Western Part Of Russia Research Articles

Bat (Chiroptera) viruses of Russia and neighboring countries

Aim. To analyze the diversity of bat viruses in Russia and neighboring countries. To identify the main vectors of these pathogens and possible ways of introduction into the territory of the Russian Federation.In Russia the RNA sequences of 36 Coronaviridae, 8 Rhabdoviridae and 3 Astroviridae have been obtained from bats. In neighboring countries, RNA/DNA sequences of viruses in bats have been found in Norway (2), Finland 14), Poland 42), Ukraine (8), Georgia (46), Kazakhstan (29), China (5.645) and Japan (109). The dsequences which have been discovered belong to 30 families (Table 1). An increase in the number of sequences obtained over the past year has been observed in Russia and China. The absolute majority of sequences belong to the Coronaviridae family (62.96 %).The available data on bat viruses in Russia indicate the need to develop and implement a state interdisciplinary programme dedicated to this problem. The greatest danger is posed by Rhabdoviridae: mortalities after infection have been recorded in Russia. The data obtained also indicate that the main vectors of viruses are representatives of the genera Eptesicus, Myotis, Nyctalus, Rhinolophus and Vespertilio. The risk of virus exchange and transmission is most likely to be between the western part of Russia and European countries.

Phylogenetic Analysis of Russian Native Sheep Breeds Based on mtDNA Sequences.

Eurasia is represented by all climatic zones and various environments. A unique breed variety of farm animals has been developed in Russia, whose territory covers a large area of the continent. A total of 69 local breeds and types of dairy, wool, and meat sheep (Ovis aries) are maintained here. However, the genetic diversity and maternal origin of these local breeds have not been comprehensively investigated. In this study, we describe the diversity and phylogeny of Russian sheep breeds inhabiting different geographical regions based on the analysis of complete sequences of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA). Complete mtDNA sequences of the studied sheep were obtained using next-generation sequencing technology (NGS). All investigated geographical groups of sheep were characterized by high haplotype (Hd = 0.9992) and nucleotide diversity (π = 0.00378). Analysis of the AMOVA results showed that genetic diversity was majorly determined by within-population differences (77.87%). We identified 128 haplotypes in all studied sheep. Haplotypes belonged to the following haplogroups: B (64.8%), A (28.9%), C (5.5%), and D (0.8%). Haplogroup B was predominant in the western part of Russia. A high level of mtDNA polymorphism in the studied groups of local sheep indicates the presence of a significant reserve of unique genotypes in Russia, which is to be explored.

Features of the Extreme Fire Season of 2021 in Yakutia (Eastern Siberia) and Heavy Air Pollution Caused by Biomass Burning

Yakutia (Eastern Siberia) is one of the most fire-prone regions of Russia, which is frequently affected by large-scale wildfires despite a relatively short warm period, which usually lasts from May to September. In 2021, Yakutia experienced the worst fire season over the last four decades. In this study, we investigate features of the extreme fire season, factors that promote extreme fire weather, and heavy air pollution caused by biomass burning in the region utilizing multiple satellite and ground-based observations along with reanalysis data and forward-trajectory modelling. The results demonstrate that the total number of hotspots (HS) in 2021 amounted to ~150,000, which is almost twice as much as the previous record year (2020). One of the main features of the 2021 fire season was the period of extensive growth of the number of HS, which occurred from 24 July to 12 August. High fire danger during the fire season was promoted by positive anomalies in monthly air temperature (August) and negative anomalies in monthly precipitation (May–July). August of 2021 in central Yakutia was the second most hot August (14.9 °C) during a 43-year NCEP-DOE Reanalysis record (1979–2021). In addition, the intensification of wildfires during August 2021 was associated with persistent high-pressure systems, which promoted dry weather conditions in the region by blocking the transport of moist air masses from the western part of Russia. The low wind speeds, observed in the center of a high-pressure system, led to the accumulation of wildfire emissions in the atmosphere, which significantly affect air quality in the region. The monthly mean aerosol optical depth values in July 2021 were 0.82 (MODIS MAIAC) and 1.37 (AERONET) which were 14.9 and 18.7 times higher than respective values of 2007 (the year with minimal wildfires in the Asian part of Russia and Yakutia). Based on aerosol index observations and forward trajectories, we demonstrate that smoke plumes originated from the study area were transported over long distances reaching the Ural Mountains in the west, Mongolia in the south, the North Pole in the north, and Alaska in the east, traveling the distances of ~2000–7000 km. Maximum spatial extent of the smoke plumes reached ~10–12 mln. km2.

Organization end redeployment regular regiments of Siberian in 1808-1811 years

The article examines the Siberian regular regiments of the early 19th century. The author studies the organization and redeployment of the Siberian regiments from 1808 to the Patriotic War of 1812, using the method of historicism. This paper uses little-studied sources showing the role of the regular regiments of Siberia during Russia's participation in the Napoleonic Wars, and provides data on the number of these troops. The objectives of the study are to study the movement of military units from Siberia to the western part of Russia and changes in the management of Siberian regular regiments in Siberia by 1808, as well as the trends in the social and national composition of these regiments. The redeployment of Siberian regular regiments to the European part of Russia took place in two stages: 1808-1809. and 1810-1811. 3 infantry, 2 dragoon and 2 jaeger regiments participated in the redeployment. These military units were located in the fortresses of the Siberian defense line. The organizers of the redeployment were Generals A.A. Skalon and G.I. Glazenap. That biography of Major General A.A. Skalon, chief of the Irkutsk Dragoon Regiment, which is associated with the command of the Siberian regular regiments and the organization of the withdrawal of troops from Siberia. Sam A.A. Skalon was born in Biysk, but his ancestors were from France. He was the organizer of the first redeployment of regular regiments from Siberia. The main responsibility for organizing the second redeployment of the Siberian regular units was assigned to Lieutenant General G.I. Glazenap. This general had proper military experience in organizing regimental quartering. In 1813, it was he who initiated the creation of the Omsk military Cossack school. The military leadership of the Russian Empire of that time believed that the main purpose of the redeployment of the troops of the Siberian units was to prepare for a new war with France, to protect the western borders of Russia. This operation was carried out successfully, the regiments were located in new locations. Thus, the most important military task was completed.

ДОЗЫ ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ ЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ПОСЛЕ ЧЕРНОБЫЛЬСКОЙ АВАРИИ

The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (NPP) in Ukraine on 26 April 1986 resulted in a significant release of radioactivity to the atmosphere, particularly of Iodine-131 (131I), with the greatest contamination occurring in Belarus, Ukraine, and western part of Russia. Increase in thyroid cancer and other thyroid diseases incidence in exposed population in these counties was the main health consequence of Chernobyl accident. Therefore, much attention was paid to the thyroid doses, mainly due to the 131I intake with foodstuffs during two months after the accident. This paper reviews the thyroid doses received by the population of the affected countries, both individual doses for subjects of radiation epidemiological studies and average doses for the population. Individual thyroid doses due to 131I intake varied up to 42 Gy and depended on the age of the person, region of residence at the time of the accident and cow’s milk consumption habits. The populationaverage thyroid doses among young children reached 0.75 Gy in the most contaminated area, Gomel Oblast, in Belarus. Intake of 131I was the main exposure pathway to the thyroid gland: its average contribution to the thyroid dose was more than 90 %. In addition to exposure from 131I, the intake of short-lived radioiodine (132I, 133I, 135I) and radiotellurium (131mTe, 132Te) isotopes, external irradiation from gamma-emitting radionuclides deposited on the ground, and 134Cs, 137Cs ingestion contributed to the thyroid doses, typically, not more than 10 %. Uncertainties associated with dose estimates, in terms of mean geometric standard deviation of individual stochastic doses, varied in range from 1.6 for doses based on individual-radiation measurements to 2.6 for ‘modelled’ doses. From a radiological point of view, 131I was the most important radionuclide that caused radiation exposure to the thyroid gland after the Chernobyl accident and an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer and other thyroid diseases among the exposed population.

Application of sociological methods in a comprehensive research of the socio-environmental problems of tourist territories

Tourism is one of economic activity that has been most affected by restrictions, connected with the COVID-19 pandemic, which in 2020–2021 has become the main factor in shaping the demand for the tourist product. As a result of quarantine restrictions, the number of tourists and the structure of the tourist flow have changed. The pandemic has impact on recreational activities in the Southern Baikal region (Slyudyansky district of the Irkutsk region) which is the study area. During the field research in the summer (beach and hiking) and winter (mountain skiing) tourist seasons sociological studies (questionnaires and interviews) of recreants were carried out. The tourist geographical spread was defined, as well as the attitude to the social and natural conditions of the territory was found such as safety, tourist infrastructure development, availability of recreational services and products, climate, landscapes beauty, etc. During the pandemic, the geographical spread of tourists narrowed mainly to the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo agglomeration, foreign tourists practically didn’t come. However, closed borders and domestic tourism subsidization drawn attention to holidays on Baikal for tourists from the western part of Russia, who had before chosen recreation abroad and during the pandemic didn’t cancel trips, but to change the geography of their holidays. Besides air travel, a significant proportion of tourists used personal cars to arrive at their holiday destination. It was established that the pandemic the tourist age ratios has changed in the rejuvenation direction. In the course of the opinion poll, tourists noted the high landscape aesthetic appeal of recreation areas, but the recreational infrastructure, in their opinion, isn’t sufficiently prepared for quality recreation. The results will be forwarded to the Slyudyansky district administration for adjusting measures related to the development of recreational infrastructure.

Оценка вклада агломерационного фактора в производительность труда в российских регионах

In the article on the basis of data for 2 042 municipal districts of 70 subjects of the Russian Federation, not specializing in mining, an assessment of the impact of the agglomeration effect on differences in labor productivity in Russian regions was made. The authors come to the conclusion that the contribution of the agglomeration effect in the explanation of interregional differences in labor productivity is ambiguous. The estimates obtained indicate the absence of a positive effect of the density of economic activity in space on labor productivity in the regions. At the same time, the effect of negative externalities that manifest themselves in the form of overpopulation effects in the regions of the western part of Russia is less pronounced than in the eastern regions

Modeling of reflected cracks in asphalt concrete pavement of highways

The paper considers the issues of crack resistance of multilayer systems made of asphalt concrete, namely: the causes and features of the occurrence and development of "reflected" cracks are investigated. A study of the operational state of highways was carried out and the prerequisites for the formation of defects on the pavement were determined, including the regional features of the work of the road structure. The authors comprehensively studied the causes of internal and external defects and deformations of asphalt concrete pavements. The most popular technologies for sealing cracks and restoring the pavement are considered, the experience of repairing roads in the western part of Russia, Europe and the USA is also investigated. The results of determining the rate of formation and development of defects in the surface of the exploited roads are presented. In laboratory conditions, work was carried out to simulate cracks in two-layer samples of fine-grained asphalt concrete. Test specimens with a height and diameter of 10 cm were made by molding and compacted in layers, a crack was laid in the lower layer of the specimen. After gaining strength, the samples were tested for compression. Analysis of the results of physical modeling made it possible to put forward an assumption about the existence of a relationship between the presence (absence) of internal defects in the coating and the strength of the structure. To confirm the hypothesis, mathematical modeling of the operation of a two-layer system in the GenIDE32 software package was performed. Evaluation of the stress-strain state by the finite element method showed the presence of characteristic zones of system weakening around the defect area. In a two-layer system, there is an increase in internal stresses and strains around the crack, as well as a decrease in the overall strength (stability) of the system. In conclusion, the influence of internal defects of asphalt concrete coatings on the process of formation of "reflected" cracks were identified.

Reflected cracks buildups surveying and process simulation in double-layer asphalt-concrete systems

The paper studies the matters of multilayer asphalt-concrete systems cracking resistance, specifically we investigated the occurrence and development causes and peculiarities of the reflected cracks. In this study was examined the highways’ state of repair and the prerequisites for the defects formation on the pavement were determined, as well as the regional road structure operation aspect. The authors studied from every angle the causes of internal and external asphalt concrete pavements defects and deformations. The most popular filling of cracks technologies and restoring the pavement are were discussed in this paper, also the experience of roads repairing in the western part of Russia, Europe, and the USA was investigated. The determination results of the formation and develop-ment defects rate on the surface of the operated roads are presented in this article. Cracks in double-layer samples of finegrained asphalt concrete were simulated in laboratory conditions. A prototype model of 10 cm height and diameter were made by molding and densifying in layers, and a crack was laid in the lower layer of the prototype. Af-ter densifying samples were tested for compression. The physical modeling results analysis allows us to assume the dependence between the presence (or ab-sence) of pavement internal defects and the structural solidity. Mathematical modeling of the operation of a double-layer system was performed in the GenIDE32 software package to confirm the hypothesis. Evaluation of the stress-strain state by the finite element method showed the presence of system weakening characteristics zones around the defect area. There is increasing inter-nal stresses and deformations around the crack in a double-layer system, as well as a decrease in the overall system strength (stability). In the end, conclusions about the influence of asphalt-concrete pavement internal defects on the reflected cracks formation pro-cess were drawn.

Development prospects of the copper industry in the Far East

Research aim is to assess the prospects of using copper resources in the Far East to organize the regional base for the copper industry. Methodology. To assess the possibility or necessity of using the Far Eastern copper resources in the domestic industry, the state, production, needs and use of copper resources together with the existing projects of their development in the Far Eastern region are analyzed. Results and their analysis. In the Far East, projects are currently being implemented that require considerable use of a variety of non-ferrous metallurgy products. Metal products, materials and equipment required for the projects are imported or delivered from the western parts of Russia. Transportation significantly increases their cost. With the discovery and exploration of large copper deposits (Malmyzhskoye and Peschanka) and rich prospects of increasing the copper resource base in the far East, a number of ideas for copper industry creation and development in the region are proposed. Summary. The issue of copper industry creation in the Far East requires a multifaceted discussion, including the estimation of the general state and plans for the development of the copper industry in Russia and promising projects in the region. The region has sufficient reserves and resources of copper to create a complete technological chain of the regional copper industry, which involves the organization of copper production in the region. The potential of copper mineral resources in the region with an effective strategy for their use can contribute to the accelerated development of the Far East and become one of the factors of changing the geopolitical importance of Russia’s eastern part.

Developing a European Toolbox to manage potential invasion by emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) and bronze birch borer (Agrilus anxius), important pests of ash and birch

AbstractThe threats posed by the buprestid beetles emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) and bronze birch borer (Agrilus anxius Gory) have been the subject of considerable research, primarily to develop methods for detection and management of the pests. PREPSYS, a Euphresco project, has worked with collaborators globally to assess the ‘state of the art’ for the two insect pests and to identify those measures that would best prepare Europe for potential invasion by the pests, especially emerald ash borer which is now in the western part of Russia and in eastern Ukraine. Building on an excellent exchange of knowledge and discussion at the OECD-sponsored international conference held in Vienna in October 2018, the concept of a European Toolbox to increase preparedness for dealing with the pests has been developed. This includes key components including surveillance, direct intervention, use of natural enemies and increased awareness of the problems associated with the pests. Collaboration is essential in delivering and refining the European Toolbox.

Trajectory-based analysis on the source areas and transportation pathways of atmospheric particulate matter over Eastern Finland

In this study, we utilize aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and multi-angle absorption photometer (MAAP) measurements to assess the most predominant source regions of various atmospheric aerosol constituents transported to Eastern Finland. The non-refractory composition data from the AMS were measured during three intensive measurements campaigns in autumn 2012, 2014 and 2016, whereas the continuous long-term measurements on equivalent black carbon were conducted in 2012–2017. According to observations, the highest concentrations of particulate organics, sulphate, ammonium and black carbon originated from western parts of Russia and Eastern Europe, whereas Central Europe showed lesser contribution. In addition, exceptionally high concentrations of sulphate and ammonium were associated with the Timan-Pechora basin located in north-western Russia. Assumingly, this phenomenon could be linked to intensive gas flaring activities taking place in the area. We also performed positive matrix factorization analysis of organic fraction measured by the AMS. The trajectory analysis revealed increased concentration fields (CF) for low-volatility oxygenated organic aerosol (LVOOA) and hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA) in the same areas as for sulphate and ammonium. Meanwhile, the CF of semi-volatile oxygenated organic aerosol (SVOOA) suggested a local origin. To summarize, our results suggest that Western Russia and Eastern Europe are the most important source regions of several long-range transported aerosol constituents for Eastern Finland. Besides influencing the air quality and aerosol chemical composition on a local scale, these regions may also play a crucial role as the pollutants are transported further north, towards the vulnerable Arctic region.

First record of the parasitic louse fly Ornithomya comosa (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) in Europe and western Russia

The parasitic louse fly Ornithomya comosa (Austen, 1930) (Diptera, Hippoboscidae), known from the Oriental Region (India, Thailand, Nepal and Peninsular Malaysia) and Asian part of the Palaearctic Region (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, West Siberia of Russia and Japan), is found for the first time in Europe and in the western part of Russia (Curonian Spit). Flies were collected from the swallow species Hirundo rustica (Linnaeus, 1758) and Delichon urbica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hirundinidae). Two possible narratives for the occurrence of this fly in Europe are discussed.

Intramonthly Variability of Daily Surface Air Temperature in Russia in 1970–2015

The variability of average daily surface air temperature in Russia is investigated using weather station data for 1970–2015. Three variability ranges are analyzed: interdaily (<3 days) range, synoptic (3–7 days) range, and the range of stable weather patterns (8–20 days). Standard deviations are estimated for the reference (1970–1999) and modern (2000–2015) climate periods for summer and winter. The climate continentality is observed in the spatial distribution of variability: the maximum variability for all ranges is registered in Central Siberia. The interdaily and synoptic variability decreases (as a rule by 10–20%) in winter during the modern period in most regions of Russia. In the range of 8–20 days in winter, variability increases in the regions south of 60°N, with the maximum growth (up to 30%) in the Altai krai. In summer, with the overall general decrease variability, in the western part of Russia and in South Siberia a slight increase in the interdaily and synoptic variability of average daily surface air temperature is found.

Three-Year Variability Of Energy And Carbon Dioxide Fluxes At Clear-Cut Forest Site In The European Southern Taiga

Forest clearing strongly influences the energy, water and greenhouse gas exchange at the land sur face - atmosphere inter face. To estimate effects of clear cutting on sensible (H), latent heat (LE) and CO 2 fluxes the continuous eddy covariance measurements were provided at the recently clear-cut area situated in the western part of Russia from spring 2016 to the end of 2018. The possible effects of surrounding forest on the air flow disturbances and on the spatial pattern of horizontal advection terms within the selected clear-cut area were investigated using a process-based 3D momentum, energy and CO 2 exchange model. The modeling results showed a very low contribution of horizontal advection term into total turbulent momentum fluxes at flux tower location in case of the southern wind direction. The results of field flux measurements indicated a strong inter- and intra-annual variability of energy and CO 2 fluxes. The energy budget is characterized by higher daily and monthly LE fluxes throughout the entire period of measurements excepting the first two months after timber harvest. The mean Bowen ratio ( β =H/LE) was 0.52 in 2016, 0.30 - in 2017 and 0.35 - in 2018. Analysis of CO 2 fluxes during the first year following harvest showed that the monthly CO 2 release at the clear-cut area consistently exceeded the CO 2 uptake rates. The mean net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in the period was 3.3±1.3 gC∙m-2∙d-1. During the second and the third years of the flux measurements the clear-cut was also a prevailed sink of CO 2 for the atmosphere excepting short periods in June and in the first part of July when daily CO 2 uptake was higher than CO 2 release rates. The mean NEE rates averaged for the entire warm period of corresponding years were 1.2±2.3 g С ∙m -2 ∙d -1 in 2017 and 2.8±2.5 gC∙m -2 ∙d -1 in 2018, respectively. The mean ratio between gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (TER) was 0.58 in 2016, 0.84 - in 2017 and 0.74 - in 2018.

Damage Compensation for Indigenous Peoples in the Conditions of Industrial Development of Territories on the Example of the Arctic Zone of the Sakha Republic

In the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, hereinafter SR, the Arctic zones are the original habitat of indigenous peoples, who can conduct economic activities only in undisturbed or lightly disturbed lands. From this point of view, the problem of compensation for losses of indigenous peoples as a result of industrial development of territories is of particular relevance. At the same time, it is necessary to identify the main problems of indemnification of losses of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North (ISNPN) during the industrial development of the traditional natural resource management territories (TNRMT). The study was conducted using historical, geographical, analytical, synthetic, and statistical methods. In the Arctic zone, the diamond mining, gold mining, and coal mining industrial facilities are located inside TNRM areas. In the near future, it is planned to revive the tin industry, develop oil and gas fields on the continental Arctic shelf, and develop the Tomtor Complex Rare-Earth Deposit. In 2010, a law of the SR was passed: “On Ethnological Expertise in the Places of Traditional Residence and Traditional Economic Activities of the Peoples of the SR”. To date, in the ethnological examination of SR, we have investigated 13 investment business projects. In the course of the investigation, it turned out that most of the comments from both experts and tribal communities concern the section of compensation for damages. The official methodology developed on materials from the polar regions of the western part of Russia cannot be extrapolated to the entire territory of the North, Siberia, and the Far East. It is necessary to develop regional methods for calculating losses of indigenous peoples, which regulate the interaction of subsoil users with the authorities and representatives of the clan communities engaged in traditional crafts.

Destination competitiveness in Russia: tourism professionals’ skills and competences

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to address one of the main issues in Russia’s efforts to enhance tourism competitiveness: to educate a qualified workforce at the university level.Design/methodology/approachA survey of tourism professionals was conducted to assess importance and performance toward a set of hospitality- and tourism management-related skills and competences. An importance-performance analysis was performed to identify relative strengths and weaknesses.FindingsRussian professionals need improved competences with respect to sustainable management, marketing and research skills.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to surveying professionals in the western part of Russia (St Petersburg, Moscow, Krasnodar and Sochi). Nevertheless, its implications for curriculum reform and development should be considered in the whole country.Practical implicationsThe study identifies specific areas for Russian universities to address and focus on in their curriculum reform and development efforts.Social implicationsBetter education at universities enhances students’ employability at the time that supports tourism firms to perform better. Both together help to boost tourism destination competitiveness and sustainability, favoring progress and socio-economic development.Originality/valueFew studies have addressed human resource development in Russia. This study investigates the need for developing skills and competences in hospitality and tourism in Russia. This country has a significant potential for tourism development. Other countries with a developing tourism sector should benefit from the results of this study.

Role of borders in the formation of agricultural specialization in the western part of Russia

«Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Науки о Земле» — научно-теоретический рецензируемый журнал, обобщающий результаты исследований в области геологии, гидрогеологии и геохимии, петрологии и экологии, ландшафтного планирования и геоморфологии, экономической и социальной географии.

First detection and full genome sequence of porcine circovirus type 3 in Russia.

Porcine circovirus type 3 (PCV3) was firstly detected in 2016 in USA. Later PCV3 was discovered in Asia, Europe, and South America. The present investigation demonstrates for the first time the circulation of PCV3 among pigs in Russia. The viruses were detected at two geographically distant unrelated commercial farms with records of reproductive failure (abortions, stillbirth), porcine dermatitis, and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS). The two farms were located in the region of Smolensk (western part of Russia) and the region of Tyumen (West Siberia, Russia). We investigated samples collected from pigs of different ages. We performed PCR for the PCV3 DNA detection. The DNA of PCV3 was detected in serum, kidney, heart, spleen, pleural effusion, and peritoneal cavity fluid samples. Two viral genomes were sequenced and the corresponding strains were named PCV3-RU/SM17 (the strain from Smolensk region) and PCV3-RU/TY17 (the strain from Tyumen region). The full genome sequences of both strains were 2000 nucleotides in length and contained at least two ORFs, encoding the Cap and Rep proteins. Full sequence alignment revealed a 99.3% identity between the PCV3-RU/SM17 and PCV3-RU/TY17 strains. Molecular analysis showed that the two strains from Russia are highly homologous to viruses identified in other countries, with a 98.5-99.6% homology for PCV3-RU/TY17 and 97.9-99.0 for PCV3-RU/SM17. The PCV3-RU/SM17 and PCV3-RU/TY17 strains were found to form a monophyletic group in a phylogenetic tree based on PCV3 complete genome sequences.

Glyphodes pyloalis Walker, 1859 (Lepidoptera, Crambidae)—a new species of tropical snout-moth for the fauna of Dagestan

In the south of Dagestan, in a delta of the Samur River, the snout moth Glyphodes pyloalis Walker, 1859, a new species for the fauna of the western part of Russia, a pest of mulberry, was found for the first time.