Wide Gulf Research Articles

Instruction Using Social Media in Global Higher Education

The technological revolution of the past two decades has changed communication, higher education, and the global society. As a result, there exists a wide gulf between the unlimited use of technology and higher education, particularly with respect to digital communications between professors and students. Web 2.0 digital technologies convey information in a different manner than before and allow for interaction with distance participants. Personal use of digital technologies for social media communication is one thing; social media use by professors for communication with students is another. Both aspects should be examined in detail to determine the future directions for global learning.

Long-term mean, interannual and seasonal circulation in the Gulf of Finland — The wide salt wedge estuary or gulf type ROFI

Abstract Circulation of the wide gulf type ROFI or salt wedge estuary, the Gulf of Finland (GoF), was studied using a numerical 3D hydrodynamic model with 1 nmi horizontal resolution and 40 vertically adaptive layers for a period of 40 years. The results show an extensive down estuary or westward coastal current (WCC) on the left hand flank of the GoF. The WCC is more vigorous during the spring and summer months when longitudinal positive estuarine circulation with salt wedge up estuary transport and less saline upper layer water (LSULW) down estuary transport prevails. In the beginning of summer, the coastal current forms an extensive northward cross-shore current in the center of the gulf, giving rise to two basin-wide anticyclonic circulation gyres. The intensity of the WCC, anticyclonic gyres and estuarine transport vary interannually. The zonal wind component averaged over the period of the dominance of a particular feature — April–June for the WCC, July–September for the anticyclonic gyres and annual for estuarine exchange flow — modulates the strength of these circulation patterns. A negative/positive zonal wind supports/destroys the WCC and increase/decrease the intensity of the salt wedge and LSULW transport. The anticyclonic gyres are well developed during weak positive zonal wind, mainly.

Whose discourse? Dialogic Pedagogy for a post-truth world

If, as evidence shows, well-founded classroom dialogue improves student engagement and learning, the logical next step is to take it to scale. However, this presumes consensus on definitions and purposes, whereas accounts of dialogue and dialogic teaching/pedagogy/education range from the narrowly technical to the capaciously ontological. This paper extends the agenda by noting the widening gulf between discourse and values within the classroom and outside it, and the particular challenge to both language and democracy of a currently corrosive alliance of digital technology and “post-truth” political rhetoric. Dialogic teaching is arguably an appropriate and promising response, and an essential ingredient of democratic education, but only if it is strengthened by critical engagement with four imperatives whose vulnerability in contemporary public discourse attests to their importance in the classroom, the more so given their problematic nature: language, voice, argument and truth.[1][1] This paper is an edited version of the author’s keynote at the EARLI SIG 20/26 conference Argumentation and inquiry as venues for civic education, held in Jerusalem in October 2018.

Testing Fairtrade’s Labour Rights Commitments in South Asian Tea Plantations

This article looks at the effectiveness of Fairtrade’s labour rights commitments through the lens of convention theory. It zooms in on workers involved in the cultivation, harvest, and processing of tea as Fairtrade’s single most important plantation product. Based on data generated in 2016 through a mixed methods study on the role of Fairtrade certification for tea plantation workers in India and Sri Lanka, we find a wide gulf between living wages and plantation workers’ actual earnings, as well as a separation between Fairtrade’s role and trade unions. This “test” of certification standards as a compromise between “civic” conventions concerned with equality and productivity-oriented “industry” conventions suggests that, in actual certification practice, industrial conventions reign.

Critique of 'Analytical Framework for Examining the Value of Antibacterial Products'

In 2014 the Eastern Research Group, under contract with The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, produced a study entitled “Analytical Framework for Examining the Value of Antibacterial Products.” The study (ERG) concludes that there is a wide gulf between an Antibiotic (AB) development project’s value to the developer and its value to society, and that it is likely therefore that many socially desirable AB development projects are not undertaken. I argue in this paper that ERG’s estimates are seriously flawed and offer no support to the contention that governments should do more to promote the development of ABs. After correcting for some conceptual errors, I find that ERG’s assumptions imply that the private real internal rates of return on the six AB development projects they consider vary between 11.9 percent and 20.6 percent and all exceed ERG’s assumed real cost of capital for the pharmaceutical industry. Moreover, I find that ERG greatly overstates the social value of the AB development projects for several reasons, two of which stand out. First, the social discount rate employed is unjustifiably lower than the assumed private discount rate. And, second, ERG assumes the social value of treatment with a new innovative AB is equal to its gross treatment value less the value of a treatment with “commonly-prescribed ABs” despite the fact that not-commonly-prescribed innovative ABs already exist that treat virtually all pathogens currently in existence.

Geomorphological and paleoenvironmental evolution in the prehistoric framework of the coastland of Mondragone, southern Italy

Using morphological, stratigraphic, paleoecological and geoarcheological data, as well as radiocarbon datings, we reconstructed the evolution of the coastal plain of Mondragone, in the northern sector of the Campania Plain, during the last 40 kyr. The Late Pleistocene-Holocene morphodynamics of this coastland were mainly dictated by mutual interaction between tectonics, sea-level fluctuations, Quaternary volcanic eruptions, and subsidence. These processes also influenced the dynamics of prehistoric and proto-historic human populations. Actually, the discovery over the last 25 years of several archaeological sites referable to Upper Paleolithic-Early Iron Age as well as the recent finding of artifacts, fauna and, for the third time in Campania, of Neanderthal human remains in the Roccia San Sebastiano cave, demonstrates that the coastal plain of Mondragone had always hosted human settlements. This constant frequentation is confirmed by, both emerged and submerged, ruins of Roman age and Middle Ages, and the high level of urbanization of the modern town. The interpretation of four borehole stratigraphic sequences down to 22 m bgl, of microfossils analysis and sediment facies highlighted the succession of transition, from marine to freshwater, and continental paleoenvironments in this coastal plain. These wetlands developed in climatic conditions that varied from glacial (Würm) to postglacial phases. Some deposits are interpreted as marshy sediments accumulated in shallow, elongated ponds behind sandy beach or dunes, which existed almost up to the present. The reconstruction of landscape morphodynamic evolution shows that after the “super eruption” of the Campanian Ignimbrite (∼39 kyr BP) the physiography abruptly changed. A wide gulf characterized by gray tuff cliffs and facing northwest formed, along the littoral between the Garigliano and the Volturno river mouths during the volcanic stasis of the Phlegrean Fields, which lasted about ten thousand years after the violent ignimbrite eruption. In this period, the presence of Neanderthal and of a settlement in the Roccia San Sebastiano cave, at the foot of Mt. Massico, is proven by the findings of an excavation. Later (∼20 kyr BP - Holocene), subsidence and sea-level rise activated strong erosion processes due to the postglacial marine ingression, with a consequent rapid shoreline recession and the genesis of transition environments. Finally, according to the results of previous multidisciplinary research carried out on other Campania coastal plains, adjacent or not to the studied area, distinct generations of post-Campanian Ignimbrite - Holocene coastal lakes (lagoons, ponds) and waterlogged environments (marshes, quagmires) were recognized, slightly below and at the current sea-level.

Policing, data, and power-geometry: intersections of crime analytics and race during urban restructuring

A wide gulf separates research on race from research on data-driven governance in urban geography. On one hand, a variety of urban geographers expose the ways in which cities are differentiated alo...

Searching for Scalia in 2018: Measuring the 'Scalia-ness' of President Trump's Supreme Court Shortlist

With rumors of a retirement this summer on the Supreme Court, President Trump may have another chance to fulfill his campaign pledge to nominate justices “in the mold of Justice Scalia.” By initial accounts, he fulfilled that promise with the nomination of Justice Gorsuch, whose early tenure on the Court has been described as rather Scalia-like. Subsequently, the President has expanded his list of potential nominees to twenty-five. However, not all on that shortlist may be similarly “in the mold of Justice Scalia.” We thus updated our previous study measuring the Scalia-ness of the potential nominees. We added Judges Brett Kavanaugh and Amul Thapar. We improved the three original measures: originalism, textualism, and writing separately. We also added three additional measures that were characteristic of Justice Scalia: ghostwriting (the degree clerks play a role in writing a judge’s opinions); years as a law professor; and percentage of one’s life outside of D.C. Finally, for comparison’s sake, we included the lower court records of Chief Justice Roberts and Justices Alito, Sotomayor, and Gorsuch. We then used these variables to create two versions of the Scalia-ness Index. The simple version merely includes originalism and textualism, the most important and defining of Scalia’s traits. The complex version includes all six variables, but with originalism and textualism weighted significantly more than the other two process-based variables, and with the two background-based variables weighted the least. The results confirmed that as far as being a judge like Justice Scalia, the Trump short-listers are not created equal. In fact, there is a wide gulf between the top six and the rest. And of those top six, third through sixth place were lumped together, followed by a significant gap to second place, and then a rather hefty distance to the most Scalia-like of the short-listers. Given the abstractness of the Scalia-ness Index Scores, using percentiles we translated the scores into 2017 income and IQ scores. For example, for the complex Index, then-Judge Gorsuch would have been third with a 2017 income of $60,008, followed closely by three other judges ranging from $58,016 to $60,001. (The trailing short-listers ranged from $21,381 to $32,157, with then-Judge Roberts bringing up the rear.) As to the two judges ahead of Gorsuch, they were the equivalent of a 2017 income of $75,597 and $292,372, respectively. The simple Index produced similar results. If Scalia-ness had been an Olympic speed skating race, it would have been a boring one: the gold medal winner finishing all by himself, followed sometime later by the silver medalist all by himself, followed by a pack of four fighting for bronze, followed by everyone else lagging rather far behind. President Reagan used to say, “Trust, but verify.” Under the assumption that the best predictor of future behavior is past behavior, some judges empirically appear that they’ll be more Scalia-like than others if placed on the Supreme Court. Past Republican Presidents have often relied on too much trust and too little verification in judicial nominations, with disastrous results, including but not limited to David Souter and John Paul Stevens. We strongly recommend the White House demand proof of Scalia-ness. Here is some. Additionally, and more broadly, we argue that since data-driven decision-making has transformed the rest of the world, it should begin to play a more prominent role in decisions about judicial nominees. Doing so will provide more predictive power to the vetting process. The methodology we employ here provides an example of what could be done going forward.

The Gendered Ecology of Travel: De- and Re-territorialization in the T Version of La Vie de sainte Marie l'Égyptienne

The Gendered Ecology of Travel:De- and Re-territorialization in the T Version of La Vie de sainte Marie l'Égyptienne Monica Antoinette Ehrlich (bio) In medieval French literature, saints are among the most frequent travelers, and their voyages raise questions about the role ecology plays in shaping one's gendered identity. Saints like Gilles, Brendan, Louis, Nicholas, Alexis, Paule, Marie-Madeleine, Marie l'Égyptienne, and others take to the sea for various reasons: pilgrimage, evangelization, penitence, and—most interestingly—self-transformation.1 Several of these saints struggle in their early lives as they are expected to adhere to gender norms which impede them from pursing their personal desires, so they flee to new places where they have more freedom to live as they see fit. These new locations leave their mark on the saints who transform their identities by changing their relationship to their environments. When the Athenian prince Gilles refuses to marry, his barons tell him, "va tei en un buissun tapir/e deven moigne en un muster" ("go hide yourself in a thicket and become a monk in a monastery"; my trans.; Guillaume de Berneville ll. 328-29). If he is unwilling to abide by his society's gender norms, his only option is to abandon his inheritance and become a hermit. This scene of semi-forced exile demonstrates how medieval French hagiography posits the hermitage as a wild space exempt from societal norms. For female saints, the gendered implications of exile are all the more pertinent. Medieval women underwent deeper scrutiny in their travels since they were more at risk for rape and violence [End Page 21] (Webb 82). Women travelled much less frequently than did their male counterparts, but pilgrimage granted them some freedom of movement (78). Travelers frequently had to abandon all earthly ties, including family, and this personal sacrifice was often dramatized by invoking the environment. In Paule, a wealthy Roman widow leaves behind several children to embark on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. The physical separation of this mother from her children is reflected in topographical descriptions; the widening gulf between the shoreline, populated by her children who wail like animals ("braient" l. 285), and the boat on the sea, pregnant with future possibilities for self-transformation and change, represents the emotional void left in the children's lives following their mother's departure (Paule ll. 278-324). The anonymous late-twelfth-century T version of La Vie de sainte Marie l'Égyptienne likewise demonstrates the gendered implications of saintly travel, but with a more nuanced attention to the role ecology plays in identity formation and change.2 Criticism of Marie's Life focuses on her gender and sexuality (Gaunt, Howie, Burgwinkle, Miller, Robertson and Scheil), on her relationship to family and community and kinship structures (Campbell), on her physical and spiritual transformation (Robertson, Scheil and Tilliette), on her liminal status between various worlds and identity categories (Campbell, Howie, Miller and Scheil), and on her relationship to her environment (Howie, Miller and Scheil). While these critics have noticed Marie's transformation and her deep connection to her natural milieu, they have not fully articulated the profound role that environment plays in shaping her gendered identity. Using Gilles Deleuze's and Félix Guattari's concepts of de- and re-territorialization, I will demonstrate here how Marie's travels allow her to uproot herself from and root herself within ever-changing environments which, I argue, alter her relationship to the societies and landscapes that surround her and redefine her gendered identity. In A Thousand Plateaus, Deleuze and Guattari propose a new way of seeing the environment as porous, interconnected, and in flux. They show that life is dependent upon a complex mapping (12) of relations (53-54) between all forms of matter, all the way down to the molecular level. Bumble bees help flowers to reproduce [End Page 22] by spreading pollen, for example. Deleuze and Guattari use the term 'rhizome' to refer to this new perception of matter and being as symbiotic and mutually dependent. Whereas in the past, we have tended to perceive life in terms of arboreal relations—that is as sexual relations that can be mapped in family...

THE CHALLENGES OF CITIZEN DIPLOMACY IN NIGERIA PROJECT, 2007-2010

Promoting the general welfare of the people and securing citizens’ liberty is an incontrovertible project of any state’s policymaking. Therefore, Nigeria’s citizen diplomacy is one of the diplomatic drives of achieving this project. However, avid reader and scholar of the Nigerian polity will notice some national and international contradictions that have hampered the promotion of Nigerians’ welfare and security, and thus challenging the positive image perception of the country. Therefore, the task of the paper is tounderscore the challenges clogging the wheel of citizen diplomacy towards achieving Nigeria project, and to enunciate the way forward for Nigeria’s regeneration. Utilizing both primary (direct observations, interviews and focus groups) and secondary (literature and document reviews) methods of data collection, which are qualitatively and systematically analyzed through inductive approach, the study reveals an obvious wide gulf between the Nigerian State and its citizens. The paper posits that this intricately complementary domain aids the country’s image crisis.Among all other things, the paper recommends a comprehensive publicity of the concept of citizen diplomacy and a concerted institutional conspiracy in fighting corruption. Hence, enhancing the welfare of the Nigerian citizens, as well as, improving the rebranding efforts of Nigeria will be a mirage.

Modelling the dynamics of economic development driven by agricultural growth in Patna Region, India

Regional planning primarily aims at reducing the disparity in socio-economic status of the people, and the wide gulf between urban and rural life. A planning region or an area comprises of many complex structures and behavioural phenomena which more or less change with time due to some external forces acting upon or the internal forces acting within the regional system. While planning for the development of a region, the well-known phenomena and structures within the regional system can be considered. Further, the sustainable economic development of a region can only be achieved by ensuring the optimum utilization of resources. This requires plausible policy planning guidelines and feasible development plan, for which thorough grassroots level investigation is essential. In this present investigation, an attempt has been made to evolve a set of plausible policy guideline and recommendations for the sustainable economic development of Patna region, by considering it as a system, and considering the important control parameters of its subsystems.

Formalising artisanal and small‐scale mining: insights, contestations and clarifications

In recent years, a number of academic analyses have emerged which draw attention to how most artisanal and small‐scale mining (ASM) activities – low‐tech, labour‐intensive, mineral extraction and processing – occur in informal ‘spaces’. This body of scholarship, however, is heavily disconnected from work being carried out by policy‐makers and donors who, recognising the growing economic importance of ASM in numerous rural sections of the developing world, are now working to identify ways in which to facilitate the formalisation of its activities. It has rather drawn mostly on theories of informality that have been developed around radically different, and in many cases, incomparable, experiences, as well as largely redundant ideas, to contextualise phenomena in the sector. This paper reflects critically on the implications of this widening gulf, with the aim of facilitating a better alignment of scholarly debates on ASM's informality with overarching policy/donor objectives. The divide must be bridged if the case for formalising ASM is to be strengthened, and policy is to be reformulated to reflect more accurately the many dimensions of the sector's operations.

Stanje okoliša slovenskog dijela Jadranskog mora

Slovenian part of the Adriatic Sea is its most northern part which occupies approximately 200 km2 and is a part of the wider Gulf of Trieste. Slovenian coast consists of 47 kilometers of mostly steep, abrasive marl and sandstone coast. Low accumulation coast is located only at the mouths of the watercourses and represents but a smaller portion, whereas the smallest part is occupied by the limestone abrasion coast. Mainland coastal region is mostly hillside and has a very diverse relief, while plains, in smaller numbers, are located only in the lower parts of the river valleys. Slovenian sea indents the mainland by two larger gulfs: the Gulf of Koper and of Piran and is predominately very shallow. The average depth is around 18 m and the largest depth is 38 m at the Madona cape near Piran. Sea bottom is mostly covered by the thick layer of sediments deposited after the abrasion of the steep cliff coast and by the accumulation of the river alluvium. Due to its shallowness the sea is exposed to high temperature fluctuations and due to the fresh water influx also to the changes of its salinity.The circulation of the sea water is mainly induced by the tide and wind activities, mostly the Bora (strong north-easterly wind) which significantly influences the vertical circulation of the water. Water current is weak and unstable. There is a large influx of nutrients into the Slovenian sea, resulting from the soil erosion, surface water influx, watercourses and direct emissions of waste waters into the sea. The consequence of the mentioned sea characteristics is a great landscape sensitivity of the coastal sea ecosystem. During summer the sea warms intensely and when accompanied by the weak water circulation, we are often witnessing the lack of oxygen in the deeper layers of the water, intensive algae growth and sea blooming, which points to exceeded self-cleaning (assimilation) capacities of the marine ecosystem.The major polluters are the coastal towns of: Koper, Izola, Piran and Portorož, nautical tourism with marines, naval traffic and the port activity of the Luka Koper. The pressures on the marine ecosystem due to the human activities are still increasing, both on the mainland and in the sea, despite some measures to reduce the pollution. According to the assessment of the Mediterranean action plan (UNEP-MAP), Slovenian coastal sea is, due to its oceanographic characteristics and the economic activities influence, ranked among the most sensitive and endangered parts of the Mediterranean. Environmental state of the Slovenian part of the Adriatic Sea will try to be presented through the DPSIR model or the amended Integral Model of Geographical Study of the Environment and its Components.

Corruption vs. corruption scandals in New Zealand: bridging a wide Gulf?

ABSTRACTNew Zealand has experienced a plethora of political corruption scandals over the past several years. Newspapers have increasingly featured the term ‘corruption’ to describe a wide range of allegedly ostensibly scandalous activities. Are corruption and corruption scandals related? Is New Zealand developing a culture of political scandals? What are the long-term political implications of this trend, given that New Zealand has arguably been one of the perceived least corrupt country in the world, according to such measures as Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index? This necessarily impressionistic study examines the role of the media and the public presentation of specific ‘corruption’ scandals on the potentially changing receptivity of the New Zealand public to such scandals, with a view to clarifying the starting point of this complex relationship between public perceptions and political behaviour.

Public Opinion and the Depth of Labour's Crisis

AbstractLabour's current problems are the culmination of long‐term trends flowing from the rising cost of tax‐funded services and welfare and voters’ mounting resistance to higher taxes to pay for them. As a result of this, there is now a big gulf between the attitudes of Labour party members, and in particular the supporters of Jeremy Corbyn, and Labour voters—and an even wider gulf with the extra voters Labour needs to win a future election. This gulf is also wide in relation to a range of other issues, including immigration, education and economic ideology. For Labour to return to government, it needs not just to narrow the gulf in policy, but to persuade voters of its ‘valence’ virtues of trust and competence—qualities in relation to which Labour currently lags the Conservatives by large margins.

Truth Seeking AND Sense Making: Towards Configurational Designs of Qualitative Methods

Within the qualitative social sciences, we can detect a wide gulf between those who strive for revealing “the truth” about the social world on the one hand and those whose goal is to “make sense” of it on the other. The former apply methods which are implicitly or explicitly rooted in positivist or realist epistemologies and ontologies whereas the latter apply methods based on constructivist or interpretative epistemologies and ontologies. Some of the characteristic expressions of this gulf can be found in the work of Goertz and Mahoney who exclude interpretative approaches in their characterization of qualitative research. This is mirrored by Yanow who insists on the distinctiveness of interpretative research. Nevertheless, a closer view reveals that on both sides, among ‘truth-seekers’ and among ‘sense-makers,’ we find quite distinct research goals, epistemological principles, and ontological presumptions, as well as a broad spectrum of methods of data collection/creation and methods of data analysis/interpretation. The major claim of the following contribution is that the internal diversity within both camps makes it possible to develop a plurality of coherent qualitative methods which allow to strive for truth-seeking and sense-making at the same time.

Earth Incorporated: Centralization and Variegation in the Global Company Network

abstractOver the past twenty years, a widening gulf has appeared between the increasingly internationalized financing arrangements of the world’s leading corporations and the persistence of nationally compartmentalized approaches to the study of corporate control. In lieu of direct empirical evidence on corporate control at the global level, the most widespread assumption is that the globalization of ownership has taken the form of an expansion of arm’s-length, market-based arrangements traditionally prevailing in the Anglo-American economies. Here, however, we challenge this assumption, both empirically and conceptually. Empirically, we show that three-quarters of the world’s 205 largest firms by sales are linked to a single global company network of concentrated (5 percent) ownership ties. This network has a hierarchically centralized organization, with a dominant global network core of US fund managers ringed by a more geographically diverse state capitalist periphery. Conceptually, we argue that the this architecture can be broadly explained through a Polanyian variegated capitalist model of contradictory market institutionalization, with the formation of the global company network actually a counterintuitive product of global financial marketization. In order to understand this process of network formation, however, it is necessary to extend Polanyi’s model of a double movement, mediated through political interventions in the market, to incorporate Veblenian processes of evolutionary institutional change, mediated through the market.

Stanley Gregory

Stanley Gregory

The Right Not to Hold a Political Opinion: Implications for Asylum in the United States and the United Kingdom

This article analyzes the vastly different approaches taken by the United States Supreme Court and the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom toward asylum claims based on political neutrality. In the recent case of RT (Zimbabwe) v. Secretary of State for the Home Department (UKSC 38 (2012)), the U.K. Supreme Court ruled in favor of several apolitical Zimbabweans who sought asylum in the U.K. on the grounds that they would be tortured if they refused to swear allegiance to the Mugabe regime if deported. This case stands in stark contrast to the U.S. Supreme Court decision in INS v. Elias-Zacarias (502 U.S. 478 (1992)), which denied asylum to an apolitical Guatemalan man who fled to the U.S. after resisting the recruitment efforts of guerillas fighting a civil war against the government. This article uses these two seminal cases to illustrate the wide gulf between U.S. and U.K. jurisprudence in their reliance on international human rights norms and foreign law. In RT (Zimbabwe), the U.K. Supreme Court referenced numerous human rights treaties, as well as the jurisprudence of several common law countries (including the United States) in holding that those who choose not to express a political opinion – for whatever reason – are entitled to the same protection from persecution that extends to the politically active and vocal. In Elias-Zacarias, on the other hand, the U.S. Supreme Court did not cite any international or foreign law. Its decision was based entirely on statutory interpretation of the U.S. law governing asylum. This article contributes to the literature on the human rights approach to asylum law, which argues that domestic courts considering asylum claims should be guided by the norms promoted in human rights treaties. RT (Zimbabwe) embraces this approach; Elias-Zacarias ignores it. This contrast begs the question that this article interrogates: does the human rights approach to asylum law make a difference to asylum-seekers? It approaches this question through a counterfactual analysis: would Mr. Elias-Zacarias have obtained asylum before the U.K. Supreme Court, and how would the claimants in RT (Zimbabwe) have fared before the U.S. Supreme Court? In addition, this article suggests how U.S. courts might rely on the rulings of their sister signatories to the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees in ways that would promote a uniform interpretation of that treaty across national borders. It also suggests ways that lawyers representing refugees in the United States might utilize a human rights-based approach to refugee law to benefit clients. And finally, it considers whether one of the factors contributing to the effectiveness of human rights treaties is the adoption of the human rights approach to asylum law by the domestic courts of a ratifying country.

Norman Winfrid Moore (1923–2015)

Norman Winfrid Moore (1923–2015)