Western Maharashtra Region Research Articles

“The Study Of Eruption Of Teeth In Children From Birth To 12 Years Of Age In Western Maharashtra Region.”

Human beings show 2 sets of dentition- deciduous and permanent2. Variation of tooth has been an enduring interest to clinical practitioner as well as from anthropological and forensic point of view7 . These variations in the form of teeth are characteristics of race, are of anthropological, genetic and forensic interest.2,7hence studies have been done using teeth for age, sex determination1,8 . As existing eruption schedule of dentition is based on western population this study is done in western Maharashtra region to find out variation in time number, form and pattern of eruption in deciduos and permanent teeth as well as in males and females.

Study the Diversity of Nocturnal Moths in Agricultural Field of Western Maharashtra Region

Abstract: Study of moths is important as they are significant part of the ecosystem. A study on macro-moths was conducted at agricultural field of Western Maharashtra region from month of June 2022 to May 2023. The Main aim of study to acquire the detail information of moths found in agricultural filed of District Satara and Pune. During the study period, a total 2012 specimen’s moths were observed. In addition, the number of families recorded from agricultural field of Western Maharashtra is also high, 20 families and 57 species occurred in desired location. Agricultural field of Western Maharashtra shows moths diversity. So, moth diversity was studied from Western Maharashtra from two sites including Phaltan and Baramati taluka respectively. These two sites have a few species in common. In general, Arctiidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae and Sphingidae dominated both the sites. The Moths were collected by using mercury light traps (160 W). The moth diversity has been studied for the first time from Agricultural field of Western Maharashtra region.

Epidemiology of Oral and Maxillofacial Traumatic Injuries Among the Patients Reporting to the Dental Institute of Western Maharashtra Region, India.

To analyze the distribution, etiology, and patterns of oral and maxillofacial trauma among the subjects reporting to a dental institute in the Western Maharashtra region of India. This retrospective study was conducted by manually collecting data from the medical records of subjects who reported to the dental institute with a history of trauma from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2022. All the injured subjects with complete clinical and radiographical records of maxillofacial injuries were included. The demographic data, etiology & site of trauma, and associated injuries were analyzed. Data were tabulated into four age groups (< 20years, 21-40years, 41-60years, and > 60years). Five etiological factors, i.e. road traffic accidents (RTA), stumble & falls, violence, animal attack, and strike by an object, were further evaluated based on age and gender. Maxillofacial injuries were classified into seven types: maxillary fractures (subcategorized), mandibular fractures (subcategorized), zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, nasal, frontal, orbital, and naso-orbito-ethmoidal fractures. Data were tabulated and analyzed. A total of 437 subjects were included, consisting of 84.2% males and 15.8% females, with the highest incidence of trauma between 21-40years. Road traffic accident was the main reason for maxillofacial injuries (50.3%), followed by falls (26.5%), and violence (19.9%). ZMC fractures accounted for 55.4% (242 fractures), followed by mandibular fractures (42.3%). RTA is the main factor responsible for maxillofacial injuries in this part of Maharashtra among subjects of both genders. Education and motivation regarding road safety measures are the two factors that need to be focused on to reduce the incidence of maxillofacial injuries.

Assessing the Productivity and Economic Sustainability of Banana Cultivation under Diverse Colored Plastic Mulches in Western Maharashtra Region of India

Aims: Banana is a heavy feeder of the nutrients. It is therefore, essential to study the crop with respect to color plastic mulches and irrigation scheduling. In this study, the effect of various colored plastic mulches on the growth and quality parameters of banana crop along with its economic feasibility was assessed.&#x0D; Study Design: This experiment followed a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with nine treatments (T1 to T9), each with three replications.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Maharashtra for the period of one year (crop cycle of banana).&#x0D; Methodology: Different color plastic mulches in combination with varying irrigation schedule were evaluated for growth and yield of banana crop. Various growth parameters of banana crop, yield, micrometeorological parameters, water use efficiency and cost economics of banana production were evaluated for the different treatments.&#x0D; Results: The highest banana yield recorded was 84.45 tons per hectare, and this was achieved using silver-black plastic mulch in conjunction with daily drip irrigation set at 48% of the Pan Evaporation (Ep) rate, referred to as treatment T3. Treatment T3 led to 37% increase in banana yield compared to surface irrigation with 1.00 Irrigation Water to Cumulative Pan Evaporation (IW/CPE) ratio (treatment T9). The seasonal water requirement for banana cultivation with treatment T3 amounted to 1015 mm, resulting in an impressive water use efficiency of 83.18 kg ha-1 mm-1. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values exhibited a range from 0.3895 during the initial growth stage of the banana to 0.8918 at the peak growth stage.&#x0D; Conclusion: From an economic perspective, the utilization of silver-black plastic mulch emerged as the best choice among all treatments, boasting the highest benefit to cost ratio of 2.34 and yielding the maximum net income of ₹ 3, 86,286 per hectare.

A Geographical Study of Literacy Pattern in Western Maharashtra Region (2011)

A Geographical Study of Literacy Pattern in Western Maharashtra Region (2011)

Economic Analysis of Temporal Changes in Land Use Pattern of Western Maharashtra

Land is a finite natural resource, the efficient management of which is vital for economic growth and development of the country. It is required for both agriculture and non-agricultural purposes. An analysis of structural changes in the land use pattern over a period of time provides the scope for planned and judicious management of land. In this connection, the present study on ‘An Economic analysis of temporal changes in land use pattern in Western Maharashtra’ was undertaken. For analysis the secondary sources and the necessary regional level time series data on area under land use categories were compiled from various issues of statistical abstract of Maharashtra and other publications of Government. The entire period of 1960-61 to 2019-20 was decomposed into three periods, viz; pre-liberalization, post-liberalization and overall period. A temporal change in land use pattern was estimated with the per cent change and compound growth rates. The temporal changes in land use dynamics of Western Maharashtra region revealed that, land put to non-agricultural uses, miscellaneous tree crops and groves, current fallow and fallows other than current fallow showed an increased trend while, area under forest, barren and uncultivable land, cultivable waste and net area sown registered a decline during Period-II. It is suggested that, during Period-II, the average proportion of forest land is 14.72 per cent, which is far less than the necessary percentage i.e., 33 per cent. Therefore, necessary steps may be taken by the state government in order to restore and maintain ecological balance. Land put to non-agricultural uses inclined throughout all the periods under study indicating an alarming situation. Majority of this conversion to land put to non-agricultural uses has taken place of agricultural land. Hence, the state government may prepare suitable policies controlling conversion of agricultural land, particularly.

Nutrient Status of Soil and Farm Yard Manure (FYM) under Different Agro-Climatic Regions of Maharashtra

Aim: To gain maximum crop production from a unit area, soil health is one of the major components. It is determined based on the nutritional availability and other parameters like pH, EC, organic carbon, etc. The reports on soil nutrients help farmers in fertilizer application to optimize the yields. The values of these parameters vary from region, soil type, agro-climatic zones, crop, etc. To maintain soil fertility application of organic source of fertilizer such as, FYM plays an important role. It is not only a good source of nutrients but also increases water-holding capacity, soil organic matter, soil physical properties, etc. The study was conducted with an objective to assess nutrient status of soil and FYM from various agro-climatic regions of Maharashtra. &#x0D; Methodology: Maharashtra state is divided into nine different agro-climatic regions. The study was conducted to understand the region-wise variability in the nutritional composition of both soil and FYM in Maharashtra during the year 2020-21. Samples of soils and dried FYM were collected from farmer’s fields from five agro-climatic regions of Maharashtra i.e., Western Maharashtra, Northern Maharashtra, Marathwada, Vidharbha, and Konkan. The samples were analyzed for various parameters at BAL-Chemical laboratory, BAIF Central Research Station, Urulikanchan.&#x0D; Results: The analysis reports of soil samples revealed that soils of the Western Maharashtra region showed maximum values for N, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn whereas, soil samples from the Vidharbha region were having high values for P and K content as compared to other regions. The soil samples from the Konkan region showed low nutrients availability than other regions. The soil pH of different agro-climatic regions ranged from 6.3 to 9.0. Similarly, FYM samples of the Western Maharashtra region showed maximum values for N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn content whereas, samples of the Marathwada region were comparatively low in all nutrients and organic carbon content. PCA biplot of macro and micro elements of soil and FYM nutrients revealed geographical/spatial structuring based on nutrient content.

English

BACKGROUND The success of fixed dental prosthesis (FDPs) delivered to the patients depends upon the implementation of appropriate laboratory procedures and dental materials which are required during fabrication of that prosthesis. Inappropriate technique during its fabrication may not always hamper the esthetic end results or fit, but may also hamper the longevity as well. Thus, knowledge about the dental materials as well as the basic laboratory procedures among the dental laboratories should be regularly assessed to assure good quality work. This survey was conducted to assess the knowledge among laboratory technicians regarding the routinely used laboratory procedures and materials for fabrication of FDPs in dental laboratories in Western Maharashtra region with the help of a validated questionnaire. METHODS An electronic survey was conducted with the help of a validated questionnaire that was circulated to 49 laboratories in Western Maharashtra region. The feedback was gathered from laboratory technicians and was then statistically analysed to achieve the objectives of the study. RESULTS 48.8 % of laboratories confirmed that technicians working for them were registered under the state council. 51 % agreed that they only used dental materials that were American Dental Association (ADA) specified. The most common gypsum product for pouring of impressions was dental stone. 65.9 % of the technicians agreed that they inspected the cast before starting the fabrication procedure. Die preparation and ditching procedure was done by 52.9 % and 35.7 % laboratories respectively. Only 38.1 % agreed of using beryllium free alloy ingots; in 66.7 % laboratories, ceramic work was carried out in a separate ceramic room with 76.2 % having adequate ventilation provisions. CONCLUSIONS Response of technicians in Western Maharashtra region regarding their knowledge about basic laboratory procedures in FDP fabrication indicates several areas of weakness. Avoiding such inadequacy in laboratories can significantly reduce FDP failure rates. KEY WORDS Fixed Dental Prosthesis, Dental Laboratory, Survey

Survey and isolation of Trichoderma spp. from rhizosphere soils of Western Maharashtra

In this study, the total 45 samples were collected from areas of Western Maharashtra. Out of these only 20 rhizospheric soil samples had the population of Trichoderma spp. The Trichoderma was isolated from the soil samples collected from the different locations of western Maharashtra by serial dilution technique and plating method. By visual observations 6, T. hamatum, 7, T harzianum (Rifai), 3, T. koningii (Oudem) and 4, T. asperellum (Samuels) were identified. T. harzianum and T .hamatum were present in most of the soil samples collected from Western Maharashtra region. The T. asperellum species was obtained from soil samples collected from Dhabewadi, sakri, Pachora and Tasgaon region of western Maharashtra. These isolates of Trichoderma spp. were studied and identified on basis of macroscopic i.e. colony characters like growth rates, pigmentation, colony edge, pustule formation showing defined characteristics for that respective species.

Effectiveness of heuristic approach for daily sediment flow prediction of Koyna river basin

The aim of this study was to test the applicability of heuristic approach for daily suspended sediment concentration (SSC) prediction of Koyna river basin situated in western Maharashtra region of India. Daily rainfall, runoff and SSC data were used for development of different models. Heuristic based models like artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), statistical model like multiple linear regressions (MLR) and traditional sediment rating curve (SRC) models were developed for SSC prediction. In order to avoid time consuming and tedious trial and error method by varying inputs, Gamma test was applied to select best inputs for development of different SSC prediction models. 39 ANN models were developed using tansig, logsig and purelin transfer function. 48 ANFIS models were developed using subtractive clustering method of FIS generation. The best model was selected on the basis performance criteria such as higher correlation coefficient (r) and coefficient of determination (R2). It was found that ANN (6-7-1) model with purelin transfer function outperformed all other models with r and R2 values of 0.79 and 0.62, respectively for daily SSC prediction. The traditional SRC model performed worst and could not able to catch the overall shape of observed SSC time series. The coefficient of determination (R2) was increased from 0.42 to 0.62 using heuristic approach than traditional SRC method. It was found that the heuristic approach could be successfully applied for cumulative SSC load estimation which is essential in reservoir operations and managements. It proves the applicability of heuristic approach in hydrologic modelling for better watershed planning and management.

Training needs of agro service centre owners and their constraints

The most of the agriculture input dealers are related to transfer of agriculture technology. Agriculture inputs dealers may this way perform the function of the “Change agent”. Agriculture input dealers are also playing an important role in increasing agricultural production in the country. The main aim of agriculture input dealers was thus, to provide expert services, advice to farmers and supply of inputs to agriculture according to local needs i.e. quality seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, engineering material and provide the employment to the people indeed an input dealer forms an important bridge between the farmers and the agriculture developmental agencies and is often regarded by the farmers as a “Friend, Philosopher and Guide” and is truly a change agent. Study is designed with specific Objectives: To know the training needs of owners of agro service centre and to study the constraints faced by owners of agro service centre. The study was conducted in Ahmednagar district of the western Maharashtra region, as maximum number of agro service centre owners of agro service centres in this district. Rahuri, Rahata, Shrirampur, Ahmednagar, Sangamner and Kopargaon tahsils selected for study, results are majority of owners (73.33%) had medium level of training need. On the other hand 20 per cent had more level of training need and majority of respondents faced constraints mostly related to overdue from farmers followed by lack of technical assistance, competition with other owners and lack of finance.

MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF HUMAN AORTIC VALVE IN ADULTS OF WESTERN MAHARASHTRA: A CADAVERIC STUDY

Objective: To estimate the mean of morphometric values of the human aortic valve in the population of western Maharashtra. The morphometric variables include mean area and the circumference of the human aortic valve of both genders.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out on 30 adult cadaveric hearts in the department of Anatomy at a tertiary care hospital in western Maharashtra. Heart and aortic arch were dissected according to standard dissection techniques. The aortic orifice and valves were exposed; pictures were taken keeping a plastic ruler alongside the periphery of the valve. The pictures were analyzed using Image J software to calculate circumference and area of the aortic valve.&#x0D; Results: The mean circumference of the aortic valve was 8.827 cm in males and 8.179 cm in females. The mean area of the male aortic valve was 5.365cm² and the female aortic valve is 4.641cm². The circumference results were found to be significant whereas the area results were not significant.&#x0D; Conclusion: The size of the aortic valve in the western Maharashtra region was found to be more as compared to other studies. The present study might help the cardiothoracic surgeons as well as the prosthetic valve manufacturing companies for the rough estimation of the aortic valve size.&#x0D; Keywords: Aortic valve, valve area, valve circumference

Comparison between oral health status of institutionalised and home stay disabled children in western Maharashtra region

Background: Parents and caregivers of differently-abled children while focusing on the primary medical issues may not pay adequate attention to their dental care. In this study, we assessed and compared the oral health status of differently-abled children (aged 7–17 years) from structured institutionalized versus home care conditions in the Western Maharashtra region, India. Materials and Methodology: The study consisted of 100 differently-abled children (aged 7–17 years), each under structured institutionalized or home care conditions. For each child, decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) and decayed, extracted, or filled deciduous teeth (deft) index and oral hygiene status were assessed. Results: Differently-abled children under structured institutionalized care showed lower caries experience in both primary and permanent teeth as compared to differently-abled children who were under home care conditions. Conclusions: The DMFT/deft score was less in Group B compared to Group A. The overall oral hygiene was poor in both groups. Educating the parents and primary caregivers on improving the dental care of differently-abled children is necessary.

Variations in carotico clinoid foramen in human skulls in western Maharashtra region and its clinical significance

Variations in carotico clinoid foramen in human skulls in western Maharashtra region and its clinical significance

Profile of Maternal Deaths: A Three Year Autopsy Based Retrospective Study in Western Maharashtra Region

Profile of Maternal Deaths: A Three Year Autopsy Based Retrospective Study in Western Maharashtra Region

Variations in the shapes of the coronoid process of adult human mandible in Marathwada and Western Maharashtra region

Variations in the shapes of the coronoid process of adult human mandible in Marathwada and Western Maharashtra region

A survey of perception of pain and discomfort with elastomeric separators in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment in Western Maharashtra region

Aim: The aim is to determine the perception of pain and discomfort by the patient during the placement of orthodontic separators. Materials and Methods: Elastomeric separators were placed in randomly selected 100 patients for fixed orthodontic mechanotherapy. Visual analog scale was used to register the patient's pain perception during the placement of elastomeric separators and continued subsequently on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th day. Results: The data show 41.3% of urban and 53.7% of the rural population of the patients reported pain during the placement of separators. Until the 1st day, in the urban, 53.04% of patients and in the rural population, 48.15% of patients reported pain. In the urban population, 30.43% of patients and in the rural population, 25.93% consumed analgesics. Conclusion: The pain associated peaks within 4–48 hr from separator placement, and then declines to reach its lowest level on the 5th day. Since pain of moderate intensity occurs during the treatment, analgesics and soft food are recommended.

Profile of Sexual Offences Survivors Below 18 Years of Age A 3 year Retrospective study of Western Maharashtra Region

Profile of Sexual Offences Survivors Below 18 Years of Age A 3 year Retrospective study of Western Maharashtra Region

Economics of Production and Marketing of Cotton in Western Maharashtra Region of Maharashtra state

The study results concluded that the percentage use gap was maximum in manure, seed, potasium and human labour as compared with the recommendation of agricultural universities. For the state as a whole, the per hectare Cost ‘C was worked out to 68505.21, 72159.98 and 70039.81 and 70471.44 for small, medium, large size group of holdings and at overall level, respectively. The B: C ratio was found maximum in medium size group (1.07), whereas at the overall level, it was 1.06. The maximum cost and profit was observed in large size group only. Local trader is the most important agency or intermediary through whom 81 to 98 per cent cotton in different villages pass.

Simulation of Runoff and Sediment Yield for a Kaneri Watershed Using SWAT Model

Watershed as an entry point acts as a beginning to address the issues of sustainable rainwater management for improving livelihoods. Extraction of watershed parameters using Geographical Information System (GIS) and use of simulation models is the current trend for hydrologic evaluation of watersheds. In the present study, the open Source Tool Quantum GIS 2.2.0 was used for preparation of maps to verify the spatial extent of the area. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) having an interface with Arc-View GIS software (ArcGIS 10.1 with Arc SWAT 2012 extension) was selected for the estimation of runoff and sediment yield from Kaneri watershed, located in Western Maharashtra region. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the monthly and yearly runoff was obtained as 0.849 and 0.951 respectively for the calibration period 1979 to 2000 and 0.801 and 0.950 respectively for the validation period 2001-2013. The R2 value in estimating the monthly and yearly sediment yield during calibration period was computed as 0.722 and 0.788 respectively. The R2 for monthly and yearly sediment yield values for validation period was observed to be 0.565 and 0.684 respectively.