Wider World Research Articles

Teaching Classics as an applied subject

AbstractThis article discusses the opportunities and challenges of teaching Classics as an ‘applied’ subject. It outlines the development of a new module at the University of St Andrews which asks student teams to research and design a project that draws on ancient sources, practices or ideas to address a challenge in the 21st century, such as ‘fake news’, racism, or climate change. It distinguishes Applied Classics from Public Classics and Reception Studies, defining the former as ‘the purposeful application of carefully-chosen aspects of antiquity as a useful intervention in a contemporary challenge.’ It also underlines its value as a form of ‘Citizen Scholarship’, a branch of academia that builds bridges to activism and has tangible impacts, creating change (not just disseminating knowledge) in the wider world. The article considers the ethics of Applied Classics; the mentoring that students require, to work in novel ways and on topics well outside their comfort zones; and the assessment challenges that come with project-based learning. It reflects on the skills that students acquire from this kind of module (in leadership, collaboration, creative thinking, critical self-reflection and outcomes-focused thinking), on their sense of empowerment as they identify ways to translate their studies into socially impactful work, and on the contributions they can make to wider debates about the future of Classics as a discipline.

“I didn’t know there were so many kinds of people and so many sorts of provincialism in the world’’: Tracking Provincialism Through the Nineteenth-Century Corpus

Abstract Beginning with a full text search for the term ‘provincialism’ across all entries in the OED Online, this article tracks ‘provincialism’ through the digitized fiction of the nineteenth century, eavesdropping on the ways in which the term was used in a dataset of references drawn from 165 nineteenth-century novels brought together from the British Library 19th Century Collection and the Hathi Trust Digital Library. The focus is not on a close reading of a small number of novels, a novel subgenre, or iterations of a single novel, but on a close reading of multiple short, references to the term ‘provincialism’ drawn from a large number of nineteenth-century digitized novels. Attention is concentrated on the textually small, the fleeting yet potent uses of the term deployed by nineteenth-century novelists writing in a mass cultural medium with a local and global reach. The findings offer up a relational and multidimensional picture of the term aggregated from the textually small, as it plays out in relation to class, gender, the city, the four nations of the UK, the British Empire and the wider world.

Scotland and the Wider World: Essays in Honour of Allan I. Macinnes, ed. Neil McIntyre and Alison Cathcart

<i>Scotland and the Wider World: Essays in Honour of Allan I. Macinnes</i>, ed. Neil McIntyre and Alison Cathcart

Re-defining Türkiye's International Relations - 2 Decades of 360° Foreign Policies

Analyzing modern Türkiye’s foreign policy is the perfect case study of how, over time, a nation-state can completely restructure its approach to engaging with the outside world. Yet this analysis does not aim to propose an extended or complete listing of individual countries’ relations; on the contrary, it basically tries to suggest what was the catalyst when measurable change occurred for the first time. In brief, Türkiye progressed from promoting splendid isolation during the past millennium to becoming a fully integrated and often trend-setting international actor in just over two decades. Hence, determining the actual catalyst for change, which according to the author is not just an election victory but also a much more profound paradigm shift in elected officials’ attitudes towards the wider world, is this contribution’s major aim. After discussing the analytical differences between international relations on the one hand and foreign policies on the other and focusing on the electorate as a key contributor and beneficiary of and from proactive foreign policies, the piece proposes a number of key examples to come up with a tangible way to measure foreign policy success. At the same time, the question is put forward in which context there might be even more to expect from Ankara and its constant desire to further expand on an already impressively positive global image. Whether or not foreign policies are an integral part of Türkiye’s 100-year strategy and thus become a focus of Türkiye the Brand serves as the concluding reflection.

The Narrative Technique in the novel "The Guide of the Dead Writers" by Atta Muhammad

The current study “Narration Technique” is an attempt to shed light on the importance of narration techniques in the novel of “the guider of Dead Books” by Atta Muhammed. The researcher tries to reveal all the narration techniques used by the author from all artistic perspectives. It is well-known that the novel as a genre of literature is a wide world full of events that is written in a narration format. This fact makes novel to have a large but specific audience around the world. The elements of novel such as events, time, place, characters play significant roles in the way the narration takes place. This makes novel to have different philosophical, fictional, artistic and psychological perspectives and how to use these elements by the author will influence the opinion of the audiences while reading the text. In this study, the research focuses on the role of narration format as a fictional element in writing novel. It can be reported that novel is the product of narrating the fiction of the author about human or non-human objects in length. In conclusion, the researcher finds out that the way the stories in the novel narrated will have big impacts on the reading for pleasure by the audiences.&#x0D;

Fracturing & fluidity, isolation & (dis)integration: mapping ecological islands & edges in painting & music

ABSTRACT The author’s watercolor maps capturing the inherently spatial, heterogeneous experiences of ecological islands and edges, and musical map evoking a multifaceted journey through an ‘archipelago’ of island ecosystems, aim to convey the increasing fragility and ‘preciousness’ of these slivers of the natural world. But simultaneously, the maps unintentionally begin to muddle this simplistic conception of ecological isolation and stability. The paintings’ fractured compositions and external frames appear to freeze and distance islands in space and time, but as the fragments multiply they also immerse the viewer in the geography and suggest ecological dynamism. The musical map has a similarly multifaceted structure, but it is mainly qualities of fluidity and cohesion, along with sound’s fundamentally non-descriptive, temporal nature, that objectify the island in some ways and in others produce an immersive, energizing effect. In future cartographic work, the author expects to more consciously engage rather than to resolve this tension between isolation and integration. But as a viewer/listener impression that is ultimately itself the ‘object’ of the maps, the islands’ imagined state of timelessness and preciousness is in fact a manifestation of their inseparability from humanity and the wider world – and therefore an image with reality and value of its own.

More-than-Human Wellbeing

More-than-Human Wellbeing

Effects of E-Learning on Colleges of Education Tutors: A Case Study on Nusrat Jahan Ahmadiyya College of Education and Mccoy College of Education

E-Learning is an electronic technology to access any educational format curriculum in Ghana or any part of the world outside of a physical or traditional classroom. Official Public Service Announcement on Coronavirus from the World Health Organization (WHO) has led to the improvement of our educational system in the whole wide world and Ghana as a country. In an attempt to contain and control the spread of the virus, the President instituted social distancing protocols and directed the closure of schools on the 16th of March 2020. To ensure the continuity of teaching and learning, the president of the Republic of Ghana directed the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Communication to ensure that they roll out distance and remote learning programmes for all students. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of e-learning on the Colleges of Education Tutors using the Nusrat Jahan Ahmadiyya and Mccoy College of Education as case studies. A total of 100 tutors were recruited for the study. The study found that the time allocated for eLearning is not enough, the nature of accessible programming for students’ learning is not effective and there is no enough demonstration during e-lessons. Also, the study revealed that the course contents are based on the outline provided. The study also revealed that, to solve the challenges, ensuring a friendly user interface will help solve the challenges in e-learning, and tutors may start using e-learning with the assistance of their associates. Also, ICT courses should be made compulsory for tutors to undertake them. The study concludes among others that the time allocated for eLearning is not enough due to the demand of the course outline. The study therefore recommends among others that there is the need for innovative teaching strategies, course design specific to online education, and the development of good online teaching skills by tutors and these are significant components of quality and effective online education.

REVIEW: Radio Australia speaking to the world

Australia Calling: The ABC Radio Australia Story, by Phil Kafcaloudes, ABC Books, 2022. 224 pages. ISBN: 9780646852430.&#x0D; RADIO AUSTRALIA was conceived at the beginning of the Second World War out of Canberra’s desire to counter Japanese propaganda in the Pacific. More than 70 years later its rebirth is being driven by a similarly urgent need to counter propaganda, this time from China. Set up within the towering framework of the ABC, Radio Australia was, and remains, an institution with a lively multilingual culture of its own. Sometimes it has thrived and sometimes, especially in recent decades, it has struggled as political priorities and media fashions waxed and waned within the ABC and the wider world.

The student's evaluation of the delivery of the theoretical courses due to warning mask and social distance during the pandemic condition

The pandemic condition changed the style of teaching and learning in the wide world. Particularly some measurements such as warning masks and social distance influenced the quality of the education in the higher education. A five-scale Likert questionnaire was designed to ask the architecture students to evaluate the quality of the delivery of the theoretical courses in the department. SPSS was applied to analyze data with quantitative methods. The results revealed that the students generally were satisfied with the quality of courses and the delivery methods. However, the Chi-square analysis demonstrated that just a few factors were associated with the quality of the delivery of the courses and other factors did not statistically associate with the evaluation of the students. In conclusion, the students evaluate the quality of the teaching in a holistic approach and apparently contextual factors influence the judgment of the students during the pandemic time of teaching and learning.

Decolonizing a discipline in distress

AbstractIndia‐based anthropologists must contend with the legacies of colonial epistemologies and postcolonial imperatives in an increasingly neoliberal academy and Hindu‐supremacist nation‐state. For these scholars, anthropology's values of critical humanism are more vital than ever. The challenge is to uphold them in ways that both include and reach beyond the academy. Over the decades, Indian anthropologists’ position has shifted with regard to their discipline, to academic institutions, the nation, and the wider world since Independence. Today, they face challenges to the vision of democratizing anthropology in terms of institutional autonomy and public accountability. The Indian experience may provide insights to colleagues in the North.

Government Policy Regarding Education in Indonesia: Analysis of Competence-Based Curriculum, Educational Unit Level Curriculum, and Curriculum 2013

The curriculum is a government policy in the field of education determined by the government. The curriculum has continued to change according to the times and advances in science and technology. This study uses a qualitative method by producing descriptive data as an observable social reality, namely the educational curriculum. The social reality is then analyzed using public policy theory. This article concludes that the curriculum as a political policy from the Indonesian government in the field of education is a logical consequence of social change and development of science. From 1999 to 2013 there were three changes to the curriculum, namely the Competency-Based Curriculum (KBK), the Education Unit Level Curriculum (KTSP) and the 2013 Curriculum (K-13). Each curriculum has its own focus and emphasis point. The purpose of the curriculum changes carried out by the government from a theoretical point of view of public policy is oriented towards fulfilling the needs and interests of the community. So that the curriculum can still be adapted to social changes, scientific and technological developments that occur in society in Indonesia and the wider world

Joyful Stoic Death Writing: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Newcomers Contemplating Death in an Online Group

Death awareness, which is an integral part of Stoic philosophy, has received little attention in either therapeutic training or empirical psychological research. This study seeks to address this gap by investigating participants’ experiences of completing a Stoic death writing intervention. To understand newcomers’ experiences being in-daily-death-contemplation, in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted in December 2021 with six adult participants in a UK program, 28 Days Joyful Death Writing with the Stoics, were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Analysis generated two primary themes: Contemplative Context and Death Contemplation Significance. Contemplative Context included the experiences of a temporary, unstable community (called communitas), otherness (called alterity), and the wider world. Death Contemplation Significance included death and other personal losses, and gains such as personal purpose, positive emotions/experiences, and beneficial behaviors/activities. Findings indicate daily death writing in communitas appears to have potential to provoke personal death awareness and undermine death taboos, accompanied by self-reported changes in emotional clarity, psychological flexibility, worry, and rumination. Furthermore, operationalizing open programs like 28 Days could contribute to idiographic approaches emerging in intervention science, including via augmenting practitioner training. Future studies could investigate practitioners, trainees, and more experienced Stoics as well as develop novel assessment means for evaluating death awareness.

朱權 『茶譜』의 茶隱一味적 차문화 연구

The representative text 『Dabo』 from the early Ming dynasty is a book that describes the inner thoughts and perception of tea in the life of hermit through personifying the tea and comparing its virtues to human, which had to be inevitably chosen in accordance with the historical circumstances, unlike the Confucian scholars of the Tang and Song dynasties. The form of Jugueon’s reclusion embodies the philosophy of both Confucian scholars and Taoist scholars. As a member of royal family, he sought to avoid the power struggles of the troubled royal court by adopting a prudent and protective stance for self-preservation and aspired to a life of pursuing inner cultivation of spontaneous wandering. In the section titled 「Seo」 the author describes the deep inner thoughts as a hermit and the life of reclusion in harmony with tea . Internally, it expresses the author's inner feelings of pursuing a Confucian aesthetic by sublimating the virtues of tea and radiating the brilliance of a gentle and modest attitude, while also portraying the passion and madness of wanting to pour out one's emotions to the world without hesitation, drawing them into a deep and wide personal world without inadequacy. Externally, it reveals the author's desire to distance himself from the secular world through the culture of playing and engaging with tea culture. Through the philosophy of Jugueon's reclusion depicted in 『Dabo』, one can discern the characteristics of tea culture in the Ming dynasty, distinct from that of the Song dynasty.

INTEGRATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SURVEY OUTPUT AND THE INFORMATION ASSET IN A 3D MODEL OF THE CASTELLO SFORZESCO IN MILAN

Abstract. In recent years, the architecture domain, driven by today's digital transition, has been actively exploring the world of digital twins, also thanks to the technological advancement that supports the progress on the issue. Within this context, the present work deals with the wide world of Architectural Cultural Heritage digitization. It aims to obtain a tool to support knowledge, investigation, and management of the built heritage. The research proposes an approach for digital twin development that comprehensively describes the architectural asset, including elements that are no longer present or visible. For this purpose, the three-dimensional model collects the available heterogeneous geometric datum, inevitably characterized by different levels of accuracy. The digitization model designed involves the coexistence of objects belonging to different Levels of Geometric Information (LOGI). All types of data then cooperate in defining the overall geometric information. Therefore, this framework allows for exploiting geometric information from both geomatics digital surveys and historical sources. This system allows obtaining a digital model that includes the different evolutionary phases of architectural assets by providing an overall view of these structures, an essential notion for operating properly on this kind of architecture. The digitization system was tested on a particular case study, the Ghirlanda of the Castello Sforzesco in Milan. The complexity of the property and the richness of the information heritage guided this choice, providing the basis for an appropriate and effective experimental activity.

An overview of the electrocardiographic monitoring devices in sports cardiology: Between present and future.

Athletes represent a mainly healthy population, which however could be considered at risk of major arrhythmic events, especially in case of undiagnosed cardiomyopathies. For this reason, the periodical sports medicine examination and the electrocardiography are essential tools in the cardiovascular screening, even though they do not always succeed in identifying rhythm disturbances, particularly when asymptomatic or rarely symptomatic. Prolonged cardiac monitoring often enables clinicians to stratify the arrhythmic risk and reach the diagnosis. The technological progress of the last decades has produced an always-increasing number of heart rhythm monitoring devices, starting from the 24-hourelectrocardiogram Holtermonitoring and ending with the wide world of wearable devices. In the literature, the extreme utility of this equipment in the patients affected by cardiovascular diseases and in the general population is well established. On the contrary, athletes-based randomized trials or large-scale epidemiological studies targeting the frequency of cardiac symptoms and the use of cardiac monitoring are missing, while an ever-growing number of case series and small observational studies are flourishing in recent years. The present review showcases the available electrocardiographic monitoring options, principally in the medical setting, listing their characteristics, their indications, their supporting evidence, and their general pros and cons. The ultimate goal of this review is guiding physicians through the wide variety of heart rhythm monitoring options in the specific subfield of sports cardiology, when an arrhythmia is suspected in an athlete, to tailor the diagnostic process and favor the best diagnostic accuracy.

Reflections: the UK after Brexit

The articles in this issue have explored the effects Brexit has had on the UK’s international role, identity, and status. In doing so they touch on the wider question of how significant a change Brexit has been for the UK. Most answers to that question point to effects on the constitution, unity, identity, political economy of the UK, and the country’s place in Europe and the wider world. This concluding article highlights processes of both change and continuity. It explores how Brexit has triggered a critical juncture but this has not yet significantly changed the ideas (especially those held by the British elite) about the UK’s role, identity, and status. Such a change may happen in time because the Brexit critical juncture is still happening, with the wider political fallout, especially to the UK’s territorial integrity, still unfolding. Although even here, the potential for continuity should not be underestimated.

Global Guns, Violence and Criminology

These four books published recently reflect, in their different ways, how criminology is coming to grapple with questions of firearms and violence. These are timely topics; at home, in Europe and across the wider world, gun violence has seldom been out of the news. In the United Kingdom, following the recent Inquest verdict and the coroner’s report on the Plymouth mass shooting of 2021, not forgetting a series of domestic killings with lawfully held weapons (in Sussex 2020; Skye 2022; Cambridge 2023; and Epsom 2023) the licensing of firearms is under urgent review. In Hamburg, Germany, eight people died during a mass shooting in the city, the fourth such event in Germany in two decades. Concerns have arisen over allegedly lax firearm laws and the failure of police to act on information received anticipating the attack. Meanwhile, in the United States, the killing has continued unabated. As of 5 March 2023, 5,149 people had been killed by gunfire in the year so far, a rise of 75% on the same period in 2022, while the shooting at the Covenant school in Nashville marked the 131st mass shooting in the United States this year. Yet, while gun violence in the United States and the global North regularly makes the news and the United States is widely viewed as exceptional in this regard, as Wallace points out in his powerful collection, rates of gun violence are much higher in many Southern, poor, developing and highly weaponized societies. It is just that we do not hear so much about it and seldom reflect upon the colonial legacies often responsible.

어휘 등급의 검증 방안 연구

In this study, a new method was designed and verified to verify the validity of the 'vocabulary grading list', which selected and graded educational vocabulary to support systematic vocabulary teaching and learning in school education. As a verification method, the following two-way method was devised. First, as a way to expand language life beyond school education, it is a way to verify validity by checking whether the vocabulary grade to be verified is a level that appropriately reflects general language life in the wider world than school education. To implement this plan, a hierarchy of vocabulary extracted from a large-scale corpus, which is a new basic data, was set up and a method of comparative analysis with the grade of this study was designed. Second, it is a convergent method to verify the validity by focusing more on the educational purpose of the vocabulary grade and checking whether it is a level that can explain specific teaching-learning aspects of school education. To implement this plan, a method was designed to reveal the degree of linkage with textbook text readability levels of various subjects through correlation analysis and regression analysis. As a result of the verification, the vocabulary grade of this study was quite consistent with the lexical hierarchy extracted based on the large-scale corpus and the level of readability evaluation of textbook texts, but showed a tendency to show a high degree of concordance, especially in low-level easy vocabulary, and the verification result index was poor. If not, they showed mutual similarity. Through this, it was confirmed that the verification method of this study was partially effective, and it could be said that it was a useful verification result in that it consistently informs the direction of supplementation of the vocabulary ranking list. The vocabulary grade verification method explored in this study is meaningful in that it improved the empirical quality of vocabulary grade setting and grade verification.

Molecular ecology of highest priority critically important antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli from mammals housed at an urban zoo.

Zoos are environments where species of highly valued animals are kept largely separated from others and the wider world. We report the molecular ecology of critically important antibiotic resistant (ABR) Escherichia coli carried by 28 mammalian species housed in a zoo located in an urban residential district. Over 3 months we collected 167 faecal samples from captive mammals and processed for E. coli resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (3GC-R) and fluoroquinolones (FQ-R). Isolates were sequenced using Illumina. We identified high rates of faecal sample-level positivity, with 50%, 57% and 36% of mammalian species excreting 3GC-R, FQ-R or dual 3GC-R/FQ-R E. coli, respectively. Isolates represented multiple ST and ABR mechanisms; CTX-M-15 and CMY-2 dominated for 3GC-R, and target-site mutation caused 75% of FQ-R. We identified multiple examples of ABR E. coli transmission between mammalian species in separate enclosures, and a variant of the epidemic plasmid pCT within the zoo. There was no evidence for ABR E. coli leaving the zoo, based on comparative analysis with E. coli from humans, cattle and dogs isolated from the 50 × 50 km region in which the zoo is located. Amoxicillin/clavulanate was the most widely used antibiotic in the zoo, and we identified four widely disseminated amoxicillin/clavulanate resistance mechanisms, including a previously unreported inhibitor-resistant TEM, and the carbapenemase OXA-181. We conclude that the zoo studied here is a 'melting pot' for the selection and circulation of 3GC-R and FQ-R E. coli, but these circulating E. coli appear captive within the zoo.