Wheat Mite Research Articles

Purification of Barley Yellow Streak Mosaic Virus and Detection by DAS-ELISA and ISEM Using Polyclonal Antibodies

Skaf, J. S., and Carroll, T. W. 1995. Purification of barley yellow streak mosaic virus and detection by DAS-ELISA and ISEM using polyclonal antibodies. Plant Dis. 79:1003-1007. A purification procedure was developed for barley yellow streak mosaic virus (BaYSMV), the causal agent of a disease in barley and wheat. The procedure utilizes differential and density gradient centrifugation in Percoll gradients and yields highly concentrated virus preparations. These preparations were infectious in Nicotiana benthamiana. Electron microscopy of non-glutaraldehyde-fixed virus particles negatively stained or detergent-treated revealed the presence of a finely granular viral nucleocapsid and an envelope presumed to be lipoidal in nature. Internal cross striations characteristic of rhabdovirus particles were not observed. Concentrated virus preparations were used to produce rabbit polyclonal antibodies that were useful in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM) for the detection of the virus in barley, wheat, N. benthamiana, as well as in its vector, the brown wheat mite Petrobia latens. The virus was detected by ELISA and ISEM in the Pocatello Valley, Idaho, in 1992 and 1993, verifying our 1991 detection of the virus in the same valley. Leaf extracts from BaYSMV-infected barley or N. benthamiana plants injected via hypodermic needle and syringe were infectious, causing characteristic disease symptoms in barley. By contrast, viral nucleic acid preparations used to rub-inoculate N. benthamiana plants were non-infectious.

Control of Mites and Thrips in Turfgrass, Golden, Co, 1989

Abstract Trials were conducted on a turfgrass growing along the south facing slope of a roadway median that had a previous history of spider mite injury. Individual plots were 10-ft × 15-ft, arranged in a RCB design with 4 replications. A fall application was applied 28 Nov; spring treatments were applied 7 Apr. Treatments were applied using a hand-operated compressed air sprayer delivering 3 gal/1000 ft2. Evaluations were made by use of a D-Vac suction sampler, of 15-inch diameter, with six “put-downs” per plot. Samples were evaluated for brown wheat mites and grass thrips.

Mechanical Transmission, Partial Purification, and Preliminary Chemical Analysis of Barley Yellow Streak Mosaic Virus

Barley yellow streak mosaic virus (BaYSMV), shown previously to be transmitted to barley only by the brown wheat mite, Petrobia latens, was transmitted to Nicotiana benthamiana and Chenopodium quinoa by mechanical inoculation with sap from diseased barley leaves. Transmission of BaYSMV also occurred when leaf sap from diseased N. benthamiana was used to mechanically inoculate healthy N. benthamiana. No transmission occurred, however, when barley was mechanically inoculated with leaf sap from diseased N. benthamiana. BaYSMV was partially purified by centrifugation (...)

Control of a Mite, Lepidoglyphus destructor, Including Hypopi, in Wheat with Carbon Disulfide1

Colonies of mites, Lepidoglyphus destructor (Schrank), in glass tubes inserted into metal cylinders filled with wheat, were fumigated with carbon disulfide at a rate of 10 ml of CS2 per 0.125 m3 of wheat. Gradients of carbon disulfide concentrations were established in the grain so that it was possible to study the effect of six regimes of fumigant concentrations during 10 days on the mites. Fumigant concentrations of 2 mg of CS2 per liter, or more, maintained for 7 days were required to kill the mobile stages of the mites. However, the hypopi were controlled only with carbon disulfide at concentrations that exceeded 50 mg CS2 per liter on day 1 and declined to slightly more than 10 mg of CS2/liter at the end of 10 days. Carbon disulfide has some value for the control of these mites in wheat.

Further Evaluation of Acaricides for Brown Wheat Mite Control on Winter Wheat in Kansas, 1963–651

Sixteen acaricidal sprays were evaluated against Petrobia latens (Műer) in field experiments in western Kansas from 1963 through 1965. Single applications of dimethoate, parathion, demeton, Dasanit® (O, O -diethyl O -[ p- (methylsulfinyl) phenyl] phosphorothioate), carbophenothion, ethion, Tranid® (exo -5-chloro-6-oxo- endo -2-norbornanecarbonitrile O- (methylcarbamoyl) oxime), UC 19786 (2- sec -butyl-4,6-dinitrophenyl isopropyl carbonate), Niagara 10242 (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate), and diazinon reduced populations 77% or more approximately one week after being applied. With dimetilan, Isolan® (l-isopropyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolyl (dimethylcarbamate), Morestan® (6-methyl-2,3-quinoxalinedithiol cyclic S, S -dithio carbonate), GC 9879 (4-hydroxy-2-mercaptobutyric acid, gamma -lactone, S -ester with O,O -diethyl phosphorodithioate), tetradifon, and binapacryl mite populations were reduced 68% or less. In general, most treated plots yielded more seed wheat than untreated plots; however, increases were statistically significant in only I experiment.

Evaluation of Brown Wheat Mite Control on Yield of Winter Wheat in Kansas1

Evaluation of Brown Wheat Mite Control on Yield of Winter Wheat in Kansas1

Biology of the Brown Wheat Mite

In greenhouse studies brown wheat mites ( Petrobia latens (Mull.)) were confined individually in cages suspended on small gain plants. The average incubation period of active eggs ranged from 8.5 to 11.2 days. The time from hatching to adult required 9.8 to 11.0 days, two-thirds of this time being spent in quiescence between instars. The egg incubation period was more dependent on temperature than the larval and nymphal periods. Adult life ranged from 21.5 days in 1955 to 10.6 days in 1957. Egg production also varied greatly from year to year. Diapause eggs required moisture for hatching, but excessive amounts were detrimental to the other stages. In field studies in Utah and Idaho diapauses eggs were found to be the source of overwintered populations as well as populations that developed on grain crops in the fall. Mite populations on the plants varied greatly throughout a day, being greatest in the morning and evening when temperatures were between 70° and 80°F.

Tests with Acaricides against the Brown Wheat Mite12

Journal Article Tests with Acaricides against the Brown Wheat Mite Get access Chas. F. Henderson, Chas. F. Henderson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Elvin. W. TILTON Elvin. W. TILTON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 48, Issue 2, 1 April 1955, Pages 157–161, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/48.2.157 Published: 01 April 1955

The Brown Wheat Mite in Utah

The Brown Wheat Mite in Utah