Well-being Of People Research Articles

Comusichiamo. First Language, Life-Soundtracks and Storytelling to Support the Cultural Wellbeing of Migrants Living with Dementia

ABSTRACT This study, located at the intersection of anthropology, ageing, music therapy and dementia, explores the value of music, life-storytelling and first language, to support the cultural identity and wellbeing of people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds living with dementia in Australia. It uses participant observation, the collection of oral histories and ‘life soundtracks’ to co-create a song with older Italian migrants and their families. This paper presents the first case study which informed the development of the music engagement program we call Comusichiamo (let’s make music together). The case study shows that the co-creation of a culturally tailored song, composed and sung in first language, can enhance physical and social engagement, and contribute to the general wellbeing of participants living with dementia, and their carers. Central to the program is the sharing of life history, comprising autobiographic memory, the use of ipsissima verba, the precise words participants employ repeatedly, and ipsissima fabula, the particularistic stories participants narrate frequently. This music engagement program supports a relationship-centred approach to dementia care, drawing on narrative theory and anthropological notions of personhood, and Benenzon’s notion of ‘sound identity’, to support cultural safety, protect personhood, and guard against ‘social death’.

Safeguarding the health and wellbeing of transgender young people.

Safeguarding the health and wellbeing of transgender young people.

PRevention Intervention and Support in Mental health for people with aphasia (Aphasia PRISM): protocol and mixed methods analysis plan for two feasibility studies

BackgroundPeople with aphasia commonly experience depression and anxiety. The individual therapy program, Aphasia PRevention Intervention and Support in Mental health (Aphasia PRISM) offers low intensity psychotherapeutic interventions using communication supports. Trained stroke clinicians from disciplines other than psychology (e.g., allied health professional, nurse, doctor) can deliver such interventions. The aim of the planned studies is to test the acceptability, feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of Aphasia PRISM for preventing depression and anxiety and supporting wellbeing in people with aphasia after stroke.MethodThis protocol describes two feasibility studies of the Aphasia PRISM using parallel, convergent, mixed methods designs. Participants will be adults with aphasia after stroke from a metropolitan healthcare site (Study A, pre-post case series, approximate n = 6) and two regional/rural sites (Study B, randomised controlled trial, n = 30; random allocation to either: treatment arm Aphasia PRISM + usual care; or attention control of secondary stroke prevention information + usual care) in Victoria, Australia. Eligible participants will be offered 7 weekly intervention sessions (via telehealth or in person). Other participant groups include stroke clinicians / site managers and family members. Feasibility will be assessed with treatment acceptability ratings (primary outcome) and secondary outcomes such as recruitment rate and participant clinical response. Participant clinical responses to intervention will be collected pre-intervention (baseline), concurrently (4 week acceptability measure), immediately post (8 weeks), follow-up (3 months) and follow-up at 6 months (Study B only). Descriptive statistics will be used to analyse quantitative data based on the type and distribution of data. Reflexive thematic analysis, an inductive approach will be used to analyse qualitative data.DiscussionAphasia PRISM offers the potential for trained stroke clinicians to deliver low intensity psychotherapeutic interventions with communication supports to people with aphasia. Studies A and B were registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials registry under one registration (ACTRN12620000209998) 20th February 2020.

Exploring the Relationship Between Experiences of Violence and Subjective Wellbeing: A Cross-Sectional Survey Among School Teachers in Nyarugusu Refugee Camp in Tanzania.

Experiences of violence have been reported to be associated with lower levels of subjective wellbeing (SWB). However, little is known about this association in conflict settings and among forcibly displaced populations. In this study we exploit data from a representative sample of refugee teachers from Nyarugusu Refugee Camp collected as part of a larger study, to examine the association between demographic characteristics and SWB, and between experiences of violence and SWB. Three cross-sectional surveys of primary and secondary school teachers were conducted, collecting data on lifetime experience of violence (physical and sexual) and SWB (measured by life satisfaction and current happiness, on 1-5 Likert scales). Linear mixed models were used to estimate the associations between violence and SWB accounting for teacher and school clustering, unadjusted and adjusted for main factors associated with SWB. The 3 surveys included 1,666 responses completed by 885 teachers. Country of origin and number of meals consumed per day were strongly associated with SWB. Individuals who experienced physical violence reported on average, 0.13 lower life satisfaction scores (95% CI [-0.23, -0.02], p = .016) compared to those who did not experience physical violence, while survivors of sexual violence reported on average, 0.24 lower happiness scores ([-0.43, -0.05], p = .014) compared to those who did not experience sexual violence, after adjusting for confounders and clustering. We found an important negative association between past experience of violence and SWB in a refugee camp setting. These findings contribute to the evidence that violent experiences are likely to have a long-lasting impact on people's wellbeing. There is a need for improved mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings.

Modern approaches in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention from obesity

Today, from 1.0 to 1.9 billion adults are overweight, including 312-650 million of them, and 124 million children and adolescents are obese. In Russia and Europe, about 60% of residents are obese and overweight. According to WHO forecasts, by 2025 the number of obese patients will double and will account for 30-50% of the population of economically developed countries. Morbid obesity is usually a multifactorial disease that is acquired and progresses under the influence of many factors (geography, level of economic development, cultural values, lifestyle, and others) as well as hereditary predisposition. Among people suffering from comorbid obesity, there is an atypical course of concomitant comorbid diseases. Against the background of morbid obesity, the likelihood of acquiring other diseases of organs and systems increases: the cardiovascular system, hormonal system, digestive tract, erosive esophagitis, fatty liver dystrophy, cirrhosis of the liver, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, etc. To confirm the presence of morbid obesity in humans, the following indicators are evaluated: the number of kilograms per square meter of human body area (BMI calculation), waist circumference, triglyceride index, as well as the use of instrumental diagnostics: radiation and ultrasound methods to study the level of obesity of internal organs. To date, orlistat, sibutramine and liraglutide have been registered in Russia for the conservative therapy of morbid obesity, i.e. the choice of drugs is very limited. Surgical methods and electrical stimulation of the stomach are also used. Obesity ranked 5th in the world ranking of risk factors for premature death. A targeted policy and an integrated approach aimed at improving the system of medical care for overweight and obese patients should become key factors in achieving the national goal of improving people's health and well-being. The expansion of preventive measures at the local, regional and federal levels will help significantly reduce the spread of this pathology and prevent the development of an "obesity pandemic".

A Collaborative Approach to Promote Sustainable Learning for Vulnerable Learners in Zimbabwean Rural Secondary Schools

Purpose. Many children who attend rural schools are faced with challenges which make them vulnerable. Vulnerability does not only affect those learners, but it also disrupts the teaching and learning process; that is teachers and other learners and the well-being of people in the community. Arguably, the responsibility of supporting learners who are vulnerable so that they can attain an education which is sustainable rests in the hands of the entire community. The purpose of this study was to explore how a collaborative approach utilising community capitals can promote sustainable learning for vulnerable learners in Zimbabwean rural secondary schools. The study used the Community Capitals Framework (CCF) as the analytical framework for the study. Methodology. The study employed a qualitative methodology using Participatory Action Research (PAR) and Critical Emancipatory Research (CER) paradigms. Data were generated through discussion meetings and photovoice with learners, teachers, and parents from two rural secondary schools in Zimbabwe. Fairclough’s (1992) critical discourse analysis principles and a photovoice methodology were used for data analysis. Results. Results show that there is a need to develop a good learning environment, community engagement, and untap opportunities in local capitals to support the vulnerable learners, enhancing sustainable learning. The study also stresses the need for a positive relationship and engagement with communities, alongside leveraging all the types of capital in the community, including human capital, cultural capital, built capital, and social capital to mitigate some of the risks that learners may face. Conclusions. From the study, it is evident that a stakeholder-supported approach and leveraging on community capital is an appropriate way of addressing learner vulnerability and fostering learning in the rural secondary schools in Zimbabwe. The involvement of the community can also be used as a force to encourage the development of an environment conducive to learning that will foster the achievement of the education goals for vulnerable learners.

Examining the Change of Green View Index (GVI) at Street Eye-Level with GSV and YSV

Green spaces in cities make them look better and benefit the environment and people's well-being. Spending time in nature reduces stress, improves mental relaxation, and increases happiness. Green spaces also encourage people to be more active, which strengthens muscles, improves heart health, and reduces the risk of obesity. Tools like Google Street View (GSV) and Yandex Street View (YSV) simplify tracking and assessing these urban green areas. This gives planners up-to-date information to effectively plan and manage cityscapes. However, limitations exist. Information on street-level greenery assessment can be scarce, making planning challenging. This study used the Green View Index (GVI) to assess street greenery using GSV images. The study found GSV and YSV to be good tools for assessing and monitoring street-level greenery. GVI was also suggested as a possible way to objectively measure street-level greenness, which could be useful for urban landscape planning and management.

Healthcare in the Age of Google

We were inspired to write this commentary because of an encounter at a conference where physicians told medical and undergraduate students that they laugh when patients Google search medical information. We recognized these actions to be rooted in oppression. Despite public commitments made by the medical community and other health professional groups to combat racism and other forms of oppression, some healthcare encounters continue to be rooted in racism and discrimination. We specifically address anti-Indigenous racism and its impacts on the health and well-being of Indigenous Peoples to Turtle Island. We recommend the implementation of anti-racist and anti-colonial pedagogies to ensure that medical schools, other health professional programs, and healthcare institutions are training anti-oppressive care providers.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Sudarshan Kriya Yoga on Academic Stress among B.Sc Nursing Students,at Selected Nursing Colleges, Bangalore, Karnataka

Stress is an endemic problem. Its presents in each stage of human life. It may be eustress which motivate the human beings and distress which produce negative effects to the people. Every child spending around four developmental stages in educational institutions that is from toddler period to early adult stage for finishing up of their higher degree courses. Everyone adolescent having their own goals to achieve the higher carrier job. Especially in college level students are getting more stress related to studies because after that, they must enter in job to earn money or huge college fees and parents couldn’t be able to pay the fees or their medium of education they studied in college level. so many causes are producing stress to the college students that leads to low academic performance. Complementary and alternative medicines have been practised thousands of years by many people. Sudarshan kriya is a type of simple breathing technique which reduce stress, anxiety, and improve attention & concentration and mental well-being of people. This study had done for the benefit of students as they will get relax from their academic stress and enhance their academic performance. The major objective of the study is, Assess the Effectiveness of Sudarshan Kriya on Academic Stress among B.Sc nursing 1st year students. The research design is adopted in this study is quasi experimental one group pre-test post-test design. 60 samples were selected by purposive sampling technique and data were collected with the use of Academic Stress Scale. The findings of the study shows that the mean and standard deviation value for pre-test 3.8 &.68 and post-test mean and Standard Deviation is 1.75&.7 and the “t” test value 4.5 which is highly significant at p<0.05. Results: The study conclude that Sudarshan kriya is effective for reduce the academic stress and improve mental relaxation to the students.

Assessing distributional justice around Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) provided by urban green areas: The case of Bologna

Cultural Ecosystem Services (CES) and related flows of benefits – heavily influencing societal and individual health and wellbeing - are usually ascribed non-consumptive values. However, despite the increasing recognition of their contribution to citizens’ quality of life, the intangible nature of CES makes it difficult to quantify them and hard to be integrated in decision making and planning processes. Nevertheless, the assessment of the societal relevance of CES would largely help to improve people wellbeing and quality of life. CES depend not only on the characteristics and features of urban green areas, but also on preferences and needs of the users that interact with them and that contribute to co-produce ES related benefits and values. These diverse needs, coupled with the uneven distribution of urban green area and diverse ways of managing them in the city, could affect the way ES are produced and further exacerbate existing inequalities and disparities. This contribution investigates the case study of the city of Bologna, introducing a spatial approach based on a new and pluralistic notion of urban green area that consider sport facilities and Green Stewards activities, to assess the related CES co-production paths and distributional dimension of justice in the city. Results show a good accessibility to urban green area throughout the city of Bologna (around .70 %). Nevertheless, CES co-production paths are limited in those areas of the city with higher population vulnerability index, due to lower urban green area facilities and green stewards activities, thus highlighting areas with higher distributional and procedural injustice path.

The association of micro and macro worries with psychological distress in people living with chronic kidney disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Psychological distress can be exacerbated by micro (personal) and macro (societal) worries, especially during challenging times. Exploration of this relationship in people with chronic kidney disease is limited. (1) To identify the types and levels of worries concerning people with chronic kidney disease in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) to explore the association of worries with psychological distress including depression, stress, anxiety, and health anxiety. A cross-sectional online survey collected data at two time points (Autumn 2020, n = 528; Spring 2021, n = 241). Participants included kidney transplant recipients and people with non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease. The survey included questions about worry taken from the World Health Organisation COVID-19 Survey, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and the Short Health Anxiety Index. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression. Worries about loved ones' health, the healthcare system becoming overloaded, losing a loved one, economic recession, and physical health were the highest rated concerns. Worrying about mental health was associated with higher depression, stress, anxiety, and health anxiety. Worrying about physical health was associated with anxiety and health anxiety. Worrying about losing a loved one was associated with health anxiety, and worrying about not being able to pay bills was associated with stress. People with kidney disease reported micro and macro worries associated with psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study highlights factors that should be considered to improve the mental health and well-being of people with kidney disease.

Dakwah sebagai Pendorong Pembangunan Ekonomi Berkelanjutan di Masyarakat

This research aims to understand the relationship between da'wah and economic development, the basic concept of development, and sustainable economic development. Currently, da'wah is often seen only as an activity to spread religious teachings, not as an effort to improve people's welfare, even though there are still inequalities in development, especially in the economic aspect. The method used in this study is Library Research, which utilizes various literature to collect data from relevant sources, such as journals, books, books, and certain writings. In the perspective of Islam, da'wah is not only limited to ritual and spiritual aspects, but also covers various aspects of life, including economics. Islam emphasizes that the well-being of society involves more than just worship of Allah; It is also related to how individuals and communities can live decently, prosperously, and fairly. Da'wah and economic development influence each other and can strengthen each other. In addition, education and the dissemination of religious values play an important role in increasing public awareness and knowledge. Development aims to improve the standard of living of the community to be better and prosperous, it is expected to meet the economic, social, and environmental needs of the current community without sacrificing the capabilities of future generations

The influence of kindness on academics' identity, well-being and stress.

The well-being of people working and studying in higher education, including students, staff, and faculty, is a topic of increasing concern. The lack of well-being may be attributed to the current academic context, which does not consistently provide cues that affirm social inclusion to all members of the academic population. This study examines the role of kindness (defined as actions that affirm dignity and social inclusion) in promoting identification with community and well-being in higher education utilizing a cross-sectional study of 182 diverse members of higher education. To assess the extent that kindness relates to the acquisition of institutional identity, well-being, and stress, we developed and validated two novel psychometric rating scales for kindness: Kindness Received (α = 0.927, ώ = .921) and Kindness Given (α = .859, ώ = .860). Initial analysis showed that receiving kindness was significantly associated with increased well-being, reduced stress, and improved institutional identity. Giving kindness was significantly associated with decreased stress reduction and decreased institutional identity. Results from structural equation modeling shows that institutional identity mediates the relationship between receiving kindness and well-being. Qualitative analysis of micronarratives regarding kindness showed that feeling safe and being acknowledged are the most commonly described experiences of kindness, both acts that affirm dignity. The findings from this study suggests that kindness contributes towards improving diverse people's well-being and increased identification with institutions of higher education. Measurement of kindness provides methods for assessing institutional changes that foster greater positivity and inclusion in higher education settings.

What is Life Story Work? How defining approaches can bring clarity to research, training, and practice

Abstract Within health and social care settings, Life Story Work (LSW) for care-experienced children and young people is a social intervention that includes using a biographical or narrative approach. LSW is cited in policy, practice guidance and literature as important in helping young people develop their identity, increase placement stability and in supporting mental health and well-being. Despite an acknowledgement of the potential benefits of LSW, recent studies suggest that little is known about LSW effectiveness in practice, with a lack of qualitative studies available. In this article, we explore the potential benefits of LSW to care-experienced young people and the barriers to research, training, and practice, and suggest that clearly defined approaches could provide clarity for carers, practitioners and researchers. We introduce five defined approaches to LSW that are informed by literature and current practice. We provide examples of how they might be incorporated into research, training, and practice, then discuss how use of the five approaches could meet practice guidance requirements, and increase the emotional and psychological well-being of care-experienced young people. We conclude by suggesting how the approaches may be used within LSW research to develop an international evidence base for best practice.

Research on the Interactive Effects of Parenting Advertising Under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS)

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the different effects of advertising interactive experiences, and explore effective advertising interactive methods, to provide effective parenting advertising training for abusive parents. Theoretical Framework: Refers to the multi-sensory advertising interaction model based on the studies before, such as the AIEDA tourism advertising effects model, schema congruence theory, and a spiral brand experience concept. Method: This study conducted the distinct "Systematic Literature Review Synthesis Process", a stand-alone literature review typology that helps make sense of a chosen body of current literature and helps determine the theoretical framework at the early stages of research ideation. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that visual, auditory, and multi-sensory interactions all have different elements and characteristics and could cause different levels of attention, memory, and emotions for audiences. Research Implications: The results are expected to guide the development of a theoretical framework for combining advertising and user experience interaction. Originality/Value: The research helps to identify interactive sensory experience characteristics in advertisements, guide the effective dissemination of parenting public service advertisements, and create a happier family atmosphere for children, to promote SDG 3 on ensuring healthy lifestyles and promoting the well-being of people of all ages.

The Relocation of Indonesia's Capital: Public Policy Analysis and Its Implications for Regional Development

The relocation of the Indonesian capital has become a significant topic of debate in Indonesian public policy. In analyzing public policy and its implications, this study explores the factors that influenced the government's decision to move the country's capital. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this study considers the geopolitical, economic, social, and environmental aspects associated with the relocation process. The implications of this policy are also examined, including its impact on national development, the distribution of political power, as well as people's welfare. This research aims to provide a deeper understanding of the process of relocating Indonesia's capital and evaluate its impact on society and the country as a whole.

Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the experiences of incarcerated pregnant people

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately impacted incarcerated populations, yet few studies have investigated the specific effects on incarcerated pregnant people. This study compares pregnant people’s experiences of pregnancy and parenting in prison before and during the pandemic in order to explore the impacts of COVID-19 on this population.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with pregnant people at a state prison as part of a larger study on pregnant people’s experiences during incarceration. Interviews explored participants’ experiences and decision-making related to pregnancy and parenting while incarcerated. This secondary analysis compared interviews conducted between June 2019 and March 2020 (pre-COVID-19) to interviews conducted between June and November 2020 (during COVID-19). Interviews conducted during the pandemic included questions about the impact of COVID-19 on participants’ experiences. Brief three and six-month follow-up interviews were conducted when possible.ResultsCOVID-19 introduced new stressors and exacerbated preexisting stressors around participants’ reproductive and parenting experiences. Three major themes emerged: 1) incarceration causes mental, emotional, and physical distress during pregnancy and parenting; 2) COVID-19 worsened conditions of incarceration, contributing to participants’ distress; and 3) the introduction of quarantine protocols during the pandemic felt uniquely punitive for pregnant and postpartum people.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic was characterized as a major crisis and primary threat to public health, particularly for incarcerated individuals. Yet just as COVID-19 exacerbated preexisting disparities for marginalized, non-incarcerated communities, incarcerated pregnant people similarly described a “worsening” of already-intolerable conditions. The indiscriminate application of quarantine protocols for pregnant people reflects broader carceral logics of control that do not account for the wellbeing of pregnant and postpartum people and their infants, as evidenced by current practices of infant separation, a lack of support, and physically taxing living conditions.

Kuit: An Enterprise's Commitment to Sustainability through Technological Development

This article is a case study that aims to show how Kuit, a social enterprise, addresses the challenge of technological management while meeting its social, environmental and economic business objectives. The study examines innovation through technological development as part of a business strategy to promote ethical and sustainable business practices, which are focused on the health and well-being of people through the production and distribution of kombucha. The relevance of the case study lies in showing the technological management strategy implemented by the founders of Kuit, which has led them to a process innovation and a patent application. This innovation has been recognized by the Secretariat of Innovation, Science and Technology of the State of Jalisco, with Kuit being one of the five finalists for the 2021 Jalisco Innovation Award. Innovation has allowed Kuit to be a sustainable company both technically and financially, fulfilling its social and environmental mission.

Personal care products use during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Environmental and public health impact assessment using wastewater-based epidemiology

The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had profound consequences on people's wellbeing, societies and economy worldwide. This manuscript discusses public exposure to chemicals of concern in personal care products (parabens and benzophenones) during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. These were monitored for two years in four catchments (two cities and two towns) in South West England accounting for >1 million people. Results showed slightly higher usage of personal care products in small towns than big cities. Major changes in usage of parabens (p values < 0.05) were observed during national lockdowns (NLs). This is likely due to increased awareness towards personal hygiene. In contrast, benzophenones showed seasonal trends; there were higher correlations with sunshine prevalence and temperature rather than NLs reflecting their usage in sunscreen products. Estimation of per capita intake of parabens and benzophenones using WBE revealed lower intake than the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) established by the EFSA; however, the metabolism factor used was considered putative due to the lack of pharmacokinetic studies. Prediction of environmental exposure revealed peaks of higher impact during NLs and first year of pandemic, nevertheless the overall predicted values were below Predicted No Effect Concentrations (PNEC).

Interventions Targeting the Mental Health and Well-being of Care-Experienced Children and Young People: Mixed-Methods Systematic Review with Stakeholder Consultation to Inform Transportability and Adaptability to UK Context

Interventions Targeting the Mental Health and Well-being of Care-Experienced Children and Young People: Mixed-Methods Systematic Review with Stakeholder Consultation to Inform Transportability and Adaptability to UK Context