistable period-3 oscillations, and a coexistence of regular and chaotic dynamics. To explore the network's collective dynamics, the local dynamics are set in a bistable regime, with initial conditions ensuring random distribution of units on these two types of behavior. Increasing the coupling strength transitions the network from complete incoherence to coherent traveling waves via a chimera state.

Design Wien Bridge Oscillator for VLF to VHF Using Practical Op – Amp

Design Wien Bridge Oscillator for VLF to VHF Using Practical Op – Amp

Synchronization through frequency shuffling.

A wide variety of engineered and natural systems are modeled as networks of coupled nonlinear oscillators. In nature, the intrinsic frequencies of these oscillators are not constant in time. Here, we probe the effect of such a temporal heterogeneity on coupled oscillator networks through the lens of the Kuramoto model. To do this, we shuffle repeatedly the intrinsic frequencies among the oscillators at either random or regular time intervals. What emerges is the remarkable effect that frequent shuffling induces earlier onset (i.e., at a lower coupling) of synchrony among the oscillator phases. Our study provides a novel strategy to induce and control synchrony under resource constraints. We demonstrate our results analytically and in experiments with a network of Wien Bridge oscillators with internal frequencies being shuffled in time.

Pseudorandom number generation derived from Josephson junction stimulated by Wien bridge oscillator embedded in the microcontroller

Pseudorandom number generation derived from Josephson junction stimulated by Wien bridge oscillator embedded in the microcontroller

Chaos and multistability in Josephson junction spurred by a Wien bridge oscillator: microcontroller implementation, chaotic and coexisting attractors controls

This paper explores the dynamics, microcontroller realization, chaotic, and coexisting attractors controls in the Josephson junction (JJ) spurred by the Wien bridge oscillator (WBO). The JJ spurred by WBO (JJSWBO) is designed by coupling through a gain a resistive-capacitive shunted JJ (RCSJJ) circuit to a WBO. The JJSWBO exhibits bistable periodic, monostable chaotic, and coexisting attractors as well as period-doubling bifurcation to chaos. A microcontroller implementation of JJSWBO is used to establish the dynamical behaviors spotted in JJSWBO during the numerical simulations. Moreover, two configured single controllers are engrossed to subdue the chaotic and coexisting behavior in JJSWBO. Lastly, thanks to the linear augmentation method, the coexisting attractors of JJSWBO are controlled to the desired trajectory.

Use of memristor-based chaotic circuits in AM-DCSK and FM-DCSK modulation

In this paper, digital communications systems are built by taking advantage of hyperchaotic circuits implemented with an active flux-controlled memristor. The signals produced by these hyperchaotic circuits with rich chaotic dynamics obtained by replacing the nonlinear element with the memristor in the Chua circuit and the Wien bridge oscillator are used as carriers in digital communications systems. The dynamic behavior of memristor-based hyperchaotic circuits has a high degree of disorder. Therefore, they offer better system performance in many practical applications such as broadband signal generation, encryption and secure communications compared to the already used ordinary chaotic systems. To demonstrate the excellent system performance of memristor-based chaotic circuits, they are applied to two variants of differential chaos shift keying (DCSK) communications schemes. Both the Amplitude Modulated Differential Chaos Shift Keying (AM-DCSK) and Frequency-modulated differential chaos shift keying (FM-DCSK) have been considered. The Bit Error Rate (BER) performances of the proposed AM-DCSK and FM-DCSK systems are evaluated in an Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel.

Two MOS transistor based floating memristor circuit and its application as oscillator

This research article reports a novel off–the-shelf floating memristor circuit based on MOS transistor. The proposed memristor circuit comprises one NMOS, one PMOS and a constant current source. The designed circuit utilized intrinsic parasitic capacitance instead of conventional metal plate capacitor. Pinch hysteresis curve of the designed memristor is maintained for range of frequencies from 380 kHz to 1 GHz. Parameters of the proposed circuit may be tuned by varying the bias current of current source. Performance of the proposed circuit is verified by SPICE simulator using 0.18 µm CMOS technology parameter. In addition, Process corner variation, temperature variation, supply voltage variation and variation in size of transistor are investigated to justify the robustness of the designed circuit. Total power consumption of the designed memristor is 4 µW. Chip area of the proposed circuit is 336.55 µm2. Moreover, applications of the proposed circuit are well described with memristor based Schmitt Trigger circuit and Wien Bridge oscillator circuit.

Wien-Bridge Chaotic Oscillator Circuit with Inductive Memristor Bipole

By diode bridging an inductor to implement a memristor bipole, with active Wien-bridge oscillator, a simple and feasible third-order autonomous memristive chaotic oscillator is presented. The dynamical characteristics of the proposed circuit are investigated both theoretically and numerically, from which it can be found that the circuit has one unstable equilibrium point. Through the analysis of the bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponent spectrum and the 0–1 test chaos detection, it is shown that this system displays limit cycle orbit with different periodicity, quasi-periodic behavior, chaotic behavior and bursting behavior. The bursting behavior found in this circuit is periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic bursting. We confirm the feasibility of the proposed theoretical model using Pspice simulations and a physical realization based on an electronic analog implementation of the model.

An Electrical-Variable-Frequency Compact Wien-Bridge Oscillator

This paper designs a current-mode Wien-bridge oscillator to use current-controlled conveyor (CCCIIs) based on the traditional Wien-bridge oscillator and the adjoint network theorem. This oscillator employs only four CCCIIs and two grounded capacitors. Its resonant condition and resonant frequency can be independently and electronically varied by tuning bias currents of the CCCIIs linearly. Then this oscillator is simple in design, compact in size, and convenient in adjustment. The oscillator analysis and computer simulation results have been included to support the generation method.

Detecting Boosting Weak Signal via A Meminductive Multistable Chaotic System

In this paper, we rebuild a new meminductive chaotic circuit model based on a Wien-bridge oscillator. Due to the extreme multistability of the meminductive system, it can produce the phenomenon of many infinitely coexisting attractors. Systems that spontaneously produce coexisting oscillations are relatively rare in the study of meminductive circuit systems and are well suited as pseudo-random number generators (PRNG). In this study, a new weak signal detection model is established based on the proposed meminductive system. This detection model can detect boosting weak signals with different amplitudes. The trajectory of objects can be predicted effectively by the boosting line spectrum in the frequency domain. The experimental result shows the feasibility through which the meminductive multistable system is applied in the detection field.

Correction of traditional incorrect oscillation formula for the Wien‐Bridge Oscillator

An incorrect mistake that the DC bias resistance cannot change the oscillation frequency exists for the traditional formula of the Wien-Bridge oscillator. From the rigorous hardware experiments and theoretical proofs in this study, the proposed new formula exploits the fact that the oscillation frequency of the Wien-Bridge oscillator is indeed determined by the DC bias resistance. The feedback theory and Barkhausen criterion are often utilised to address the oscillating formula of the Wien-Bridge oscillator for traditional approaches. However, the steps of the feedback theory are complicated, and its severe shortcoming is the utilisation of Kirchhoff's law. The traditional Barkhausen formula is only necessary but not sufficient for the Wien-Bridge oscillator. Hence, the oscillator with a feedback device, which fulfils the Barkhausen criterion does not necessarily oscillate at a frequency and then this fact will make the Barkhausen criterion impractical. This study applies our series research Chen's Electric Unifying Approach to overcome the serious shortcomings of the traditional Barkhausen method and yields a necessary and sufficient oscillation formula for the Wien-Bridge oscillator. Another important feature of our proposed method is that the oscillation condition is effective for a range value, and it can solve the impact caused by the change in environmental factors.

Four-Scroll Hyperchaotic Attractor in a Five-Dimensional Memristive Wien Bridge Oscillator: Analysis and Digital Electronic Implementation

An electronic implementation of a novel Wien bridge oscillation with antiparallel diodes is proposed in this paper. As a result, we show by using classical nonlinear dynamic tools like bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponent plots, phase portraits, power density spectra graphs, time series, and basin of attraction that the oscillator transition to chaos is operated by intermittency and interior crisis. Some interesting behaviors are found, namely, multistability, hyperchaos, transient chaos, and bursting oscillations. In comparison with some memristor-based oscillators, the plethora of dynamics found in this circuit with current-voltage (i–v) characteristic of diodes mounted in the antiparallel direction represents a major advance in the knowledge of the behavior of this circuit. A suitable microcontroller based design is built to support the numerical findings as these experimental results are in good agreement.

Analysis of Wien Bridge Oscillator Designed Using BJT and Memristor with Different Window Functions

In this document, first of all, code sections of memristor window functions (Strukov, Joglekar, Biolek and Prodromakis) were created in Pspice package program in detail. Then, the design of the wien bridge oscillator circuit with BJT with a memristor with different window functions was created. Finally, the system's oscillation start time, oscillation band settling time and center oscillation frequency analysis data were imported into the Matlab program and a comprehensive presentation was made. It was seen that the output responses of the wien bridge oscillator circuit realized with the Strukov window function were better than the other window functions. It has also been shown that designs that can be realized with memristor with different window functions in various analog oscillator circuits that can be made in the future can be obtained with this method.

A Simple Chaotic Wien Bridge Oscillator with a Fractional-Order Memristor and Its Combination Synchronization for Efficient Antiattack Capability

Memristor-based oscillators are of recent interest, and hence, in this paper, we introduce a new Wien bridge oscillator with a fractional-order memristor. The novelty of the proposed oscillator is the multistability feature and the wide range of fractional orders for which the system shows chaos. We have investigated the various dynamical properties of the proposed oscillator and have presented them in detail. The oscillator is then realized using off-the-shelf components, and the results are compared with that of the numerical results. A combination synchronization scheme is proposed which uses more than one driver systems to synchronize with one response system. Indeed, we use two different techniques where the first one consists of splitting the transmitted signals into two parts where each part is loaded in different drive systems, while the second one consists of dividing time into different intervals and loading the signals in different drive systems. Such techniques improve the antiattack capability of the systems when used for secure communication.

On the intersection of molecular bioelectronics and biosensors: 20 Years of C3B

Formed in 2000 at Virginia Commonwealth University, the Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors and Biochips (C3B®) has subsequently been located at Clemson University and at Texas A&M University. Established as an industry-university collaborative center of excellence, the C3B has contributed new knowledge and technology in the areas of i) molecular bioelectronics, ii) responsive polymers, iii) multiplexed biosensor systems, and iv) bioelectronic biosensors. Noteworthy contributions in these areas include i) being the first to report direct electron transfer of oxidoreductase enzymes enabled by single walled carbon nanotubes and colloidal clays, ii) the molecular level integration of inherently conductive polymers with bioactive hydrogels using bi-functional monomers such as poly(pyrrole-co-3-pyrrolylbutyrate-conj-aminoethylmethacrylate) [PyBA-conj-AEMA] and 3-(1-ethyl methacryloylate)aniline to yield hetero-ladder electroconductive hydrogels, iii) the development of a multi-analyte physiological status monitoring biochip, and iv) the development of a bioanalytical Wien-bridge oscillator for the fused measurement to lactate and glucose. The present review takes a critical look of these contributions over the past 20 years and offers some perspective on the future of bioelectronics-based biosensors and systems. Particular attention is given to multiplexed biosensor systems and data fusion for rapid decision making.

Design of a hyperchaotic memristive circuit based on wien bridge oscillator

In this paper, a hyperchaotic memristive circuit that is based on a Wien bridge oscillator structure is introduced. The circuit contains an active flux-controlled memristor that is characterized with a smooth continuous cubic nonlinearity. Firstly, a floating implementation of the memristor is used in order to show the flexibility of the element and consequently, a typical application example is analyzed by employing it as the nonlinear element in Chua circuit. Later, the simulation and the experimental realization of the hyperchaotic memristive circuit are performed, resulting in a consistent match between them. Moreover, the dynamics of the proposed hyperchaotic system are theoretically examined in detail. When compared to similar work in the literature, the proposed hyperchaotic system demonstrates clear improvements such as non-clipping amplitude behavior and simplified circuit implementation along with rich chaotic dynamics. The proposed circuit can further be implemented for chaotic encryption, communication systems and synchronous control applications.

Complex dynamics of a modified four order Wien-bridge oscillator model and FPGA implementation

This paper presents a novel fourth-order autonomous flux controlled memristive Wien-bridge system. Standard nonlinear diagnostic tools such as bifurcation diagram, graphs of largest Lyapunov exponent, Lyapunov stability diagram, phase space trajectory and isospike diagram are used to characterize dynamics of the system. Results show that the system presents hidden attractors with infinite equilibrium points known as line equilibrium for a suitable set of its parameters. The system also exhibits striking phenomenon of extreme multistability. Through isospike and Lyapunov stability diagram, spiral bifurcation leading to a center hub point is observed in a Wien-bridge circuit for the first time and the Field Programmable Gate Array -based implementation is performed to confirm its feasibility.

Wien Oscillator Using Organic Enzyme‐Chemiresistors for Fused Measurement of Glucose and Lactate

Total body sensor networks for physiological (diagnostic biosensors) and biomechanical (force and motion) systems require data fusion through several algorithms. A novel, device‐level method of sensor data fusion is presented. This biomimetic concept is demonstrated through the development of glucose and lactate sensitive chemiresistors in a biologically responsive Wien bridge oscillator circuit. Biocompatible and bioresponsive polymers suitable for integration of molecular recognition and transduction yield stimuli‐responsive chemiresistors. The analyte‐responsive chemiresistors are electroconductive hydrogels that separately incorporate the enzymes glucose oxidase and/or lactate oxidase that are conjugated with single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and embedded in a percolating network of conductive polymer (polypyrrole). The input of the system is the chemical potential of the analytes, glucose and lactate, acting through the biological activity of immobilized enzymes, and the output of the system is a single sinusoidal wave from which the concentrations of glucose and lactate can be deconvoluted from the amplitude and DC offset, respectively. This engineered system, based on soft bioelectronic circuit elements, aims to offer simultaneous, real‐time analyte biosensing at a biomolecular level in a move toward biologically responsive circuits and eventually, bioanalytical systems suitable for indwelling in human tissue for extended periods of time.

Infinitely many coexisting conservative flows in a 4D conservative system inspired by LC circuit

Conservative chaotic flows, a category of incompressible chaos, are usually generated from dynamical systems without dissipation. The existing results on conservative chaos are almost reported in mathematical models of coupled ordinary differential equations, but rarely raised in circuit models. This paper proposes a four-dimensional conservative chaotic system inspired by inductor–capacitor (LC) circuit. It is implemented by replacing two RC networks in Wien bridge oscillator with two LC networks. The circuit has only one piecewise nonlinearity featured by the saturation output characteristic of operational amplifier and is likely to be the simplest such model. With dimensionless equations, the conservative nature of the system is analysed. Both theoretical analyses and numerical simulations confirm the system is conservative. Particularly, with fixed system parameters, infinitely many coexisting periodic, quasiperiodic and chaotic flows are observed. The PSIM circuit simulations and DSP-based hardware experiments demonstrate the findings. Finally, pseudorandom number generator based on the conservative chaotic system is designed to generate high-quality pseudorandom bits.