PREVALENCE AND EFFECTS OF PROGRESSIVE OSTEOARTHRITIS ON SEX STEROIDS IN MALE AND FEMALE PATIENTS OF DISTRICT BUNER, KPK PAKISTAN

Abstract

Osteoarthritis is a major cause of disability in older people; pain is considered one of the most important signs of osteoarthritis, which normally affects the weight-bearing joint, especially the knee joint. The objective of the present study was to find out the prevalence and effects of progressive Osteoarthritis (OA) on sex steroids in male patients of district Buner KP, Pakistan. Data was collected from 294 OA patients (Male, 46.18%; Female, 54.76%) at different hospitals through questionnaires, face-to-face interviews and blood sampling in district Buner. Results showed that the 50 to 60-year age group was mostly affected by OA (29.81%). In the case of females, OA was common in the plain areas, while male patients were in hilly areas. Among 294 patients, housewives (23.46%) and agriculture (18.7%) are more affected by Osteoarthritis. Blood samples were collected from 18 male patients of different age groups and analysed through the ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay) Test. The results obtained from ELISA showed that most of the OA patients have normal testosterone levels, but the two age groups, i.e., 50 to 60 and 60 to 70, have abnormal results of 0.251 ng/ml and 1.89 ng/ml. After analysis of all testosterone test results at different age groups, analysis of variance (ONE WAY ANOVA) results show that SS, MS and F values were 36.30, 7.26 and 9.3, respectively. We concluded that people over 40 are more likely to get OA. Osteoarthritis is more common in women than males, and it is more common in overweight people. Mountainous locations have a higher incidence of males with OA than females. Additionally, there are more females than males in plain terrain. According to our findings, bilateral OA is more typical than unilateral OA. Our research indicates a tenuous connection between OA and male patients' testosterone levels.