Weight Loss Of Samples Research Articles

Surface Characteristics and Corrosion Behavior of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Processed Mg-4Zn Alloy

In the present work, wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) has been investigated for surface characteristics and corrosion behavior of Mg-4Zn alloy. Using Taguchi’s design of experiment technique, the influence of WEDM parameters, namely spark-on time, spark-off time, and servo voltage, has been studied on surface roughness (SR) and corrosion rate (CR). SEM observations showed that WEDM processing has a significant influence on the surface modification of Mg-4Zn alloy. Increasing discharge energy in the WEDM process has resulted in large surface craters, a higher density of micro-cracks, and micropores resulting in higher SR and accelerated CR in Mg-4Zn alloy. Corresponding to minimum SR and CR, the optimal set of WEDM parameters has been selected to prepare the WEDMed Mg-4Zn samples that were further analyzed for electrochemical polarization, apatite formation, and weight loss in simulated body fluid (SBF) and were additionally compared to polished samples of Mg-4Zn over a period of 21 days. Electrochemical polarization tests demonstrate that the CR increases rapidly upon the exposure time of 7 days; beyond that, the CR decreases with further exposure time up to 21 days. Initially, up to 24 hours, WEDMed samples showed better electrochemical corrosion resistance, whereas, later on, polished samples demonstrated an increased corrosion resistance for up to 21 days. Higher mineralization (or apatite formation) has been observed on WEDMed samples, which directly affects the amount of Mg ions released into the SBF solution; thus, weight loss was higher in the WEDMed sample than the polished sample. The weight loss for polished and WEDMed Mg-alloy samples after 21 days of immersion test was 9.3% and 13.5%, respectively. SEM analysis revealed the distinct corrosion morphology among the corroded surface of polished and WEDMed samples.

A preliminary study of ancient potteries collected from Kundureddiyur, Tamil Nadu, India

This work is about to explore the mineralogical analysis of three different archaeological pottery sherds discovered from the archaeological site Kundureddiyur, Tirupattur District, Tamil Nadu, India. The mineralogical characteristics of the samples are analysed using FTIR, XRD, EDS and TG-DTA spectroscopic tools. It is observed from the results, the mineral quartz identified in all the samples at the region of 755 cm−1. Additionally, calcite and kaolinite are identified at the band region of 1739 and 1015 cm−1 respectively. Also, magnetite and hematite minerals are found in the regions of 580 and 530 cm−1 respectively. Further, confirmation of minerals was identified by the XRD technique. The XRD and FTIR characterization studies were able to indicate the conditions of the firing process adopted and the firing temperature attained by the artisans at the time of manufacture. Using, the TG-DTA significant weight loss of the pottery samples have been identified and all the samples were fired below the temperature 900 °C. Finally, some major elements such as Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Na, K, Mg, C and Ti are determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) for pottery samples to confirm the firing temperature.

Postharvest quality of hydroponic strawberry coated with chitosan-calcium gluconate

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of edible coating on hydroponic strawberry during storage. Strawberries were coated with either 1% or 1.5% chitosan (CS) or with solution containing 1.5% chitosan and 0.5% calcium gluconate (CaGlu). After treatment, samples were stored at 10 °C, RH 90% for 10 days. The weight loss, soluble solid content, firmness, surface color, pH, and percentage of decay were evaluated each day during the experiment. It was observed that coating extended the postharvest life of hydroponic strawberry compared to control. Fungal growth occurred on control group at the 5th day and fruit treated with 1% CS at the 8th day of the storage period, whereas no visible sign was detected for other treatments. Soluble solid content and pH showed only minor change for all samples. Weight loss of coated fruit was below 6% after 10 days of storage, whereas the weight loss of control samples was around 10% at the end of measurement. Moreover, coating could maintain the firmness of strawberry compared to the control. The combination of chitosan and calcium gluconate showed the potential for prolonging the storage period of hydroponic strawberry till 10 days without decay, whereas the control sample had more than 60% of rotted fruit.

Effects of Storage on Quality Traits of Sausages Made with Chicken Breast Meat Affected by Wooden Breast

Simple SummaryStudies of the meat quality of modern birds and their respective myopathies are important to clarify the influence of these on the meat quality of the animals. The constant genetic evolution that birds have undergone is the most plausible cause for the onset of Wooden Breast Myopathy. The processing of byproducts, such as sausages, represents an alternative to avoid the losses that this myopathy generates to the poultry industry due to discards of chickens affected by different degrees of wooden breast myopathy. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of storage on the quality of sausages made with breast from chickens affected by wooden breast myopathy (WBM). Breast samples from male broilers slaughtered at 48 days old were used. Normal (absence of myopathy), moderate degree (hardness only in one region of the breast) and severe degree samples (hardness over the entire length of the breast) were processed into sausages and evaluated prior to storage and after being vacuum-packed and stored for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days at 4 °C. There was a decrease (p < 0.001) in pH and an increase (p < 0.001) in cooking weight loss in samples of sausages, regardless of the myopathy, after 28 days of storage. Sausages produced with chicken breast samples affected by wooden breast myopathy presented higher (p < 0.0001) moisture concentration (72% for the severe degree) and higher (p = 0.0224) protein concentration (17.27% and 17.36%, respectively, for the moderate and severe degrees) than sausages made of normal samples (70.72% and 14.32%, respectively). The results indicate that sausages produced with meat from birds moderately and severely affected by the myopathy show higher oxidative stability. Fresh sausages produced with breast meat from birds affected by wooden breast syndrome may be stored (4 °C) for up to 28 days without exhibiting the characteristic rancid taste and smell. In sensory analysis, no differences were observed between the formulations, which suggests that the consumers approved the samples regardless of the disease severity in the meat used for the making of the sausages. The current results show that chicken meat affected by wooden breast myopathy can be used for producing fresh sausages in the industry.

Study of Thermal Behaviour of EPDM/SBR Blends and Carbon Nanocoatings Deposited by Sputtering

In this study, the effect of SBR concentration (10 Phr, 20 Phr &amp; 30 Phr ) on the thermal behavior of EPDM/SBR blends was studied. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to check weight loss of samples as function of temperature by heating upto 600°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to determine quality and % crystallinity of the elastomer blends. It was seen that % crystallinity improved with an increase in the content of SBR in EPDM/SBR blends. TGA revealed that the thermal stability of EPDM/SBR blends has improved by 17% than neat EPDM. Carbon nano-coatings produced by sputtering have no beneficial influence on thermal behaviour of elastomers.

Ekstrak Daun Pandan Sebagai Inhibitor Korosi Baja St37 Dalam Larutan NaCl 3% dengan Suhu Perendaman 27°C dan 40°C

The extract of pandan leaf used as corrosion inhibitor of St37 steel in NaCl 3% solution. To determine the effect of inhibitor concentration and immersion temperature on steel corrosion is done with variation of inhibitor concentration there were 0, 1,8, 1,2, and 1,4% and temperature variation is 27°C and 40°C. Corrosion rate testing is done by weight loss method. Increased corrosion rate along with increasing sample weight loss. Inhbitor pandan leaf extract were the most efficient at concentration of 1.2% with soaking temperature at 27°C and 40°C. Samples were also in the characterization of XRD and SEM-EDS. The XRD results showed that the highest Fe peak was formed in a sample using a 1.2% inhibitor concentration and the lowest Fe peak in the sample without inhibitor. The SEM characterization results also showed that in samples without inhibitors look more corroded, and in samples using 1.2% inhibitor concentrations look slightly corroded. These results were reinforced by the percentage of corrosion products shown in EDS results.

Activity of Mikania micrantha leaf extract against subterranian termite and wood decay

Mikania micrantha is a wild weed that thrives in tropical areas, grows rapidly in areas with high humidity and light intensity as well as in fertile soil. Meanwhile, Indonesia s tropical climate is also a suitable habitat for the breeding of termites and wood decay fungi. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of M. micrantha leaf extract against subterranean termite, Coptotermes curvignathus (Holmgren) and wood decaying fungus, Schizopyllum commune and its optimal extract concentration to prevent termite attack and inhibit fungal growth. The extracts were obtained by drying and mashing of M. micrantha leaves. The leaf powder was sieved with a 40-60 mesh filter and macerated with methanol for 3x24 h. The maceration results were filtered and the filtrate was concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Furthermore, identification of the secondary metabolites of the extract was carried out by phytochemistry. The bioactivity test included anti-subterranean termite and wood decay fungus using Potatos Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. The results showed that M. micrantha leaf extract affected sample weight loss, termite mortality rates and the growth of wood decay fungi. Furthermore, the concentration of M. micrantha extract was inversely proportional to the sample weight loss and directly proportional to the termite mortality rate. In addition, the concentration of M. micrantha leaf extract had a negative correlation with the growth of the decaying fungus of S. commune therefore, the concentration of the extract was directly proportional to the growth inhibition of fungus. Meanwhile, the 4 percent extract concentration led to the increase in termite mortality rate above 80 percent and inhibited fungal growth by 100 percent. The results suggest that the bio-efficacy data from this study may be used to develop wood protecting systems based on wild weeds which are found in tropical areas.

Preparation cordierite and zirconia-doped cordierite composite &amp; study bioactive properties

The current study focused on studying the bioactive behavior of pure cordierite which by sol- gel technique. Cordierite gel is combined with water-based sol–gel course, beginning from fundamental magnesium carbonate and Al (NO3) 3 inorganic arrangement broke up in silica-ethanol sold. Zirconia-doped cordierite composite also prepared by a new precipitation procedure with the composition of (5–15 wt%) of ZrO2. The cylindrical samples in 13 mm diameter for the next tests were formed by cold pressing at 150 MPa then sintering at 1350 °C. The, X-ray analysis, and SEM technique were applied to find the microstructure . The bioactivity properties of produced powder were determined after immersing for 21 days in the stimulated body fluid (SBF) solution which appearance compact layer of hydroxyapatite (HA) that exhibits a biological activity with increase the amount of ZrO2 as compared with pure cordierite. Biodegradation test was done by soaking synthesized powder in the trees-HCl buffer solution for 7 days and weight loss of samples was determined the increase in weight loss is detected as the content of ZrO2 in the samples increases with respect to pure samples. Cytotoxicity estimation has done, by RAW macrophage similar the media cell line for a period of growth of 48 h. The cell addition, trainings on the powder prepared, sample, display perfect attraction between compact surface and cells.

Исследование термических и противоизносных свойств масляных композиций с вовлечением детергентной присадки на основе конденсированного алкилфенола

The current paper presents further studies of the oils’ operational properties (detergent properties mostly) of those oils which contain a highly alkaline condensed alkylphenol detergent additive. In this text thermal and antiwear properties of oils containing various detergents were discussed. Thermal properties of different oil compositions were evaluated when heated in a Q-derivatograph (under a dynamic mode). Weight loss of the oil sample due to its evaporation and the temperature of the end of evaporation were estimated. It was revealed that the most stable is sample 3, containing K-38 additive. This sample had the highest evaporation start temperature (275°C compared to 269, 286, 262°C of the samples 4,1,2 respectively) as well as the highest end of evaporation temperature (579°C compared to 558°C (samples 1 and 4) and 555°C of sample 2). The antiwear properties were studied on a friction machine (roller-block type). The test results have shown a high efficiency of the oils containing a new highly alkaline K-38 additive.

Mehanizmi i morfologije kavitacionog oštećenja čelika Nionikral 70

Broken test tubes for low-cycle fatigue testing of Nionicral 70 (NN-70) parent material (PM) steel and simulated heat-affected zones (SHAZ) were used to produce samples for cavitation resistance testing. Ultrasonic vibrational cavitation method (stationary sample method) was applied for testing in laboratory conditions. The test conditions and procedure, sample preparation and interpretation of results are defined by ASTM G32. The surfaces of the NN-70 PM and SHAZ steel samples were exposed to cavitation and damage monitoring over time. Measuring the weight loss of samples on the analytical balance after a certain time allowed us to determine the cavitation velocity as a measure of the material's resistance to the effect of cavitation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was applied to monitor variations in surface morphology with changing test time. On the basis of the results of the cavitation resistance test, the morphologies of the surface damage for different exposure times of the cavitation of PM and SHAZ steel NN-70 samples were analyzed, as well as the mechanisms that led to the damage of the sample surfaces.

Decay Resistance of Weathered Beech Wood

Wood is susceptible to photo-degradation in outdoor applications, and deformations occur on its surface such as micro or macro cracks, color changes etc. Especially, cracks make wood material more vulnerable to biotic attacks. In this study, decay resistance of natural and accelerated weathered beech samples was investigated by a brown (Coniophora puteana) and white rot (Coriolus versicolor) fungi attacks. For this purpose, beech samples exposed to natural weathering (NW) for 393 days, and accelerated weathering (AW) for 1512h, and then subjected to decay test in malt extract agar medium for 2 and 4 weeks. After 2 weeks of decay testing, weight loss of samples by C. versicolor was found to be 24.30% for controls, 13.29% for AW samples and 24.38% for NW samples. In the case of C. puteana, it was found as 21.15%, 21.49% and 30.61% for controls, AW samples and NW samples, respectively. Weight loss of samples by C. versicolor was found to be 61.82% for controls, 30.72% for AW samples and 37.62% for NW samples, after 4 weeks of decay testing. The weight loss by 4 weeks exposure of C. puteana was found to be 21.43%, 28.44% and 37.67% for controls, AW samples and NW samples, respectively. Natural weathering caused more weight loss than accelerated weathering test for both fungi species.

Enhancement the Osseo Integration Properties of Polymer for Human Body Implants

In this research, polymer polymethyl methacrylate PMMA composite with nano ceramic Zr and HAp material were used to manufacture one part of the implant system (femoral ball head of hip implant). Three set of hybrid materials were fabricated and tested for this study; the first mixtures which contains 100% (PMMA), the second mixtures which contains (90% (PMMA) + 8% (Zr) + 2% (HAp)), and the third mixtures which contains (80% (PMMA) + 18% (Zr) + 2% (HAp)) were investigated. The mechanical properties for these mixtures increased with the increasing of nano ceramic concentration (Zr and HAp) composite material in the polymer compared to pure polymer PMMA sample. However, an increase in the concentration of Zr from 8% to 18% content cause a considerable decrease of the hardness where a drop of homogeneity in Zr- matrix PMMA contact occurred, V Hardness value are (68 ,80 and 70) Kg.mm for three mixture respectively. The wear test was in agreement with results of the hardness test. The weight loss of the above samples of the wear test were (0.041, 0.035 and 0.037) respectively. According to mechanical properties, the best sample contains (90% (PMMA) + 8% (Zr) + 2% (HAp)). The Scanning electron microscopy resolute showed the particles forming semi-continuous network along grain boundaries polymer for second sample mixtures containing (90% (PMMA) + 8% (Zr) + 2% (HAp)), provides a low atomic packing and high energy. This will make the grain boundaries more reactive and strengthen mechanical performance. The Optical microscopy, Scanning electron microscopy and Xray spectroscopy analysis for In vitro test using SBF shows the growth of HAp layer with an increase in concentration of Ca and P elements formed on the surface of the second sample. This display of good results is a proof of the biocompatibility of the polymer sample.

Weight Loss Improves HRQOL Physical Function and Vitality More in Blacks Than Whites

Participant-reported outcomes are important. Prior MOVE UP reports show ≥5% weight loss was not significantly associated with depressive symptoms but was associated with positive SPPB physical function and the Physical Component Score of the SF-36 HRQOL scale. We examined the SF-36 subscales that showed, a priori, clinically meaningful +5.0-point increases over 13 months, the change in subscales per 5% weight loss, and variability by race. Among all participants (n =240) several subscales show significant pre-post changes [mean (SD)] but only Vitality [+5.6 (15.4)] and Physical Function [+5.0 (16.7)] meet the criterion. Blacks (n = 60) compared to Whites (n = 172) had higher baseline scores on these subscales, were less likely to lose ≥5% (31.7% vs. 59.9%), but mixed regression models indicate that those who did demonstrated a larger change on Vitality (+5.2; p<0.048) than Whites (+3.1; p<0.0003). Studying weight loss and HRQOL associations in larger minority samples is needed.

Research into the Effect of Grain and the Content of Alundum on Tribological Properties and Selected Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites.

The subject of the research is a polymer composite with a matrix base of epoxy resin L285 cured with H285 hardener, and a physical modifier of friction in the form of alundum. The article presents an analysis of findings of tribological examinations. The authors evaluated the influence of the modifier properties in the form of alundum, i.e., mass share and grain size, on the abrasive wear of a composite, defined as loss of weight as well as on roughness parameters and selected mechanical properties. The tribological examinations have been extended by measurements of hardness and density of the prepared composites. The obtained results of tribological examinations showed an increase in the average value of weight loss in relation to the loss of sample weight loss between the cycles. The influence of both the grain size and the mass percentage share of alundum upon the increase in the longitudinal modulus of elasticity was also observed. On the basis of the obtained results, it was found that alundum of grain sizes equal to F220 and F240 exerted the best influence on the reduction of abrasive wear of the tested samples. In the case of F220, it was 14.04% of the average value of the weight loss between the cycles for all percentage shares of the used grains.

Mathematical modeling of weight loss and crust temperature of toast bread containing guar gum during baking process.

Baking is a combined process in which several interconnected chemical, biochemical, and physical phenomena such as starch gelatinization and formation of porous structures occur. These changes affect the ultimate quality of the product such as taste. In this study, effects of guar gum (at 1% level) and baking temperature (at 190, 200, 210, 220, and 230°C) on crust temperature and weight loss of toast bread samples during 40 min exposure were investigated. According to the results, raising the oven's temperature from 190°C to 230°C will rise the crust's temperature of toast bread samples both in the control group (from 128.5°C to 190.2°C) and test group (from 120.18°C to 164.8°C), as well as the percentage of weight loss in toast bread samples both in the control group (from 35.11% to 47.23%) and test group (from 20.37% to 29.57%). We also worked with polynomial functions, exponential functions, fractional functions, Gaussian functions, and MATLAB to model the percentage of weight loss and an increase in the crust temperature of toast bread samples during the baking process. And ultimately, the correlation coefficients of the models were calculated and compared to analyze the results of predictor functions.

Comprehensive insight into surfactant modified-PBAT physico-chemical and biodegradability properties

This work aimed to prepare surfactant modified-PBAT (poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)) sheets with superior properties to increase the PBAT applicability and be a possible solution for plastic disposal environmental problems. Three different surfactant contents (0, 1, 5, and 10 wt%) were investigated, and their effects on PBAT chemical structure, mechanical and morphological properties, wettability, and water absorption were investigated. Modified-PBAT samples showed high hydrogen bond coefficients (0.57) than the pristine PBAT (0.54), indicating an excellent electrostatic interaction between both components and the formation of a rigid hydrogen-bonded network, as confirmed by mechanical tests, where the elastic modulus values for PBAT and PBAT+10% surfactant were 44 and 60 MPa. SEM images and roughness measurements showed changes in PBAT morphology after surfactant addition, improving the roughness and wettability by the voids and polar groups presence, altering the water absorption (WA) behavior. The higher water affinity resulted in high water absorption for PBAT-10%S (17%) compared to the pristine PBAT (2%), which improves hydrolysis tendency, which is the initial step to biodegradation. Biodegradation results indicated that the roughness and WA behavior influenced the biodegradation rate, facilitating hydrolysis and microbial attack, and accelerating modified samples weight loss. Our results suggested developing a material with superior mechanical properties, mainly for PBAT-10%S, that can be applied in several applications, such as packaging and furniture. After discharge, it is not an environmental problem, being a biodegradable material with a green character.

Improvement of fire protection of wood board and textile materials for premises with a massive stay of people

In premises with a massive stay of people according to the standards, materials with reduced combustibility should be used. Cellulose containing materials are fire hazardous. The article presents the results of a study of indicators of materials with combustion retardants for rooms with people staying – textile fabrics, chipboards. The effect of flame retardant additives on the weight loss of samples of wood boards under fire exposure was studied. The influence of the type and duration of impregnation to reduce the combustibility and drying temperature of the impregnated textile materials on the time of their flame burning is investigated.

Thermal expansion and electrical properties of Fe-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

Thermal behavior and electrical properties of Fe-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics samples have been studied by high-temperature X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and impedance spectroscopy. According to X-ray diffraction data, samples of CaCu3Ti4-4хFe4хO12-δ and CaCu3-3хFe3хTi4O12+δ composition do not contain iron-containing impurity phases; in trace amounts may contain copper oxide (II). According to thermogravimetry data, no weight loss of samples was recorded before the melting start temperature (~1033 °C). The DSC curves of doped calcium-copper titanate samples show an exothermic effect in the range of 506–573 K, not associated with a phase transition, and an endothermic process, at a temperature above 1219 K, due to the dissociation of CuO. The thermal expansion coefficient for CaCu3Ti3,76Fe0.24O12-δ in the range of 298–1193 K changes continuously from 8.6 × 106 (298 К) to 11.4 × 106 °С−1 (1173 К). Based on the results of impedance spectroscopy, the electrical properties of the samples were simulated and an equivalent scheme was proposed. The samples exhibit ionic conductivity. The activation energy of conduction of the CaCu3Ti3.76Fe0.24O12-δ is 0.65 eV and 1.04 eV of the CaCu3-3хFe3хTi4O12+δ.

Structural changes and sodium species redistribution of a typical sodium-rich coal during thermal dissolution with aromatic solvents

Sodium-rich coals are widely distributed all over the world and they are considered as suitable materials for thermal dissolution of coals. In this work, to better understand structural changes of sodium-rich coals during thermal dissolution process, TG-FTIR was used to characterize weight loss and evolution of gases released from pyrolysis of a typical sodium-rich coal and extraction residues. Additionally, the occurrence mode of sodium species was determined by sequential chemical extraction method in order to examine sodium species redistribution. The results show that the organic oxygen content of coal was reduced by thermal treatment, which implied that thermal dissolution tended to remove oxygen and upgrade coal. TG-FTIR analysis also revealed that the CO2 content released from pyrolysis of extraction residues was on a lower level than that released from pyrolysis of raw coal. During thermal dissolution, the chemical structures of raw coal got more compact. It suggests that coal reactivity toward further thermal conversion would be weakened. In pyrolysis process, weight loss of samples treated by tetralin was higher compared with those treated by 1-methylnaphthalene, especially at 300 °C. This difference proves that raw coal had been pre-hydrogenated by tetralin even as low as 200–300 °C. Furthermore, tar produced in pyrolysis of samples treated by tetralin was deoxygenated by the residual tetralin and it leaded to decrease of tar-O structures, which influenced release of CO. Besides, it was observed that most sodium species were reserved in the extraction residue, as retention ratios were significantly high. At the same temperature, more exchangeable sodium species were promoted to be transformed into water-soluble ones when tetralin was used, which demonstrated that tetralin had better promotive effects on decomposition of –COO−. Along with decomposition of –COO−, exchangeable sodium species were detached from coal matrix and transformed into other chemical forms.

Mindful Eating, General Mindful Awareness, and Acceptance as Predictors of Weight Loss.

The goal of the present study was to determine whether baseline mindful eating, general mindful awareness, or acceptance was most strongly associated with short- and long-term weight loss in a lifestyle modification program. Data were from 178 participants (baseline BMI=40.9±5.9 kg/m2, age=44.2±11.2 years; 87.6% female; 71.3% black) who enrolled in a two-phase trial. All participants attended an initial 14-week lifestyle modification program that included a meal replacement diet. Participants who had lost ≥5% of initial weight (N=137) were then randomized to 52 weeks of lifestyle modification with lorcaserin or placebo. Linear mixed models examined whether mindful eating (Mindful Eating Questionnaire) and general mindful awareness and acceptance (Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale) predicted short-term weight loss at week 14 in the full sample and long-term weight loss at the end of the trial in the subsample of randomized participants. In the full sample, higher baseline acceptance predicted greater short-term weight losses (p=.004). At week 14, individuals low in acceptance (-1SD) lost an average of 8.7 kg (SE=0.6) compared to 11.2 kg (SE=0.6) among those high in acceptance (+1SD). In the subsample of participants who successfully lost weight in phase 1, the independent effect of acceptance on total losses at the end of the trial did not reach statistical significance (p=.058). Neither mindful eating nor general mindful awareness independently predicted weight loss at either time point. Acceptance was a stronger predictor than either general or eating-specific awareness of weight loss with lifestyle modification.