Width Of Maxillary Central Incisor Research Articles

Philtral Width and Width of Maxillary Central Incisor A Correlational Analysis in dentate adult human subjects

Statement of the problem: The estimation of the width of a missing maxillary central incisor is of a paramount importance for prosthodontic applications. Several facial anatomic land marks have been used to accomplish this purpose with varying degrees of certainty .This study explores the possibility of using labial philtrum to correlate and predict the width of maxillary central incisor. Aim : 1. To estimate the correlation between the width of maxillary central incisor and the width of the philtrum. 2. To predict the width of maxillary central incisor utilizing the philtrum width as a guide. Methodology : A prospective, observational, open label study design was performed to evaluate the correlation between the maxillary central incisor width and philtral width in 200 Indian dentate adult human subjects satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The maxillary central incisor width denoted as variable y and the philtral width as variable x and width was measured in millimetres and the values were subjected to statistical analysis to estimate correlation and regression. Statistical Analysis: Pearson's correlation coefficient was worked out (r) and a regression equation was formulated and analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. The correlation coefficient worked out was r = + 0.99, coefficient of determination r 2 = 0.96 and the regression intercept was -5.99. Mean central incisor width was 8.5 ±0.65 mm and mean philtral width was 14.4 ±0.42 mm. Inference: A strong positive correlation between the width of the philtrum and width of maxillary central incisor was observed (r = + 0.99). The maximum philtral width subtracted by 6 mm will provide the estimate for the width of maxillary central incisor.

A study on the validity of reference points for edentulous patient

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of reference points for edentulous patient by examining the correlation of teeth and face, and intraoral anatomic land- marks. Materials and methods: We examined a facial outline, length, bizygomatic width, nasion - gnathion length, glabella - nasion distance in 270 men and 280 women satisfied with inclusion criteria from Seoul National School of Dentistry. The shape of maxillary central incisor, mesiodistal crown width and length of maxillary 6 incisors, distance from incisive papilla to labial surface of maxillary central incisor, and perpendicular distance from incisive papilla to intercanine line were measured in the stone mod- el. We analyzed the ratio and relevant relation statistically. Results: The probability on having the same shape of face and the relative same shape maxillary incisor was 55.56% and 46.43% for men and women. The facial length proved to be a more valuable measurement in women in the tooth selection. The ratio of bizygomatic width to mesiodis- tal width of maxillary central incisor, and the ratio of bizygomatic width to width of maxillary 6 incisors were 16.8 : 1 and 3.0 : 1 and were positively correlated with each other. The distance of the canines from the maxillary incisal papilla was 1.33±1.28 mm. The distance between the center of the incisal papilla and the labial surface of their maxillary central incisor was 9.23±1.20 mm. Conclusion: It was showed that anatomical reference points in tooth selection and arrangement for edentulous patient are use- ful and have validity in our limited study. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2015;53:310-7)

The Value of Maxillary Central Incisors and Canines in Gender Determination as an Aid in Forensic Dentistry

Background: This study aimed to determine the gender of a sample of Iraqi adults utilizing the mesio-distal width of maxillary central incisors and canines and to determine the percentage of dimorphism as an aid in forensic dentistry. Materials and methods: The sample included 230 subjects (115 males and 115 females) with an age ranged between 17- 25 years and Class I dental and skeletal relations. Study casts were taken for each subject and the mesio-distal crown dimension was measured manually from the contact points for the maxillary central incisors and canines (both sides) using digital vernier caliper gauge. Descriptive statistics were obtained for the measurements for both genders; independent samples t-test was performed to evaluate the gender difference, percentage of dimorphism and stepwise discriminant function statistics were performed to determine the teeth that can be used for gender identification in addition to the percentage of gender identification accuracy. Results and Conclusions: Generally, the mesio-distal dimensions of the maxillary central incisor and canine were larger in males than females with a high significant difference (P . 0.001). Stepwise discriminant function statistics indicated that the right central incisor and canine were the most predominant teeth in gender identification and the accuracy of identification reached up to 69.6%. Keywords: Mesio-distal tooth dimension, Forensic dentistry, gender determination.

Anatomic crown length and mesio-distal width of maxillary central incisor teeth in Bangladeshi population

Background : Dimensions of teeth have been an excellent tool for determining clinically relevant aspects of dental aesthetics. Especially, the anterior teeth crown height and their mesio-distal widths are very important, because of their strategic anatomical position of being in the centre and in the front of the upper jaw. Objectives : The presented study was aimed to find the nominative data of the average anatomic crown height and mesio-distal width of maxillary central incisors of Bangladeshi population irrespective of age and sex. Methods : This observational study was carried out at Update dental college & Hospital. 110 typical extracted human maxillary central incisor teeth were collected randomly from the Oral Anatomy and Physiology Department of Update dental college and Sapporo dental college. Results : In this study it shows that maxillary central incisors’ average crown length is between 7.25 – 11.75 mm and the mean crown length is 10.37(SD±0.90) mm. The average mesio-distal width is between 9.00 – 13.00 mm and the mean mesio-distal width is 8.51 (SD±0.62) mm. Conclusions : Apart from other specific and objective parameters related to dental aesthetics, these values of mesio-distal width and the length of the maxillary central incisors mentioned in this study will serve as guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment planning, especially in restorative dentistry, orthodontics and periodontal surgeries.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v2i1.13954 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2012; 2 (1): 08-13

To evaluate the validity of Recurring Esthetic Dental proportion in natural dentition

Background:Different proportions are described in the literature for smile designing, such as Golden proportion, Golden percentage, Preston's proportion, and recently, Recurring Esthetic Dental (RED) proportion.Aims and Objectives:To evaluate the existence of RED proportion in natural dentition. To determine the relative height of maxillary lateral incisor and canine occurring in natural dentition so that it can be used in any of the above proportions.Materials and Methods:Fifteen male subjects and 15 female subjects in each of the different age groups of 18–23 years, 24–29 years and 30–35 years were selected for this study (total 90). Photographs of the subjects were taken using Nikon D200 camera with 135 mm lens and analyzed using Adobe Photoshop CS4 extended software. The height and width of maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors and canines were found out using the measuring tool provided in the software.Results:Average width ratio and height ratio of maxillary lateral incisor to central incisor and maxillary canine to lateral incisor were calculated to check the existence of RED proportion in natural dentition. Average lateral incisor to central incisor height ratio for “small”- and “medium”-sized teeth was found to be 88% and for “tall”-sized teeth was found to be 84%. Average canine to lateral incisor height ratio for “small”- and “medium”-sized teeth was found to be 106% and for “tall”-sized teeth was found to be 105%.Conclusions:Within the limitations of the study, RED proportion was not seen in natural dentition.

Inner canthal distance and golden proportion as predictors of maxillary central incisor width in south Indian population

Even though the constant relation of golden proportion and inner canthal distance (ICD) with the width of the maxillary central incisor (CIW) has been found in European population, it may not be applied to Indian population as we differ from Europeans racially and genetically. Hence, this study was carried out with the objectives of determining if these parameters are applicable to our population also. Three hundred south Indian subjects between 18 and 26 years of age, free from facial and dental deformities were examined. Inner canthus of each eye was used as soft tissue landmark. The maxillary central incisors were measured at the contact point area with the help of digital vernier caliper. The CIW was also calculated using golden proportion ratio to obtain the calculated central incisor width. A comparison was made with measured width. Statistical analyses were done to identify any significant difference using "Z" tests. Pearson's Correlation Coefficient test was used to evaluate the measured and the calculated width of the central incisor. ICD and the width of two maxillary incisors were in golden proportion in south Indian population. Also, ICD when multiplied by a decreasing function value of the golden proportion and divided by 2 is a reliable predictor of determining CIW. As in the European population, the ICD and the golden proportion are reliable predictors for determining the width of the maxillary central incisors in the south Indian population also.

Inner canthal distance and geometric progression as a predictor of maxillary central incisor width

Statement of Problem. Estimating the mesiodistal width of maxillary central incisors may be difficult when artificial teeth are selected for edentulous subjects. Purpose. This study examined the relationship between inner canthal distance and maxillary central incisor mesiodistal width in terms of the geometric progression popularly known as the golden proportion. Material and Methods. Two hundred twenty-nine dentate Saudi subjects (120 males, 109 females; mean age 21.46 years) free from facial and dental deformities were examined. The mesiodistal width of each maxillary central incisor was measured between its interproximal contact points. The inner canthal distance was measured from medial angle to medial angle of the palpebral fissures of the eyes. The common ratios of geometric progression are 0.618 and 1.618. The inner canthal distance of each subject was multiplied by a decreasing function value of the geometric progression term (0.618) to provide the combined width of 2 central incisors. The product was then divided by 2 to obtain the width of a single maxillary central incisor. A t test was used to identify any significant differences in mesiodistal tooth width and inner canthal distance by gender. Agreement between the measured and calculated central incisor widths was evaluated with Pearson's correlation coefficients, as was intraexaminer reliability. Significance was set at α=.05. Results. The mean inner canthal distance of male and female subjects was 28.7 ± 1.7 mm and 27.9 ± 2.1 mm, respectively. The mean maxillary central incisor width of male and female subjects was 8.87 ± 0.5 mm and 8.68 mm ± 0.4 mm, respectively. Differences between the mean values for both measurements were significant (P =.002). The actual and calculated widths of the natural maxillary central incisors were found to be highly correlated (r =.943). Conclusion. Within the population tested, a significantly higher mean inner canthal distance and maxillary central incisor width were recorded for male subjects. Inner canthal distance, when multiplied by a decreasing function value of the geometric progression term and then divided by 2, was a reliable predictor of maxillary central incisor width. (J Prosthet Dent 2002;88:16-20.)

Inner canthal distance and geometric progression as a predictor of maxillary central incisor width

Inner canthal distance and geometric progression as a predictor of maxillary central incisor width

Estimation of the width of artificial anterior teeth in relation to the width of opposing natural teeth (A comparative study)

The purpose of this study is to determine the width of the missing central incisor of one arch when the central incisor of the other arch is available in personsliving in the north of Iraq, and to compare these measurements with persons living in the middle of Iraq. Four hundred Iraqi students from University of Mosul, North of Iraq were selected for this study, The measurements of maxillary and mandibular central incisors were done on (800) stone casts. A new method was concluded in this study to determine the width of a missing central incisor in relation to the opposing central incisor using the following equation: The width of maxillary central incisor = The Width of mandibular central incisor × 1.65

Determination of approximate size of maxillary anterior denture teeth when mandibular anterior teeth are present. Part III: Relationship of maxillary to mandibular central incisor widths

The average width of a natural maxillary central incisor is 8.92 mm. This value is determined from the results of three studies of natural dentitions. The average width of a mandibular central incisor is 5.5 mm. The average ratio produced by dividing the average maxillary central incisor width by the average mandibular incisor width is 1.62. The factor of 1.5 times the width of a mandibular central incisor produces a maxillary central incisor width that is too narrow. The width of a mandibular central incisor plus half the width of the mandibular lateral incisor also produces a maxillary central incisor width that is too narrow. There may be a tendency to undersize the maxillary prosthetic dentition. The ratio of 1.62 can be used to select the appropriate width for a missing maxillary central incisor when given the width of the mandibular central incisor. This ratio of 1.62 is also valuable to verify the dimension of a selected artificial maxillary central incisor when the patient complains that the tooth is too large. If substitutions or adjustments are made in the mold, the desired canine-to-canine measurement produced by the ratio range of 1.3 to 1.38 reported in Parts I and II of this study should be maintained.