BASKIN, J. M. AND C. C. BASKIN (Sch. Biol. Sci., Univ. Kentucky, Lexington 40506-0225). The ecological life cycle of Campanula americana in northcentral Kentucky. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 111: 329-337. 1984.-In northcentral Kentucky, a high percentage of the seeds of C. americana are dispersed in August and September, but some remain on the plants until winter. At dispersal seeds are nondormant and can germinate over a wide range of temperatures; germination percentages are higher in light than in darkness. Stratification did not induce seeds into dormancy. As a result of these dispersal and germination characteristics, seeds germinate in the field in late summer-early autumn and in spring. Seeds collected and planted (dispersed) in September germinated mostly in autumn, whereas those collected and planted in October germinated mostly in spring. Fresh seeds and those receiving 12 weeks of stratification or dry storage germinated to higher percentages when incubated on soil than when incubated on sand. Campanula americana has an absolute vernalization requirement for flowering. Seedlings and juveniles can be vernalized, but seeds cannot. Thus, plants from seeds that germinate in summer or autumn behave as winter annuals, and those from seeds that germinate in spring act as biennials. The species is a quantitative long day plant.