Wide Variety Of Different Applications Research Articles

Statistical description of non‐coherent automatic gain control

AbstractAutomatic gain control (AGC) is an important function in many different systems. It is the objective of this paper to introduce an analysis method for the statistical tracking performance of non‐coherent AGC. The method presented can easily be adapted to a wide variety of different applications and systems, e.g. the power control in communications networks such as CDMA systems, or the design of gain control circuits along receiver down‐conversion chains possibly including analogue‐to‐digital conversions.We describe the fluctuation of the controlled gain by stochastic differential equations. For some typical operational cases the physical probability density function of the AGC gain variation is compared with different approximation techniques, i.e. the Fokker‐Planck (F–P) approach and the assumption of Gaussian distributions. The limitations of the approximation methods are emphasized because in telecommunications literature the F–P method is often applied without sufficient verification of the actual conditions for the method's applicability.

An Overview of Sequence Comparison: Time Warps, String Edits, and Macromolecules

A wide variety of different applications lead to problems in which sequences of different lengths must be compared, to see how different they are, and to see which elements in one sequence correspond to which elements in the other sequence. Successful methods for handling these problems been repeatedly reinvented which incorporate two basic ideas a systematic concept of distance between sequences, and elegant recursive algorithms for doing the necessary computations. The major application areas are speech processing and macromolecular biology. Computer science is another significant application area, and applications have also been made to bird song, handwriting analysis, gas chromatography, geological strata, and text collation. This paper surveys the applications, methods and theory of sequence comparison.