Well-known Person Research Articles

Longevity of Polish top-class athletes compared to other social elites and well-known people in the years 2001-2021.

The aim of this work is to initiate or revive a scientific discussion on the impact of professional life on the parameters of human lifespan. Presented analysis is based on 8578 Polish elite or well-known person who died in 2001-2021. The results of the conducted analysis indicate that in the case of men the highest values of the median age at death were characteristic of freelancers (median [Me] ± quartile deviation [QD] 85.5±8.5 years), followed by scientists and academic teachers of the biological and medical specialty (Me±QD 84.0±7.5 years) and officers of power structures (Me±QD 83.5±8.5 years). Subsequently, the highest value of the median age at death was recorded for social activists (Me±QD 83.0±9.5 years), clergy (Me±QD 82.0±7.5 years) and scientists and academic teachers of specialties other than biological and medical (Me±QD 82.0±8.0 years). Significantly, at the very end of this list are athletes (Me±QD 77.0±9.0 years). Nevertheless, the results of the analysis confirm that professional athletes are characterized by higher median age at death compared to the general population. Analysis made only within athletes group demonstrated that the parameters of lifespan of athletes of endurance disciplines (Me±QD 78.0±8.0 years) are the most favorable compared to athletes of other disciplines, in particular in compare to team sports athletes (Me±QD 75.0±10.0 years) or combat sports athletes (Me±QD 75.0±7.1 years). What is new and innovative in this paper is comparing the lifespan characteristics of athletes in comparison to widely represented group of other professions with higher socio-economic status. Unexpectedly, the lifespan of athletes occurred to be lower than for fast all other analyzed occupational groups, except mainly of entertainment musicians. Finally, the results presented in this paper emphasize the need to analyze the lifespan characteristics of athletes in a broader scope than only in relation to the general population. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2024;37(3):335-50.

Asymptotically Correct Person Fit z-Statistics For the Rasch Testlet Model.

A well-known person fit statistic in the item response theory (IRT) literature is the statistic (Drasgow et al. in Br J Math Stat Psychol 38(1):67-86, 1985). Snijders (Psychometrika 66(3):331-342, 2001) derived , which is the asymptotically correct version of when the ability parameter is estimated. However, both statistics and other extensions later developed concern either only the unidimensional IRT models or multidimensional models that require a joint estimate of latent traits across all the dimensions. Considering a marginalized maximum likelihood ability estimator, this paper proposes and , which are extensions of and , respectively, for the Rasch testlet model. The computation of relies on several extensions of the Lord-Wingersky algorithm (1984) that are additional contributions of this paper. Simulation results show that has close-to-nominal Type I error rates and satisfactory power for detecting aberrant responses. For unidimensional models, and reduce to and , respectively, and therefore allows for the evaluation of person fit with a wider range of IRT models. A real data application is presented to show the utility of the proposed statistics for a test with an underlying structure that consists of both the traditional unidimensional component and the Rasch testlet component.

Reference Structure “pan / pani + imię” in Periodical Texts Published in Polish in Ukraine

The article’s author analyzes the function of the reference structure „pan / pani + imię” in the information texts of the Polish-language press in Ukraine in the first twenty years of the 21st century. The research shows that in the intentions of the speakers representing local Polish communities, the functions of these structures are always related to the expression of politeness. That is, the “scheme of title deprivation” characteristic of the general Polish language is not realized by adding the words “pan” or “pani” to the proper name in the narrative text. The members of the local Polish community, irrespective of their status, are the most numerous group of speakers using the analyzed structure. The reader, a member of the local community, perceives these forms as polite, and the external recipient may interpret them as violating the language etiquette (inappropriate, too familiar), especially if the hero of the statement is a Pole from Poland or a well-known person with high status.

Shame, self-disgust, and envy: An experimental study on negative emotional response in borderline personality disorder during the confrontation with the own face.

A markedly negative self-image and pervasive shame proneness have consistently been associated with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The present experimental study investigated the intensity of negative emotional responses with a focus on shame in BPD compared to healthy control persons (HCs) during an experimental paradigm promoting self-awareness, self-reflection, and self-evaluation. Furthermore, the relationship between levels of state shame during the experiment and shame proneness in BPD compared to HCs was examined. A sample of 62 individuals with BPD and 47 HCs participated in the study. During the experimental paradigm, participants were presented with photos of (i) the own face, (ii) the face of a well-known person, and (iii) of an unknown person. They were asked to describe positive facets of these faces. Participants rated the intensity of negative emotions induced by the experimental task as well the pleasantness of the presented faces. Shame-proneness was assessed using the Test of the Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA-3). Individuals with BPD experienced significantly higher levels of negative emotions than HCs both before and during the experimental task. While HC participants responded to their own face particularly with an increase in shame compared to the other-referential condition, the BPD patients responded above all with a strong increase of disgust. Furthermore, the confrontation with an unknown or well-known face resulted in a strong increase of envy in BPD compared to HC. Individuals with BPD reported higher levels of shame-proneness than HCs. Higher levels of shame-proneness were related to higher levels of state shame during the experiment across all participants. Our study is the first experimental study on negative emotional responses and its relationship to shame proneness in BPD compared to HC using the own face as a cue promoting self-awareness, self-reflection, and self-evaluation. Our data confirm a prominent role of shame when describing positive features of the own face, but they emphasize also disgust and envy as distinct emotional experience characterizing individuals with BPD when being confronted with the self.

ПУБЛІЧНІ ЗАКЛИКИ ДО ГЕНОЦИДУ: ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НОРМАТИВНОЇ КОНСТРУКЦІЇ В МІЖНАРОДНОМУ КРИМІНАЛЬНОМУ ПРАВІ ТА КРИМІНАЛЬНОМУ ЗАКОНОДАВСТВІ УКРАЇНИ

Background. The purpose of the article is to investigate the objective and subjective characteristics of public calls for genocide as a criminal offense (crime) provided for in Part 2 of Art. 442 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and in international criminal law. Methods. To achieve the set goal and defined tasks, the logical-normative method and the system analysis method formed the basis of the research. Results. The article highlights the problem of the ratio of normative compositions of public calls to genocide in the criminal legislation of Ukraine and in international criminal law. Сonclusion. The conclusion was drawn that the existence of national, ethnic, racial and religious groups, as a social value, is the object of criminal protection of public calls for genocide, and, accordingly, the direct object of this crime. It was concluded that public calls for genocide can be made in different forms and by means of any means of information transmission, the main feature of such a call is publicity, that is, expressed before or given to an indefinite number of persons, and not to a set of individualized persons. The conclusion was formulated that, unlike the criminal legislation of Ukraine, in accordance with Art. 3 of the Convention criminalizes not just public calls for genocide, but direct and public calls for genocide. Therefore, in international criminal law, calls for genocide are "not limited" to publicity, but they (calls) must be direct. It has also been investigated that the distribution of material calling for genocide consists in bringing its content to the knowledge of an unspecified number of persons and can exist in various forms (including paper, digital, globally available multi-platform encrypted freemium cloud messengers, on film or any other media built on the technology of recording, processing, transmission, storage and reproduction of textual, visual or audiovisual material) and spread in different ways depending, first of all, on the form of their "existence". Forms of actions regulated in Part 2 of Art. 442 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, are broader than in international criminal law and do not exclude each other, and in a relevant life situation, the subject can commit two or three acts at once within the limits of one actual criminal offense (crime). The subject of public calls for genocide can be not only a public or well-known person (for example, so-called "opinion makers" or "media faces"), but in general, any person who meets (possess) the characteristics necessary and sufficient for its recognition as the subject of a crime in accordance with criminal legislation. In the national criminal legislation of Ukraine, the presence of the purpose of further committing genocide in the case of public appeals and distribution of materials is not a mandatory element of the composition of the criminal offense provided for in part 2 of Article 442 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; in international criminal law and the practice of its application, a different approach has been developed: a special goal – the further commission of genocide – is a mandatory characteristic of direct and public calls for genocide.

Научное творчество Н.Д.Введенской, связанное с работой в ИПМ им. М.В. Келдыша

The work is dedicated to Nikita Dmitrievna Vvedenskaya, a mathematician, a well-known person in the mathematical circles of Moscow, who lived a long and productive life. The part of Vvedenskaya's contribution to science related to her work at the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics (KIAM) is described. Vvedenskaya proposed in the 60s computational algorithms for solving problems of the theory of the laminar boundary layer. The results obtained have become widely cited classics. Her work with co-authors from KIAM on the problem of flowing around bodies with a viscous incompressible fluid and along currents modeling atmospheric processes is the basis for further research and is world famous.

Evidentiality through reported speech: Pragma-linguistic factors affecting its reliability

This study focuses on reportative evidential that contains statements of a specific and commonly known individual with interlocutors regarding the quality of evidence s/he claimed to have, his/her trustworthiness as a person, linguistic markers, turn designs, emotional state, epistemic authority, as factors which determine the reliability of information vouched through reported speech. We collected 28 conversations in which informants were asked to convey information derived from someone well or weakly known. Topics were chiefly related to events expected to occur, films and other informative assertions. Then, respondents delivered their main reasons about (not) trusting the reported speech/speaker and regarding the modals within RS or in the assessment part. They were urged to share common conclusions about its reliability. We found out that epistemological assessment of reported speech originally derived by a well-known person is crucially related to the reported speaker’s usual shown sincerity, words chosen, while of a weakly known individual with his/her competency and quality of evidence, which can define the information as “first-hand” or not worth considering.

Mythological and Historical Representation: A Critical Discourse Analysis on Aeschylus’s Poems The Sacrifice of Iphigenia and The Battle of Salamis

An allusion is a reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art. The main purpose of this research is to find the allusion in the selected poems of Aeschylus The Battle of Salamis and The Sacrifice of Iphigenia and critically analyze the poems to explore and describe the story and mythology behind the expressions in each line. This research is conducted qualitatively and applies purposive sampling to choose and gather the data. It can be reported that both poems represent Greek mythology and history. The representation is derived from expressions, which are in the form of words and sentences. It is found that the allusion found contains names of figures in Greek mythology, such as god-goddess (Artemis), kings (Agamemnon, Atreus), and places (Strymon). These become the references to convey the meaning and to deliver the message of the poems. Regarding these names, the poet connects his idea in the poem to the Greek story and mythology. In addition, there are three functions of allusion confirmed in this research; those are delineating the character, carrying the theme, creating humor. Accordingly, it is noteworthy that allusion can be used to identify the correlation between a particular text and reality, history, and even mythology. In this case, it is noteworthy that allusion is not only a reference, but it also makes expression in the poem more vivid, flowery, interesting, and attractive.

Pavel Andreichenko as the leader of the Roma movement in the late 90s – early 2000s: new facts and evidence

In the presented article, an attempt was made to fill in the information about a well-known person in our republic, a dancer, choreographer, writer and leader of the Roma social movement, this is Pavel Andreichenko. New facts and testimonies found on the pages of the republican press testify to the versatility of the talent of this outstanding representative of the Roma people. Many years ago we wrote about P. Andreichenko as the author of one book – “Ten notebooks in the squares”, which told about the difficult fate of the entire gypsy people, who experienced humiliation and deprivation for many centuries, and in the XXth century experienced a real genocide. Pavel Andreichenko entered the history of the Roma people living in the Republic of Moldova by the fact that he was one of the first to appeal to the local authorities for help in creating a gypsy theater, opening gypsy schools, and an interest club for children and youth. In addition, Pavel Andreichenko was one of the first to speak in an interview about the mass execution of gypsies in Chisinau (near the districte “Old Post Office”). It was here, on this spot, he wanted to erect a monument to Roma children and adults, the victims who fell during the Second World War. It seems to us that the experience of social activity of the “Space Gypsy Pasha”, as Emil Loteanu once called him, can serve as an example for his followers, young activists and leaders of the Roma social movement, who have taken on the noble mission of making the dreams and aspirations of Pavel Andreichenko come true.

MИЛАН КУЈУНЏИЋ АБЕРДАР – ОД ,,БУЧНОГ БАРДА“ ОМЛАДИНЕ ДО ,,МЛАДОКОНЗЕРВАТИВЦА“ MILAN KUJUNDŽIĆ ABERDAR – FROM A “BOISTEROUS BARD” OF THE YOUTH TO THE “YOUNG CONSERVATIVE”

Milan Kujundžić Aberdar is a well-known person in Serbian science. However, his political activity has not been sufficiently researched. This paper tends to present his political activity in the period until 1880. The emphasis here is on his work within the United Serb Youth (1866‒1871), as well as on the political steps which he undertook during the 1870s. One of the aims of this paper is to show how Kujundžić, who had been perceived as a member of the Serbian liberal youth, became one of the ideologues of the Serbian Progressive Party, whose subsequent leaders were Milan Piroćanac, Milutin Garašаnin, and Stojan Novaković. This paper is based on the unpublished material of domestic provenance, and the relevant scientific literature.

Interpretation of the Road and Associated Realities in the First French Translation of Mikhail Lermontov’s Novel “A Hero of Our Time”

The anthropological turn in humanitarian thought stimulated the interest in studying the linguistic personality and individual translator's style. The paper analyses that of A. A. Stolypin (Mongo), a well-known person to the specialists of Russian literature due to his relationships with Mikhail Lermontov, a famous Russian poet. The publication of Lermontov’s novel “A Hero of Our Time” became at the time a significant event in the emerging literary life of Russia marked by Western aesthetic influences. The first French translation of this emblematic novel appeared in 1843 in the Parisian newspaper “La Démocratie pacifique: journal des intérêts des gouvernements et des peuples”. It was made by mentioned above A. A. Stolypin (Mongo), the poet’s close relative and comrade-in-arms who had reasons to leave Russia for some time. The philologists have long known about this translation, but it never became the subject of a close analysis. Filling the existing gap, we aim to introduce this notable translation into scientific circulation. The present paper is part of our research project which is based on Bakhtin’s theory of the literary chronotope, since the road chronotope is a crucial component of Lermontov’s novel. Coupled with the concept of “thematic grid” by I. V. Arnold, it forms the theoretical framework for the current study. To enhance its statistical validity, we trans-formed the Russian edition of the novel and Stolypin’s French translation into digital research corpus. Through the lens of the above theoretical tools, we view the most frequent lexical units denominating the specific road realities, including those of the North Caucasus, as they are key thematic characteristics of time and place. Therefore, their interpretation may serve to evaluate the reproducibility of the “thematic grid” and reveal the nature of the most consistently repeated trаnslator’s solutions. An additional contextual analysis using the reverse translation completes the data and serves for a more detailed and contrasted illustration of the translator’s style. Our analysis reveals the existence of a certain “blurring” of the “thematic grid” in the target text generally due to the use of specification of meaning, hyponyms instead of terms with a broader meaning. But this feature of Stolypin’s translator style does not hinder the adequate recreation of the source text and allows the reader to feel the originality of the time and space in which the events, closely related to the Caucasus Mountain region, developed.

Why should you respond to customer complaints on a personal level? The silent observer's perspective

PurposeThis paper analyzes the effect of company response style and complaint source on silent observers' reactions to a service failure episode vented on Twitter.Design/methodology/approachIn a 2 × 2 experimental design, company response style (personalized vs automatic) and complaint source (ordinary Twitter user vs influencer) were manipulated to test the hypotheses.FindingsComplaint source moderates the effect of company response style on brand image, purchase intention and electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). Thus, the authors found that a personalized response to a complaint, compared to an automatic response, leads to a more favorable brand image as well as purchase intention and eWOM intention when the complainant is an ordinary Twitter user. However, the automatic response, compared to the personalized one, is better perceived when the complainant is an influencer. The authors also found that service failure response attribution and the emotions elicited during the firm–complainant interaction mediate the previous effects.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper deals with the company's initial reaction after a complaint is posted on Twitter; however, the complaint-handling process is longer, and both the customer and silent observers await a resolution. Future research could tackle subsequent stages of the process and different recovery strategies.Practical implicationsThe study offers meaningful insights regarding complaint handling on Twitter and how the effectiveness of the company response style depends on the complaint source. Marketers should offer adapted personalized responses to prompt positive behavioral intentions for ordinary Twitter users, who represent prospective consumers. However, a personalized response given to an influencer may be perceived more negatively, as silent observers may interpret that the company offers such a response just because the complaint comes from a well-known person who can reach many users and not because of an honest interest in serving consumers.Originality/valueThis research focuses on the underresearched area of the impact of online complaints on silent observers, a large group of prospective consumers quietly exposed to complaints aired on Twitter. The underlying mechanisms are also identified.

Legal Regulation of Expressing Opinions and Beliefs in Print Mass Media

The research is focused on the problems of legal regulation of expressing opinions and beliefs in print media. The scientific novelty of the research constitutes propositions on supplementing the Law of Ukraine “On Print Mass Media (Press) in Ukraine” with a new norm that would regulate the work of electronic pages of the print media. The constitutional right to free expression of opinions and beliefs can be exercised by disseminating certain concepts in the media. Ways of expressing one’s own opinions and concepts in the press have been determined. It has been stated that a public organization or a political party can spread own opinions by creating own printed publication. An interview with a well-known public figure or politician in order to publish the text of a conversation in the press is also one of the ways to spread one’s own worldview. Another form of expression of one’s beliefs is the publication of an article prepared by a public or political organization, a well-known person in a newspaper or magazine. The author has provided characteristics of the procedure for the foundation of the printed edition. Features of the legal status and activities of journalists to collect information about the opinions and beliefs of well-known people are also reflected in the work. The legal principles for the relationship between journalists, media owners and public figures in order to spread opinions and beliefs have been clarified. The problems of legal regulation of placement of printed mass media materials on the Internet have been outlined. The author has analyzed propositions of scholars on legal regulation of disseminating information on the Internet. Suggestions on amending the legislation regulating the activities of print media on the placement of press materials on the Internet have been formulated.

Проблемы регистрации в РФ товарных знаков, сходных с именем известного в России лица

The article deals with the problems that arise when registering trademarks in the Russian Federation that are similar to the name, surname or pseudonym of a well-known person in Russia. Practical examples show the lack of a unified approach to the possibility of registering well-known surnames as trademarks. The materials of the article are prepared in accordance with the current regulatory legal acts, and all the examples considered are quite well-known in the professional environment disputable situations. The authors have formed a proposal on the need to prepare an unambiguous interpretation of the issue related to the fact that the surname, which has long become public property and is the basis of national culture, can become a protected element of a trademark. Otherwise, the copyright holder of this trademark will receive a monopoly right to use the name and surname of a well-known figure of politics, culture, science and art in the country.

ЖИЛ-БЫЛ БОРИС ВАСИЛЬЕВИЧ

Dear readers! Here is a text that is unusual in its genre. This is a dialogue with my imaginary interlocutor, the cat Kuzya. From time to time I post these texts on Facebook. But it's one thing to publish on the net and quite another to publish in a scientific journal. I don’t know how my colleagues will perceive this genre. The cat Kuzya and I continue our conversation about our friends. This time we have chosen for discussion the person of Doctor of Philosophy, Professor Markov Boris Vasilievich. Boris Vasilievich is a well-known person in Russian philosophy and does not need an introduction. In addition, he is close to us in his life attitudes. So we decided to «hook» him, as they say, for a living. However, we do not act on the principle of «beat your own so that others are afraid». We treat everyone with care and try not to cross the border of personal space. Therefore, we do not strive to «distort » our counterpart on personal grounds. In addition, Boris Vasilyevich turned out to be a painfully difficult person. In a word, «tough nut to crack». But why surprise, there are practically no others among our friends.

أثر إختلاف ألفاظ الحديث في تعليل الأحاديث عند الإمام الطبراني "من خلال كتابه المعجم الأوسط"

Praise be to all mighty Allah, Lord of the all things, and prayers and peace be upon His Messenger, our Master, The Mustafa and his family, and his Brothers among The Prophets, and his Companions, and Those who follow him with honestly until Day of Judgment, Imam al-Tabarani is one of the great scholars of Islam and the well-known person in Islamic World, He was the “Musnad Duniyah” Umamah rely on Him about Prophet’s (peace be upon him) Narrations. Al Muajm Al-Awast is most important Book of Hadith especially in ELAL (some hidden reason effect on Hadith), He said: “This is my Soul” its means core of his Knowledge, Subject of This Book collect Poor chain of Narrations, Method of Imam Al Tabrani comment every Hadith, and indicate Tafrud (singular chain or text of narration), or indicate conflict between narrators in the narration. I (Researcher) make title: “The explanation of Imam al-Tabarani by changing the body text in The Al-Mujam al-Awsat”, take some Hadiths form This Book about some words of Hadith changed that can be right and can be wrong, can be same meaning, can be differ to each other, so I explain what kind of changing ?.

A Study in Role of Celebrity Endorsements on Consumer Buying Behaviour

Celebrity Endorsement has become one of the most popular tools of advertisement in marketing; used by most of the major organizations these days. The meaning of celebrity endorsement is “a form of brand or advertising campaign that involves a well-known person using their fame to help promote a product or service”. The study has been performed using a qualitative approach and using exploratory research techniques. An extensive review of literature has been done and based on that a conceptual framework has been proposed. According to the study, the desirable qualities of a celebrity required for celebrity endorsement are Congruency, Flexibility, Expertise, Attractiveness, and Longevity & Likeability.

Authenticity Problem in Early Interpretations and Author-Work Relationship

Authenticity Problem in Early Interpretations and Author-Work Relationship

СЕРІАЛ ТА ПОЛІТИЧНЕ ШОУ ЯК НОВІ ФОРМИ ПОЛІТИЧНОЇ МЕДІАКОМУНІКАЦІЇ

<div><p><em>During the 2019 election campaign in Ukraine, one of the candidates successfully used the serial and political show.</em></p></div><p> </p><p><em>The purpose of the article is to describe the use of the serial and political show in the election campaign, to find out the reasons for the successful use of these new forms of political media communication. </em><em></em></p><p><em>The study applied the method of social and psychological justification of electoral behavior under the influence of non-traditional forms of political media communication. The theoretical basis of the study is the theories of cognitive dissonance and cognitive congruence, social perception and causal attribution, as well as the socio-communication model of the «spiral of silence». </em><em></em></p><p><em>It is established that the success of the serial and political show in the election campaign is due to a number of factors: the presence of social expectations in society, a paradigm shift, social cognitive dissonance. It is found out that with the help of the TV serial the image of V. Zelensky as a successful and democratic president was formed in the voters’ minds, as well as the idea of a majority opinion was artificially created. With the help of a political show in which V. Zelensky acted as president and other political figures, the audience was convinced that his election victory was irreversible. He has become a well-known person among the population thanks to the popular serials and films that are broadcast on the television channel, which is the leader among the population in ratings and trust. This data confirms the long-term impact of television and impact of media linked to political parties on the election results. The results of the article can be used in planning political campaigns and in further studies of the influence of the media on voter behavior.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> applied communication technologies, elections, media, television, political technologies, media psychology.</em></p>

Emigracja – kultura – wolność. O Vinku Nikoliciu i spełnionym śnie o niepodległości

Mamy wspólnego wroga, mamy wspólną ojczyznę – to zdanie autorstwa Vinka Nikolicia doskonale opisuje jego biografię, twórczość i tragedię życiową. Ten poeta i działacz emigracyjny jest dobrze znany w Chorwacji ze względu na jego przynależność do chorwackiej kultury i literatury, a także z powodu kontrowersyjnych związków z ultranacjonalistycznym ruchem ustaszowskim, który rządził Niezależnym Państwem Chorwackim (1940-1945). Celem artykułu jest ukazanie w jaki sposób V. Nikolić stał się jednym z najważniejszych chorwackich działaczy emigracyjnych w czasach istnienia socjalistycznej Jugosławii i jak zmieniły się jego zapatrywania na kwestię niezależności Chorwacji podczas blisko pięćdziesięcioletniego pobytu na emigracji.