Wi-Fi Connection Research Articles

Water monitoring system design for data collection at specific intervals via cloud application

With the growing issue of water pollution and resources, the need for a remote water monitoring system has never been more crucial. The implementation of remote monitoring systems has a growing interest in the current technology development. This project aims to design a water monitoring system via cloud application. Based on previous research and papers written on the topic, a few system designs have been theorized but not implemented. In this project, the data is transmitted through the combination of LoRa and Wi-Fi connection. The system is also powered by rechargeable battery and solar panels. The communication using long range achieved a distance test of 898 m. The full system has the capability to be deployed in a distance and have the data collected uploaded to a cloud. A web server accessed through the local IP address serves the user interface that provides current data of the water parameters.

Evaluating the effects of a high-tech call system on patient-staff communication.

Evaluating the effects of a high-tech call system on patient-staff communication.

Smart Home Automation System

This paper presents a low cost, flexible and scalable Smart Home Automation System based on Arduino Technology and Wi-Fi connection, in addition to apply specific techniques for reduction of power consumption and load management. The system will be accessible anywhere, anytime for controlling and monitoring. This study relies on Arduino Technology and Node-MCU boards, the electrical appliances are connected to a cloud database that communicates with the user by an android application connected to the internet. A prototype for a specific house has been built, the proposed system is able to control all home electrical units and appliances like: lighting, sockets, HVAC units, fire, gas and intruder siren systems, in addition to monitor the real time power consumption, the house PV system generation and the current room's temperature and humidity. Furthermore, the system is able to reduce power consumption using predefined algorithms.

Antidrone Wireless Personal Shield

The evolution of small drone technology raises new challenges regarding personal privacy due to the acquisition and flight of unlicensed small drones. Many of these small drones are controlled over Wi-Fi connection making them inexpensive and easy to control. Latest discoveries in vulnerabilities of wireless network protocols give us the advantage to use cyber-attacks as a method of defense. This paper is addressing general audience on how to create a personal shield against small drones with the advantage of being nonintrusive to the other surrounding wireless networks and, at the same time, protecting your personal privacy of a rogue drone.

Occupancy data at different spatial resolutions: Building energy performance and model calibration

Occupancy is a significant area of interest within the field of building performance simulation. Through Bayesian calibration, the present study investigates the impact of the availability of different spatial resolution of occupancy data on the gap between predicted and measured energy use in buildings. The study also examines the effect of occupancy data on the quality of the constructed prediction intervals (PIs) using the Coverage Width-based Criterion (CWC) metric. CWC evaluates the PIs based on both their coverage (correctness) and width (informativeness). This investigation takes the form of an actual building case study, with nine months of hourly measured building electricity use, WiFi connection counts as a proxy for occupancy, and actual weather data. In general, the building energy model’s accuracy improves with the occupancy and plug-loads schedule derived from WiFi data. Specifically, the Coefficient of Variation Root Mean Square Error (CV[RMSE]) reduced from 37% to 24% with an exponential improvement in the PIs quality compared to the results obtained with ASHRAE 90.1 reference schedules. However, the increase in prediction accuracy shrank to 5% CV(RMSE) and a comparable CWC upon calibrating the base loads of the reference schedules. Increasing the spatial resolution from building aggregated to floor aggregated occupancy data worsened the CV(RMSE) and CWC, suggesting trade-offs between parameter uncertainty and model bias/inadequacy. These results contribute to our understanding of the interactions between model complexity, simulation objectives, and data informativeness, facilitating future discussions on the right level of abstraction when modeling occupancy.

A New Concept of Product Design by Involving Emotional Factors using EEG: A Case Study of Computer Mouse Design

Product design has long been developed based on reliability and usability, but has neglected the objective measurement in terms of pleasurable experience. This paper presents a new concept of product design, with application in computer mouse design, which not only considers the performance of its functional factor but also emotional factor. A survey involving 153 respondents showed that 75.16% of respondents consider ergonomic / comfort factor as the most important factor, followed by precision factor with 58.17%, and noise factor with 15.03%. Furthermore, a survey of pairewise comparisons were conducted to assess the level of importance of the emotional factor. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to process weightage, resulting in stress = 0.27, focus = 0.279, engagement = 0.29, and interest = 0.265. Finally, the emotional level of 5 different mouse units was assessed through experiments using the EEG Emotiv 16 Channels system 10-20. There are three stages in assessing the mouse which were carried out using the 5 samples, namely the level of interest, the stage of using (ergonomics, focus) t, and the stage of user experience (engagement). From the average measurement of the EEG value, it was found that interest = 57.8 (scale 0-100) on a mouse that has an elegant shape, striking color, and with wifi connectivity, focus & stress because the size fits the shape of the hand and the level of cursor precision, while engagement follows the other three emotional factors. It can be concluded that brain signal exploration through Emotiv's EEG is able to quantify the emotional factor in product selection through the phase of attraction, use and experience.

Multi-criteria decision analysis towards robust service quality measurement

ImportanceThe role of airports is critical for a region in which it is viewed as an engine for the economic development. Facilities, infrastructure, information and in general the services offered by an airport represent the fuel for this engine. Evidently, customers and travelers expect standard-quality services that need to be framed and measured. Therefore, services in airports should be quantified and maintained, accordingly. ObjectivesThis article reports a case study for evaluating quality of services offered by five main airports located in Spain. Quality of service was modelled based on a number of factors such as convenience, comfort, courtesy of staffs, information visibility, prices, security, and transportation facilities. The grey based multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was employed towards a reliable evaluation process by airport experts and to accommodate the several qualitative and conflicting evaluation factors with distinct definitions. To this end, Grey Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA-G) and grey Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to COmpromise Solution (MARCOS-G) methods were applied for quantifying relative weights of decision factors and rating airports, respectively. Several sensitivity analysis, simulations, and comparisons were conducted for verifying the preciseness of the revealed results. FindingsResearch findings demonstrate that the proposed SWARA-G-MARCOS-G-based methodology (i) enables decision makers to express their preferences clearly; and (ii) attenuates the embedded subjectivity and uncertainty within the decision-making process. In addition, they revealed that access to the parking and Wi-Fi connection are amongst the critical factors in evaluating service quality of airport. ContributionThis paper contributes to related literature in presenting a novel decision-making approach for measuring service quality of airports, validated via a real-case study. The employed interval and linguistic grey variables allow experts, in airport operations, to express their opinions with higher flexibility and comfortability. The presented model could be re-applied for other studies or practical cases as a user-friendly decision support system.

THE USING OF WHATSAPP IN TEACHING PRONUNCIATION PRACTICE TO THE THIRD SEMESTER STUDENTS OF TADRIS ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM IN IAIN PALU

This research focuses on the using of WhatsApp in teaching pronunciation practice to the third semester students of Tadris English Study Program in IAIN Palu. The research question is “How is the using of WhatsApp in teaching Pronunciation Practice to the third semester students of Tadris English Study Program in IAIN Palu?” This is a qualitative research by using two instruments of data collections namely questionnaire and interview. The participants consisted of 19 third semester students of Tadris English Study Program of State Institute for Islamic Studies (IAIN) Palu. The researcher conducted five meetings of Pronunciation Practice class to the participants via WhatsApp before distributing the questionnaire and interview sheet. The questionnaire consisted of five questions by applying Likert Scale, while the interview consisted of ten questions. From the questionnaire and interview, the researcher concludes that the using of WhatsApp in teaching Pronunciation Practice to the third semester students of Tadris English Study Program in IAIN Palu is practical. The students could understand the material shared via WhatsApp in the form of documents shared, videos shared, as well as voice recording shared. They could use the features in WhatsApp well such as sharing documents, voice notes, sharing videos, video call and so on in learning pronunciation practice. The students like Pronunciation Practice Class and enjoy studying it via WhatsApp. Learning Pronunciation Practice via WhatsApp has some advantages such as time flexibility as well as structured and easily accessed materials. However, it also has some limitations such as internet data availability and video call limitation. Besides, the participants faced several obstacles in learning Pronunication Practice via WhatsApp, such as the limitation of smartphone memory to save files, down internet server, and unavailability of internet data. Nevertheless, they could passed those obstacles well by deleting some unused files to give more space to the memory and finding out wifi connection to stay connected to WhatsApp when the server was down or they ran out of internet data. They could understand the teaching of Pronunciation Practice via WhatsApp by downloading and reading the documents shared, the videos shared, and the voice recording shared by the lecturer. When they found a difficulty, they asked their friends or the lecturer via WhatsApp group.

Self-Balancing Robot Navigation

Human activity has been increasing, to support the activity, people in the modern era create robots to replace some human activities. The interest in two-wheeled balance robots has continued to increase, this is because it is highly maneuverable, making it efficient for use in various areas. In this study, the online navigation of a two-wheeled self-balancing robot is done. The connection between the robot and online navigation is using a Wi-Fi connection. The world model base on the real room is created by Gazebo and then visualized in RVIZ. The map creation and navigation process are handled by the package provided by ROS. The results of the simulation and real tracking show that the robot can move from the starting point to the destination point in either a straight or a curved path. The difference of the final position of the robot between simulation and real tracking is only (15.4 cm, 4 cm) and (9.6 cm, 43 cm) for the straight and curved path. This result proved that online navigation can be used to navigate an autonomous robot without real navigation sensors.

NB-IoT and Wi-Fi Technologies: An Integrated Approach to Enhance Portability of Smart Sensors

The Internet of Things paradigm has expanded the possibility of using sensors ubiquitously, particularly if connected to a cloud service for data sharing. There are several ways to connect sensors to the cloud: wearable or portable devices often lean on a smartphone that acts as a gateway, while other sensors, such as smart sensors for continuous monitoring (e.g. fall detectors) are connected through wireless networks covering a limited area (e.g. ZigBee or Wi-Fi). Their functionality can be improved using them in both outdoor and indoor environments without other devices. NB-IoT is a recently introduced wide-range protocol with a good compromise between low power, low deployment costs, payload length, and data rate. Traditionally, sensor nodes rely on only one type of radio: an innovative solution could be a sensor node exploiting a combination of different transmission technologies with the aim of achieving higher portability. In this paper, a hybrid solution based on NB-IoT/Wi-Fi is presented. The Wi-Fi connection is primarily selected due to its lower power consumption (compared to NB-IoT), while NB-IoT is activated only when a Wi-Fi network is not available. This study aims to evaluate the power consumption of the proposed solution with respect to single radio NB-IoT technology. Test boards have been implemented, and several data transmission tests have been carried out with both NB-IoT and Wi-Fi radios. Different received powers and payload lengths have been considered to analyze the impact on the energy profile of smart sensors. It has been demonstrated that using NB-IoT for both indoor and outdoor leads to an acceptable battery discharge time, with a strong dependence on the payload length. Under certain conditions, the proposed hybrid solution results in a battery duration up to two times higher than single-radio NB-IoT.

БАРЬЕРЫ В РАЗВИТИИ УМНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ (SMART EDUCATION): СПЕЦИФИКА СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНОЙ СРЕДЫ РОССИИ

Smart Education is the most advanced stage of the evolution in education associated with new information and communication technologies. The world is forming a new technical and technological reality. Digital media technologies (smartphones, wi-fi connections) penetrate into open spaces of cities and towns (parks, gardens, etc.). Modernity dictates the need for a person to acquire such knowledge and skills that should allow him not only working effectively, but also spending his free time productively. This situation is not entirely new, but it makes researchers find solutions for further implementation of smart technologies in the education system in order to search for the most appropriate answers to this challenge. Russia needs to accelerate the transition to education of the future, which involves the modernization of all educational processes. The presented research touches upon the issue of the development of Smart Education in Russia. The paper reveals the current state and identifies the key barriers in the development of smart education in the world. The empirical basis of the work is a sociological survey conducted in March-June 2018. The survey used the technique of semi-formalized interviews with representatives of five groups of stakeholders: government officials, heads of organizations, teachers, students and researchers. The educational system of Tomsk (Russia) affects the interests of all above mentioned stakeholders. The survey was aimed at the determination of the role of Smart technologies in education, their importance, barriers and prospects of implementation. The article presents the results of a sociological study that revealed the position of stakeholders in relation to various aspects of the socio-cultural environment that has an impact on the formation of smart education in Russia. The evaluation of the results of the implementation of smart city and smart education projects in Europe, America and Asia shows the presence of private success, which has not led to the formation of unambiguously positive examples of their implementation. Synergy, which unites the efforts of many participants of these projects, has not yet led to the realization of the ultimate goal – significant indicators in improving the quality of life of citizens. The comparative analysis of barriers to further development of smart education identified in the studies of foreign authors with the assessment of Russian stakeholders shows the existence of significant differences between them. The introduction of smart technologies in the life of Russian society is catching up. This leads to a rather superficial nature of acquaintance of Russian society of smart education and a lack of reflection on the barriers to its implementation.

Development and Evaluation of a Smartphone-Based Electroencephalography (EEG) System

The aim of the study was to design, develop and evaluate a general-purpose EEG platform which integrates with a smartphone. The target specification was a system with 19 EEG channels and data stored onto the smartphone via a Wi-Fi connection. The hardware was developed using three ADS1299 integrated circuits, and the game engine, Unity, was used to develop the smartphone app. An evaluation of the system was conducted using recordings of alpha waves during periods of eye closure in participants (Bland-Altman statistical comparison with a clinical grade EEG system). The smartphone was also used to deliver time-locked auditory stimuli using an oddball paradigm to evaluate the ability of the developed system to acquire event related potentials (ERP) during sitting and walking. No significant differences were found for the alpha wave peak amplitude, frequency and area under the curve for the intra-system (two consecutive periods of alpha waves) or inter-system (developed smartphone-based EEG system versus FDA-approved system) comparisons. ERP results showed the peak amplitude of the auditory P300 component to deviant tones was significantly higher when compared to standard tones for sitting and walking activities. It is envisaged that our general-purpose EEG system will encourage other researchers to design and build their own specific versions rather than being limited by the fixed features of commercial products.

Logistical Aspects of Different Online Teaching- learning Methods among Medical Students during COVID-19 in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Thrissur, Southern India

Introduction: Due to the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) lockdown implemented by the government, we had to transform our classes into the online sphere. The most commonly used methods of online teaching in Government Medical College, Thrissur were, live online lectures, PowerPoint presentations with narrations, prerecorded videos and assignments. Aim: To assess the logistical aspects, merit and demerits of different online teaching-learning methods among phase-1 medical student in a tertiary care teaching hospital during COVID-19 lockdown Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2020 to September 2020, among phase-1 MBBS students of Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India. Data was collected from 161 students through a questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part dealt with logistical aspects, like net connectivity, gadget, expenditure, financial burden, residence and eye strain with online teaching learning methods. The second part dealt with the merits and demerits of each type of teaching learning methods, according to the students. All statistical data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16. Qualitative data was expressed as a percentage. Results: A total of 97.5% population of students was able to frequently access the online classes. Online learning strained the eyes of 47.8% of students. Mobile phones were used by 92.5% of students for attending online classes internet connectivity was mainly through 4G (71.4%) followed by Wi-Fi (19.9%) connections. Their most preferred method of online learning was online live lectures (35.4%) followed by PowerPoint presentations with narrations (33.5%). Blended learning (online and traditional together) was best preferred method of learning (46.6%). Conclusion: Live online lectures and blended learning were preferred by the majority of students. Thus, the online classes can be continued along with the traditional teaching in future.

An Architecture Design of Auto Channel Switching Unit for Hybrid Visible Light Communication System

The revolution in multimedia devices has promoted indoor wireless communication in the last decades. Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) connections have expanded rapidly, and more than 5 billion devices have been connected to Wi-Fi each day since 2013, which causes system overloading. This bountiful usage of wireless devices has consumed an excessive amount of the radio spectrum, and the current standard for wireless communication is not able to provide enough capacity for indoor wireless traffic in the next decade. Wi-Fi currently holds 60% of the global traffic; however, secure communication for the internet of things (IoT) and spectrum congestion are two significant challenges for future communication development. Therefore, an affordable, secure, and fast medium for wireless communication is in urgent demand. It should be noted that the spectrum provided by visible light communication (VLC) can be thousands of times wider than the radio frequency (RF) spectrum. The challenge of spectrum congestion and the urgent demand for a high-speed medium can be solved through the application of visible light for indoor communication. It has been proved that each user can achieve a data rate of hundreds of Mbps in the congestion scenario through the application of VLC. But beside these advantages Li-Fi also have some limitations like unavailability in excess and in low light and also limited coverage due to walls and etc. To overcome these limitations the Wi-Fi and VLC hybrid network can be a good solution to continue using privileges of both technologies. A lot of research has been done to introduce a numerous techniques for such hybrid network but we are proposing Auto channel switching unit in this system which will be responsible for shifting and sharing data traffic on both Li-Fi and Wi-Fi channel.

Hands On

When you need to send data wirelessly, you have a lot of choices these days. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and cellular connections are some of the more common options, but a relatively new protocol is growing in popularity. LoRa provides low-power, low-bandwidth communications over medium ranges—between 2 and 15 kilometers, depending on how cluttered the environment is.

Teaching in the Age of the Essential Online Classroom: Pandemic Playwriting and the Emancipated Spectator

Unfortunately, the current state of emergency that has become the rule is not disappearing any time soon. [...]rather than treating the internet-based classroom as a temporary, bothersome detour, it might be time to embrace it as the place where we teach, as well as an opportunity to revamp how we teach, including within the physical classroom. Unsurprisingly, the online workshopping of plays through Zoom is not as effective as in-person workshopping, which is due not only to the lack of the physical presence of actors and spectators, but also to unreliable wi-fi connections, faulty laptops, and distracting cell phones. Students from the introductory Creative Writing course, however, were informally telling some of the more interesting personal stories during our Zoom sessions. [...]although the Creative Writing students had just begun studying writing for performance, I decided to utilize the assignment early in the course’s section on playwriting also. [...]many of my students, less privileged than me, had a keener sense of COVID-19’s dire impact on everyday life.

Multi-Criteria Prediction Mechanism for Vehicular Wi-Fi Offloading

The growing demands of vehicular network applications, which have diverse networking and multimedia capabilities that passengers use while traveling, cause an overload of cellular networks. This scenario affects the quality of service (QoS) of vehicle and non-vehicle users. Nowadays, wireless fidelity access points Wi-Fi access point (AP) and fourth generation long-term evolution advanced (4G LTE-A) networks are broadly accessible. Wi-Fi APs can be utilized by vehicle users to stabilize 4G LTE-A networks. However, utilizing the opportunistic Wi-Fi APs to offload the 4G LTE-A networks in a vehicular ad hoc network environment is a relatively difficult task. This condition is due to the short coverage of Wi-Fi APs and weak deployment strategies of APs. Many studies have proposed that offloading mechanisms depend on the historical Wi-Fi connection patterns observed by an interest vehicle in making an offloading decision. However, depending solely on the historical connection patterns affects the prediction accuracy and offloading ratio of most existing mechanisms even when AP location information is available. The present study proposed a multi-criteria wireless availability prediction (MWAP) mechanism, which utilizes historical connection patterns, historical data rate information, and vehicular trajectory computation to predict the next available AP and its expected data capacity in making offloading decisions. The proposed mechanism is decentralized, where each vehicle makes the prediction by itself. This characteristic helps the vehicle users make a proactive offloading decision that maintains the QoS for different applications. A simulation utilizing MATLAB was conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed mechanism and benchmark it with related state-of-the-art mechanisms. A comparison was made based on the prediction error and offloading ratio of the proposed mechanism in several scenarios. The MWAP mechanism exhibited a lower prediction error (i.e., below 20%) and higher offloading ratio (i.e., above 90%) than the existing mechanisms for several tested scenarios.

IoT-Based Interdigital Capacitance Sensing System for Damage Detection in CFRP-Concrete Structures

In this paper, we present an Internet of Things framework for structural health monitoring. The proposed system detects the delimitation and debonding in composite concrete structures: more specifically, develop an IoT-Based Non-Destructive Test (NDT) to detect debonding between Carbon Fiber sheets and Concrete slabs. An Inter Digital Capacitance Sensor is designed and fabricated to function as the primary detection element. The sensor is embedded within an IoT node that manages the measurement process, captures the measurement location automatically, and performs essential data filtering operations with an attached graphical interface that allows basic control and early-access to the measured data. The IoT node integrates within the larger framework via wireless WiFi connection throughout which the data is transferred and control functions are administrated. The paper presents the system design details including mathematical modeling for the capacitance sensing element, finite element simulation results, and practical setup measured data.

Impact of COVID-19 on English Language Teaching in Yemen: Challenges and Opportunities

This study examined the effect of COVID-19 on English language teaching as well as the steps undertaken by the Ministry of Higher Education in Yemen to cope with the challenges imposed by the spread of the pandemic throughout the country. To this end, a mixed-method design in which quantitative and qualitative approaches were used for collecting and analyzing the data of the study; a questionnaire was developed and sent online to the participants for the purpose of data collection. The sample of the study consisted of 120 students from selected Yemeni universities. The obtained data were analyzed via SPSS software in which the frequencies and percentages of the obtained responses were calculated. The analysis of the data revealed that English language teaching underwent an abrupt change because of the unexpected circumstances that were caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and several changes were also made to the curriculum, students' performance evaluation, and pedagogy. Besides, the findings showed that Yemeni students faced several challenges including poor Wi-Fi connection, lack of access to some learning websites, and the absence of some equipment necessary for online learning. Regardless of these challenges, most of the participants reported that they can manage to do their final evaluation online which indicates that if the online teaching methods are implemented properly, the online learning of the English Language during the pandemic period will be successful in the Yemeni universities. The present study provides recommendations which can be useful for EFL learners and teachers, decision-makers, teaching English and perhaps the entire teaching process in Yemen.

P140 TeCC (TeleMedicine, Cystic Fibrosis, Corona-Virus) study in a previous telemedicine-naive centre: clinical challenges, outcomes, and user experience in the first six months of a global pandemic

Background: COVID-19 made it necessary to establish telemedicine as a first default for reviews in a previously telemedicine-naive clinic. Objectives: To establish and assess telemedicine in the first 6 months of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Utilising a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach, we established a ‘Covid Pack’ of medical equipment (sent to each patient) and a suitable video conference platform to replicate the in-person clinic format. The virtual clinic was then rolled out (94 patients reviewed in the first 6 months). A retrospective chart review comparing patients’ clinical metrics pre- and post-rollout was then conducted. Usability and Acceptance were also measured with patients (p) and staff (s) via a number of standardised surveys: System Usability Scale (SUS), TeleHealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ), IT Familiarity, and our own quality-survey. Results: The Covid Pack permits adequate spirometric assessment of patients (mean bias −2.5%). Preliminary data collected from 52 patients and 11 staff members show an overall positive response to our remoteclinics. The SUS received a median score of 90 (p) and 87.5 (s) out of 100. The TUQ received a total score of 6.52 (p) and 6.1 (s) out of 7, with ease of Use and Learnability as the highest-rated category in the TUQ (median 7, range 3.6–7) and Reliability as the lowest-rated category (median 5.33, range 2–7). The IT Familiarity questionnaire received an average median score of 1 (very familiar) from both groups. Qualitative data collected via a custom survey show that while patients and staff are positive to the convenience of the remote clinic, the facility for an in-person. face-to-face review remains important, as does good WiFi connection. Conclusion: Initial 6-month data are positive for the remote clinic as a first default during the pandemic. Preliminary data shows a positive trend for the usability and acceptance by all stakeholders, but it is not a replacement for physical clinics.