Week Of July Research Articles

Population Dynamics of Major Insect Pests Associated with Karanja (Pongomia pinnata L.) Pierre Based Agroforestry System

A study was carried out at Jabalpur (M.P.), India on the population dynamics of the major inspect pests in Karanja (Pongomia pinnata L.) Pierre in 40 provenances intercropped with soybean. Three major insect pests namely leafminer (Liriomyza trifolii), white fly (Bemissia tabaci) and and stemfly (Melanagromyza sojae (Zehntner)) were found infesting the karanja trees well as soybean crop A girdle beetle (Obereopsis bravis) and cow bug were also observed. Incidence of cow bug started in the first week of July and continued up to last of September. The population of cow bug attained its peak. by the middle of August at minimum and maximum temperature of 23.5℃ and 31.5℃ respectively, minimum and maximum relative humidity of 75% and 88% respectively and rainfall of 122 mm. The incidence of stem fly appeared from second week of august and continued up to last week of October and its highest population synchronized with adequate number of leaves of tree. The correlation studies a significant and positive correlation and did not differ significant between the insect population of white fly, girdle beetle and bark cater pillar between The population dynamics of Jassid. stem fly girdle, and bark eating caterpillar was not affected by average relative humidity.

Nurses’ job crafting, work engagement, and well-being: a path analysis

BackgroundNurses’ well-being is a topic of interest at both individual and organizational levels. Studies that explore the relationship between nurses’ job crafting, work engagement, and well-being are scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to confirm the effect of job crafting and work engagement on nurses’ well-being.MethodsThis cross-sectional survey study involved 207 nurses within a week in July 2022 across two centers, among whom the response rate was 99%. Three following instruments were used in the survey: the 14-item well-being scale, the 12-item job crafting scale, and the 9-item Utrecht Work Engagement Scores (UWES). Path analysis was performed and goodness of fit was evaluated.ResultsJob crafting and work engagement were strongly correlated with well-being, and nurses’ well-being was affected by job crafting and work engagement. Path model fit indices were adequate. The mediating effect of work engagement on the relationship between job crafting and well-being revealed that task job crafting influenced psychological well-being through work engagement (Effect: 0.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08–0.22, p = 0.001). Furthermore, relational job crafting influenced social well-being through work engagement (Effect: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.11–0.38, p = 0.001).ConclusionThe study’s findings can help strategize human resource management programs to enhance relational job crafting to improve nurses’ social well-being and enhance task job crafting to improve their psychological well-being. Furthermore, through job crafting, improved human resource policies can enhance work engagement and improve nurses’ well-being.

Effect of Planting Time and Nitrogen Doses on Growth, Phenology and Yield of Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Agro-Climatic Conditions of Haryana, India

A field experiment on rice was conducted at RRS, Kaul (Kaithal) of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during Kharif season of 2022 to find out optimum dose of nitrogen in rice under late planted condition for getting higher yield. The transplantation get delayed because of shortage of labour and water during the brief transplanting period, which may affect the crop yield adversely under late planting. Soil of experimental field was sandy clay loam texture, alkaline in reaction (7.81), low in organic carbon (0.39%), available nitrogen (130 kg ha-1) and medium in available phosphorous (24 kg ha-1) and high in available potash (480 kg ha-1). The experiment included two transplanting dates (P1: First week of July and P2: Fourth week of July), five levels of N application (N1:0, N2:30, N3:60, N4:90, N5:120 kg N ha-1) laid out in factorial randomised block design. The growth parameters viz. plant height (cm), number of tillers m-2 and dry matter accumulation (g) were reduced significantly under late planting (P2). The yield (grain and straw) of the rice crop increased with each successive increase in N level, although the response was only significant up to 90 kg ha-1. The interaction between planting time and N levels was found to be significant in terms of grain yield, revealing that dose of 90 kg ha-1 was sufficient in timely transplanted rice crops (1st week of July), whereas late transplanted crops (4th week of July) may require a higher dose of N (120 kg ha-1) to get higher yield. However, the highest yield was obtained when the crop was timely transplanted (1st week of July) and supplied 90 kg of N ha-1.

B-005 Blood pH and Phosphate Tend to Follow an Inversely Correlated Homeostatic Status

Abstract Background Phosphorus containing biomolecules perform an essential biochemical function in maintaining extra and intracellular acid-base status. Maintaining normal concentration (2.5–4.5 mg/dl) of phosphorus is indispensable for optimal cellular function and homeostasis. Serum concentration of phosphorus (mainly inorganic orthophosphates) is an indicator of H2PO4−/HPO42− acid-base buffer condition. Disturbance of pH could be an immediate impact of many respiratory and metabolic morbidities. Extra/intracellular redistribution of phosphates in response to an abnormal pH is an established homeostatic phenomenon. Failure to maintain an appropriate phosphate level to support the extra/intracellular redistribution may result in a pH shock. Therefore, it is important to have a clear understanding on how blood phosphate and pH levels are interconnected which could assist in guiding therapeutic interventions to fix phosphate abnormalities and acid-base disturbances. This study examined the homeostatic correlation between blood pH and phosphate level among hospitalized and ambulatory patients. Methods Serum phosphorus concentration and pH were retrieved from the biochemical profiles and arterial blood gas data of hospitalized and ambulatory patients who presented or admitted our tertiary care level university hospital during the first week of July, 2021. Logarithmic (base ten) values of phosphorus concentration were determined to normalize the distribution of the phosphorus data more uniform. Correlation analyses between phosphorus/log[phosphorus] and pH were performed by GraphPad PRISM version 8. Results A total of 101 corresponding blood gases and phosphate levels were obtained. Both phosphorus and log [phosphorus] values of the patients displayed an inverse correlation with arterial pH (Figure 1a and b). Pearson r values demonstrated a negative correlation between phosphorus/log [phosphorus] and pH (−0.6737 and −0.6450, respectively).Fig. 1. Conclusion Monitoring of phosphate levels provide an early indication of acid base status. Phosphorus level maintains an inverse correlation with pH profile. Therefore, a therapeutic manipulation of phosphorus or pH may have a mutual effect requiring further investigation.

Potential Health Impacts from a Wildfire Smoke Plume over Region Jämtland Härjedalen, Sweden

In the summer of 2018, Sweden experienced widespread wildfires, particularly in the region of Jämtland Härjedalen during the final weeks of July. We previously conducted an epidemiological study and investigated acute respiratory health effects in eight municipalities relation to the wildfire air pollution. In this study, we aimed to estimate the potential health impacts under less favorable conditions with different locations of the major fires. Our scenarios focused on the most intense plume from the 2018 wildfire episode affecting the largest municipality, which is the region’s only city. Combining modeled PM2.5 concentrations, gridded population data, and exposure–response functions, we assessed the relative increase in acute health effects. The cumulative population-weighted 24 h PM2.5 exposure during the nine highest-level days reached 207 μg/m3 days for 63,227 inhabitants. We observed a small number of excess cases, particularly in emergency unit visits for asthma, with 13 additional cases compared to the normal 12. Overall, our scenario-based health impact assessment indicates minor effects on the studied endpoints due to factors such as the relatively small population, limited exposure period, and moderate increase in exposure compared to similar assessments. Nonetheless, considering the expected rise in fire potential due to global warming and the long-range transport of wildfire smoke, raising awareness of the potential health risks in this region is important.

The Effect of the Hight of the Pheromone Traps Type Delta in Trapping and Forecasting the Emergence of the Lesser Date Moth, Batrachedra amydraula Meyrick and Evaluating the Sensitivity of Some Palm Varieties to Insect Injury

El-Filahy, M.H.A. and M.Sh. Mansour. 2023. The Effect of the Hight of the Pheromone Traps Type Delta in Trapping and Forecasting the Emergence of the Lesser Date Moth, Batrachedra amydraula Meyrick and Evaluating the Sensitivity of Some Palm Varieties to Insect Injury. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 41(3): 226-232. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-41.3.226232 During the 2021-2022 season field study conducted in Anbar governorate to determine the population dynamics of Batrachedra amydraula using pheromone traps (Alpha scenes Inc. West Linn) and the effect of trap height on number of male insects traped. In addition, host preference and sensitivity of date palm varieties to infestation with the insect was also evaluated. The results obtained showed that the first appearance of the insect was at the end of the third week of March with an average of 2 insects/trap at a temperature of 16.5°C and 51.5% RH. The number of insects caught in the trap reached a peak during the first week of June at an average of 139 insect/trap, at a temperature of 32°C and 42% RH. The insect count then decreased after the third week of June to zero insects/trap until the third week of July. Field experiments also showed that the traps height had an effect on the number of insects caught. The average number of total insects caught in traps at 1.5 m was 45.5, whereas the average number of insects caught in traps placed at 2.5 m was 20.5. The results also showed that the highest total infestation rate in the Khistawi variety was 36.89%, followed by Zahdi (18.83%). The infestation rate of the variety kheyara was the lowest (12.61%). The results also showed the average larval density of the insect Batrachedra amydraula was the highest on the khestawi variety with total average injury severity of 0.14%, followed by zahdi variety with an average total injury severity of 0.05%. Therefore, by combining the infestation rate and average number of the insect larvae, it can be concluded that the Khistawi variety was the most sensitive to the insect, and the variety Kheyara was the most tolerant. In addition, the use of pheromone traps was instrumental in reducing the injury caused by the insect, and using resistant/tolerant varieties can effectively contributes to the reduction of the infestation rate of the insect to become below the economic injury level. Keywords: Date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L., Lesser date moth Batrachedra amydraula, Pheromone traps, Variety sensitivity

NITROGEN AND BIOFERTILIZATION EFFECTS ON BIOCHEMICAL, QUALITATIVE, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF SORGHUM (SORGHUM BICOLOR L.)

A field experiment done in the spring of 2022 on Sorghum bicolor L. cultivars with different nitrogen and biofertilizer fertilizer regimes proceeded at the Ibn-Al-Bitar Vocational Preparatory School, District Al-Hussainiya, Holy Governorate of Kerbala. Sowing in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a factorial experiment and three replications took place in the third week of March 2022, and harvesting in the third week of July 2022. The trial included two factors; the first had three sorghum cultivars (V1 = Al-Khair, V2 = Rabeh, and V3 = Bohuth 70). The second factor was combinations of nitrogen and biofertilizers, i.e., F0 = the complete dose of nitrogen fertilizer (320 kg N ha-1 ); F1 = 3/4 nitrogen fertilizer + Azotobacter; F2 = 1/2 nitrogen fertilizer + Azotobacter; F3 = 1/4 nitrogen fertilizer + Azotobacter, and F4 = Azotobacter with no nitrogen fertilizer. The results showed the superiority of cultivar Bohuth 70 for the traits yield per plant (116.2 g plant-1 ) and nitrogen, phosphorus, and protein percentages in grains (2.212%, 0.3212%, and 13.82%, respectively). Cultivar Al-Khair excelled in total chlorophyll, ash, and potassium percentages in grains (1.057 mg g-1 , 2.165%, and 2.085%, respectively). As for the interaction, the combined treatments V3F0 excelled in the traits of yield per plant (134.4 g plant-1 ), nitrogen (2.610%), and protein percentages (16.31%), while the interaction of V1F3 performed better for the variables ash and potassium percentages (2.600% and 2.160%, respectively). However, the reaction of V3F1 surpassed phosphorus and potassium percentages (0.3615% and 2.160%). The research happened to know the extent to reducing the quantities of recommended chemical nitrogen fertilizers and their effect on the qualitative.

Pollen sources and time of pollination for hand pollination affect biochemical and organoleptic attributes of sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) cv. Arka Sahan

The present investigation aimed to know the effect of different pollen sources and time of pollination for hand pollination on biochemical and organoleptic properties in sugar apple cv. Arka Sahan. For the study, a total 130 flowers of cv. Arka Sahan were hand pollinated with three different pollen sources, such as Balanagar, Raydurg and APK-Ca 1 at three different times in the July. It was found that pollen source and timing significantly affected fruit quality attributes and organoleptic traits. Fruits of T1 (first pollination with Balanagar) exhibited maximum pulp weight, fruit weight and seeds per fruit. The biochemical traits such as higher total soluble solids (32.33 ºBrix), lower titratable acidity (TA) (0.25%), higher total sugar (TS) (25.55%), reducing sugar (RS) (22.75%) and non-reducing sugar (NRS) (2.66 %) were also reported in T1. Likewise, higher ascorbic acid (AA) (27.87 mg/100g) and minimum total phenols content (TPC) (66.76 ?g GAE/100g) were also obtained in T1 yielded fruits compared to the naturally pollinated (control). Evaluation of organoleptic revealed that pollen source and pollination time also affected the sweetness, sourness aroma, grittiness and overall acceptability (8.62) of pulp. Results of organoleptic evaluation revealed that pollen sources and pollination times also affected the sweetness, sourness, aroma, grittiness and overall acceptability (8.62) of the fruit pulp. Hence, Balanagar could be used as an effective pollen source for hand pollination in Arka Sahan during initial weeks of July to get higher quality and acceptability of the sugar apple fruits.

Comparing the Effect of Conventional and Team Triage Methods on Emergency Department Performance Indicators

Background. Effective triage is a viable solution to improve performance indicators in the emergency department. This study aimed to compare the effect of conventional triage and team triage methods on the performance indicators of emergency department. Methods. In this descriptive cross-sectional research, all 749 patients referred to the emergency department of Tabriz Sina Hospital were triaged using conventional and team methods for two consecutive weeks in July 2020. A researcher-made checklist was used to collect emergency performance indicators. The data were extracted from patient records and recorded in the checklist. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests in the SPSS.19 software. Results. Among the patients, 86.9% in the triage group using the conventional method (52.7% female) and 86.7% in the group using the team method (52% female) were older than 40 years. The results showed that in the team triage group, the number of temporarily hospitalized patients was significantly higher and the frequency of self-responsible exit was lower compared to the conventional method (P < 0.05). In addition, the waiting time for patients triaged with the team method was shorter, and the difference in values was significant for all three triage levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion. According to our results, team triage had a more positive effect on improving emergency performance indicators compared to the conventional method. Therefore, it is recommended to consider this method in hospital emergency departments to provide better services and increase patient satisfaction.

The feeding regime of the Spanish mackerel (Scomber colias Gmelin, 1789) under ordeal by time: A change to the detriment of prey-species of the genus Sardinella

Sardinellas are amongst the principal fishery resources of the Ivorian coastal areas, being the prey of predatory fishes, of which tunas. A close observation of the trophic ecology and fisheries data in the scientific literature permitted to gain insights into previously-held relationship between the Spanish mackerel and the Sardinellas regarding feeding. We recall past facts accounting for the disappearance of both species from the landings, following the scarceness of the round Sardinella (Sardinella aurita). This study was carried out to investigate the current relationship between both species, selecting a fishery for its heavy catches for Sardinellas. Samples of Scomber colias were taken each week of July and August from that fishery in 2022. A total of 115 specimens were collected at the landing stage of Sassandra (Southwestern Côte d’Ivoire). The fish were measured and weighed, and stages for sexual maturity of their gonads were estimated. The results indicated that specimens ranged in size from 20.4 to 35.5 cmFL while their stomachs measured between 1.8 and 9.6 cm. Stomach contents weights ranged from 0.05 to 36.5 g. The stomach contents analysis showed a feeding regime made up mainly of small organism-prey, of which the mantel shrimp Scyllarides herklotsii, the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus notialis, the spiny lobster Nephropsis atlantica, juvenile fish species of the Myctophidae family, juvenile Cephalopods (squids), and almost no fish of the genus Sardinella. The occurrence of a large proportion of empty stomachs (whose weight was <2.0 g) was noticeable, since the Spanish mackerel mainly fed on small prey.

Turbulent Diffusion Effect on PM2.5 Concentration above an Urban Canopy

Abstract Turbulent diffusion played a role in mixing the pollutants that caused instability in the atmospheric boundary layer by analyzing the features of turbulent transfer, diffusion coefficients of momentum (km) and heat (kh), and the shape of universal functions of PM2.5. Observation of turbulence measured by 3D ultrasonic anemometer for one week in both January and July 2016, in Baghdad, Iraq. K and PM2.5 concentrations had a strong inverse relationship under three atmospheric stabilities: unstable, neutral, and stable conditions, this indicated that turbulent diffusion’s impact was significant during the observed period. According to the comparisons between Km and Kh, the strength of the turbulent exchange of PM2.5 concentration at stations may be weaker or stronger than the strength of the turbulent momentum and heat exchange. Finally, the result shows the turbulent diffusion coefficient by heat Kh was larger than the turbulent diffusion coefficient by momentum Km.

Peran Guru Dalam Pengembangan Literasi Digital

This Community Service Program examines efforts to enhance teachers' digital literacy in online learning. In the era of information technology, information and digital literacy have become crucial. The execution of this Community Service Program aims to improve teachers' understanding of digital literacy. This activity is conducted online in the second weeks of June and July. The provided topics include "Digital Literacy and Its Urgency in Today's Education," "Myths and Misconceptions about Literacy," and "Digital Literacy." The Community Service Team consists of two lecturers from Nahdlatul Ulama University Purwokerto, namely Dian Nastiti, M.Pd., and Indah Ayu Permana Pribadi, S.IP., M.Sos, with student participation. Data is analyzed descriptively and qualitatively to identify potential improvements through this program. The results of this program demonstrate that teachers at MI Maarif Nu Attijani are able to apply digital literacy in online learning. They effectively utilize platforms and instructional media with the guidance of the program team. This research emphasizes the importance of digital literacy for teachers and the success of the program in enhancing the utilization of technology in online learning.

Impact of weather on population dynamics and infestation of Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee on brinjal

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of weather parameters on the infestations of shoot and fruit caused by brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) during Kharif and Rabi seasons of two consecutive years. The findings showed that the shoot infestation began (5.35%) in 1st week of January and severed (30.85%) in 3rd week of February and 1st week of March in the first and second years. The shoot infestation was associated positively (r=0.267) with temperature but negatively with relative humidity and rainfall (r=-0.182 and -0.235). The fruit infestation (26.57% and 21.74%) began in the 1st week of February and gradually peaked (52.69 and 46.36%) in the 1st week of March. However, it was associated negatively with relative humidity (r=-0.773 and 0.747) and rainfall (r=-0.204 and -0.202) while positively with temperature during the rabi season of the first year. The same patterns of infestations were recorded in the next year. Compared to the Kharif seasons, shoot infestation started (7.65%) in 1st week of July and the highest (31.21%) in 3rd week of August. Additionally, it was associated negatively with temperature (r=-0.235) while positively with relative humidity and rainfall (r=0.060 and 0.677). The infestation of the fruit started (27.35 and 21.25%) in 1st week of August and steadily increased, reaching to peak (53.26 and 47.22%) in 1st week of September. Moreover, it was associated negatively with temperature (r=-0.500 and -0483) and positively with relative humidity (r=0.426 and 0.443). However, a negative association (r=-0.187 and -0.180) was found with rainfall. While in the second year, the same infestation patterns were recorded as the previous year, except rainfall was positively (r=0.0283 and 0.287) associated with fruit infestation. In conclusion, the weather affects the BSFB infestation significantly or non-significantly. This finding could be helpful for farmers in planning their cultivation practices for brinjal and pest management strategies to reduce the infestation caused by BSFB.

Features of the biochemical profile of blood in the pre-breeding period in breeding goats with various manifestations of sexual reflexes during the breeding season

Serum biochemical analysis is a valuable diagnostic tool to evaluate the metabolic and health status of animals. Сcompared with females, the relationship between biochemical components of blood and the effectiveness of the male reproductive system have been poorly understood. The aim of the work was to determine the biochemical blood profile before the start and at the peak of the breeding season in male Saanen goats with differences in the manifestation of sexual behavior. Blood sampling from animals (n = 16) was carried out twice: before the start of the breeding season (4th week of July) and at the peak of the breeding season (4th week of September). In the blood serum, the concentration of total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, glucose, total cholesterol, total bilirubin was determined, as well as the activity of enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). At the end of the observation period, the animals were divided into groups: group I (n=10) - males with a full manifestation of sexual reflexes when taking sperm and group II (n=6) - individuals with incomplete manifestation of sexual reflexes. The biochemical profile of blood had features in males with differences in the manifestation of sexual behavior. At the peak of the breeding season in group I compared to group II in the blood of animals, the concentration of creatinine, triglycerides and total bilirubin increased by 37.4%, 170%, 48.3%, respectively (at least p<0.05). Before the mating period, the content of total bilirubin in the blood in group II was 63.9% higher than in group I (p<0.01) and 12.1% higher than the upper limit of the reference interval. We assume that an increase in the concentration of total bilirubin in the blood of males in the pre-mating period above the boundary of the reference interval is negatively associated with the full manifestation of sexual reflexes in the breeding season.

BT20 Straight to biopsy vs. face-to-face consultation for skin lesions referred on a 2-week wait pathway: a review of outcomes

Abstract Teledermatology has become an essential tool in the triage and management of skin cancer referral pathways. The implementation of the process varies between dermatology departments. At a large multihospital trust, a retrospective service evaluation was conducted looking at the outcomes between two dermatology sites within the trust. Both use the same teledermatology platform to review all referrals made via a 2-week wait suspected cancer pathway for skin lesions. The main comparator was that one of the sites employs a straight to biopsy (STB) outcome as a potential pathway for referred lesions. The other site conducts face-to-face (F2F) review of suspicious lesions warranting biopsy first. Data were collected for all referrals made to both sites over a week in July 2021. A total of 506 lesions were referred across the two sites. Following teledermatology review at the site where STB was adopted, 32.2% (n = 96/298) of patients had a STB outcome and 33.9% (n = 101/298) had a F2F outcome. In comparison, 48.6% (n = 101/208) had a F2F outcome at the other site. Where STB was employed, biopsies were carried out for 13 intermediate lesions (actinic keratosis, superficial basal cell carcinoma, Bowen disease) vs. seven following F2F review at the other site. Rates of definitive surgery, for example wide local excision, were comparable between sites: 13.4% (STB) vs. 15.5%. Curettage and cautery was performed exclusively for lesions reviewed at the STB site, whereas at the other site, intermediate lesions were seen F2F and likely discharged following management with cryotherapy, topical treatments or conservative measures. The STB model can be appealing as it eliminates the need for a F2F review for lesions that require histological confirmation for diagnosis and management, saving valuable time and resources. However, the multiple stages involved in processing biopsies are costly and resource intensive when considering that many intermediate lesions can be treated from a clinical diagnosis alone. Biopsies are associated with increased morbidity and risk, unnecessary extra steps in patient care. With the Montgomery ruling, the process of consent must be robust and consider the individual values of each patient. Biopsies in more complex anatomical sites may pose additional difficulty when obtaining valid consent. The STB can have a role in the management of skin lesions and can streamline patient pathways. However, it does not replace good clinical acumen and, to remain cost-effective, needs to be employed in an appropriate manner.

Investigating the impact of fungicides and mungbean genotypes on the management of pod rot disease caused by Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium chlamydosporum.

Mungbean is a vital pulse crop in India that can thrive in dry-land conditions and is grown in three seasons, with the added benefit of being used as green manure due to its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. Recently, pod rot disease has emerged as a serious threat to mungbean cultivation in India. In this study, morpho-molecular identification of associated pathogens and the bio-efficacy of systemic and non-systemic fungicides as well as genotype screening was performed during the years 2019 and 2020. The pathogens associated with this disease were confirmed on the basis of morphological and molecular characterization. For the molecular characterization, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef-1) gene sequences were amplified by using primers (EF1 and EF2). Under in vitro conditions, trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole 75% WG was found to be the most effective against Fusarium equiseti (ED50 2.39 μg ml-1) and Fusarium chlamydosporum (ED50 4.23 μg ml-1) causal agents of pod rot of mungbean. Under field conditions, three applications of trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole 75% WG at 0.07% as a foliar application at fortnightly intervals starting from the last week of July proved to be the most effective against pod rot disease on mungbean cultivars, i.e., ML 2056 and SML 668. To identify the potential resistance sources, 75 interspecific derivative and mutant lines of mungbean were screened for disease reaction to pod rot under natural epiphytotic conditions for the years 2019 and 2020. Genotypic differences were observed for resistance to pod rot disease. The study revealed that among the tested genotypes, ML 2524 exhibited resistance to pod rot disease, with a disease incidence of 15.62% and disease severity of 7.69%. In addition, 41 other genotypes were found to be moderately resistant (MR) to the disease. Altogether, the identified management options will offer an immediate solution to manage this disease under recent outbreak conditions and pave a path for futuristic disease management using identified resistant sources in breeding programs.

Performance of Promising Potato Genotypes in Red Ant (Dorylus orientalis) Management

This experiment was carried out to identify appropriate potato genotypes for red ant management and increase the tuber yield of potato during 2020 and 2021 years. Eight different promising potato genotypes [1. PRP-056267.9 2. PRP-85861.11 3. CIP-394311.112 4. PRP-136368.1 5. PRP-22627.1 6. PRP-296668.1 7. Janakdev (standard check) and 8. Ilam local (Bite)] received from National Potato Research Program (NPRP), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal were included in the study. Experiment was conducted in previously red ant infected potato field in Completely Randomized Block Design with three replications. The experimental plot size was 5.4 m2 (3m x 1.8m) where planting tubers was done at 60 cm row to row and 25 cm plants to plant spacing. Fertilizers of NPK were applied at the rate of 100:100:60 kg /ha and 20 t/ha compost. Well sprouted tubers with weight 30-40 g were planted during the second week of February. Harvesting was done during the last week of July. Data on yield attributing traits, late blight disease, and number of red ant damaged tubers, red ant infested yield and healthy tuber yield were recorded. The standard check potato variety Janakdev (1.00 red ant score, 2.32 – 2.36 % red ant incidence percentage and 0.66 – 0. 71 t/ha red ant infected tuber yield ), PRP-056267.9 (1.00 red ant score, 4.51 – 5.10 % red ant incidence percentage and 0.56 – 0. 67 t/ha red ant infected tuber yield ) and PRP-85861.11 (1.00 red ant score, 4.55 – 5.47 % red ant incidence percentage and 0.76 – 0. 86 t/ha red ant infected tuber yield ) were found tolerant to red ant infestation and produced the highest tuber yield (27.74 t/ha – 28.62 t /ha by Janakdev variety followed by 21.79 - 22.26 t/ha by PRP-056267.9 and 21.09 - 21.05 t/ha by PRP-85861.11 potato genotypes). Therefore, planting of Janakdev variety as well as PRP-056267.9 and PRP-85861.11 potato genotypes is appropriate for higher potato tuber yield and lower down red ant incidence at Jaubari area.

Pelatihan Personality Development dan Keterampilan Komunikasi Kepemimpinan Remaja di Kampung Sejahtera Kota Medan

The community partnership program with the title Personality Development and Leadership Communication Skills for Youth in Kampung Sejahtera Medan City is to provide knowledge of soft skills in terms of developing communication skills for adolescents in Kampung Sejahtera, Petisah Tengah Village, Medan Petisah Subdistrict, Medan City. This activity was carried out at the Kampung Sejahtera river school hall, Jalan KH. Zainul Arifin, Medan City. The implementation of this activity is carried out in the first week and end of July 2022. The method of implementation in this activity program is using lectures, group discussions, and mentoring for youth in order to improve soft skills of personality characteristics, good personality, good performance, and skills and abilities. skills in communication. The results of the activities that have been carried out in this community partnership program have provided a positive response for the youth activity participants, such as high enthusiasm in participating in the activities. In addition, some that appear that are often encountered can be given an explanation from program implementers that can increase youth's knowledge regarding the development of communication skills and skills .

Global Three‐Dimensional Water Vapor Feature‐Tracking for Horizontal Winds Using Hyperspectral Infrared Sounder Data From Overlapped Tracks of Two Satellites

AbstractThe lack of measurements of three‐dimensional (3D) distribution of horizontal wind vectors is a major challenge in atmospheric science. Here, we develop an algorithm to retrieve winds for nine pressure levels at 1° grid spacing from 70°N to 70°S. The retrieval is done by tracking water vapor from the hyperspectral Cross‐track Infrared Sounder aboard two polar satellites (NOAA‐20 and Suomi‐NPP) that have overlapped tracks separated by 50 min. We impose a gross error check by flagging retrievals that are too different from ERA‐5 reanalysis. Testing the algorithm for the first week of January and July 2020 indicates that our algorithm yields 104 wind profiles per day and these 3D winds qualitatively agree with ERA‐5. Compared with radiosonde data, the errors are within the range of reported errors of cloud‐tracking winds.

Evaluation of Garlic Genotypes under Farmer’s Field Condition of Jumla, Nepal

On-farm trial on different garlic genotypes selected from Advance Yield Trial was carried out at Patrashi Rural Municipality of Jumla (2430 masl) for two consecutive years 2017/18 and 2018/19 to evaluate garlic genotypes suitable for the high hills of Karnali region of Nepal. Twelve different garlic genotypes: ARM 01, ARM 02, ARM 03, ARM 04, ARM 05, ARM 07, ARM 09, Mugu Local, Kathmandu Local, Chinese, Holeri and Malikabota were tested on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Each treatment was replicated three times. Compost was used at 20t/ha at the time of land preparation. There was no use of chemical fertilizer. Selected cloves of garlic were planted with 15 cm x 10 cm spacing of row to row and clove to clove respectively. Planting and harvesting were done on the third week of September and first week of July respectively. Tested genotypes differed significantly for vegetative as well as yield parameters. The genotype ARM01 produced the bulbs with the highest (50.49 mm) diameter followed by ARM 04 (45.14 mm), Kathmandu Local (34.52 mm) and Chinese (33.44 mm) respectively. The highest bulb yield (29.73 t/ha) was recorded from genotype ARM 01 followed by Kathmandu Local (19.4 t/ha), ARM 04 (18.51 t/ha) and Chinese (17.59 t/ha). Based on the average result of both years, genotypes ARM 01, Kathmandu Local, ARM 04, and Chinese showing above mentioned average productivity ranging from 17.59 t/ha to 29.73 t/ha, were identified as the promising genotypes for commercial cultivation in the high hills of Karnali region of Nepal.