Whole Of Government Research Articles

Effectiveness of the Whole-of-Government Approach in Overcoming Cross-Sectoral Problems in Makassar City

The aim of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Whole-of-Government (WoG) approach in overcoming cross-sectoral problems in Makassar City as well as identify the challenges faced and provide policy recommendations to improve public sector collaboration. The research method used is a literature review, which allows the collection and analysis of various relevant and reliable literature sources. Literature was collected through academic databases such as Google Scholar, JSTOR, and PubMed. The analysis technique used is thematic analysis, where relevant information is grouped into themes that have been identified and synthesized to form a complete picture of WoG effectiveness. The research results show that the main challenges in cross-sector coordination in Makassar City include sectoral egos, lack of effective coordination mechanisms, communication barriers, and lack of resources and capacity. To increase the effectiveness of WoG, this research recommends building a collaborative work culture, developing formal and structured coordination mechanisms, improving communication systems, adequate resource allocation, policy synchronization, and implementing reward systems. It is hoped that the implementation of these recommendations can increase the effectiveness of implementing WoG in overcoming cross-sectoral problems in Makassar City, so that public services can run more optimally and efficiently.

The Whole-of-Government, Whole-of-Society Approach in Tackling COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: Evidence for Policymakers

: Some countries have adopted the whole-of-government (WoG), whole-of-society (WoS) approach to face the recent global crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. By applying the WoG approach, sectors beyond health have to work across boundaries to achieve an integrated government response to particular issues, such as global health emergencies. Furthermore, the WoS approach puts communities at the center of response, which is vital for effectively dealing with crises. The COVID-19 pandemic coincided with the toughest unilateral political and economic sanctions in Iran. Implementing preventive and restrictive strategies could be elusive without a tailored WoG-WoS approach. The National COVID-19 Committee (NCC) was established to foster necessary multi-sectoral collaboration to deal with the pandemic in Iran. Nonetheless, Iran faced seven waves of the COVID-19 pandemic so far, each one more devastating than the previous wave. As the NCC did not meaningfully engage with the representatives of civil society, it can be claimed that social participation in health promotion was sufficient in Iran. Applying WoG-WoS approaches could have facilitated better performance in dealing with the COVID-19 crisis; countries with better records in dealing with the recent pandemic have benefited from social mobilization and meaningful engagement with all sectors, including both state and non-state actors. We advocate the adoption of tailored initiatives to nurture such an approach in dealing with potential future crises in Iran and abroad.

Whole‐of‐government and joined‐up government: A systematic literature review

AbstractWe conducted a systematic literature review of 340 journal articles (1992–2021) pertaining to whole‐of‐government (WG) and joined‐up government (JUG)—two terms that denote public sector efforts to promote cross‐boundary work and restructuring. This review clarifies and renews our understanding of developments with respect to WG/JUG research. While JUG articles do not appear to be increasing, the number of WG articles is on a general upward trend. As of 2021, more WG articles were published on countries other than the Western nations typically recognized as centers for these reforms, signaling increasing global relevance of the topic. These articles were published in over 200 journals and span various policy spheres, suggesting the wide impact research can have. While the qualitative studies we reviewed update the list of recommendations for effective WG/JUG, large‐N hypothesis testing remains limited—a gap that can be addressed to generate robust knowledge on this topic.

Politics With Other Means: Aligning U.S. Military and Diplomatic Efforts in the Indo-Pacific Command Region

This paper offers potential answers to the question, “How does the United States effectively align military and diplomatic efforts to deter the People’s Republic of China expansionism in the Indo-Pacific Command region?” A problem/solution method is used to address the question. The need for alignment is demonstrated by a thorough review of national-level policy documents, and the current gap in the alignment of military and diplomatic efforts is demonstrated through review and analysis of primary and secondary sources. An historical approach is taken throughout the work to provide background and context from Chinese and United States (U.S.) perspectives. An analysis is conducted to juxtapose eastern and western approaches to geopolitical competition and war. Historic examples of U.S. successes due to strategically aligned application of its Diplomatic, Informational, Military, and Economic (DIME) Instruments of National Power (IOP) are analyzed, as well as historic failures due to dis-alignment. Structural options which facilitate the alignment of military and diplomatic efforts within Indo-Pacific Command (INDOPACOM) are outlined and compared, resulting in the author’s recommendation for implementation. Contrasting views are then addressed. Next, tailorable opportunities for global implementation of the recommended structural option are discussed. Lastly, an integrated Whole-of-Government (WOG) structural method is offered to support the oversight and achievement of national strategic objectives and provide the United States of America lasting and adaptable advantage across Great Power Competition (GPC) and beyond.

Whither the Whole of Government? The Trump Administration, National Security, and the Indo-Pacific Strategy

The Trump administration’s Indo-Pacific Strategy promised to make America more competitive, to challenge China’s revisionist global agenda, and to push back against the new ‘gray zone’ conflicts of great power competition. Fundamentally, the strategy required the government to exercise a Whole of Government (WoG) approach to bring to bear all elements of national power. Despite wide-ranging calls for WoG, the administration eschewed basic reforms, destroyed interdepartmental trust networks, and over time expelled the conduits of national security, pushing WoG more thoroughly into the military. While departmental emphasis on Indo-Pacific issues took place in the Trump administration, this occurred largely in isolation of grand strategic goals.

Governance Processes and Challenges for Reservation of Antimicrobials Exclusively for Human Use and Restriction of Antimicrobial Use in Animals.

The majority of antimicrobials that are produced are administered to animals, particularly food animals. While the overall impact of antimicrobial use in animals on antimicrobial resistance in humans and the environment is unclear, it undeniably has a role. Yet, some degree of antimicrobial use in animals is necessary for animal health and welfare purposes. Balancing the benefits and risks of antimicrobial use in animals is challenging because of the complexity of the problem and limitations in available data. However, a range of measures can be implemented to reduce, refine and optimize antimicrobial use in animals, with a goal of minimizing the impact on human and environmental health while maintaining necessary therapeutic use in animals. A pandemic instrument can provide the necessary foundation for the whole-of-society and whole-of government One Health approach that is required to strengthen surveillance, communication, collaboration, and action.

Sharing the Burden of Hybrid Threats: Lessons from the Economics of Alliances

ABSTRACT This article discusses the effects of the changing (hybrid) conflict environment on the burden sharing debate. We discuss the actions taken by both the alliance as the member states in repelling these threats, arguing that this mainly produces security outputs that are private or impure public. As the burden sharing literature currently lacks notions of hybrid threats, we believe the current modelling to be ill-suited to provide reliable assessments of member states’ burden sharing behaviour. We address this void by adjusting the Joint Product Model, extending a country’s security activities to a more inclusive ‘whole of government (WoG) approach’. We depart from this WoG model to stress the challenges associated with comparing the contributions of member states in countering these threats. This leads us to dispute the use of aggregate military expenditures as a main variable to measure a country’s degree of free riding. More and other types of (non-military) variables and proxy-indexes should be taken into account. The same remark goes for estimating the benefit-burden concordance within this framework of permanent non-linear state competition.

Catalysing innovation and digital transformation in combating the Covid-19 pandemic: Whole-of government collaborations in ICT, R&D, and business digitization in Singapore

IMPACT This article illustrates how collaborative partnerships between the public and private sectors played a critical role in developing and deploying innovative practices in Singapore to manage the Covid-19 crisis. The study provides some important lessons for the international community to reduce the impact of emergencies by leveraging collaborative partnerships for innovation.

Public services: a standard process model following a structured process redesign

PurposeDespite widespread adoption of business process reengineering (BPR) for better delivery efficiency of public services, a structured approach continues to elude the most value-adding phase of BPR: business process redesign. From another viewpoint, the rising currency of Whole-of-Government (WoG) and “shared services” initiatives signal an unmissable trend toward resource reuse across public service agencies (PSAs) through business process standardization (BPS). This research invokes BPS into process redesign to produce a process redesign framework (PRF) and deploys the same to build a standard process model (SPM) for services of the government of Albania (GoA).Design/methodology/approachThe methodology follows the design science research (DSR) paradigm, wherein best practices extracted from literature are synthesized with stakeholder inputs to design the PRF and SPM, both of which are then evaluated with case study research.FindingsAdoption of PRF/SPM on a WoG basis will not only reduce service lead time but also enable a variety of public services to share the same process, thereby further saving costs for GoA. The research outputs will accelerate reengineering and subsequent digitalization of public service operations.Research limitations/implicationsImplementing SPM will maximize resource reuse and help offer uniform and integrated public services to GoA's customers. It will also enable demand-driven staff mobilization across GoA agencies. The proposed PRF/SPM have limitations in that they consider only flow aspects of service processes with aspects of conversion being ignored.Originality/valueThis research fulfills the need for a systematic approach to process redesign and prepares GoA for a WoG treatment to its BPR efforts.

STRATEGI PENERAPAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK BERBASIS E-GOVERNMENT DI INDONESIA PADA ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0

Up to today, there are still several problems regarding public service in Indonesia, such as the low quality of service product, rare access for marginalized communities, and the extinction of service complaint hotline. One of the innovations to overcome this problem is by utilizing the e-goveernment in public services. This paper aims to identify the strategies in the optimalization of the e-government. There are some strategy that can be employed, i.e: 1) The implementation of One Portal Data System; 2) The use of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a guidance of e-government development; 3) Whole of Government (WoG) strategy in delivering services; 4) Implementation of Flexible Working Arrangement (FWA) for Civil Service; and 5) Optimizing the rule of Vocational School in developing working technology.

Arsip Dinamis Mendukung Whole of Government di Perguruan Tinggi

One of the Agenda 3 subject material, for participant in basic training of civil servant candidates (CPNS) Group III is Whole of Government (WoG). These CPNS are prospective young lecturers at various universities in Indonesia. The presence of WoG training subject, it is hoped that the prospective young lecturers can quickly actualize the concepts and implementation of WoG concepts in higher education in a policy perspective in Indonesia. Problems faced by Indonesia universities is the website ranking is still low based on Webometrics. The development of a website must have sufficient insight into the concept of Dynamic Archives, the concept of e-Government and the concept of WoG that are interrelated and have an impact. It is because of universities have vision and mission to become World Class University (WCU), and one of efforts to reach that by increasing the international ranking in Webometrics.

MAL OF PUBLIC SERVICES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF WHOLE OF GOVERNMENT (WoG) AND E-GOVERNMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN INDONESIA


 
 The objective of this research is to know the effectiveness of Public Service Mall development as the implementation of the Whole of Government (WoG) Practice and the application of e-government concept in Indonesia. This qualitative research is conducted by implementing literature study approach through which the researchers gathered various sources of information. In addition, researchers also used a textual approach to the implementation of the effectiveness of Public Service Mall, Whole of Government (WoG) Practice and e-Government Applications. The study begins with a history of WoG development, then a discussion of WoG transformation towards e-government implementation, followed with opportunities and challenges in implementing e-government to Public Service Mall as a manifestation of e-government implementation. The results show that the development of Public Service Mall as the implementation of WoG practices in line with the concept of e-government has been appropriate and supports the principle of excellent public services.
 
 

PROSPECTIVE CIVIL SERVANTS PERCEPTION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF WHOLE of GOVERNMENT (WoG) PROGRAMS.

08Aug 2018 PROSPECTIVE CIVIL SERVANTS PERCEPTION ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF WHOLE of GOVERNMENT (WoG) PROGRAMS. A.Farid Gaftan. East Java Education and Training Agency.

India's maritime security governance challenges: A decade after “26/11”

ABSTRACTConsequent upon the Mumbai attacks between 26 and 29 November 2008 (“26/11”) by Pakistan-based terrorists, the coastal (and maritime) security construct in India witnessed significant developments; perhaps, like no other decade in the history of independent India. As a result, key areas which found particular focus were: strengthening maritime governance by establishing inter-agency coordination mechanisms; capacity-building and capability-enhancement of maritime security agencies; developing Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) through electronic surveillance; greater oversight of activities in the maritime domain, particularly fishing; and, an inclusive approach to security by including communities and private bodies in the security-construct. These developments are indicative of a Whole-of-Government (WoG) approach to maritime security. As some major notable reports have indicated, despite these significant developments, challenges to maritime security governance remain. This paper encapsulates some of the salient developments since “26/11” and examines a few key findings from some of the studies, particularly on the aspects of maritime-security governance.

CITYGML MODELLING FOR SINGAPORE 3D NATIONAL MAPPING

Abstract. Since 2014, the Land Survey Division of Singapore Land Authority (SLA) has spearheaded a Whole-of-Government (WOG) 3D mapping project to create and maintain a 3D national map for Singapore. The implementation of the project is divided into two phases. The first phase of the project, which was based on airborne data collection, has produced 3D models for Relief, Building, Vegetation and Waterbody. This part of the work was completed in 2016. To complement the first phase, the second phase used mobile imaging and scanning technique. This phase is targeted to be completed by the mid of 2017 and is creating 3D models for Transportation, CityFurniture, Bridge and Tunnel. The project has extensively adopted the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)'s CityGML standard. Out of 10 currently supported thematic modules in CityGML 2.0, the project has implemented 8. The paper describes the adoption of CityGML in the project, and discusses challenges, data validations and management of the models.

Economic and quality of care evaluation of dialysis service models in remote Australia: protocol for a mixed methods study

BackgroundAustralia’s Northern Territory (NT) has the country’s highest incidence and prevalence of kidney disease. Indigenous people from remote areas suffer the heaviest disease burden. Concerns regarding cost and sustainability limit the provision of dialysis treatments in remote areas and most Indigenous people requiring dialysis relocate to urban areas. However, this dislocation of people from their family, community and support networks may prove more costly when the broader health, societal and economic consequences for the individual, family and whole of government are considered.MethodsThe Dialysis Models of Care Study is a large cross organisation mixed methods study. It includes a retrospective (2000–2014) longitudinal data linkage study of two NT cohorts: Renal Cohort 1- comprising approximately 2000 adults who received dialysis and Renal Cohort 2- comprising approximately 400 children of those adults. Linkage of administrative data sets from the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, NT Departments of Health, Housing and Education by a specialist third party (SA/NT Datalink) will enable extraction of activity, financial and outcome data. Interviews with patients, clinicians and service providers, using a snowball technique, will canvass relevant issues and assist in determining the full costs and impacts of the five most used dialysis Models of Care.DiscussionThe study uses a mixed methods approach to investigate the quantitative and qualitative dimensions of the full costs and outcomes associated with the choice of particular dialysis models of care for any given patient. The study includes a large data linkage component that for the first time links health, housing and education data to fully analyse and evaluate the impact on patients, their families and the broader community, resulting from the relocation of people for treatment. The study will generate a large amount of activity, financial and qualitative data that will investigate health costs less directly related to dialysis treatment, costs to government such as housing and/or education and the health, social and economic outcomes experienced by patients. This approach fills an evidence gap critical to health service planners.

Developing Islamic City through Network-of-Mosque (NoM)

Learning from the history, our prophet used mosque to provide many activities and served as community centre for the purpose of society welfare. Today, we can find the mosque everywhere but its function were limited and only used for religious and spiritual purposes. Thus, this conceptual program will develop the Islamic City through Network of Mosque. Network of Mosque can be used to create centre for transformation which can provide the services to the society. These services will include community classes, zakat collection and distribution, halal certification, and eating place for the hungry and needy. This conceptual program introduces to improve the quality of service through strategic partnership between government, industry, and society which will result to raise the entrepreneurs and lead to the prosperity. This program offers Quadruple Helix Model (QHM) which involves the Government, Academia, Industry, and Citizen as the main actor for this program. Nine blocks of Business Model Canvas (BMC) framework and Literature Review used as the methodology for this paper. To achieve its goals, this program collaborates and synergize with the Whole of Government (WoG). The findings of this paper show that the Mosque can facilitate and serve the society better by harnessing Network of Mosque, which guide to the developing Islamic City.

Post-NPM Governance Reforms: Insights and Implications

Since the 1980s, public administration in the ‘developed’ West was under the fascination of ‘neo-liberalism’ with its emphasis on the crucial role of the ‘Market’ as against the ‘State’ as the key control apparatus of society and economy. What emerged as the ‘governance’ philosophy came to be called the ‘New Public Management (NPM) with two theories of administrative reform underlying it, the public choice theory and neo-taylorism. The NPM as a model for public sector reforms stretched rapidly into many countries. However, later on, various concepts emerged in reaction to NPM contradictions. This paper is an attempt to recapitulate and reflect on the post-NPM governance concepts and reforms such as Joined-up Government (JUG), Whole-of-Government (WG), One-stop Government and Government 2.0 that have special bearing upon governance in general and e-Governance in particular.

Current state of public sector performance management in seven selected countries

PurposeThis paper seeks to extend the analysis of performance management regimes by Bouckaert and Halligan to other countries in order to contribute to the developing theory of forms and challenges in public sector performance management.Design/methodology/approachThe state of performance management and the context in which it has evolved is assessed in seven different countries using dimensions drawn from Bouckaert and Halligan's work along with elements from earlier work by Pollitt and Bouckaert. These are summarized in a table and comparisons made to generate additional insights into the factors that influence the shape and speed of public management evolution.FindingsThe paper finds that the Bouckaert and Halligan framework for analyzing public sector performance management is useful, albeit with some modifications. Specifically, it finds that administrative culture is a key factor influencing the speed of reform and that the attitude of elites (politicians and civil servants, in most cases) is also a vital piece of the puzzle that was not included in Bouckaert and Halligan, but did appear in the earlier framework of Pollitt and Bouckaert. It also finds evidence that economic and political crises occurring together accelerate the introduction of integrated performance management systems, but that trust in government does not appear to be a significant factor. Finally, the paper observes that, absent political crisis/commitment, governments will prioritise “external” performance measures such as customer service, participation and transparency objectives over “internal” performance measures such as financial, staff management and whole of government reporting.Originality/valueThe countries studied provide a rare insight into lesser‐known performance management regimes and the use of the Bouckaert and Halligan framework allows for comparisons to earlier (and future) research. The findings will be of interest to scholars in public administration reform and performance management.

Whole-of-government approach to information technology strategy management: Building a sustainable collaborative technology environment in government

The Whole of Government (WG) approach is increasingly seen as an imperative for delivering coherent and integrated policies, joined up and seamless services, and integrated program management in government. Although no generic WG framework currently exists, there are reported cases of WG initiatives by different governments. Grounded in existing theories, frameworks and cases related to inter-organizational collaboration, collaborative Electronic Government (EGOV) and joined-up government, this article describes how to build a collaborative IT Strategy Management (ITSM) environment based on the WG approach. The article first develops a WG model to identify the enabling elements for the WG approach. Next, it identifies the necessary conditions for creating a collaborative ITSM environment in government, applies the WG model to synthesize a set of generic requirements for implementing the WG approach, and presents a WG ITSM toolset to support the implementation. Finally, the generic WG-ITSM requirements are used to analyze a case study involving the WG-ITSM development in a city government. Based on the case study, the validity of the WG model and generic WG-ITSM requirements as well as the usefulness of the toolset are discussed. The article closes with the recommendations for the WG-ITSM practice and for further development of the WG framework.