West Nusa Tenggara Research Articles

POTENTIAL OF CARBON SINK IN MANGROVE SUBSTRATES IN LEMBAR BAY, WEST LOMBOK, INDONESIA

Mangroves are one of the coastal vegetation that can mitigate carbon (carbon sink and carbon storage). This study aimed to determine the potential for soil carbon stock found under stands of mangroves in Lembar Bay, West Lombok, and West Nusa Tenggara. The research began with the identification of the species and then proceeded toa sampling of the soil, which was then analyzed using the Walkley and Black method. The results showed that there were ten species of mangroves, namely, Rhizophora stylosa, Avicennia lanata, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops decandra, Excoecaria agallocha, Lumnitzera racemosa, Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea, Thespesia populnea, and Xylocarpus maluccensis. The highest soil carbon content percentage was found in the lower soil of the A. lanata (1.43 %C) mangrove, and the lowest was found in the lower-stand soil of E. agallocha (0.21 %C). Meanwhile, the carbon sinks per meter were 0.002-0.066 gC/m2, with an average of 0.020±0.020 gC/m2. The estimated total soil carbon sink in 10 mangrove stands was 0.20-6.60 tons C/ha, with an average of 2.18±2.010 tons C/ha. The average total estimated soil carbon stock found in 20.49 ha of the mangrove area studied was 44.67 tonsC, which is equivalent to 263.69 tonsC in a mangrove area of ​​120.96 ha in Lembar Bay.

EVENT MICE FESTIVAL UMA LENGGE MARIA SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KUNJUNGAN WISATA BUDAYA DI KECAMATAN WAWO KABUPATEN BIMA NTB

The aim of research entitled ‘Uma Lengge Maria Festival Event as event to invite more Visitor to Maria tourism Village di Wawo District Bima West Nusa Tenggara to describe the roles of the festival in increasing tourist coming to this object. This research use desciptive qualitative approach, that is systematically describe facts in a particular field or fenomena. Data collection methods were carried out by observation, interviews and documentation then analyzed in the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The informan of this research were selected based on the following characteristics: (1) were at the location when the event take place, (2) witnessed the progress of the event, (3) filled in the guest list, (4) are native people of Bima, (5) knew about the progress of the event, and (6) live near the festival location. The research results show that the Uma Lengge Maria Festival Event has main role in increasing cultural tourism with the MICE industry, especially in Bima where some traditional cultural values are shown and local product are displayed to public. It also improving the economy stage and tourism development in Bima

Application of the Value for Money Concept as a Performance Assessment Measure for Regency/City Governments in West Nusa Tenggara Province for the 2018-2022 Period

The implementation of regional autonomy has logistical consequences in the form of the importance of effective and efficient financial management. This research aims to determine the financial performance of Regency/City goverments in West Nusa Tenggara Province for the 2018-2022 period with the concept of value for money. Value for money is a management method that is based on three elements, namely economics, efficiency and effectiveness. The object of this research is a report on the realization of the regional income and expenditure budget for the 2018-2022 period. The results of this research show that the performance of Regency/City governments in West Nusa Tenggara Province For the 2018-2022 period based on economic and efficiency ratios has had good results. On the effectiveness ratio has less good results.

Examining the Mindsets of Primary School Teachers and University Students from Literacy Volunteer Community

The importance of implementing a growth mindset in the education sector has called for all actors to develop growth mindset. This study investigated the mindsets of primary school teachers and university students from the Literacy Volunteer Community in Sumbawa Regency (West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia) prior to the teaching of growth mindset. A descriptive quantitative approach was used, with an online survey to assess participants' familiarity with the concepts of growth and fixed mindsets, their mindset level, and their views regarding growth mindset and fixed mindset attributes. The findings showed that more than half of the volunteers (55%) were not well-familiarized with the mindsets' concepts and (52%) had a mixed mindset with a fixed mindset orientation. The mixed mindset results reveal a complex view of the volunteers on the mindsets' attributes. The implications of these findings suggest that there is a need for more training on growth mindset for actors across the education sector to promote better learning and academic achievement among students.

Different gender-based climate change impact on Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara

Differences in the impact of climate change are influenced by the level of vulnerability of each individual, including in terms of gender. Differences in access and control often make women more vulnerable to climate change than men, so the impact and adaptation to climate change will be different. This study aims to understand the differences in the impacts of climate change from a gender perspective in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The quantitative and descriptive method uses data and information obtained from literature reviews, field surveys, and interviews. In addition, a vulnerability analysis was also carried out for the Lombok region using the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) assessment. The projection results show that Lombok will experience climate change, such as increasing air temperature and decreasing rainfall. Lombok’s vulnerability to climate change is in the LVI value range of 0.376 to 0.448. The impacts of climate change felt by men and women in Lombok differ because of differences in access, participation, control, and benefits (APCB) influenced. The results show that women are more vulnerable than men. One of the most influential factors is the lower education level for women due to limited resources and access, resulting in a need for more understanding regarding climate change.

PERANAN BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT ( BPR ) DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEGIATAN USAHA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) DI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

Micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME) activities are the real sector that produces products (goods and services), which will directly drive the economic wheels of society in a region. This sector requires support from the active role of the financial services industry, namely banking services. A study on the role of BPRs in improving MSME activities was carried out in the Bank Indonesia Mataram working area, in West Nusa Tenggara Province, in the form of a literature review of related published data. From the results of the study, the value of credit for MSMEs distributed by the banking industry in the West Nusa Tenggara Province region, until the end of 2022, amounts to IDR. 19.474431 trillion consisting of working capital credit amounting to Rp. 16.548945 trillion and investment credit Rp. 2.925486 trillion . Of all the MSME loans disbursed, Rural Banks on average only distributed 7.36 percent of the MSME loans disbursed. This credit was distributed by 28 BPR units in the West Nusa Tenggara region, consisting of 115 service offices spread throughout the West Nusa Tenggara region. Seeing that BPR's role in channeling MSME credit is still relatively small, this means that BPR must continue to strengthen its position, to increase its role as a microfinance institution that can support micro, small and medium enterprises in the West Nusa Tenggara Province region.

ANALISIS POLA SEBARAN KARAKTERISTIK IKLIM DI PULAU SUMBAWA

Sumbawa Island is one of the largest islands in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Province with an area of 15,414.5 km². Climatic conditions greatly influence the economy of the people of Sumbawa Island because most of the population earns their living as farmers, planters and livestock breeders. Extreme climate changes often occur. This results in natural disasters such as floods, landslides and drought. Sumbawa Island itself often experiences floods in the rainy season and droughts in the dry season. Knowledge of climate characteristics will really help the people there, in overcoming and avoiding the impacts of extreme climate change now and in the future. This research functions to provide information regarding the climate characteristics of Sumbawa Island.The method used to analyze the climate characteristics of Sumbawa Island is the Thornthwaite and Schmidth-Fergusson climate classification methods. The data used is secondary data for 14 years (2005-2018). This data was obtained from the NT I River Basin Center and generation data using the Thomas-Fiering model for the next 10 years (2019-2028).The results of the analysis showed that according to Thornthwaite, Sumbawa Island in the 2005-2018 and 2019-2028 periods had the same climate type, namely a dry climate (E) based on an average PE index value < 16 and a tropical climate (A) based on an average TE index value. ≥ 128. According to Schmidth-Fergusson in the 2005-2018 and 2019-2028 periods, Sumbawa Island has the same 3 types of climate, namely a moderate climate (D) with a value of 0.6 ≤ Q < 1, a slightly dry climate (E) with a value of 1 ≤ Q < 1.67 and dry climate (F) with a value of 1.67 ≤ Q < 3.

PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH PADA BALITA STUNTING DI WILAYAH DESA TANAK BEAK NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

Stunting is an indicator of health in toddlers, namely chronic nutritional status which results in stunted growth and development. Low birth weight and lack of exclusive breastfeeding are factors that can cause stunting in toddlers. The aim of this research is to analyze differences in exclusive breastfeeding and birth weight among stunted toddlers in the Tanak Beak Village area, West Nusa Tenggara. The research design was cross sectional with a research sample of 60 stunted toddlers aged 6-59 months who were collected using a purposive sampling method. Nutritional status data was collected by measuring using a baby length board and stadiometer with the criteria of a Z-score TB/U or PB/U of less than -2 SD. Data on characteristics and exclusive breastfeeding were obtained through interviews and birth weight was obtained from secondary data from the Community Health Center. Data were analyzed using T-test. The results of the study showed that there was no significant difference in low birth weight (p=0.882) in stunted toddlers, while there was a difference in exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.041) in stunted toddlers in the posyandu1 and posyandu2 areas. The conclusion is that there is no difference in low birth weight in stunted toddlers, while there is a difference in exclusive breastfeeding in stunted toddlers in the posyandu1 and posyandu2 areas. There is a need to increase coverage and efforts to improve the quality of exclusive breastfeeding to optimize efforts to prevent stunting.

Study of Bawal Bintang fish (Trachinotus blochii) hatchery at the Lombok marine aquaculture, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Bawal Bintang fish (Tracinotus blochii) has high economic value, to meet both domestic and foreign consumption needs. Bawal Bintang fish cultivation has become a commercial business to be developed because of its relatively fast growth, relatively easy maintainance, and public interest in it. The objective of this study is to find out the hatchery techniques of Bawal Bintang Fish and the obstacles that arise in their hatchery at the Lombok Marine Cultivation Fisheries, West Nusa Tenggara. The method used was descriptive with data collection including primary data and secondary data. Data collection was done by means of active participation, observation, interviews, and literature study. Bawal Bintang fish hatchery technique began with tank preparation, spawning, egg distribution, and maintenance for 20-25 days. Bawal Bintang fish hatchery included feed management, water quality monitoring, and pest and disease control. After rearing the larvae for 20-25 days or reaching seedling size, then harvesting was carried out to transfer them to the nursery tank using the RAS system. The problem that arose in the hatchery of Bawal Bintang fish was the frequent occurrence of Bawal Bintang larvae that fell from a pond.

POVERTY AND INEQUALITY ANALYSIS OF POPULATION EXPENDITURE IN WEST NUSA TENGGARA

This study aims to analyze and describe the development of poverty and inequality of population expenditure in West Nusa Tenggara. The research method used is descriptive research using secondary data from 2014-2021. The analysis technique used in this study was analyzing data using tables related to the aspects studied: population expenditure data analysis to determine inequality occurrence using the Gini efficiency and the World Bank criteria.The results show that the development of the number of poor people has always decreased, with the number of poor people in rural areas being smaller than in urban areas. The distribution of the poverty line in both urban and rural areas averaged more than 70% for food needs, the remaining less than 30% for non-food needs. On average, the percentage of poor people during 2014-2021 for urban and rural areas is 15,15%. The average poverty depth index (P1) was 2.700 for urban and rural areas, and the average poverty severity index (P2) during the year was 0,670%.The average inequality of population expenditure based on the Gini coefficient is 0.379 for urban and rural areas, which is “moderate”. Based on World Bank criteria, inequality of population expenditure in rural areas is classified as “mild or low inequality,” while in urban areas, it is classified as “moderate inequality.” Expenditure inquality for rural and urban areas is classified as “mild or low inequality.”

Deforestation Vulnerability Based Administrative Boundary and Forest Area in Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Deforestation is a change in forest cover into other types of cover which is a global problem. Deforestation that occurs varies in each region. Deforestation hazard is a better behavioral conclusion or profile information about deforestation that occurs because it displays three aspects of assessment, namely the Percentage of Forest Area (PFA), the proportion of deforestation events (PDE) and the rate of deforestation (RD). Analysis of deforestation profiles in Nusa Tenggara, which consists of two provinces from 1990 to 2020. This study uses overlapping data on land cover, district administration, and Area functions for forest-non-forest analysis. Analysis of deforestation profiles based on district administration produces 15 forms of deforestation profiles. The largest profile in West Nusa Tenggara Province is the 3-1-1 profile (large percentage of low-rate events), which is a non-vulnerable category. The highest profile in East Nusa Tenggara Province is 1-3-1 (a small percentage of late events) and is a very vulnerable category. Dominant deforestation occurs outside forest areas, but if viewed from a profile perspective, all functions of the area are classified as very vulnerable in East Nusa Tenggara Province, and conservation forest areas in West Nusa Tenggara Province. This happened because the largest deforestation occurred in the end period in each function of the forest area. This is a warning for the management of forest areas in Nusa Tenggara.

PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN KARIR PNS PEJABAT STRUKTURAL PADA KANTOR PEMERINTAH PROVINSI NTB

This research aims to see the influence of individual characteristics on the career development of structural civil servant officials at the NTB Provincial Government office. The formulation of the problem in this research is whether individual characteristics influence the career development of structural civil servants at the NTB Provincial Government office ?. This research is quantitative descriptive research. The population of this research is the total number of Civil Servants in the regional government offices of West Nusa Tenggara Province who occupy structural positions, namely 1,027 people. The sample was taken using the Slovin formula, so the sample size was 91.12 rounded up to 91 people. Simple multiple linear regression analysis, T-test, and correlation coefficient are the data analysis methods used. The results of the research that has been conducted show that the individual characteristics variable has a positive influence on career development. So it can be concluded that the proposed research hypothesis is completely accepted.

A successful smallholder cattle fattening project based on leucaena diets in eastern Indonesia

This paper describes the outcomes of a five-year (2011-2016) partnership project between the Indonesian Government and the Australian Centre for international Agricultural Research. The objective was to promote the use of Leucaena leucocephala for fattening cattle in the Provinces of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). Detailed biophysical and socio-economic measurements demonstrated that it was possible to double productivity of smallholder cattle by improving their nutrition based on feeding leucaena, thus improving the livelihoods of farming families. The results highlighted an opportunity to similarly enhance productivity of other smallholder cattle enterprises in Indonesia and in other tropical developing countries.

Paradiplomasi Pemerintah Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan International Council For Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) Menuju Penerapan Renewable Energy

This study examines the Paradiplomasi conducted by the Provincial Government of West Nusa Tenggara with ICLEI in tackling the energy problems of NTB, where NTB is the only province that was selected as a Pilot Project in Indonesia, and included in the ICLEI Roadmap. NTB provincial government cooperation with ICLEI in the field of renewable energy since 2020-2023. This cooperation begins with an offer of ICLEI cooperation to the NTB provincial government regarding renewable energy. This research is based on the concept of Single-Themed paradiplomation proposed by Rodrigo Tavarez. According to Rodrigo Tavarez paradiplomasi Single Themed is the cooperation of local governments with foreign parties, with one focus areas of cooperation, in research that is the focus on renewable energy cooperation. The concept of paradiplomasi is also to help describe the implementation of paradiplomasi practices carried out by the NTB provincial government. This research is also coupled with the theory of Decision Making Process to assist the NTB provincial government in formulating by passing through several consideration processes, coordination which is the benchmark for NTB provincial government policy in the implementation of paradiplomasi with ICLEI.

Strategi Komunikasi Pariwisata Dalam Meningkatkan Kunjungan Wisatawan (2021) Melalui KEK Mandalika Lombok

<p class="Default"><em>The West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB) Tourism Office is a government agency that manages all tourism activities in the NTB area. The NTB Dispar has implemented a strategy in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic and during this pandemic there have been many changes in people's lives. In this study, the researcher discusses the communication strategy process implemented by the NTB Dispar in 2021, especially the strategy in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic by focusing on one tourism destination that is currently global, namely the Mandalika Special Economic Zone. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with a case study approach. The results of this study indicate that in an effort to increase tourist visits in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, Dispar NTB implements a tourism communication strategy through three stages, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation in the form of identifying the target audience, determining communication goals, designing messages, choosing communication channels. , allocate the total budget and determine the promotion mix so that it can increase the number of tourist visits to NTB and can improve the community's economy.</em></p>

Probiotics Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Horse Milk in Tambora, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

This study explores the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in horse milk from Tambora, West Nusa Tenggara by examining its functional and probiotic attributes, including bile salt tolerance, low pH, simulated gastric juice (SGJ), simulated intestinal juice (SIJ), antibacterial activity, as well as bile salt hydrolase (BSH) genes. Genotyping of LAB was performed using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) analysis and then identified based on the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 25 LAB isolates showed the ability to grow at low pH, tolerant to bile, and survived under SIJ and SGJ conditions. The BSH gene was confirmed in three isolates, namely: SK1-28, SK2-30, and SK2-34. Results of RFLP-PCR analysis showed that the LAB isolates were grouped into three groups based on the number and molecular weight of the differences DNA fragments. The 16S rRNA analysis showed that the first two groups were Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, whereas the third group was Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. In addition, all Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosusisolates in group I showed the ability to grow at pH 9.0, but not group II. It can be concluded that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum can be used as the indigenous probiotic bacteria source from Indonesia.

Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Sampah Anorganik Menjadi Media Tanam Vertikultur pada Masyarakat di Gili Air

Gili Air as one of the Small Islands in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) has various geographical limitations and even has economic dependence on the tourism industry. The large number of tourists has an impact on the amount of waste generated every day. This is not balanced with optimal waste management in Gili Air, where waste from each household and tourism supporting facilities is just piled up, then taken by the transportation service (Gili Care) and disposed of in the TPA (Final Disposal Site) in Lombok Big Island. Waste management on Gili Air requires a large amount of money because you have to pay for transportation by boat. Some local people and owners of tourism-supporting facilities manage their waste by dumping it in pits or burning it. Some of them who know the economic value of inorganic waste sell directly cardboard, used bottles, iron and others to collectors or scavengers themselves. The waste bank in Gili Air has not run optimally, so the reduction in waste generation only comes from selling used goods individually. Based on these various problems, the service team carried out community service activities through outreach and training on the use of inorganic waste to become verticultural planting media which indirectly contributed to household-scale greening in Gili Air. The goal of this activity is to generate enthusiasm and participation from Karang Taruna Gili Air (KTGA) in terms of waste management. This service activity took place enthusiastically and actively involved KTGA, where the evaluation results showed that there was an increase in knowledge of 47%. The community's activeness in providing questions and responses is an asset for participatory community empowerment in Gili Air.

Subsurface Interpretation of the Sembalun Area, East Lombok using the Gravity Method

The Sembalun area in UTM coordinates is located atEast hanging 452120,3 to 437998,9 and Northing 9062924 to 9085495 and belongs to the UTM 50S zone which is located on Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara. The purpose of this study is to determine the presence of subsurface geological structures in the Sembalun area, East Lombok. The geophysical method used in this research is method gravity namely by finding the distribution of density values and finding values Complete Bouguer Anomaly (CBA) which will be used to perform 2D modeling of subsurface geological structures in the study area using software Grablox. The data used in this research is secondary data in the form of GGMplus 2013 satellite imagery data gravity disturbance and Earth Residual Terrain Model (ERTM2160). The results obtained from this study include the rock density obtained by the parasnis method of 2.815 g/cm3. The fault structure is in the North to Southwest of the study area and there is also a caldera in the middle of the study area (between Sembalun Bumbung and Sembalun Lawang). Manifestations in the form of hot springs are in the south (close to Mount Pusuk). The results of 2D modeling with Grablox are dominant with high density indicating that the study area is dominated by andesitic lava rock.

ANALISIS RISIKO KERJA PADA PROSES PEMBUBUTAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HIRARC

Poor management of occupational safety and health (OSH) has an impact on occupational accidents. This results in losses for both the individual worker and the company. Therefore, the occupational hazard accident risk analysis was carried out using the HIRARC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control) method. Data collection was conducted from the business owners of SSBC (Sanggar Sarana Baja Cakra) Welding and Turning Shop, located in Cakranegara, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. There are 3 work activities for risk identification, namely the clamping process, the engraving process and the drilling process. The results of the analysis show that the highest level of occupational risk occurs during clamping and engraving process. For drilling, it's in low level of risk. As for risk management, it is mainly done for high-risk level. Immediate improvement is needed by providing personal protective equipment (PPE) to workers to reduce these risks. Based on these results, business owners can do evaluation on his business so occupational accidents can be in the workplace.

Patterns and The Role of The Government in Preventing Human Trafficking

Human Trafficking is an iceberg phenomenon that is growing all over the world including in Indonesia. Indonesia is a tier 2 surveillance country because human trafficking cases are still high and one of the regions contributing to human trafficking cases is East Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The purpose of this study is to analyze and find out how pattern of human trafficking in East Lombok and the role of the East Lombok Regency government in preventing human trafficking. The results showed that first, pattern human trafficking in East Lombok Regency which starts from the recruitment process carried out by neighbors, family, friends, and people who first go abroad, document forgery and manipulation of victims' data are made outside the East Lombok Regency area, and the departure process is relay and departure is not from East Lombok Regency but from the area where the documents are made. Second, the role of the East Lombok Regency Government for prevent human trafficking by conducting scheduled socialization in villages/villages that are vulnerable to human trafficking victims, forming Productive Migrant Villages, and providing training to retired migrant workers/families by forming novice business heroes. However, the Government's efforts to prevent human trafficking have not been maximized and effective due to the lack of coordination between related institutions and public awareness of the dangers of trafficking in persons.