Weight-bearing Joints Research Articles

Influence of Physical Activity on The Development of Osteoarthritis: A Review

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease, primarily affecting the elderly, with substantial impacts on mobility and quality of life. This review explores the role of physical activity in the development and progression of OA, analyzing both protective and adverse effects. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analyzing studies from databases such as Google Scholar and PubMed on the effects of physical activity on OA. Analysis included longitudinal, cross-sectional, and interventional studies examining associations between physical activity levels, types of exercise, and OA onset and progression. Results: Moderate, low-impact physical activity, including walking, swimming, and cycling, tends to have a protective effect on joint health by promoting muscle strength and cartilage resilience. However, high-impact or excessive repetitive activities, such as intense running or heavy weightlifting, are associated with a higher risk of OA, particularly in weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips. Moreover, individual factors, such as age, BMI, and previous joint injuries, significantly mediate the impact of physical activity on OA risk Conclusions: Physical activity is a double-edged sword for OA; while moderate exercise may protect joint integrity, excessive high-impact activities may exacerbate OA risk, especially in predisposed individuals. Tailored exercise recommendations based on individual risk profiles could optimize benefits while minimizing OA development. Further research is needed to clarify dose-response relationships and to develop guidelines that balance the benefits of physical activity with OA prevention.

Economic burden of knee joint replacement in Iran

BackgroundThe knee is the most commonly afflicted weight-bearing joint. Osteoarthritis of the knee is regarded as one of the most commonly diagnosed causes of disability in the elderly. Knee joint replacement can be regarded as a final solution for Osteoarthritis of the knee in which the joint is worn out, accompanied by clinical symptoms such as pain, deformity, and limited movement.Aimthis study sought to estimate the economic burden of knee joint replacement procedures carried out in Iran.MethodThis cross-sectional descriptive study utilized the Incidence-based approach to assess the economic burden of knee joint replacement surgeries conducted in Iran during 2022, estimating the costs of the disease from a societal perspective. The sampling method employed was random sampling, and the sample size consisted of 300 patients. Direct costs were calculated employing the top-down approach, while indirect costs were estimated using the human capital approach. Microsoft Excel was employed for data analysis.ResultThe average direct medical costs of the knee replacement procedure per patient were $10,076.87 and $13,099.93 in the public and private sectors, respectively. The average direct non-medical costs of knee joint replacement surgery are $1123.64, with companion costs constituting most of the direct non-medical costs. Finally, the economic burden of the knee joint replacement surgery was estimated at $67340417.28.ConclusionDespite insurance coverage, knee joint replacement surgery in Iran incurs substantial costs. With the anticipated rise in the elderly population, the frequency of these procedures is expected to increase, amplifying the economic burden on the Iranian public.

Work-restricting musculoskeletal pain after bariatric surgery or usual obesity care in the Swedish Obese Subjects study.

The objective of this study was to study the recovery from, and incidence of, work-restricting musculoskeletal pain after bariatric surgery compared with usual obesity care. Pain in different body regions was monitored using questionnaires in the nonrandomized, prospective, controlled Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study, which included 2007 participants treated with bariatric surgery and a matched control group of 2040 participants receiving usual obesity care at primary health care centers. Self-reported pain in the neck and shoulders, back, hips, knees, and ankles was captured from questionnaires administered at baseline and after 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, and 20 years. Compared with matched controls, bariatric surgery was associated with better recovery from baseline work-restricting knee and ankle pain in both the short (1-4 years) and long term (up to 20 years), as well as from back and hip pain in the short term. In participants without pain at baseline, bariatric surgery was associated with a lower incidence of developing new pain in the knee and ankle in the short and long term. Bariatric surgery was associated with better recovery from pain, primarily in weight-bearing joints, as well as with prevention of pain development in the knee and ankle compared with matched controls receiving usual obesity care.

Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Uric Acid Levels as Predictors of Disease Severity and Functional Impairment in Women with Knee Osteoarthritis

Background: The most frequent type of arthritis is osteoarthritis; it typically develops slowly and is more frequently observed in older adults. Osteoarthritis mainly affects weight-bearing joints but other can also affected joints. The purpose of the study was to explore the associations between serum of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and serum uric acid (SUA) with serum lipid profiles and inflammatory cytokines in women with KOA and to scrutinize the prognostic potential of serum 25(OH)D and SUA.Methods: The study involved 50 elderly obese females with KOA and the control group of 50 healthy women. Assessment of KOA severity by Kellgren-Lawrence score was performed and functional disability was scored. Blood samples were analysed to assess 25(OH)D and inflammatory cytokines, SUA, lipid profile, and calcium.Results: We found significant differences in most of the laboratory findings between KOA patients and controls. Decreased serum 25(OH)D and increased SUA were linked with more severe KOA. Serum 25(OH)D and SUA can differentiate between mild and moderate-to-severe KOA. Both were correlated with functional impairment.Conclusions: We concluded robust associations between vitamin D deficiencies, high SUA levels with increased serum lipids and inflammatory cytokines along with increased functional impairment and disease severity in women with KOA. Serum 25(OH)D and SUA can serve as simple reliable prognostic tools in the prediction of KOA severity.Keywords: Vitamin D; Inflammation; Osteoarthritis; Serum lipids; Uric acid TRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack//

Subchondral insufficiency fractures: overview of MRI findings from hip to ankle joint.

Subchondral insufficiency fracture (SIF) represents a potentially severe condition that can advance to osteoarthritis, with collapse of the articular surface. SIF manifests as a fracture in bone weakened by non-tumorous disease, precipitated by repetitive physiological stress, without a clear history of major trauma. It is observed along the central weight-bearing region of the femoral condyle, with a higher incidence in the medial femoral condyle, but also in other large weight-bearing synovial joints, such as the femoral head, tibial plateau, or talus.A review of the literature from the past six years was performed by searching PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, using the keywords "subchondral insufficiency fracture" and "spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee". The inclusion criteria were scientific papers presented in the English language that reported on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) aspects of SIF of the lower limb.Detecting SIF at the level of the hip, knee, and ankle may present challenges both clinically and radiologically. The MRI appearance is dominated by a bone marrow edema-like signal and subchondral bone changes that can sometimes be subtle. Subchondral abnormalities are more specific than the pattern of bone marrow edema-like signal and are best shown on T2-weighted and proton-density-weighted MR images. MRI plays an important role in accurately depicting even subtle subchondral fractures at the onset of the disease and proves valuable in follow-up, prognosis, and the differentiation of SIF from other conditions. · Subchondral insufficiency fractures may affect the hip, knee, and ankle.. · Subchondral insufficiency fractures may heal spontaneously or progress to collapse.. · MRI is important for the detection, follow-up, and prognosis of subchondral insufficiency fractures.. · Differential diagnosis may include transient osteoporosis and osteonecrosis of systemic origin.. · Buturoiu MM, Ghiea S, Weber M. Subchondral insufficiency fractures: overview of MRI findings from hip to ankle joint. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2024; 196: 1143 - 1154.

Retrospective Evaluation of Cryopreserved Human Umbilical Cord Tissue Allografts in the Supplementation of Cartilage Defects Associated with Hip Osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis is a chronic disorder that affects the synovial joints by the progressive loss of articular cartilage. In the hip, the largest weight-bearing joint, the deterioration of articular cartilage and acetabular labrum can cause pain, diminishing the quality of life for patients. This study presents changes in reported pain scales from patients who received Wharton's jelly applications to cartilage deterioration in the hip from the observational retrospective repository at Regenative Labs. Methods: Sixty-nine patients were selected based on inclusion criteria with patient-reported pain scales, including the Numeric Pain Rating Scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index, collected at the initial application, 30, and 90-day follow-up visits. Thirteen patients received a second allograft application and had additional follow-up visits at 120 and 180 days. Results: Five of the six scales used showed a statistically significant improvement in average scores across the cohort. The greatest improvements were observed in the NPRS with a 31.36% improvement after 90 days and a 44.64% improvement for patients with two applications after 180 days. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was also calculated to determine the perceived value of care for each patient with 44.9% of patients exceeding the MCID and 78.3% reporting at least one level of improvement. Conclusions: The positive outcomes for the patients in this cohort suggest WJ to be a promising alternative care option for patients with structural tissue degeneration in the hip refractory to the current standard of care.

Role of Agnikarma in Pain Management

Pain is a bad feeling that makes a person visit a doctor because it prevents them from doing their daily tasks. When Sandhigata Vata affects movable joints of the body, like the knee joint (Janusandhi), the condition becomes more excruciating. Due to its frequent involvement in daily routine work, its status as a weight-bearing joint, and its tendency to develop in overweight patients, the disease Sandhigata Vata is more likely to affect the knee joint. Vata Dosha is predominant in the pathophysiology of Sandhigata Vata, exhibiting symptoms like Vedana (pain during joint movement) and Shopha (swelling). The joint stiffness and crepitus (specific sound during joint movement) are symptoms that may be co-related in modern parlance with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint in this article details description given about Agnikarma.

Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Bibliometric Analysis Using the Scopus Database.

Primary joint replacements are performed increasingly often worldwide, driven by an aging population, improvement in surgical techniques, and advancements in implant designs. While more attention has traditionally been focused on weight-bearing joints such as the hip and knee, shoulder replacement surgeries have gained increasing attention in recent years due to the population's demand for a better quality of life. Thus far, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of shoulder arthroplasty-related publications using the Scopus database has not yet been conducted. This bibliometric analysis aims to fill this gap by reviewing the Scopus database from its inception until 2023 to examine the literature on shoulder arthroplasty. A total of 5300 publications meeting the selection criteria were included in this analysis. The turn of the century marked a significant turning point for the field of shoulder arthroplasty, with an increasing number of publications produced annually. This trend can be attributed to the improvement of implant designs, which have become more consistent and reliable over time. While the majority of articles were authored by researchers and clinicians from the United States of America (USA), publications by French authors had a higher scholarly impact in the field. There is a noticeable gap in research on shoulder arthroplasty in developing countries, possibly due to the prohibitively high cost of implants and the prioritization of other healthcare sectors. This bibliometric analysis, utilizing Scopus data, serves as a guiding light for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers, potentially fostering collaborative projects and guiding the development of future studies to further advance the field of shoulder arthroplasty, particularly in developing countries.

A clinical study based on bidirectional Mendelian randomization: Correlation between generalized anxiety disorder and weight-bearing joints osteoarthritis

ObjectivesBidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) combined with clinical case analysis was used to elucidate the relationship between generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) caused by mental overload and the risk of weight-bearing joint (hip/knee) osteoarthritis (OA). MethodsWe performed MR analyses using publicly released genome-wide association study summary statistics to measure the causal effects between mental overload and weight-bearing joint OA risk. The primary MR analysis utilized the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, complemented by additional methods, including simple mode, weighted mode, MR-Egger regression, and weighted median. The leave-one-out method was used for sensitivity analysis. Concurrently, data from patients with OA (Kellgren–Lawrence grades III–IV) who needed total knee/hip arthroplasty were collected. Patient assessments were conducted utilizing the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities arthritis index, Penn State worry questionnaire, and visual analogue scale. ResultsGenetically predisposed GAD did not correlate with the risk of weight-bearing joint OA (IVW odds ratio [OR] = 0.840, 95 % confidence interval = 0.128, 5.50, P = 0.855). In reverse MR analyses, we detected no causal effect of weight-bearing OA on GAD (IVW OR = 1.00, 95 % CI = 0.985, 1.03, P = 0.687). In the clinical case evaluation, weight overload joint OA and GAD were highly correlated. ConclusionMR analysis indicated no bidirectional causal effect of GAD caused by mental overload on weight-bearing joint (hip or knee) OA. Clinical studies support the finding that GAD is highly correlated with weight-bearing joint OA. However, whether there is a causal relationship between GAD caused by mental overload and weight-overloading joint OA requires further investigation.

Obesity-related knee osteoarthritis: a role for the rheumatology advanced nurse practitioner in Ireland

Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in Ireland with knee osteoarthritis the most common presentation. One in five women and one in 10 men over the age of 60 in Ireland are diagnosed with osteoarthritis. The causative factors are multifactorial, but the increasing incidence of obesity is contributing greatly to the occurrence of osteoarthritis of the weight-bearing joints. The rheumatology advanced nurse practitioner is an autonomous clinical practitioner and potential solution to the growing numbers of people needing interventions for osteoarthritis, due to their ability to assess, diagnose, treat, and discharge these patients who ordinarily would be assessed from a medical waiting list. As obesity is becoming increasingly prevalent, it is important to address this with the patient cohort to try to reduce the burden of disease and treat not only the symptomatic knee osteoarthritis but the causative factors and provide patient-centred care.

Static posture weightbearing joint angle differences in patients with varus ankle osteoarthritis

BackgroundAdvanced varus ankle osteoarthritis is a debilitating disease that can present with limited physical function, severe pain, and diminished quality of life. Weightbearing computed tomography enables submillimeter 3-dimensional visualization, computational analyses, and enhanced diagnoses in reporting complex degenerative changes more accurately. Research questionThis study set to compare static posture weightbearing joint angle differences in healthy and varus ankle osteoarthritis patients (compensated and non-compensated). MethodsOur retrospective assessment included 70 individuals, 44 of whom were diagnosed with advanced varus ankle osteoarthritis, and the remaining 26 were healthy participants to serve as controls. An automatic anatomic coordinate system was applied to each patient’s 3-dimensional talus and calcaneus bone reconstructions from weightbearing computed tomography scans. Subtalar and midtarsal joint angles were calculated using Euler angles. ResultsWe report statistical differences between the healthy group and both advanced varus osteoarthritis groups for midtarsal inversion/eversion. Specifically, both osteoarthritis groups’ midtarsal joints were more inverted and plantarflexed as compared to healthy participants. Compensated and non-compensated subtalar joints were statistically different with respect to inversion/eversion. Non-compensated ankles exhibited a similar mean to healthy ankles who were both less inverted than compensated ankles. SignificanceOur study helps physicians to better understand underlying mechanisms of peritalar compensation in varus ankle osteoarthritis. Patients featuring hindfoot compensation on average had a greater subtalar joint angle indicating greater inversion than healthy and non-compensated patients.

Hormonal Imbalance in Obesity and Arthritis: Points of Contact.

Obesity is a growing global health crisis intricately connected to various chronic conditions, including arthritis. This paper explores the intricate web of hormonal changes in the context of obesity and their profound influence on the development and progression of arthritis. Hormones, such as leptin, insulin, cortisol, and estrogen, all altered in obesity, play pivotal roles in inflammation, cartilage degradation, mechanical stress, and pain associated with obesity-related arthritis. Additionally, the mechanical stress placed on weight-bearing joints by excess body weight accelerates joint wear and tear, contributing to arthritis. Genetic factors, shared biomarkers, and pathways further link these conditions. Recognizing these connections is vital for healthcare professionals and individuals facing the challenges of obesity and arthritis, offering insights into strategies for prevention, management, and intervention. This comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between hormonal changes, obesity, and arthritis sheds light on multifaceted mechanisms underlying this intricate relationship.

Molecular Mechanisms Linking Osteoarthritis and Alzheimer's Disease: Shared Pathways, Mechanisms and Breakthrough Prospects.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease mostly affecting the elderly population. It is characterized by cognitive decline that occurs due to impaired neurotransmission and neuronal death. Even though deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides and aggregation of hyperphosphorylated TAU have been established as major pathological hallmarks of the disease, other factors such as the interaction of genetic and environmental factors are believed to contribute to the development and progression of AD. In general, patients initially present mild forgetfulness and difficulty in forming new memories. As it progresses, there are significant impairments in problem solving, social interaction, speech and overall cognitive function of the affected individual. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most recurrent form of arthritis and widely acknowledged as a whole-joint disease, distinguished by progressive degeneration and erosion of joint cartilage accompanying synovitis and subchondral bone changes that can prompt peripheral inflammatory responses. Also predominantly affecting the elderly, OA frequently embroils weight-bearing joints such as the knees, spine and hips leading to pains, stiffness and diminished joint mobility, which in turn significantly impacts the patient's standard of life. Both infirmities can co-occur in older adults as a result of independent factors, as multiple health conditions are common in old age. Additionally, risk factors such as genetics, lifestyle changes, age and chronic inflammation may contribute to both conditions in some individuals. Besides localized peripheral low-grade inflammation, it is notable that low-grade systemic inflammation prompted by OA can play a role in AD pathogenesis. Studies have explored relationships between systemic inflammatory-associated diseases like obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and AD. Given that AD is the most common form of dementia and shares similar risk factors with OA-both being age-related and low-grade inflammatory-associated diseases, OA may indeed serve as a risk factor for AD. This work aims to review literature on molecular mechanisms linking OA and AD pathologies, and explore potential connections between these conditions alongside future prospects and innovative treatments.

Assessment of lower limb alignment: supine weight-bearing CT scanograms compared with a standing full-length radiograph.

We identified limb misalignment by applying personalized axial force while the limb was in a supine position to mimic a standing posture. This study aimed to confirm the accuracy of evaluating lower limb alignment using supine weight-bearing CT scanograms. We prospectively compared measurements of the weight-bearing line ratio (WBL), hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle, and joint convergence angle (JLCA) in 46 sets of supine weight-bearing CT scanograms with those obtained from full-length standing anteroposterior lower extremity radiographs. We achieved the weight-bearing CT scanograms by applying six different levels of axial force: zero, 1/5 of body weight, 2/5 of body weight, 3/5 of body weight, 4/5 of body weight, and full body weight. We assessed the impact of age, body mass index, HKA, and JLCA on the observed mechanical axis deviation differences between the two methods. The average absolute difference between standing radiographs and supine CT scanograms was 4.32% for the WBL ratio (p < 0.05), 1.25° for HKA (p < 0.05), and 0.46 for JLCA (p < 0.05). The mean absolute difference was minimal when applying full body weight axial pressure during CT scanograms (p > 0.05). Age, body mass index, HKA, and JLCA had no effect on the deviation in the mechanical axis measurements obtained through supine weight-bearing CT scanograms with full body weight. No significant differences were found in assessing lower limb alignment between standing radiographs and supine weight-bearing CT scanograms with full body weight. Weight-bearing CT scanograms prove to be a valuable method for assessing lower limb alignment while in a supine position.

Autologous Protein Solution (APS) and Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Scoping Review of Current Clinical Evidence.

Knees are the most regularly affected weight-bearing joints in osteoarthritis (OA), impacting millions of individuals across the globe. The incidence of knee OA will further rise with increasing rates of obesity and lifespan, resulting in a significant increase in the worldwide socioeconomic burden. Conventional therapies used to manage the symptoms associated with knee OA have limitations. Lately, there has been an increased interest in the use of autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics (APBO), including autologous protein solution (APS), for the management of knee OA. Here, the primary objective is to summarize the outcomes of clinical studies involving APS for the treatment of knee OA. Several databases (Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science) were searched using terms for the intervention "APS" and treatment "knee OA" for articles published in English until January 21, 2024. All clinical studies using APS as an intervention for the treatment of knee OA were included. Studies not utilizing APS alone or not aiming at the management of knee OA were excluded. Six clinical studies that met our predefined search terms and inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. The results demonstrated that the intra-articular administration of APS is safe and efficacious in reducing pain and/or improving function in patients suffering from knee OA. However, more multicenter, randomized controlled trials involving active comparators, with adequate power and long-term follow-up along with post-market real-world studies in clinical practice are required to further assess the efficacy of APS and justify its regular clinical use for the management of knee OA.

Hyperacute Serum and Knee Osteoarthritis.

The knees are the most frequently affected weight-bearing joints in osteoarthritis (OA), impacting millions of people globally. With increasing life spans and obesity rates, the prevalence of knee OA will further mount, leading to a significant increase in the economic burden. The usual treatment modalities utilized to manage knee OA have shortcomings. Over the last decade, the field of regenerative medicine involving the use of biologics, such as autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics, including hyperacute serum (HS), has evolved and shown potential for managing knee OA. In this manuscript, we qualitatively present the in vitro, pre-clinical, clinical, and ongoing studies investigating the applications of HS in the context of knee OA. Seven in vitro studies and one clinical study fit the scope of our manuscript. The results demonstrated that the administration of HS is potentially safe and efficacious in terms of increasing the viability of osteoarthritic chondrocytes, reducing pain and inflammation, and improving function in patients with knee OA. However, due to insufficient literature, pre-clinical studies to better understand the mechanism of action are required. In addition, adequately powered, multi-center, non-randomized, and randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up are warranted to establish the safety and efficacy of HS for the management of knee OA and to justify its clinical use.

Autologous Costal Chondral/Osteochondral Transplantation and Costa-Derived Chondrocyte Implantation for Articular Cartilage Repair: Basic Science and Clinical Applications.

There has been increasing application of autologous costal chondral/osteochondral transplantation (ACCT/ACOT) and costa-derived chondrocyte implantation (ACCI) for articular cartilage repair over the past three decades. This review presents the major evidence on the properties of costal cartilage and bone and their qualifications as grafts for articular cartilage repair, the major clinical applications, and the risks and strategies for costal chondral/osteochondral graft(s) harvest. First, costal cartilage has many specific properties that help restore the articular surface. Costa, which can provide abundant cartilage and cylindrical corticocancellous bone, preserves permanent chondrocyte and is the largest source of hyaline cartilage. Second, in the past three decades, autologous costal cartilage-derived grafts, including cartilage, osteochondral graft(s), and chondrocyte, have expanded their indications in trauma and orthopaedic therapy from small to large joints, from the upper to lower limbs, and from non-weight-bearing to weight-bearing joints. Third, the rate of donor-site complications of ACCT or ACOT is low, acceptable, and controllable, and some skills and accumulated experience can help reduce the risks of ACCT and ACOT. Costal cartilage-derived autografting is a promising technique and could be an ideal option for articular chondral lesions with or without subchondral cysts. More high-quality clinical studies are urgently needed to help us further understand the clinical value of such technologies.

PREVALENCE AND EFFECTS OF PROGRESSIVE OSTEOARTHRITIS ON SEX STEROIDS IN MALE AND FEMALE PATIENTS OF DISTRICT BUNER, KPK PAKISTAN

Osteoarthritis is a major cause of disability in older people; pain is considered one of the most important signs of osteoarthritis, which normally affects the weight-bearing joint, especially the knee joint. The objective of the present study was to find out the prevalence and effects of progressive Osteoarthritis (OA) on sex steroids in male patients of district Buner KP, Pakistan. Data was collected from 294 OA patients (Male, 46.18%; Female, 54.76%) at different hospitals through questionnaires, face-to-face interviews and blood sampling in district Buner. Results showed that the 50 to 60-year age group was mostly affected by OA (29.81%). In the case of females, OA was common in the plain areas, while male patients were in hilly areas. Among 294 patients, housewives (23.46%) and agriculture (18.7%) are more affected by Osteoarthritis. Blood samples were collected from 18 male patients of different age groups and analysed through the ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay) Test. The results obtained from ELISA showed that most of the OA patients have normal testosterone levels, but the two age groups, i.e., 50 to 60 and 60 to 70, have abnormal results of 0.251 ng/ml and 1.89 ng/ml. After analysis of all testosterone test results at different age groups, analysis of variance (ONE WAY ANOVA) results show that SS, MS and F values were 36.30, 7.26 and 9.3, respectively. We concluded that people over 40 are more likely to get OA. Osteoarthritis is more common in women than males, and it is more common in overweight people. Mountainous locations have a higher incidence of males with OA than females. Additionally, there are more females than males in plain terrain. According to our findings, bilateral OA is more typical than unilateral OA. Our research indicates a tenuous connection between OA and male patients' testosterone levels.

A Clinical Case Study on &lt;i&gt;Janu Sandhigata Vata&lt;/i&gt; with &lt;i&gt;Dhanwantri Taila Basti&lt;/i&gt;

The Purpose of the Work: The elderly are prone to the condition known as Sandhigata vata (osteoarthritis). Some ofthe risk/cause factors include lifestyle choices, excessive weight, trauma, and a diet lacking in calcium. Vata is vitiated by Rooksha aahar (dry diet) and Ativyaam (excessive exercise) It mostly affects the body’s weight-bearing joints, particularlythe knee, hip, and lumbar spine. The most prevalent type of articular problems, Sandhigata vata (osteoarthritis) severelyrestricts a sufferer’s ability to walk, dress, bathe, and do other daily tasks. The condition frequently manifests as Shula (pain),Sotha (swelling), Vata Poornadriti Sparsha (crackling sound), and trouble flexing and extending the Sandhi (joints). calciumsupplements, and ultimately joint replacement are all alternatives for therapy. Methodology: A 39-year-old patient with Janu Sandhigata Vata (osteoarthritis) came to Mahatma Gandhi Ayurveda College, Hospital, and Research Centre, Salod (H),Wardha. Key Findings and Major Conclusion: This indoor patient received 10 days of Anuvasana with Murchhita Tila Taila(medicated oil) and Dhanwantri Tailam Basti (enema) and 10 days of Abhyanga (massage) at Nabhi (umbilicus), Parshva(flanks), Prushtha (back), and Ubhayapada pradesh. The patient reacted favourably to these Ayurvedic therapies and hadsignificant alleviation symptoms. The patient was treated with Anuvashana and Niruha basti (enema). Schedule for theperiod 08 February 2023 to 18 February 2023 days and substantial positive change in signs and symptoms was observed.

Assessing the causal relationship of birth weight and childhood obesity on osteoarthritis: a Mendelian randomization study.

Obesity is associated with osteoarthritis (OA), but few studies have used fetal origin to explore the association. Our study aims to disentangle the causality between birth weight, childhood obesity, and adult OA using Mendelian randomization (MR). We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to birth weight (n = 298,142) and childhood obesity (n = 24,160) from two genome-wide association studies contributed by the Early Growth Genetics Consortium. Summary statistics of OA and its phenotypes (knee, hip, spine, hand, thumb, and finger OA) from the Genetics of Osteoarthritis Consortium (n = 826,690) were used to estimate the effects of SNPs on OA. Multivariable MR (MVMR) was conducted to investigate the independent effects of exposures. It turned out that genetically predicted standard deviation increase in birth weight was not associated with OA. In contrast, there was a marginally positive effect of childhood obesity on total [odds ratio (OR) = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00, 1.15 using IVW], knee (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.05, 1.22 using weighted median), hip (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.24 using IVW), and spine OA (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.03, 1.22 using IVW), but not hand, thumb, or finger OA. MVMR indicated a potential adulthood body mass index-dependent causal pathway between childhood obesity and OA. In conclusion, no association of birth weight with OA was suggested. Childhood obesity, however, showed a causality with OA in weight-bearing joints, which seems to be a general association of obesity with OA.