Welfare Ideology Research Articles

千定煥 명예교수의 교정간호 개혁론: 채용측면

Correctional nursing is nursing that which is related medical practices for inmate and it comes from the educational ideology. The ideology of correctional nursing should be transferred to correctional nursing welfare that contributes to resocialization as it is transferred to the correctional welfare ideology and It is my correctional nursing welfare theory that the recruitment of correctional nurses should be a friendly recruitment of correctional nursing welfare. In the reality, correctional nurses and security officers may have business conflicts due to different values and behaviors pursued. A new nurse will have an ethical dilemma if he / she is employed without knowing the characteristics of the correction environment in which the security symbol acts strongly as a substructure. This reduces the productivity and resocialization of correctional care. Therefore, it is important to recruit a nurse with corrective motivation, propensity and qualities. In order to do this, it is necessary to approach from the perspective of correctional environment and personnel administration. At present, in terms of personnel, there is a recruitment method of a dualized correctional nurse consisting of a plain clothes nurse and a uniform nurse. But, the dual recruitment method hinders the unity of personnel administration and the uniform nurse system has many problems in terms of social psychology. Therefore, as a reform plan, fundamentally, it is necessary to reform the general correctional officer recruitment system. Thorough correction reforms such as abolishing the memorization-oriented recruitment system that hinders the validity of the test and hiring through the establishment of a correctional welfare university are necessary, but it is difficult to expect a thorough security regime in Korea. Therefore, it should be precisely employed to enhance the validity of the correctional nurse recruitment test. In this logic, we need to unify the recruitment method of the currently dualized nurses or testing methods should be revamped to ensure that correctional-friendly nurses are employed. However, if the current system is maintained, the recruitment system such as the written test should be reformed to make the test valid, the correction-friendly recruitment ideology and the human rights ideology. In terms of personnel environment, institutional measures should be sought to include correctional facilities in clinical practice institutions such as nursing departments. Until the first half of 2023, there were no papers suggesting the problems of recruitment of orthodontic nurses. Therefore, this paper describes the problems and development plans in a multidisciplinary approach from a unique point of view.

State childcare provision in China: Subnational variations and localized policy contexts across 31 mainland provinces

AbstractThe social organization of childcare is of special relevance to gender equality and family wellbeing. Childcare provision in China is often recognized as a case of familism, which highly relies on family care with limited state support. However, this all‐encompassing view may mask the local discrepancy generated by a decentralized social welfare system, especially when emerging initiatives have been enacted due to the government's concern about fertility. This article analyses the variation of childcare policies across 31 China mainland provinces, from the perspective of welfare regime theory. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, six policy patterns with varying configurations of familizing and defamilizing support are identified: (1) dual‐earner support, (2) moderate dual‐earner support, (3) moderate support, (4) general family support, (5) modified family support, and (6) a geo‐special case. We further explore the socioeconomic contexts of various policy profiles, with a particular focus on fertility and female employment. Findings suggest that, although with a nationally shared welfare ideology, subnational governments could exploit divergent strategies to support childcare in response to localized socioeconomic conditions. This research also provides insights into how childcare responsibilities are distributed between state and family in a non‐western country.

Privileged underdogs: the heterotopias and anti-political correctness of upper-class men in a Swedish digital space

ABSTRACT In this article, we focus on a Swedish upper class digital space called The Good Society, where texts, videos and discussions are published. In this digital space the elite comes out publicly as underdogs in relation to the supposed hegemony of political correctness and the Swedish welfare ideology. The upper class take the position of protectors against the feminization of society and the crisis of masculinity. We argue that this space can be understood in terms of what Foucault described as a heterotopia, a form of peculiar counter-space. Using multi-sited digital ethnography we discern a playful mimicking of the state, the public, the media and public conversation. The article concludes that it is important to acknowledge and critically examine such playful and peculiar heterotopias as counter hegemonic strategies, in order to understand how digital spaces are political and serve right-wing, masculinist populist mobilization.

Whiteness and the Animal Question: Revisiting Coetzee's Postapartheid South Africa

Abstract: Scholars such as Evan Mwangi argue that postcolonial animal studies is all too often considered through white environmentalist perspectives, a point exemplified by the critical focus on white perspectives provided by writers such as J. M. Coetzee, Barbara Gowdy, and Lauren Beukes. Such focus bestows the authority to care for African natures to (white) Western visions of worldmaking. Mwangi's criticism suggests the white environmental discourses that have informed prominent readings of Disgrace (1999). The uncritical discourse of animal welfare in the post-colony has ties to apartheid governance and its rhetorical legacy. Through a comparative reading of Coetzee's Disgrace , the rhetoric of euthanasia used by animal welfare organizations, and contemporary reporting on the state of the animal, I outline a historical centering of white environmentalism—in particular welfarism—in institutional South African discourses about the animal. In opposition to assertions that the animal becomes a vehicle of redemption for the main character, David Lurie, and other redemptive readings of white characters in the novel such as Bev Shaw, I suggest that Disgrace reveals the legacies of white nationalist imaginaries that continue to undergird state and institutional environmental discourses in South Africa. The purportedly humane ideologies of animal population control and welfare perpetuate white interests. Disgrace reveals the tension between institutional expressions of care and the forceful integration of postcolonial nations into global markets, which sustain colonial legacies of white worldmaking.

From Utopian Socialism to Modern Welfare States: The Evolutionary Trajectory of Social Welfare Thought

This study charts the progression of social welfare ideology from 19th-century utopian socialism to contemporary welfare state configurations. It initiates with a critical appraisal of utopian socialist tenets-advocated by Owen, Fourier, and Saint-Simon-underscoring communalism, social cohesion, and equitable resource allocation. The analysis then traverses the path towards practical reforms, such as Bismarck's insurance schemes and British liberal interventions, which set the stage for state involvement in welfare. A central inflection point, the Beveridge Report, is scrutinized for its blueprint of a comprehensive post-war welfare system in Britain, marking the advent of the modern welfare state era. Following this, adaptations in Europe, notably Scandinavian models, encounters with neoliberalism and globalization, and the rise of sustainability concerns and universal basic income discussions are elaborated. Employing historical, theoretical, and comparative methodologies, the research emphasizes the endurance of utopian principles amidst welfare model evolution, engaging with debates on dependency, state efficacy, and governance. The conclusion contemplates the future trajectory of social welfare amidst societal shifts, advocating for adaptable, inclusive, and environmentally conscious systems that harmonize utopian aspirations with practical realities.

Metaphors at work: Reconciling welfare and market in Danish digitalisation policies

The way in which we describe processes of automation, the digital society and the technology companies that deliver many of its services carry implicit and sometimes contradicting values and ideas about the society envisioned. In this paper, we are interested in unfolding some of the metaphors that guide political discourses on digitalisation in Denmark, particularly those related to the nexus between the welfare state and the market. We propose that metaphorical analysis of policy documents serves to tease out and confront the implicit values and tensions related to how welfare ideologies are reconciled with market logics. This carries important messages about the Danish government’s imaginary of digitalisation and citizens, such as which role citizens are expected to play vis-à-vis digital services and welfare provisions. This paper argues that in contrast to the EU’s declared goal of human-centric digitalisation, the Danish government relies on metaphors that are technology-centric rather than human-centric.

동양종교에서의 교정복지의 개선방안

The correction ideology for criminals transferred from managerial, educational penalty to correctional welfare ideology and there is a religious correction welfare of it christianity has been the most active in religious correction for inmates since liberation and christianity correction welfare now was equipped with sufficient human and physical infra and specialized, organized and systematized. But, until 2000, Buddhism correctional welfare had a strong tendency to personalize, localize and substructure. With the launch of the Buddhism missionary croup in 2000 and the launch of the Jogye order special missionary group for criminals, Buddhism correction welfare begen to be organized, systematized, networked but there have been still diverse problems in terms of human, physical, organizational, legal, and program aspect. Therefore, existing studies have been made to improve diverse problems of Buddhism correction welfare but they lacked a holistic approach because they was mainly approached by human and program despite their contribution. Therefore, I asserted improvement plans of buddhism correction welfare in terms of legal, subject, administration and practice in the macro, interdisciplinary aspect which they passed over, including the micro aspect. In conclusion, I asserted in an original the necessity of a prison monk system, a specialized Buddhist correction missionary, AI prison Buddhism volunteer so as in addition to the micro aspects of human resources and program improvement to improve Buddhism correctional welfare.

The impact of government partisanship on social policy in a young democracy: The case of South Korea

AbstractThis article investigates the impact of government partisanship on social policy developments in South Korea. Social policy developments of the center‐left Kim Dae‐Jung government and the conservative Lee Myung‐Bak government are compared using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods. The comparison demonstrates that each government is distinctive in its welfare expenditures as well as welfare ideology and reforms. The welfare reforms instituted by the Kim government strengthened the social security‐centered welfare state. In contrast, the Lee government commoditized labor and strengthened the free market logic in the welfare delivery system. Despite the impacts of partisanship, both governments dealing with economic crises and interacting with social movements were required to expand social policy. Consequently, the policy differences between the governments turned out to be less pronounced than expected. This article suggests that the party difference theory, which considers socioeconomic and political constraints, could explain crucial parts of social policy outputs in South Korea.

Emerging market for pork with animal welfare attribute in China: An ethical perspective

There is growing public concern about the welfare of farm animals, and farm animal welfare can be considered an ethical attribute of product quality. This paper elicits consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for animal welfare attributes in pork products using a choice experiment (CE) in China. Consumers are willing to pay a premium of 13.923 to 18.493 CNY/500 g for more desirable product attributes in terms of animal welfare, branding, humane slaughter, and environmental friendliness. There is a complementary relationship between ethical morality in public policy and animal welfare farming. The findings of the study contribute to an increasing understanding of consumer preferences for animal-friendly products in emerging countries. A wide range of relevant, practical initiatives to help promote animal welfare development are needed in China, by strengthening the education of ecological ethics and animal welfare ideology, establishing an animal welfare security system by global standards, and optimising contractual arrangements for the value chain of animal-friendly products.

텍스트마이닝 기법을 활용한 일⋅가정양립정책의 연구 경향 분석

The purpose of this study is to confirm the achievements of existing studies by analyzing the research trends of the past 20 years of Work Family Balance Policy(WFBP), and to suggest future research directions. For this purpose, 157 papers in 22 journals with an impact factor of 1.0 or higher for the last 5 years as of 2020 were analyzed using text mining techniques in the journals registered in the field of social welfare of the National Research Foundation of Korea. According to Results First, an average of 8 papers have been published every year since 2001, mainly ‘family’, ‘women’, ‘policy’, ‘family-friendly’, ‘family-friendly policy’, ‘childcare’, ‘leave of absence’, ‘work family balance’, ‘work family conflict’, and ‘low fertility’. Second, as a result of semantic network analysis, ‘work family balance’ was highly related to ‘gender role’, ‘family policy’, ‘low fertility’, ‘support policy’, ‘family-friendly policy’, and ‘parental leave’. In addition, ‘father’ was found to be highly related to ‘family-friendly’, ‘work family conflict’, ‘family-friendly policy’, and ‘low fertility’ was highly related to ‘childcare policy’ and ‘education for children’. Finally, as a result of the topic modeling analysis, three topics could be identified, and topic 1 was ‘WFBP and gender’, topic 2 was ‘family-friendly policy’, and topic 3 was ‘childcare policy and welfare state ideology’. Based on the results of this analysis, the research trends of WFBP are summarized as follows. First, there is an effort to have a balanced perspective on gender effects in the study of WFBP. Second, WFBP research is deeply related to the low fertility situation, and it is intended to lay the foundation for fertility-related policies and childcare and childcare policies.

Historical Evolution of Sustainable Community Economic Development in Business and Economics

Objective - Sustainable Community Economic Development (SCED) has gradually changed overtime from production philosophy to the welfare ideology of assuring a better future for a resilient community in business and economics. SCED contributesto poverty alleviation, employment generation, sustainable community design, disaster control and resilience, biodiversity protection, and much more.The objective of this study is to conduct a literature review of this concept fromthe global and Bangladeshi perspective. Methodology - Peer reviewed publications in English language were considered indexed on the Scopus and Web of Science database. The study designed 2timelines of SCED concept evolution based on the information derived from the existing peer-reviewed publications. Findings - Both timelines (global and Bangladeshi) were found interrelated on some points, especially the third phase of the global SCED connected with the first phase of Bangladesh's SCED timeline, immediately after the Liberation War. Novelty - The study concludes that SCED is an ever-changing area of research and future research would reveal more sustainable features that would increase the sustainability and resilience of the business community. Type of Paper - Review Keywords: Economic Development; Community Economic Development; Sustainable Community Economic Development (SCED); Bangladesh; NGOs; MFIs. JEL Classification: F63, O1, O50.

Development of a standardized social service pathway for children with complex cerebral palsy

From a cultural-historical perspective, the impairments of a child with a condition like cerebral palsy (CP) have biological origins, but the disability evolves from the mismatch between the child and his/her social conditions for development (Vygotsky, 1993). One example of this dialectical production of disability can be seen in the challenge of the 21st-century welfare state: How to provide economically feasible health and educational services anchored in evidence-based methods and practices. Standardized social service pathways for children with CP illustrates an attempt to address this challenge and moderate the mismatch by acting in the intersection between impairment and society. The aim of the article is to analyze challenges in the practice of connecting research and practice-based knowledge with societal practices in order to diminish the disability of the child. A multidisciplinary group assembled by the Danish National Board of Social Services engaged in a practice of developing a guideline for a social service pathway. Agendas and minutes from their series of meetings provide insight in how the work evolved through conflictual discussions. Rather than a neutral transformation of knowledge into practice, the practice revealed itself as a value-laden process in which the needs of the child and family were at times decentred and the focus shifted to how social services could be realised in complex, structured social practices. While the group managed to overcome several conflicts and agree of a social service pathway, a socio-economic analysis was unable to argue for the comprehensive social service pathway as an economic sound choice for municipal decision-makers. The conflict between the welfare ideology and economic feasibility remains unresolved and can be expected to limit the extent that impairments can be remedied and the mismatch decreased. Overcoming or diminishing the mismatch might never become economic worthwhile. As the political pendulum oscillates between welfare and economic concerns, the experience of disability will likewise diminish or expand.

History of Sustainable Community Economic Development: A Descriptive Research

Sustainable Community Economic Development (SCED) has gradually been changing overtime from production philosophy to the welfare ideology of assuring better future for a resilient community. SCED's contribution in poverty alleviation, employment generation, sustainable community design, disaster control and resilience, biodiversity protection and so on. The study conducted a descriptive literature review of the history of this concept in global and Bangladesh perspective. Peer review publications in English language were considered that were indexed in reputed database like Scopus and Web of Science. The study designed two timelines of SCED concept evolution based on the information derived from the existing peer review publications. Both timelines (global and Bangladesh) were found interrelated in couple of points, especially the third phase of the global SCED connected with the first phase of Bangladesh's SCED timeline, immediately after the Liberation War. The study concluded that, SCED is an everchanging area of study and future research would reveal more sustainable features that would make the community sustainable and resilient. Keywords: Sustainable Community Economic Development (SCED), Bangladesh, NGOs, MFIs

The failure of the welfare ideology and system in Hong Kong: A historical perspective

Abstract At present, Hong Kong does not have a publicly-managed mandatory contributory retirement protection scheme. The Hong Kong Government launched a consultation on the universal pension scheme in 2015. The Government’s plan provoked many controversies and eventually failed. This paper will examine the problem of the welfare ideology and system in Hong Kong from a historical perspective, taking the universal pension scheme as an example. This paper argues that the reason for the failure of the universal pension scheme was that Hong Kong people do not have a complete sense of citizenship and hold a distorted welfare ideology for historical reasons. This paper is one of the first to offer some reflections on the question of poverty and lack of social justice from a historical perspective.

So Who Cares? Taking Livingston out of Africa

So Who Cares? Taking Livingston out of Africa

The National Party and the Ideology of Welfare in South Africa under Apartheid

The expansion of social welfare programmes under apartheid accords with the analysis of most recent studies of apartheid that have emphasised the expansion of modernist governance. Yet the National Party (NP) consistently denounced the concept of a ‘welfare state’. Public provision was always viewed as less important than – and often as detracting from – familial and individual responsibility, even for the state’s white citizens. The survival of Christian, ‘civilised life’ and of the Afrikaner ‘volk’ (or, later, white South African population more broadly) was understood to depend on the individual, family and civil society, not the state. The NP used welfare policy to regulate family life among its white citizens as well as its black subjects. Public provision was concerned more with the rehabilitation of the family than with reducing poverty per se. The NP could not prevent social and economic change, however. Social change among white families pushed the state to new programmes, including residential care for the elderly. The NP’s ideology of welfare points to the uneven modernism of apartheid.

Is there a shared social work signature pedagogy cross-nationally? Using a case study methodology to explore signature pedagogy in England, Israel, Finland, Spain and Sweden

ABSTRACT While there is an international definition of social work as a profession, little is known about whether there is a shared pedagogy in social work cross-nationally. To our knowledge, this paper is the first empirical study which aims to fill this gap by applying the concept of signature pedagogy in social work education to explore the commonality of social work pedagogy across countries. The study uses a multi-site case study (six universities in five European countries) through applying a ‘critical teacher-researcher’ approach in generating the data, followed by a two-phased thematic analysis. The study evidenced a shared principle of social work pedagogy which nurtures social work students to think and perform like a social worker and develop the professional self through developing relationships and dialogue, professional practice, group work, self-reflection and critical thinking. It is argued from, this exploratory study, that even between countries which have different welfare ideology as well as social work history and education systems, there is some common ground in social work pedagogy where one can learn from another through the use of ‘teacher as researcher’ methodologically.

The Politics of MPF Reform: Lessons from Public Attitudes in Hong Kong

This article examines public attitudes towards two reform options for the defined-contribution (DC) Mandatory Provident Fund (MPF) scheme in Hong Kong: (i) increasing MPF contributions; or (ii) introducing a universal pension partly funded by switching MPF contributions to the universal pension. Drawing on a phone survey conducted with 975 active contributors to the MPF, we examine whether agreement with these MPF reform options can be explained by respondents’ self-interest, attachment to different welfare ideologies, their level of confusion with the MPF, uncertainty about future MPF income, and trust in the Hong Kong government to deal with MPF issues. This research identifies that it is uncertainty with future MPF income and low trust in the Hong Kong government to deal with MPF issues that have the most significant effect on respondents’ MPF reform preferences. Mainstream accounts of the effect of liberalist, universalist, conservative, and familistic welfare ideologies are only partially confirmed.

Active labour market policies for people with disabilities in receipt of public income benefits: A scoping review.

Active labour market policies (ALMP) are used in advanced welfare states to support transitions to work for people who are unemployed or underemployed, including people with disabilities (PWD) in receipt of means-tested disability income support. This study explores the nature, strength, and limitations of ALMP across advanced welfare states (ALMP) for people with disabilities (PWD) in receipt of income benefits from social assistance programs. Following the eight steps of a scoping study, we identified 21 documents through a scan of eight databases and consultation with key informants. The majority of these documents are scholarly publications including seven literature reviews, two program evaluations, four social policy analyses, and two longitudinal studies. We extracted key findings related to delivery of labour (re)entry interventions for people with disabilities. Six themes are identified that discuss these ALMP features: 1) welfare ideology and the role of citizenship; 2) conditionality of benefits; 3) work capacity and the need for an appropriate definition of disability; 4) the politics of employment outcomes for PWD; 5) the missing elements of a successful ALMP; and 6) moving beyond ALMP. The findings indicate that while various approaches are used in reintegrating PWD into mainstream employment, there are significant limitations that curtail the impact of these policies. Regardless of welfare regime, no welfare state provides a policy mix that results in long-term employment success for PWD in receipt of means-tested income benefits.

The Discursive Construction of Accessibility and its Implications for Outreach Work

AbstractHomeless individuals often find that welfare services are inaccessible, despite being designed to meet their needs. This frictions with access which is a fundamental principle in western welfare states. Adaptations in social policy and service delivery are therefore made to deal with the problem of inaccessibility to services and welfare rights. One such adaptation is outreach work and is often developed to engage with homeless people and link them up with available services. This raises questions on the transformative potential of outreach work to deal with those mechanisms which result in inaccessibility. We argue that in a context in which accessibility is increasingly guaranteed by rights-based frameworks, exclusion management is also increasing. This is due to hybrid developments in social policy and welfare ideology. Nonetheless, the initial transformational potential of outreach work never really vanished.