Average Score Research Articles

Patients Undergoing Microfracture With Allograft Cartilage and autologous Platelet Rich Plasma Augmentation For Chondromalacia In The Hip Achieving High Rates Of Meaningful Outcomes At 2-Year Follow-Up.

To evaluate rates of achieving meaningful outcomes and clinical failure at 2 years after undergoing microfracture augmented with allograft cartilage with autologous PRP, and to identify predictors of conversion to total hip arthroplasty. Data from a prospective series of consecutive patients with Outerbridge grade IV chondromalacia of the acetabulum or femoral head who underwent hip microfracture augmented with allograft cartilage between January 2017 and June 2022 was analyzed. Patient-reported outcomes were collected preoperatively and at minimum 2 years postoperatively. The Hip Outcome Score- Activity of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), -Sports Subscale (HOS-SS), modified Hip Harris Score (mHHS), and Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS) thresholds for achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID), patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS), and substantial clinical benefit (SCB) at 2-year after surgery were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify any association between non-modifiable variables and clinical failure. A total of 108 hips (80.6%) among 106 patients had 2-year follow up and were included in the final analysis. The combined mean age and BMI were 37.9+10.1 years and 26.8+4.7 respectively, with a mean follow-up time of 31.9+8.4 months (range 24-53 months). There was a statistically significant improvement in all functional score averages over the 2 years (p<0.05). A total of 84.7%, 75.5%, and 70.4% reached at least one threshold for achieving MCID, PASS, and SCB, respectively. There were 11(10.2%) patients that underwent conversion to THA (Total Hip Arthroplasty), with increased age, BMI, and preoperative pain duration increasing the likelihood of requiring THA (p<0.05 for all). Lastly, chondromalacia size or chondromalacia index (e.g., Outerbridge grade x surface area) was not associated with clinical failure or achieving meaningful outcomes (p>0.05 for all). Patients undergoing microfracture with allograft cartilage and autologous PRP augmentation for acetabular or femoral head chondromalacia demonstrated statistically improved outcome scores and high rates of achieving meaningful outcomes at 2-year follow-up regardless of chondromalacia defect size. Conversion to THA was 10.2%, with increased age, BMI, and preoperative pain duration increasing the likelihood of requiring THA. Level 2, prospective cohort.

Evaluation of an interprofessional education workshop about common ocular conditions for pharmacy and optometry students

ABSTRACT Clinical relevance Interprofessional education and collaborative working are known to improve patient outcomes. The evidence to support this approach in optometry is lacking. Background There is no published evidence into the effectiveness of interprofessional education for pharmacy and optometry students. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an interprofessional case-based learning session that took place between third year pharmacy students and final year optometry students at the University of Manchester. Methods Students worked together in a 1.5-hour workshop to help each other gain an understanding of common ocular conditions that may present to primary care. Students were randomised into two groups; the control group answered all the pre and post questions before the teaching session. The intervention group answered the pre questions at the beginning and the post questions immediately after the teaching session. Nonparametric statistics were employed to look for differences in the two groups. Results The control groups of pharmacy and optometry students did not significantly differ in their pre and post test scores (p = .069 pharmacy and p = .082 for optometry). The post scores for the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group. For pharmacy students the control group post score average was 44.9% (±20.5) and the intervention group was 63.2% (±15.9). For optometry students the control group post score average was 35% (±21.2) and the intervention group was 57.5% (±19.9). Conclusion Interprofessional education is a useful way to increase student knowledge of the management of authentic clinical cases in primary care.

Confidence-based Estimators for Predictive Performance in Model Monitoring

After a machine learning model has been deployed into production, its predictive performance needs to be monitored. Ideally, such monitoring can be carried out by comparing the model’s predictions against ground truth labels. For this to be possible, the ground truth labels must be available relatively soon after inference. However, there are many use cases where ground truth labels are available only after a significant delay, or in the worst case, not at all. In such cases, directly monitoring the model’s predictive performance is impossible. Recently, novel methods for estimating the predictive performance of a model when ground truth is unavailable have been developed. Many of these methods leverage model confidence or other uncertainty estimates and are experimentally compared against a naive baseline method, namely Average Confidence (AC), which estimates model accuracy as the average of confidence scores for a given set of predictions. However, until now the theoretical properties of the AC method have not been properly explored. In this paper, we bridge this gap by reviewing the AC method and show that under certain general assumptions, it is an unbiased and consistent estimator of model accuracy. We also augment the AC method by deriving valid confidence intervals for the estimates it produces. These contributions elevate AC from an ad-hoc estimator to a principled one, encouraging its use in practice. We complement our theoretical results with empirical experiments, comparing AC against more complex estimators in a monitoring setting under covariate shift. We conduct our experiments using synthetic datasets, which allow for full control over the nature of the shift. Our experiments with binary classifiers show that the AC method is able to beat other estimators in many cases. However, the comparative quality of the different estimators is found to be heavily case-dependent.

Sınıf Yönetiminde Günlük Selamlaşmanın İletişim Becerilerindeki Rolü: Necip Fazıl Kısakürek Fen Lisesi Örneği

It is a fact that daily greetings are important for effective communication in the life of a person who is a social being. However, lately, the importance of the issue is increasing, considering that communication is limited to the virtual world and especially the negative consequences of the pandemic period. At the same time, it should not be overlooked that classroom management becomes easier thanks to the importance of effective communication between teacher and student. The aim of this study is to determine whether daily greetings in students’ social life and classroom environment have a role in their communication skills and classroom management. The experimental model of the quantitative research method was used in the study. The data was obtained using the Excel program. The population of the research was science high schools in Şanlıurfa province, and the sample was selected as a two-class group consisting of 48 students attending the 9th grade at Necip Fazıl Kısakürek Science High School as the control group and a two-class group consisting of 52 students attending the 9th grade as the experimental group. In the study, all teachers who taught in the experimental group classes during March 2024 were asked to greet their experimental group students in the morning, in the evening and when they entered the classroom for four weeks, and to chat about the importance and necessity of greeting, even for a few minutes at the beginning of the lesson. The control group was asked to continue their lessons without any differences. When the four-week research period was completed, the " Effective Communication Skills Scale" and "Classroom Management Scale" posttest design was preferred and applied to both groups. As a result of the findings, it was revealed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group score averages and the control group score averages in both communication skills and classroom management data. At the same time, a significant difference emerged between the mean scores of the experimental group and the control group in the "People Management" and "Behavior Management" sub-factors of the classroom management scale. However, in the "Course Management" sub-factor, the mean scores of both groups were equal. According to these results, it has been concluded that individuals who understand the importance of greetings adapt to social environments faster and easier, and that daily greetings and short conversations increase their communication skills and adapt to the classroom environment easily. * The research was conducted with the permission of Karaköprü District Directorate of National Education dated 27.03.2023 and numbered E-689718-73153771.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Super High-Pressure Balloon (SIS-OPN) for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

The super high-pressure NC balloon (OPN NC; SIS Medical AG, Winterthur, Switzerland) is increasingly used in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of its efficacy and safety. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed and the Cochrane Library to identify studies using the OPN NC balloon in PCI. Procedural success, major adverse cardiac events (MACE), coronary perforation, and other complications were pooled using weighted means, confidence intervals (CI), and I² statistics for heterogeneity assessment. Twenty-nine studies (5 prospective including 2 randomized-controlled trials, 12 retrospective, and 12 case reports) were included in the systematic review, of which 11 (3 prospective, 8 retrospective) were included in the meta-analysis. Of the 1015 meta-analysis patients, 50.7% presented with stable angina and 21.6% with an acute coronary syndrome. Mean lesion length was 22.8 ± 13.7 mm, the prevalence of moderate or severe calcification was 93.7%, and 40.4% of lesions were in-stent. Procedural success was 95.1% (95% CI 89.3%-98.8% with significant heterogeneity: I² = 84.9%). The incidence of periprocedural MACE was 1.9% (95% CI 1.1%-2.8%, I² 86.9%), and the incidence of coronary perforation was 0.6% (95% CI 0.3%-1.5%, I² 87.2%). Use of the OPN NC balloon is associated with high success and acceptable complication rates. The heterogeneity of outcomes underscores the need for additional studies and standardized definitions.

Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Evaluating the Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Knee Osteoarthritis: Adherence to Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopaedics

Background: The Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopedics (MIBO) guidelines were developed in May 2017 to encourage improved reporting standards, promote increased transparency and reproducibility, and enhance clinical evaluation capabilities. The MIBO guidelines consist of 23 checklist items considered necessary to critically appraise clinical studies evaluating platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Purpose: To assess randomized controlled trials that evaluated PRP for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis in order to systematically review their adherence to the MIBO guidelines. Study Design: Systematic review. Level 1a. Methods: A search was performed following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials reporting on knee osteoarthritis treated with intra-articular PRP. The studies were categorized into pre-, peri-, and post-MIBO groups based on the start date of data collection. The overall MIBO scores, defined as percentage of checklist items out of the 23 checklist items reported in 1 study, individual item scores, defined as percentage of studies reporting the checklist item within a specified group, and overall item score defined as the average of the individual item scores from all the included studies were calculated. Results: The review included 87 studies (7925 patients; 8118 knees). Of these, 51 studies were assigned to the pre-MIBO group, 19 studies to the peri-MIBO group, and 17 studies to the post-MIBO group. The overall MIBO score was 72%. No statistically significant differences in MIBO scores were found among the 3 MIBO groups ( P = .345). The majority of the studies (62 studies; 71%) had MIBO scores &lt;80%. MIBO items with particularly low item scores included reporting of whole-blood characteristics (20%), platelet recovery rate (22%), PRP analysis (30%), and PRP activation (47%). No significant difference among the 3 MIBO groups was found for the item scores except for the reporting of the recipient details ( P = .012). Conclusion: This study highlights the deficiencies in adherence to the MIBO guidelines, particularly in reporting key variables such as whole-blood characteristics, platelet recovery rate, PRP analysis, and PRP activation. These findings suggest that the publication of the MIBO guidelines has not resulted in improved reporting practices in studies investigating intra-articular PRP for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

The Relationship Between Fear of COVID -19, Insomnia and Depression in Pregnant Women during The Pandemic Period (Structural Equation Modeling)

Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between fear, insomnia and depression in pregnant women. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on a web-based with 439 pregnant women. Data were collected using the “Descriptive Information Form”, “COVID-19 Fear Scale”, “Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Scale” and “Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale” via social media using a random sampling method. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation tests and structural equation model were used to evaluate the data. Results: The pregnant women were found to have a COVID-19 fear score average of 22.00±5.83, and 32.1% risk of depression while 43.3% had insomnia. The COVID-19 fear score was found to have a positive effect on insomnia (β= 0.290; p

Teachers' Competence and the Performance of Grade 9 Technology and Livelihood Education Students in Achieving Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs)

This research study was conducted to determine TLE teachers' level of competence and the performance of Grade 9 in achieving MELCs in Cookery in District V of the Schools Division of Quezon City. Significant relationships between these two variables were also tested. The descriptive-correlational study involved randomly selected 283 Grade 9 students during the School Year 2022-2023. Simple Random Sampling Probability Method was also used in the study. The data was gathered through a questionnaire and analyzed using Weighted mean and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The researcher concluded that TLE teachers demonstrate strong competence in helping the students learn, know, and understand what their teacher teaches, becoming better teachers every day, and engaging the community. Likely, students demonstrate a significant improvement in knowledge, skills, and attitude in MELCs in Cookery. In addition, there is a significant relationship between TLE teachers' competence and students' MELCs in Cookery regarding knowledge, skills, and attitude. It was recommended that teachers attend professional development training to enhance their competence and increase students' performance. They may also establish stronger engagement with the community to improve the MELCs in Cookery by collaborating with parents and guardians who can help when students are applying what they have learned from the school to their respective homes. Moreover, students may attend TESDA-initiated, school-initiated, and self-initiated training on Cookery that would enhance their skills, particularly in labeling food according to industry standards, preparing and presenting salads and dressings attractively, and packing food items in compliance with occupational health and safety procedures.

Feasibility of implementing family-integrated newborn care for hospitalised preterm and low birthweight infants in newborn care units of Ethiopia: a mixed-methods design

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of implementing family-integrated newborn care (FINC) for hospitalised preterm and low birthweight infants in Ethiopia. Despite the WHO’s call for family engagement in newborn care, evidence...

부산⋅경상지역 보건복지계열 전공 대학생들의 e-헬스 리터러시와 노인에 대한 태도에 관한 연구

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the e-health literacy and attitudes toward the elderly of university students majoring in health and welfare in Busan and Gyeongsang province, e-health literacy and attitudes toward the elderly according to general characteristics. Methods : From November 30, 2024 to December 11 of the same year, a survey on e-health literacy and attitudes toward the elderly was conducted for the university students majoring in health and welfare in Busan and Gyeongsang province. An online survey was conducted using Google, and a total of 120 data were used for result analysis. For data analysis, frequency analysis and descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA were conducted using the SPSS 25.0 program. Post-test was conducted with the Scheffé test for significant items. Results : The average of the total score of e-health literacy among college students was 3.91±0.57 points, which was above average, and functional e-health literacy was the highest, followed by communicative and critical literacy. The average of the total score of attitudes toward the elderly was 3.08±0.45 points, which was evaluated as normal. The e-health literacy showed significant differences according to self-perceived health status, health interest, health management time, and volunteer work experience for the elderly(p&lt;0.05). Attitudes toward the elderly showed significant differences according to self-perceived health conditions (p&lt;0.01), and attitude scores were higher when they thought they were 'healthy' or 'very healthy' than the group who thought they were 'unhealthy'. Conclusion : Based on this study, various education and programs that can improve e-health literacy and attitudes toward the elderly should be discussed in order to cultivate university students as health and welfare-related experts who can contribute to the community.

Examining the Food Label Reading Habits and Attitudes Towards Healthy Nutrition Among Healthcare Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the food label reading habits of healthcare professionals and their attitudes towards healthy nutrition. Material and methods: 198 healthcare professional were included in the study. Data regarding individuals' demographic characteristics, attitudes towards healthy eating (ASHN) and food label reading habits were obtained via an online form. Results: When the data obtained is examined, the average age of the group is 27.5; It was determined that the average BMI was 23.6 kg/m2. It was determined that the general average of the individuals' ASHN total score was 73.15±10.18 and therefore the group's general attitude towards healthy nutrition was high. When the nutrition food label reading status and ASHN scores were compared, it was determined that the attitude scores towards healthy nutrition of individuals who responded often and always to the habit of reading food labels were higher than those who responded never, rarely or sometimes. It was also found that individuals who had previously received nutrition education had higher ASHN scores compared to those who had not received nutrition education. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was determined that there was a weak positive relationship between food label reading habits of healthcare professionals and ASHN scores.

Religious Moderation Picture Book Innovation for Early Childhood: Teaching Tolerance and Respect for Diversity

This study aims to develop innovative media in the form of picture books as a tool to teach religious moderation values such as tolerance and respect for differences to PAUD students in Purwakarta Regency. By using the Research and Development method based on the ADDIE model (Analyze Design Develop Implement Evaluate). this research is designed to produce educational media that is interesting, interactive, and effective. The initial stage of the research involved a needs analysis through interviews and observations with early childhood educators, which revealed the need for media capable of introducing the concepts of tolerance, respect for differences, and national values from an early age. The design and development process resulted in a picture book with vivid illustrations and stories relevant to children's daily lives, making it easy to understand and interesting. This media was tested in several early childhood education institutions in Purwakarta involving teachers and children as research subjects. The evaluation results showed that the picture storybooks improved children's understanding of the values of religious moderation. The results showed an average of the pre-test score of 22.08 then the Post-Test score reached 53.24, with an average increase of 31.16 with the calculation results showing the t value of -44.56, it can be concluded that the use of picture book media is effective in increasing religious moderation in children aged 5-6 years. With these findings, the developed media can serve as a strategic educational media.

Evaluating the effectiveness of an online curriculum on caring for transgender and nonbinary patients

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives It is well established that provider lack of knowledge in the field of transgender and nonbinary health is as ignificant barrier to care and that training in this area is lacking. This study examined how family medicine residents’ self-confidence and medical knowledge in providing gender-affirming care changed after completing a novel, online curriculum on transgender and nonbinary care. Methods Thirty-nine family medicine residents were invited to complete the curriculum. Change inself-confidence was determined by the difference in scores on a Likert scale on a pre- and post-survey. Change in medical knowledge was assessed by examining the difference between pre- and post-test scores on a novel multiple-choice examination. Results Only 7% of current residents agreed that their current training is adequate in order to provide comprehensive primary care to transgender and nonbinary people. After completion of the curriculum, 100% of participants felt at least somewhat confident providing primary care to transgender and nonbinary people, including hormone therapy. Average medical knowledge post-test scores trended higher than the pre-test results (mean (SD) at pre = 11.2 (1.4) vs post = 14.6 (2.8)). Conclusions An online, self-directed curriculum on caring for transgender and nonbinary patients in the primary care setting, including management of gender-affirming hormone therapy, has the potential to increase confidence and knowledge in this field, decreasing barriers to care for this population.

The Dual Impact of ChatGPT on Learning and Ethics among Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) Students

This study examines the usage and perceptions of ChatGPT, an AI-driven language model, among Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) students at the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology (NEUST) in Cabanatuan City, Philippines. Utilizing a descriptive research design, the study investigates both the learning outcomes and ethical concerns associated with ChatGPT's application in academic and professional tasks. The research focuses on how ChatGPT influences students' knowledge acquisition, study efficiency, and satisfaction, along with the ethical challenges perceived in relation to academic integrity. Data were collected using a structured survey from a sample of 200 students selected via stratified random sampling to ensure gender- and year-level representation. Data were analyzed using weighted means to measure satisfaction and ethical concerns, while qualitative responses underwent thematic analysis to explore students’ perspectives on the ethical implications of the tool. The findings reveal that students view ChatGPT as a valuable aid in enhancing learning efficiency and accessing knowledge. However, they also acknowledge significant ethical challenges, including risks of academic dishonesty and over-reliance on AI. The study’s key output is a policy brief with actionable recommendations for educators and policymakers, outlining guidelines for balanced AI usage and ethical frameworks to support responsible integration of AI technologies in education.

Determination of Compassion Fatigue and Work Volition of Nurses Working in Intensive Care Units During COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Objective: This study aimed to determine the compassion fatigue and work volition of nurses working in the intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 308 nurses working in the COVID-19 intensive care units of the pandemic hospitals affiliated with the Ministry of Health in the Istanbul province, Turkey, between February and May 2021. Data were obtained using the Personal Characteristics Form, the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale and the Work Volition Scale. The obtained data were asses with the SPSS 22.0 statistical program. Results: It was determined that the mean age of the nurses participating in the study was 30.32±10 years; 80.2% were female, and 23.4% had been working for 1-3 years. The compassion fatigue total mean score was 79.91±25.04, while the work volition total mean score average was 50.28±10.65, which was found to be moderate. In the nurses' compassion fatigue sub-dimensions, the mean for occupational burnout was 49.12±15.61, and the secondary trauma mean was 30.78±10.92. A weak positive correlation was found between the nurses' compassion fatigue and work volition total scores (r= 0.235, p

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME EXPERIENCE AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE OF HEALTH SCIENCES FACULTY STUDENTS

The objective of this study is to determine the relation between the premenstrual syndrome states of the Faculty of Health Sciences students and their attitudes towards holistic and complementary medicine. This descriptive and correlational study was carried out on the female students studying at the faculty of health sciences of a foundation university between the dates of 15 March–15 June 2023. The sample of the study included 470 students. Socio-demographic form, Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS) and Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire (HCAMQ) were used as the data collection tools. The score average of the students in the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale was 141.79±36.24 and in the Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire was 26.87±6.26. No significant relation was found between the score averages of Premenstrual Syndrome Scale and Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire (p&amp;gt;0.05). The most commonly used complementary and alternative methods by the students were sleep/rest (92.6%), having hot drinks (85.7%), having a hot shower (84.9%), and massage on the abdomen(81.7%). It was determined that the students having irregular periods, smoking, not eating healthily and consuming too much coffee had more premenstrual syndrome symptoms (p&amp;lt;0.05). The students should gain healthy lifestyle behaviors in order to have fewer premenstrual syndrome symptoms. They should be told how they would use complementary and alternative treatment methods in symptom control and topics related to complementary and alternative treatment methods should be added in the course contents.

Determining the Knowledge Levels of University Students About HPV and HPV Vaccine

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the knowledge levels of university students about human papillomavirus (HPV) and the HPV vaccine. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 802 university students staying in the student dormitory of a foundation university on the Anatolian Side of Istanbul. The data of the study were collected using the "Student Information Form" and the "Human Papilloma Virus Knowledge Scale". Results: 16.5% of the participants had previous sexual experience, 5.1% had genital wart problems before, 15.8% had the HPV vaccine, the total score average of the "HPV Knowledge Scale" was 10.142±7.364 (Min:0-Max:33). When the sub-dimension mean scores are examined, the "general HPV knowledge" sub-dimension mean score is 6.657±4.276, the "HPV screening test knowledge" sub-dimension mean score is 1.029±1.316, the "general HPV vaccine knowledge" sub-dimension mean score is 1.591±1.737, the "current HPV knowledge" sub-dimension mean score is 1.591±1.737. The mean score of the "information about vaccination program" subscale was found to be 0.865±1.240. Conclusion: In this study, the level of knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine among university students is quite low, and it is seen that this situation may affect general health awareness and protective behaviors.

Impacts of the MSU-Sulu College of Agriculture Patikul Extension Program on Students Residing within the Municipality of Patikul

This study focused on the positive impact of the Patikul Ex-tension Program of MSU-Sulu College of Agriculture on the enrolled students residing within the boundaries of Patikul Municipality. Specifically, the study assessed the impacts of the program in three areas: Socio-Cultural, Economic, and Envi-ronmental aspects. To gather the necessary data, the re-searchers used a self-devised structured survey questionnaire, which underwent a reliability test. The questionnaire consist-ed of two parts. The first part determined the profile of the respondents using the quantitative descriptive method of fre-quency distribution. The second part assessed the impact of the program through selected questions, with the data ana-lyzed using weighted means and inferential statistics. A one-way ANOVA was employed to examine the significant differ-ences in the responses across different respondent profiles.Results showed that most of the respondents were 25 years old or older, female, first-year students, and residents of Patikul, Sulu, aged 21 or above. In terms of impact, the Socio-Cultural aspect had a weighted mean of 4.58, interpreted as "Strongly Agree"; the Economic aspect had a weighted mean of 4.42, interpreted as "Agree"; and the Environmental aspect had a weighted mean of 4.46, interpreted as "Agree." Regard-ing significant differences, the responses on the Socio-Cultural, Economic, and Environmental impacts of the Patikul Exten-sion Program varied across the profiles, with the results being mostly significant according to the one-way ANOVA test.Based on these findings, the researchers recommend the con-tinuous development of the program through faculty devel-opment, additional facilities, and laboratory improvements, as well as conducting further studies on the impact of faculty de-velopment on the stakeholders of the institution.

The Relationship Between Nurses' Psychosocial Care Competencies and Mental Health Literacy Level

Objective: This research aims to determine the relationship between nurses' psychosocial care competencies and mental health literacy levels. Material and Method: The research was designed in a descriptive design. Data was collected face-to-face between 15.03.2022-15.08.2022. The study sample consisted of 306 nurses working in universities and public hospitals. Participants completed the Descriptive Information Questionnaire, Psychosocial Care Competence Self-Assessment Scale, and Mental Health Literacy Scale. Of the 306 participants who participated in the study and whose average age was 38.25±7.256, 82.4% were women (n=252), and 17.6% were men (n=54). Results: It was determined that the total score average of the nurses' Psychosocial Care Competence Self-Assessment Scale was 61.64±13.80 and the Mental Health Literacy Scale score average was 17.84±2.73. The correlation analysis determined a statistically significant, weak positive relationship between the nurses' Psychosocial Care Competency Self-Assessment Scale total score averages and the Mental Health Literacy Scale total score averages (r=0.295, p

Complex Tangent Trigonometric Approach Applied to (γ, τ )-Rung Fuzzy Set using Weighted Averaging, Geometric Operators and its Extension

Complex Tangent Trigonometric Approach Applied to (γ, τ )-Rung Fuzzy Set using Weighted Averaging, Geometric Operators and its Extension