Well-being Of Residents Research Articles

Culture-Led Regeneration in the UK——A Case Study on Hull

Culture-led regeneration is an important development of cultural policy in recent years. This paper takes the city of Hull, which was selected as a British cultural city in 2017, and discusses the strategy and implementation process of cultural regeneration. Analyzes the cultural activities of Hull City, and assess its impact on economic growth, social solidarity, and resident well-being. The study found that cultural regeneration significantly promoted the local economy, enhanced community cohesion, and improved the quality of life of the residents. However, Hull City also faces challenges in resource allocation and long-term sustainability. The conclusions of this paper show that cultural regeneration has reference value for other cities intentionally implementing similar strategies and helps to achieve sustainable and inclusive urban development.

Predicting long-term air pollutant concentrations through deep learning-based integration of heterogeneous urban data

Accurate prediction of air pollutant concentrations, specifically concerning inhalable particulate matter such as PM2.5, is crucial for proactive measures to safeguard the well-being of urban residents. This paper focuses on addressing the perceptible latency effect for long-term PM2.5 predictions produced by existing statistical models. We emphasize the importance of numerical computations in capturing substantial changes, and enhance prediction accuracy by integrating them with high-dimensional, diverse urban data. Specifically, our approach collects data from a global-to-meso-scale atmospheric dispersion model named System for Integrated modeLling of Atmospheric coMposition (SILAM), along with numerical weather forecasts, traffic congestion measurement, meteorological factors and static sources (road network and points of interest). We find that existing deep learning models are prone to overfitting when applied to complex datasets, primarily due to their uniform treatment of diverse data types as time series without adapting to the specific characteristics of each data type. To counter this, we propose a simple yet transferable deep learning architecture, focusing on the proper use of various data types. Additionally, our comparative analysis, through a case study in Shenzhen, China, shows our model not only enhances SILAM dispersion accuracy for 24h-ahead PM2.5 forecasts by a significant 30.3%, but also mitigates the noticeable latency effect of existing models by 19.5%. Finally, an ablation study further validates the importance of each data source and module of our approach.

A Multifunctional Project Study for Elazig: Botanic Park, Pumped Irrigation Line, and Solar-Hydroelectric Power Plant

Urban centers serve as more than just hubs of economic activity; they are also focal points of community life and social interaction. It is incumbent upon local authorities to elevate the standard of living within these urban environments by establishing communal spaces conducive to enhancing the well-being of residents. To this end, botanical gardens and recreational areas have been established in numerous developed cities worldwide. These amenities not only enrich the lives of inhabitants and local fauna but also constitute significant contributors to the municipal economy. Recognizing their pivotal role in urban economies, the imperative lies in implementing projects that optimize the utilization of available water resources. The prospect of establishing such a facility in the heart of Elazig holds promise. This study undertakes a preliminary assessment of the feasibility of establishing a botanical garden within the designated area, exploring avenues such as tapping into the Keban Dam reservoir, constructing a micro-hydroelectric power plant utilizing downstream water, and other potential initiatives

Quantitative assessment of urban sustainability perceptions in Lurin, Peru

In the current context, urban centres in Latin America are facing fundamental challenges in their endeavour for Sustainable Development. The focus of this study is the meticulous assessment of the perception of urban sustainability within the Lurín District of Peru. It introduces a system based on urban sustainability indicators, derived from social surveys and implements this system through linear regression models to discern their interrelations. The objective of the research is to quantify and evaluate essential elements linked to the management of natural resources, air and water quality, the advancement of sustainable mobility, education and the well-being of urban residents. By delineating these mathematical and statistical correlations amongst variables pertinent to urban sustainability, this study provides a robust framework for quantitative decision-making in the urban sphere. A methodology for the development of univariable and multivariable models has been demonstrated. Amongst the most important findings, it has been discovered that the variable Environmental Education System (SEA) is perceived as the least important and even negligible within the multivariable models. However, we believe this effect occurs because the impacts of education are perceived in the long term. This article contributes significantly to the academic discourse by providing a more nuanced understanding of the social perception of urban sustainability and its influence on policy formulation and decision-making processes in Latin America.

The delivery of multiple benefits on the Llyn Tegid reservoir safety improvements project

When Wales’ largest natural lake, Llyn Tegid, required significant reservoir safety works, the execution of sympathetic yet well-engineering solutions ensured that the scheme could stand the test of time and achieve multiple benefits for future generations. Placing sustainability at its heart, the scheme, delivered in Spring 2023, totalling £7 million, has involved strengthening works to 3 km of embankments to protect the popular tourist town of Bala from extreme weather. Boosting the wellbeing of residents and visitors within the picturesque Snowdonia landscape, works on the high-risk reservoir did not come without unique challenges. From designing for overflowing events and significant mature tree removal, to protecting internationally important habitats and working within the live reservoir basin, to name just a few. The scheme's success has been a testament to building the right team, implementing the right contractual and management controls, and establishing the right culture for compliant and high-quality solutions. Opportunities for carbon reduction and maximising value for money have been taken alongside new works to facilitate possible future expansion of Bala Lake Railway. Involving the community at every stage of this award-winning scheme, the delivery of benefits has been many, and the experiences are ones to live on for all.

Challenges and aspirations of neurosurgery residents in Germany: Insights from a questionnaire-based survey

ObjectiveNeurosurgery residents in Germany face numerous challenges including receiving comprehensive surgical training with adequate learning opportunities, achieving balanced work life equilibrium, maintaining a positive work environment and navigating career prospects. The objectives of this study are to assess overall satisfaction with the training program, identify factors contributing to dissatisfaction, explore various dimensions of the training program, evaluate the psychological well-being of residents, and ascertain their preferences for future subspecialties. MethodsA questionnaire-based survey was conducted anonymously among neurosurgery residents from various training hospitals, nationwide. The survey utilized a quantitative questionnaire as data collection tool. The data collection took place from June 2021 to January 2023. ResultsThe survey encompassed 120 neurosurgery residents, with a gender distribution of 55 % male and 45 % female. The respondents were primarily from university hospitals (53 %), followed by community hospitals (38 %) and private hospitals (9 %). In terms of training program satisfaction, 37 % reported moderate satisfaction, 39 % indicated below-moderate satisfaction, and 28 % experienced above-moderate satisfaction. The predominant causes of dissatisfaction identified were insufficient surgical exposure (reported by 39 % of respondents), suboptimal educational content (38 %), and inadequate research opportunities (32 %). Additionally, 24 % of respondents highlighted psychological stress, and 36 % reported frequent experiences of burnout. A majority (63 %) indicated a workload of 60–80 h weekly. About half of the residents indicated a future specialization interest in neurosurgical oncology. ConclusionThe results of the survey findings provide valuable insights into the challenges and aspirations of neurosurgery trainees in Germany. These results serve as a basis for improving the training system, enhancing the working environment, and guiding future planning in this field. To optimize the training of residents, it is important to address issues such as limited surgical and research opportunities and psychological well-being. The expressed interest in subspecializing offers guidance for shaping the training program’s future direction.

Utilizing regression model to characterize the impact of urban green space features on the subjective well-being of older adults

Based on the background of rapid global ageing, research exploring urban green spaces and the subjective well-being of urban residents has become one of the key research interests. However, the evidence for assessing the real benefits of urban green spaces on the subjective well-being of older adults by comprehensively examining the features of urban green spaces is limited. We surveyed older urban green space users (n = 536) aged 60 years and older in Nanjing, China, and evaluated the impacts of spatial, green, and grey features of urban green spaces on older people's overall satisfaction with urban green spaces and subjective well-being. The results of the multiple linear regression model showed a strong association between the three types of urban green space features, overall satisfaction with urban green space, and subjective well-being of older adults. The study results indicated that the grey feature of urban green spaces emerged as the most influential factor (p = 0.004) among the three features of urban green spaces in relation to their effect on the subjective well-being of older adults. This implies that it is essential to focus on the importance of grey s of urban green spaces in the planning and design of urban green spaces for older adults' use of different urban green spaces and their sense of well-being. These results contribute to the development of healthy ageing policies and age-friendly urban green space management strategies in rapid ageing countries around the world.

Ecological benefits of roof gardens and the difference of roof gardens in different regions

As a result of the rapid pace of urbanization today, environmental destruction is outpacing regeneration, and many "urban diseases" are occurring frequently. Therefore, there is a need for a facility that can protect the environment without destroying the original city - roof gardens. This paper focuses on the ecological benefits of rooftop gardens and their application in practical situations. It is found that rooftop gardens can improve air quality, store rainwater, mitigate the heat island effect and protect biodiversity. These effects have well alleviated the problems of urban air pollution, water resource stress, urban heat island effect and destruction of ecological environment. And research has found that there are already many excellent examples of the application of rooftop gardens at home and abroad, helping to confirm that rooftop gardens do indeed have the ecological benefits mentioned above, adding to the feasibility. Rooftop gardens are indispensable in the construction of future cities for the well-being of urban residents.

Exploring the nexus between national innovation performance and happiness

The study of happiness in economics has started to gain considerable momentum. Social policy factors are currently being recognized as determinants of national competitiveness, while innovation is an important factor to ensure economic growth and societal well-being. In order to shed light on the complex relationship between innovation performance and societal happiness, an examination was conducted in 130 countries that covered observations from 2011 to 2022. The analysis aims to uncover the degree to which these two dimensions are interconnected and to discern whether one may be identified as the causal factor of the other. The results derived from the SGMM regressions reveal that spaces characterized by elevated levels of innovation also tend to exhibit correspondingly higher indicators of resident happiness. Notably, this relationship is particularly pronounced in countries with observed real income per capita. Consequently, this study supports the hypothesis that innovation fosters improvements in resident well-being, despite ongoing debates. In light of these results, understanding the positive association between innovation and happiness has significant policy implications for fostering economic growth and enhancing quality of life on a national scale.

A fuzzy-based emotion detection method to classify the attractiveness of urban green spaces

In European studies, the most used definition of Urban Green Spaces (UGS) is based on the European Urban Atlas, which includes public green areas primarily used for recreation and green areas adjacent to urban areas that are managed or utilized for recreational purposes. UGS play a vital role in creating sustainable and resilient cities, as they provide essential social benefits for the well-being and health of urban residents. Both planners and scientists acknowledge the importance of involving, actively or passively, citizens in defining criteria for designing and managing inclusive and functional UGS. According to a post-normal science approach, the integration of hard data from scientific sources with soft data gathered from citizens’ engagement holds the potential to shape an innovative support system for public policies addressing significant, urgent, and uncertain challenges pertaining to UGS. Nowadays, the abundance of data generated through online reviews, opinions, and comments allows for collecting valuable information about people’s opinions and sentiments towards UGS. This study proposes a methodological framework that utilizes emotion detection techniques to identify and analyze citizens’ emotions concerning UGS through social reviews. To balance computational costs and classification accuracy, the framework introduces a fuzzy emotion-based classification method called FREDoC (Fuzzy Relevance Emotions Document Classification). This method incorporates a lightweight natural language pro-cessing (NLP) approach to detect and annotate terms associated with specific emotional categories within the text. The framework adopts the psycho-evolutionary classification approach based on R. Plutchik’s observations of general emotional responses. This model is implemented within a Geographical Information System (GIS) for the purpose of categorizing UGS, specifically green parks, according both to WHO report key indicators and to the detected relevant emotions. The outcome is a novel classification model of UGS that can assist decision-makers in identifying the attractiveness of UGS as catalysts for urban transformation processes.

The relationship between self-efficacy, resilience, and job burnout in pediatric residents: a cross-sectional study in Western China

BackgroundBurnout is prevalent among pediatric residents. Self-efficacy and resilience, as concepts of positive psychology, may be protective factors for burnout. However, no current data demonstrates the mechanism of their interaction.ObjectivesTo investigate the pediatric residents’ status of self-efficacy, resilience, and job burnout in a university-affiliated hospital in western China. To explore relationships among them, especially the mediating effects of resilience.MethodsThe study was conducted with 190 pediatric residents from an A-Class women’s and children’s hospital in western China. Data included demographic characteristics, status of pediatric residents, measures of burnout (using the Physicians’ Career Burnout Questionnaire), self-efficacy (using the General Self-Efficacy Scale) and resilience (using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale). Multiple regression analysis and mediation analysis with bootstrapping were used to identify whether resilience mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and burnout.ResultsFemale pediatric residents exhibited significantly lower self-efficacy (t = 2.53, p<0.05) and higher levels of job burnout (t=-2.64, p<0.01) compared to male residents. Residents in the standardized training stage experienced higher levels of job burnout compared to those who had completed the training, as indicated by t-values of -3.21, -2.13, and − 2.80 (p<0.05). Significant correlations (p ≤ 0.01) were found among self-efficacy, resilience, and burnout. Additionally, our findings indicated that pediatric residents’ self-efficacy can positively predict job burnout and its three dimensions through a major mediating effect of resilience.ConclusionsThe findings regarding the mediating effect of resilience on the influence of self-efficacy on burnout, and their association with gender and residency status, have practical implications for interventions aimed at reducing burnout and improving the well-being of pediatric residents.

Financial market participation, household asset choices, and resident well-being: An empirical analysis of China family panel studies data

As a fundamental unit of economic society, family participation is crucial for promoting financial market development and social progress. This study empirically tested the impact of residents’ household financial market participation on their well-being using Chinese micro-household data. The findings show that residents’ participation in financial markets can significantly enhance their well-being. The choice of household assets played a significant positive moderating role in financial market participation on residents’ well-being. Further analysis indicates that marketization and urban residency positively mediated the effects of financial market participation on residents’ well-being.

Содержание тяжелых металлов в почвах и листьях насаждений березы повислой (Москва)

The ecological condition of urban plantations is an urgent problem of our time. The condition of plantations and soils characterizes the ecological and sanitary condition of the environment. In the structure of the cities, urban and forest parks are of particular importance. They mainly perform recreational functions, contributing to improving the health and well-being of city residents. Woody plants, due to their properties to absorb harmful substances that come with air pollution from industrial enterprises and motor vehicles, are one of the main mechanisms for stabilizing the environmental situation in cities. Technogenic pollutants, a significant proportion of which are heavy metals, make a significant contribution to the pollution of ecosystems. Heavy metals represent a specific category of particularly toxic pollutants. The main sources of their entry into the soil are related to human activity. Heavy metals are accumulated by plants, which negatively affects the condition of urban plantations. Soil contamination with heavy metals leads to significant changes in the agrochemical state of the soil and the entire ecosystem. The accumulation of heavy metals in ecosystems depends on various factors, mainly on the condition of the soil and vegetation and the level of anthropogenic impact. The article describes the quantitative content of copper, lead, cadmium, nickel and zinc in the samples of soil and leaves of silver birch growing in the territories of Moscow parks. The sample plots have been laid in different functional areas of the parks: at the alleged sources of negative impact, as well as at points farthest from anthropogenic objects. The results of the study have been compared with the standards for maximum permissible concentrations, the biological absorption coefficient has been calculated, and the accumulation of heavy metals has been revealed depending on the location of the object relative to potential sources of pollution. The soils of the plantations under study contain concentrations of heavy metals that do not exceed the MPC level. The exception is zinc. Its amount in some sample plots has been increased several times. Birch leaves have shown an uneven accumulation of heavy metals depending on both the concentrations of the elements in the soil and the location of the sample plots.

The urban desirability paradox: U.K. urban-rural differences in well-being, social satisfaction, and economic satisfaction.

As the majority of the global population resides in cities, it is imperative to understand urban well-being. While cities offer concentrated social and economic opportunities, the question arises whether these benefits translate to equitable levels of satisfaction in these domains. Using a robust and objective measure of urbanicity on a sample of 156,000 U.K. residents aged 40 and up, we find that urban living is associated with lower scores across seven dimensions of well-being, social satisfaction, and economic satisfaction. In addition, these scores exhibit greater variability within urban areas, revealing increased inequality. Last, we identify optimal distances in the hinterlands of cities with the highest satisfaction and the least variation. Our findings raise concern for the psychological well-being of urban residents and show the importance of nonlinear methods in urban research.

Attributes Associated with Burnout among Pediatric Residents in Training Hospitals of Central Visayas

This study focused on burnout among pediatric resident physicians in Central Visayas, exploring its association with various factors and coping strategies. The research objectives aimed to describe the socio-demographic profiles of respondents, assess burnout levels, analyze psychological distress, examine associations between socio-demographic factors and burnout/psychological distress, and identify burnout factors and coping strategies. The study utilized a cross-sectional design involving 80 pediatric residents, using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire, and self-assessment questions. The analysis included mean, standard deviation, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests to explore associations and predictors of burnout. The findings revealed no incidence of burnout but indicated moderate emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization, and high personal accomplishment. The majority had experienced burnout in previous residency years. The top burnout factors were co-residents, conflicts, and consultants, while coping strategies included stress eating, exercise, and vacation leave. Psychological distress ranged from mild to severe, with anxiety and depression prevalent among certain groups. The study suggests the need for work-life balance training to address burnout incidents, particularly in developing economies like the Philippines. This recommendation aims to support the well-being of pediatric residents and improve their work-life balance.

Evaluating the Impact of Training Duration on Resident Sleep Patterns and Well-Being in Family Medicine.

Evaluating the Impact of Training Duration on Resident Sleep Patterns and Well-Being in Family Medicine.

Geographic Trends in Ophthalmology Resident Physician Compensation and Cost-of-Living Expenses

Given that resident physician financial strain has been associated with poor outcomes, objective metrics to forecast financial well-being may be useful to (1) applicants when evaluating ophthalmology residency programs and (2) programs when determining resident benefits. To determine and compare the relative value of ophthalmology resident stipends plus benefits when adjusted for cost-of-living expenses and to analyze program characteristics associated with greater resident net incomes. In this cross-sectional study, the American Medical Association's Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database was used to identify US Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited ophthalmology residency programs. Resident physician stipends and stipends plus benefits as well as residency program characteristics from the 2023-2024 academic year were noted for all eligible programs. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Living Wage Calculator's required annual income (RAI) was selected as a surrogate to approximate cost-of-living expenses. Residency program characteristics, including affiliation, size, ranking, presence of housing benefit, and training year. The primary outcome was the annual stipend plus benefits income surplus (SPBIS) for each residency program, defined as the resident's stipend plus benefits (SPB) minus the RAI for the county in which the residency program is located. Secondary outcomes included income surplus variation by program characteristics. Of 116 ophthalmology residency programs analyzed, 37 (31.9%) were located in the Northeast, 36 (31.0%) in the South, 29 (25.0%) in the Midwest, and 14 (12.1%) in the West. The mean (SD) postgraduate year 1 resident annual SPB was $65 397 ($8205), and the median (IQR) was $63 986 ($59 992-$69 698). After adjusting for the cost of living, the mean (SD) SPBIS was $27 459 ($5734) and the median (IQR) was $27 380 ($23 625-$31 796). Annual cost-of-living expenses varied by as much as $8628 (95% CI, $6310-$10 947) and SPBIS varied by as much as $6283 (95% CI, $3367-$9198) between regions. Resident SPB increased by a mean (SD) of 3.97% (0.98%) for each subsequent training year (range, 0.93%-7.26%). Annual SPBIS increased by a mean (SD) of 9.48% (3.60%) for each subsequent training year. After adjusting for living costs, intraregional and interregional differences in SPBIS among ophthalmology residents can vary by thousands of dollars, impacting residents' financial security. Further discussion regarding compensation may lead to innovative strategies that aim to improve resident well-being and performance.

Perceived social fairness and trust in government serially mediate the effect of governance quality on subjective well-being

Governance quality refers to how well the processes and institutions of public governance function and is widely recognized as having an important influence on human well-being. We developed and tested a theoretical model that elucidates the relationship between governance quality and the subjective well-being of residents in China by revealing the serial mediation effects of perceived social fairness and trust in government. Using data from the nationally representative Chinese Social Survey conducted in 2021 (n = 5019), we performed structural equation modeling to empirically examine our hypotheses. The results indicated that governance quality exerted a significant positive fully indirect impact on subjective well-being through perceived social fairness, trust in government, and their serial mediation effects. This study contributes to the literature by providing valuable insights into the determinants of subjective well-being and highlighting the serial mediating roles of perceived social fairness and trust in government in the relationship between governance quality and subjective well-being. The findings also provide practical insights for policymakers, as they indicate that promoting perceived social fairness and fostering trust in government are essential to translate governance quality into subjective well-being.

Quantitative analysis of social service space equity in urban parks in China

This study aims to quantitatively analyze the equity of social service space in urban parks in China, in order to explore the equity issues faced by different social groups in accessing urban park services. The research background focuses on the importance of urban parks as social service spaces, particularly in improving residents’ quality of life and well-being. Through a comprehensive literature review, the study examines the social service functions of urban parks, the relationship between parks and social psychology, and the theoretical framework of equity. The study employs quantitative research methods, collects data on urban park usage and resident satisfaction, and defines relevant analysis variables. The data analysis section reveals the basic characteristics of park service space usage and resident well-being index through descriptive statistical methods. Subsequently, quantitative analysis is conducted to evaluate the current status of equity in urban park service space and explore the key factors influencing equity. The study reveals a significant correlation between social psychological factors, resident well-being index, and equity in park service space. Finally, the research conclusion emphasizes the importance of improving equity in social service space in urban parks and provides specific policy recommendations. At the same time, the study acknowledges its limitations and suggests future research directions. This study provides insights for urban planners and policymakers on how to enhance equity in urban park services and offers important strategic guidance for improving overall well-being of urban residents.

Creating Resilient Smart Homes with a Heart: Sustainable, Technologically Advanced Housing across the Lifespan and Frailty through Inclusive Design for People and Their Robots

The design of age-friendly homes benefits vulnerable groups, such as frail people and older adults. Advances in smart home technologies, including robots, have important synergies with homes designed for health needs. Yet, focus on environmental and sustainable housing design and improvements misses important opportunities for collective impact. Stronger involvement of disciplines, such as those from the built environment for technological integration within homes and effects on space and the community, is needed. There is a need for a unified framework integrating the needs and factors of the resident, smart home technologies and robots, and the built environment, and that includes the concept of a “home”. With the remodeling of housing towards sustainable and environmental targets, as well as advances in smart home technologies such as robots, the timeliness of shared input for the benefit of residents now and in the future is of the essence. This would help target future research into effective and optimized cohabitation with technology within homes for the purpose of improving the wellbeing of residents.