Two species of Retiarius gen.nov. ( R. bovicornutus and R. superficiaris ) members of phyllosphere populations of some evergreen trees and shrubs in the Western Cape region of South Africa, are described. They are parasitic on wind-borne pollen-grains which are capured by means of short spike-shaped hyphae projecting vertically from the mycelium on the leaf surface. They survive the dry summer within the pollen coats as thick-walled mycelia which grow out during the rainy season producing conidia that are distributed by rainsplash.