Welfare Boards Research Articles

Tantangan dan Peluang Manajemen Masjid di Era Digital

Mosques are not only used for ritual worship such as congregational prayers, dhikr, reciting the Koran, prayer and praying, but play an important role in changing values ​​through the habluminannas method by including the physical support of the group of houses of worship, which is of concern, including contribution, charity, donation, fitrah, and tolerance as volunteering and lending a hand or helping others is the center of civilization. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive program. Management of mosque funds can now be designed to be more efficient and productive, such as managing contributions, online payments, and more transparent and accurate financial records, which helps mosques improve the function of mosque welfare boards. In operation, the information system can be used to organize mosque activity programs, register congregations for special events, and monitor activity applications. Mosque administrators have been successful in dealing with digital media and taking advantage of technological advances to improve services to the congregation through social media, handling information regarding funds, online contributions, management activity calendars, etc.

Overplaying-Welfarism and Social Security: The Case of the Karnataka Building and Other Construction Worker’s Welfare Board

The Union Ministry of Labour and Employment notes that the unorganized sector of workers constitutes about 93% of India’s labour workforce. Despite the presence of a vast majority- the role of welfare policies and their impact on the unorganised labour workforce has largely been unascertained. This can be seen with the exclusion of unorganised workers with the various benefits under the new labour codes, despite substantive recommendations by the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Labour on the same. The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 provides for the establishment of State Welfare Boards that use the construction cess collected to formulate various welfare schemes for the benefit of construction workers. The Supreme Court in the year 2012 expressed grave concerns about the ineffective utilization of funds by the State Welfare Boards, and in this regard, a Model Welfare Scheme was formulated in 2016. Using data from the annual reports of the Karnataka Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board-this paper finds glaring inconsistencies in the current schemes formulated by the Karnataka Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board, such as the inclusion of schemes not envisaged under the Model Welfare Scheme and not meeting the necessary conditions envisaged under the Model Welfare Scheme to name a few. The paper compares the schemes along with the ILO’s Convention 102 on Social Security- asserting that despite India being a non-signatory to the convention- its mandate on the minimum standards of social security needs to be followed. Such disparity in the formulation of welfare schemes not only ensures that the intended beneficiaries of such schemes continue to be left out of the result of welfare, but it also adds an unnecessary burden on the State both in terms of expenditure and resources. The paper recommends significant policy reforms such as the removal of schemes contrary to both the Model Welfare Scheme and the ILO Convention 102 on Social Security and larger transparency on scheme-wise expenditure for better implementation of welfare schemes by the Karnataka Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board.

Socio economic conditions of depressed class women labour in construction sector of Bangalore city

The unfortunate socio-economic conditions of women workers on construction sites in major cities have become far worse than previously thought and seen.This was corroborated by the field survey conducted in construction sites of Bangalore city.The construction sites taken for survey were the new multi storeyed buildings from Bangalore Mysore Road, Kengeri and UllalUpanagara Koramangala and JP nagar.For this study 150 samples of migrant women workers were collected.The other factor was all of them were from scheduled castes .The rationale behind the study was firstly to find out if their conditions have improved post pandemic and secondly to understand how farthe government schemes and welfare boards have served their purpose? Has all these social security measures alleviated their problems to a certain extentnor not? The main objective were to find out if their socio economic status changed after migration and to find out if there was any possibility to avail help from the government schemes other than Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bhima Yojane and Prsdhan Mantri Suraksha Bhima Yojana or get help from NGO’s. Research gap showed that there was many shortcomings for these distressed groups as they were sidelined repeatedly but why was it so.? Did they avail of 1% cess meant for construction workers.? Research Methodology followed was using both primary and secondary data though it was a primary study. Descriptive analysis was followed. Simple random sampling was carried out and percentage method was used for data analysis. The findings indicated that most of the time they were not paid the full amount, often fell sick besides there was no prevention for the on site accidents and no immediate medical help was forth coming. Conclusion showed that this problem of distress migration arose because of severe drought conditions in many north Karnataka states and their inability to work as agricultural labourers as big farmers preferred to use tractors. Socially and economically they were a totally repressed lot and suffered more post pandemic in their quest to sustain themselves and their families.

Port-based seafarers’ welfare in Canada: resources and gaps

The ultimate intention of seafarer welfare services is for maritime workers to be served in Canada as systematically and effectively as possible while considering the greatest possible sensitivity to their needs. This paper provides an overview of such services available in Canadian ports and includes case studies of the Port of St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), and of the Catholic seafarers’ ministry, Stella Maris. Two research questions were addressed: 1) where and how is the welfare of foreign seafarers in Canadian ports inadequate, and 2) how can the expertise and resources of those already involved be marshalled to improve support? Existing research on seafarers’ welfare was synthesized, seafarers’ welfare professionals across Canada consulted through interviews and surveys, and key informants were interviewed in the Port of St. John’s, NL. The research findings show that Canadian charities, businesses, government, and labour representatives are united in support of seafarers’ welfare. Furthermore, there is a general interest in filling gaps where they are found, particularly through participation in the Canadian National Seafarers’ Welfare Board. Welfare organizations also actively promote cooperation, professionalism, and the development of new resources for seafarers’ welfare. However, there are still gaps: foreign seafarers are offered a wide range of services in many Canadian ports but internet and enforcement of the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006′s standards for shore leave and crew change are still pressing welfare issues. Welfare workers are stretched thin everywhere and some busy ports must make do with the best efforts of shipping agents where welfare workers are absent. In response to these limitations to seafarer welfare supports, we recommend that the Canadian government, as agents active within a maritime nation, and the maritime community take a more active role in supporting seafarers’ welfare, including financially and through welfare boards.

Making Policies: The History of the Danish Child Welfare System at the Local Level

AbstractThis article examines out-of-home placements in Denmark over a seven-decade period from 1905 to 1975. The Danish state delegated this responsibility to a, using the words of Kimberly J. Morgan and Ann Shola Orloff, “difficult-to-classify public-private hybrid,” the Children’s Welfare Boards (CWBs). These CWBs comprised private citizens selected by the municipality. The article shows how the CWBs acted as interpreters, mediators, and implementers of state policy at the street level while also functioning as the direct link between government and citizens. The findings reveal an inherent conflict between center and periphery in that the state’s nationwide regulations and bureaucratic practices, intended to apply to all citizens uniformly, were to be implemented by local units within municipalities that operated according to logics other than those of the state. The vase of variations in child out-placement practices shows the importance of examining local variations in studying the history of policy implementation.

Assessing appeals against emergency placements in Norway: A balancing act

ABSTRACT This article explores what the County Social Welfare Boards (CSWBs) emphasize in their decisions on appeals against emergency placements due to concerns of violence. A qualitative document analysis of 23 appeal cases focused on how the CSWBs assess the cause and context of the violence, parents’ potential for change, and how children’s statements were weighted in decisions. The results show a zero-tolerance attitude toward violence. Exceptions are found in cases where parents have an immigrant background, and where parents are described as resourceful. The child’s subjective experience and emotions related to the violence are given due weight in assessments.

Welfare Schemes for Migrant Workers in Kerala

Kerala has been a front- runner among the states in India, introducing social security schemes for different vulnerable sections of the society. These schemes, executed mainly through different welfare boards, and have been successful in extending social security to a limited extent to the majority of the vulnerable groups especially migrants. In India, social security is enumerated in the Directive Principles of State Policy and is one of the subjects in the Concurrent List in the Constitution of India, which is federal in nature. One of the major priorities of the state government is extending the coverage of social security net to workers in the unorganized sector (Government of Kerala, 2009). This paper examines key actions by the government to promote the social security of the migrant workers

Economic & Nutritional Status of Industrial Workers in Sikandrabad City of Bulandshahr District - A Review Study

The increasing rate of marginalisation due to the fast changing globalisation and mechanisation has accelerated the severity of exploitation of unskilled workers, particularly unorganised workers in the industries. There has been an increasing identification of poverty as evidenced by statistics pertaining to the informal industrial sector. Moreover, the nature of the work in the industrial sector is increasingly becoming subcontracting due to the opening up and also to withstand the pressure of labour market demand in the global setting. The increasing tendency of openness makes the illiterate and untrained labourers in the industrial sector more vulnerable to further exploitation. The working and living conditions are revealed to be highly detrimental to workers health. To overcome this situation, the government from time to time has enacted legislations and constituted welfare boards to improve the working and living conditions and wage regulations. But these bodies failed miserably in ensuring the said priorities. It is found that to tide over this situation, they have been introducing their own ways of welfare programs. But these programs in effect are found to be providing only cosmetic face lift to the workers in the industrial sector and are fully outside the ambit of the basic requirements of industrial workers particularly Sikandrabad city.

Blood Analysis of Laboratory Macaca mulatta Used for Neuroscience Research: Investigation of Long-Term and Cumulative Effects of Implants, Fluid Control, and Laboratory Procedures.

The nonhuman primate (NHP) constitutes an extraordinarily important model in neuroscience research for understanding the neuronal underpinnings of perceptual, motor, cognitive, and executive functions of the primate brain, and to study the physiological causes, effects, and potential treatments of brain disorders. Because of their cognitive capabilities, NHPs receive special attention in animal welfare regulations around the world, and their well-being is a benchmark for the evaluation, monitoring, and refinement of experimental procedures. As a consequence, many typical neuroscientific procedures are considered only mildly severe by animal welfare boards. There is, however, an ongoing debate about possible long-term and cumulative effects. Because of a lack of longitudinal data, it is unclear whether mildly severe procedures may cause more significant harm on the long-term, and to what extent they may impact animal well-being and healthiness over time. We here make use of a database of blood samples drawn over a period of 15 years from 39 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to address the issue of long-term, cumulative effects of neuroscientific procedures. A careful analysis of indicative primate blood markers for chronic inflammation, hydration status, and stress levels, their comparison to baseline values from both the same animals and the literature, and evaluation of additional hematologic, physiological, and behavioral parameters did not provide support for the notion of long-term, cumulative effects on the monkeys’ healthiness and well-being. The results may serve the community as a reference for the severity assessment of neuroscientific experiments involving NHPs.

A Childs’ Right to Family Life when Placed in Public Care; an Analysis of Whether Current Norwegian Practice is in Systematic Contradiction to Human Rights

Abstract Based on both ECHR and CRC being incorporated into Norwegian law and underpinning the Child Welfare Act, this study aimed to clarify whether the current Norwegian practice is in systematic contradiction to human rights. The article is based on 94 Norwegian care orders comprising 117 children from newborn to 16 years old and analysis whether the child and parents’ right to contact are safeguarded in the care orders. Contradictions and dilemmas between Conventional rights and Norwegian practice are addressed. The article’s contribution presents analytical results, which describe the County Social Welfare Boards’ practice when issuing care orders. The result reinforces the suspicion that current Norwegian practice may be in systematic contradiction to human rights.

CHILD RIGHTS AT CONSTRUCTION SITES IN INDIA: A CRITIQUE

In the words of Mr. V Sashikumar, general secretary of the Construction Workers Federation of India (CWFI), there are 6 crore construction workers in India. Only 3.5 crore of them are registered with Welfare Boards. All these unregistered and even many of those who are registered, do not get benefit of all welfare schemes. Majority of construction workers and their families are languishing in poverty with no or very limited access to basic necessities like nutritious food, healthcare facility, potable water etc. This has adverse impact on the growth and development of children of construction workers. Often it results in blatant violation of human rights of children. Recent on foot migration of thousands of workers alongwith their children (on account of hasty and sudden lockdown) to their hometown due to lack of food and money is an example of how their rights are neglected. This research paper is an attempt to critically analyse the law in India on prevention of child labour and offering welfare measures to the construction workers and their children’s. It also contains an analysis of judicial trend on rights of children’s in construction industry. Author has also suggested many reforms in current legal and administrative framework for improved protection of rights of children’s of construction workers. KEY WORDS: Construction, Workers, Children, Rights, Welfare

Should we take their children? Caseworkers’ negotiations of ‘good enough’ care for children living with high-conflict parents

ABSTRACT Few studies have explored caseworkers’ perspectives on children’s safety and emotional wellbeing in high-conflict families. Based on focus group and individual interviews with 31 Norwegian child protection services staff, this research concentrated on caseworkers’ assessments when they worry about the intensity of interparental conflicts and their ability to identify the right thresholds for interventions. While the participants agree that excessive conflict is a significant risk factor for children, the findings demonstrate that caseworkers have difficulty assessing the gravity of conflict and potential harmful effects on children, especially when the conflicts are the main cause for concern about the children’s wellbeing. This challenge is related to these professionals’ trouble with understanding how much parents’ behaviours towards each other are normal post-marital conflict and how disputes can affect parenting abilities. The results also show that caseworkers, despite long-lasting concerns, tend not to make care order applications to social welfare boards even if this step is considered. The conclusions include that parents’ higher socio-economic status denotes resilience, overshadowing intense conflict as a risk factor for children’s wellbeing. This perspective combines with the difficult task of deciding what constitutes emotional neglect versus poor parenting abilities to influence caseworkers’ discretionary reasoning and professional convictions.

Jallikattu – beyond a heroism sport for SKCRF

Learning outcomes The learning objectives have been prepared in accordance with the Blooms Taxonomy (Engelhart et al., 1984). After completion of this case, students would be able to examine and expand the concept of institutions (i.e. a sport as an institution in this case) and understand how important it is to incorporate them in the policy level decision-making (Knowledge); understand a different form of the social institution (i.e. Jallikattu) and capture its relevance for all the involved stakeholders by taking into consideration the challenges that could stem from their interplay (Application); analyze the interests of various stakeholders and their concerns that add to the complexity of a socially relevant issue (Analysis); and integrate the developments of an event (i.e. Jallikattu) over its timeline and develop an action plan for being prepared or for resolving such exigencies, especially for public policy decision making (Synthesis). Case overview/synopsis The case is centred on Senaapathy Kangayam Cattle Research Foundation whose primary aim is conservation and breeding of native breeds of cattle. The protagonist of the case, Karthikeya Sivasenapathy, managing trustee of this foundation, has invested significant efforts to create awareness on the importance of Jallikattu. Jallikattu is an ancient Indian sport played in the rural regions of Tamil Nadu state in India and has been in existence for over 5,000 years. This issue has come into limelight due to its initial ban by the Supreme Court of India in 2014 and its subsequent stay on the ban in 2016. While there are several arguments surrounding this controversy, the arguments can be broadly classified under those who support the ban (i.e. oppose Jallikattu) and those who oppose the ban (i.e. support Jallikattu). Due to the involvement of various stakeholders (government supreme court, animal welfare boards and breed saviour groups) with conflicting objectives, the dynamics of decision-making to settle this issue became very complicated, confusing and time-consuming for Karthikeya. By using the lens of institutions and stakeholder theory, the authors explain the issue around Jallikattu in this teaching note. Teaching note also documents the unfolding of events that happened after 12 January 2017 which succeeded in lifting the ban on Jallikattu. Complexity academic level The case is written for undergraduate and graduate-level students pursuing business programmes and for senior management professionals participating in the executive education programmes. The case is suitable for those who are expected to work in an environment where there is a multitude of complex, formal as well as informal institutions. This case can be used to teach the concepts of institutions, the dynamics involved and to give the flavour of the interactions between these different institutions in solving a social issue. It will fit well into courses on strategic management, social movement and institutional theory. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.

Defending Informal Workers’ Welfare Rights: Trade Union Struggles in Tamil Nadu

The South Indian state of Tamil Nadu has had a rich history of informal workers’ movements and struggles that have pressured the state government to enact statutory schemes and set up worker welfare boards to extend social protection to informal workers. This article discusses the efforts of two prominent trade unions in the state to secure welfare benefits for informal workers, and explores the primary challenges, conflicts and dilemmas they have faced. It explores the troubled interfaces between trade unions and the worker welfare boards that the unions regard as the fruit of workers’ struggles and collective organising of the past. The unions have used the welfare boards to mobilise new occupational categories of workers as well as women workers in the lower rungs of the informal sector. At the same time, the welfare boards are a double-edged sword that the unions must carefully manage given the frustration and disappointments that ensue when the promise of social protection remains elusive to workers. Placing this case study in the larger context of labour movements across the world that have won contingent victories in protecting workers’ interests and well-being, the article raises troubling questions regarding the implications of these victories in neo-liberal state regimes.
 KEY WORDS: informal workers; trade unions; welfare rights; labour organising; Tamil Nadu

Age limits for participation in child protection court proceedings in Sweden

AbstractAccording to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and Swedish legislation, children have the right to participate in child protection proceedings. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the notion of age and maturity in child protection proceedings in order to elucidate how these aspects could influence children's rights to participate. We focus on the view of three groups of actors involved in child protection proceedings in Sweden—social workers, lawyers, and laypersons in social welfare boards and administrative courts—and on how children's age and maturity should be taken into consideration in decisions on their participation in court. The analysis is based on survey data. The study found that social workers, laypersons, and lawyers have different views on when children are old enough to have the right to litigate in court. Additionally, there is no consensus on how the maturity of the child can be assessed to inform the decision about participation. More discussion is needed about what competences a child needs to participate in court and to what extent this right should be limited by their age. Importantly, courts and decision‐making proceedings can be made more child friendly.

The Transgender Nation and its Margins: The Many Lives of the Law

In a 2014 judgment, the Supreme Court of India affirmed the right of every Indian citizen to choose their gender identity regardless of gender affirmation surgery. Following this judgment, states across India have been constituting transgender welfare boards and the Indian government has approved the Transgender Persons’ (Protection of Rights) Bill, 2018 that is supposed to be the one law that will safeguard transgender individuals from any form of discrimination. This legal recognition also coincides with a series of media campaigns that depict transgender individuals staking their claim to Indian citizenship through the trope of nationalism, which is always already majoritarian Hindu nationalism. Thus, these twin developments raise the question of whether performing Hindu nationalism is the only way to claim Indian citizenship. Recent queer studies scholarship from India warns us of the danger of queer and transgender movements getting folded into majoritarian Hindu nationalism, creating constitutive outsides comprised of non-citizens who cannot perform such nationalism. This paper argues that such a meta-narrative risks the danger of missing out on the micro-narratives of resistance and protests emerging from within India’s transgender movements that disrupt any singular narrative of transgender individuals performing nationalism to seek citizenship rights.

Trust and National Belonging: Welfare for Disabled Veterans in Bohemia (1914–1918)

Abstract This contribution examines the role of trust in disabled veteran welfare in Bohemia during the First World War. It places this concern for disabled veterans’ trust in a wider political context as trust emerged as a specific concern in Cisleithanian political discourses on administrative reform around 1900. In the context of welfare for disabled veterans in Cisleithania, trust gained novel importance. Medical and occupational experts deemed it imperative to gain disabled veterans’ trust to maintain their role as experts and developed specific strategies of emotionally engaging with disabled soldiers to gain their trust. Karl Eger, a military official, emerged as an influential actor in Bohemian welfare for disabled veterans. He propagated a welfare administration based on local welfare boards, which would supposedly possess disabled veterans’ trust. His idea of trust was, however, based on concepts of national communities and he implemented it to re-organize disabled veteran welfare based on nationality.

“In a Proper Home”

In all times and in all societies, there have been children who for various reasons have not been able to grow up with their biological parents. The solutions to the problems have varied; in Sweden, most of the children have been placed in foster care. Because of the act regulating state childcare passed in 1926, child welfare boards were established in the municipalities. These boards were responsible for placing children with foster parents and for supervising foster homes. Foster parents were required to be suitable in order to be allowed to take care of a foster child. This article analyzes conceptions of foster parents’ suitability in relation to perceptions of foster children’s needs during the twentieth century. This study is based on document analysis of the child welfare practice. Via a long-term analysis, the study reveals continuity as well as changes over time. Major changes took place in the 1960s and 1970s with new requirements on foster parents due to changes in which children were placed in care and changing perceptions of childhood and parenthood in the society.

The Role of Public-Private Partnetship in Chief Minister’s Health Insurance Schemewith Special Reference to Tamilnadu, India

This article tries to analyses the efficiency ofpublic-private partnerships (PPPs)of Insurance Scheme. Government of Tamil Nadu announced a Kalaignar Insurance scheme for Life saving Treatments on July 23rd 2009 in collaboration with Star Health and Allied Insurance Company. The scheme covers below poverty line (BPL) families of the 27 welfare boards as well as families earning less than Rs.72,000/- per annum. Under this scheme sum insured is Rs.1 lakh for 51 type of diseases for 4 years and eligible to get treatment only at the empanelled Hospitals both private and government hospitals. This is the first community health insurance project in Tamil Nadu covering the entire population. This scheme has been launched for the entire state; it covers roughly about half of the population of Tamil Nadu. A public private partnership is promoted among the Insurance Company

Reformers to Radicals: The Appalachian Volunteers and the War on Poverty (review)

Reviewed by: Reformers to Radicals: The Appalachian Volunteers and the War on Poverty Jinny Turman-Deal Reformers to Radicals: The Appalachian Volunteers and the War on Poverty. By Thomas Kiffmeyer. (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2008. Pp. 284.) Thomas Kiffmeyer's work provides a critical analysis of the antipoverty group Appalachian Volunteers (AV) that operated in central Appalachia during President Johnson's War on Poverty. By relying extensively on the AV papers housed at Berea College, he chronicles the group's quick transition from conservative brainchild of the Council of the Southern Mountains (CSM) to radical and independent agency focused on confronting regional power structures. While this shift was initially examined in David Whisnant's 1980 work Modernizing the Mountaineer, Kiffmeyer contends that the process was much more complex than what Whisnant described. Reformers to Radicals thus complicates the AV's story by demonstrating that the group's radical transition was fostered by a series of external and internal events that altered both its membership and the volunteers' ideology. This book is structured chronologically, and Kiffmeyer breaks down the AV program into four phases. The first phase, which began with the group's advent in 1964, fulfilled the Council of the Southern Mountains' goal of having Appalachians assisting other Appalachians. Native college students recruited from regional institutions ran projects such as school restoration, summer enrichment programs, and book drives. Kiffmeyer maintains that this emphasis on education as an antipoverty measure reflected liberal values and a belief in the culture of poverty on the part of the AV, the CSM, and government leaders. However, as the War on Poverty and the AV program expanded and more volunteers were brought into Appalachia from outside the region, their perspective changed. This expansion marked the second phase, and it was during this period that the introduction of outsiders exposed vast differences in "class, culture, and urban and rural values" between the volunteers and the natives. The third phase was defined by the Volunteers' move toward "issue organizing" (10). As the poverty workers challenged local business owners, politicians, powerful coal companies, and the elite-dominated Community Action Programs and welfare boards, their efforts were countered with charges of communism by local and state governments. Such charges, coupled with internal divisions over the Vietnam War draft, served to weaken and eventually destroy the AV. As the non-native volunteers were forced out, the AV moved into their fourth phase, which saw a return to the initial model of natives helping natives. The AV program ended in 1970. [End Page 121] Kiffmeyer is not particularly sympathetic to the AV, and rightfully so. He finds fault with a number of issues including their early focus on the poor rather than on the root causes of poverty, their inability to clearly define and convey the concepts of "community development" and "community action," and the paternalism that never dissipated despite the Volunteers' turn toward radicalism (14). These criticisms are significant and link Kiffmeyer's work with an entire body of scholarship that offers similar critiques of other historic efforts to "uplift" mountaineers. Still, he leaves one wondering if there are any small success stories that could have been added to enrich his analysis, even in terms of the native interns' personal empowerment or decreased school-dropout rates. This small question aside, Reformers to Radicals provides a valuable contribution to Appalachian and American historiography. It is necessary reading for anyone interested in understanding modern Appalachia's struggle with indigence or the War on Poverty's inability to provide solid and lasting solutions for such a persistent and pervasive problem. [End Page 122] Jinny Turman-Deal West Virginia University Copyright © 2009 West Virginia University Press