Web Page Content Research Articles

Large-Scale IoT Devices Firmware Identification Based on Weak Password

The growth of Internet-connected IoT devices brings many security issues, such as DDoS, weak password and embedded malware. The vulnerability analysis is a critical strategy to prevent security issues. Due to technical exclusivity of diverse manufacturers, their firmware is hard to patch timely and respectively. Therefore, the vulnerability of the device is closely related to the device firmware version. The identification of the firmware version is an essential prerequisite for protecting these devices from attack. With the increasing of IoT devices, device firmware identification is still a critical challenge. In this paper, we propose a new firmware identification method by analyzing webpages content directly based on a weak password. We extract the characteristics of the login page to identify the device type and brand, and then use classification and page segmentation to identify the model and firmware version of the device. We evaluated 74,307 devices to verify the effectiveness of our proposed method. Experimental results show that our method achieves an accuracy of 95.97%, superior to the other methods.

Unconstrained temporal inconsistency checking of natural language in webpage

This paper discusses the problem called 'web temporal inconsistency', which refers to the ambiguity and conflict between the time webpages expressed and the actual time web users concerned about and understanding in the current situation. It is an important criterion of quality evaluation of network information, related to the timeliness and accuracy of webpage content. Huge quantities of pages have the problem, seriously affecting the user's understanding of content and decision-making. This paper analyses the problem of webpages, establishes the temporal inconsistency model and the method of measurement of unconstrained inconsistency which is one of the sub problems of web temporal inconsistency, and constructs the reasoning mechanism based on the web time axis. The experiments show the model is superior to the baseline.

QoS3: Secure Caching in HTTPS Based on Fine-Grained Trust Delegation

With the ever-increasing concern in network security and privacy, a major portion of Internet traffic is encrypted now. Recent research shows that more than 70% of Internet content is transmitted using HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS). However, HTTPS encryption eliminates the advantages of many intermediate services like the caching proxy, which can significantly degrade the performance of web content delivery. We argue that these restrictions lead to the need for other mechanisms to access sites quickly and safely. In this paper, we introduce QoS3, which is a protocol that can overcome such limitations by allowing clients to explicitly and securely re-introduce in-network caching proxies using fine-grained trust delegation without compromising the integrity of the HTTPS content and modifying the format of Transport Layer Security (TLS). In QoS3, we classify web page contents into two types: (1) public contents that are common for all users, which can be stored in the caching proxies, and (2) private contents that are specific for each user. Correspondingly, QoS3 establishes two separate TLS connections between the client and the web server for them. Specifically, for private contents, QoS3 just leverages the original HTTPS protocol to deliver them, without involving any middlebox. For public contents, QoS3 allows clients to delegate trust to specific caching proxy along the path, thereby allowing the clients to use the cached contents in the caching proxy via a delegated HTTPS connection. Meanwhile, to prevent Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks on public contents, QoS3 validates the public contents by employing Document object Model (DoM) object-level checksums, which are delivered through the original HTTPS connection. We implement a prototype of QoS3 and evaluate its performance in our testbed. Experimental results show that QoS3 provides acceleration on page load time ranging between 30% and 64% over traditional HTTPS with negligible overhead. Moreover, QoS3 is deployable since it requires just minor software modifications to the server, client, and the middlebox.

An ontology-driven multimedia focused crawler based on linked open data and deep learning techniques

Web-page indexing and classification have been studied extensively starting from the early WWW years. A smart intelligent web agent called focused crawler is a specific software able to seek web pages that are relevant to a particular topic domain. In this article we propose a novel approach to focused crawling based on the use of both textual and multimedia web page content. In our approach we define a novel strategy to choose if a web page should be further explored. We implement our framework in a system which aims to improve the crawling task using semantic based techniques and combining the results with novel technologies like convolutional neural networks and linked open data. Our framework uses ontologies to correlate different topics and understanding their relationships. The correlation among topics is used to improve a textual topic detection step. These results are combined with multimedia analysis and classification based on convolutional neural networks to extract image features. Experimental results are also presented and discussed in order to measure the effectiveness of our framework compared with other approaches using a ground truth composed of web pages about a specific domain.

MODIFIED CYLINDRICAL PROJECTIONS IN CURRENT STANDARDS OF DISPLAY DEVICES

The purpose of this work is to justify the need to develop display-oriented mathematical bases with orthogonal map grid and to find the parameters of normal conformal, equal-area and equidistance cylindrical projections for geographical maps of the world, adapted to the size of the screen frame. Method. Visualization of geographical images on GIS display devices requires the design of optimal parameters of elements of the mathematical basis of maps, which involves choosing or surveying a map projection, selecting a scale range of images, setting a map grid, etc., provided that the screen space is used as efficiently as possible. In order to effectively filling the rectangular frame of the display device, it's expedient to use the map projections with orthogonal grid of meridians and parallels, which include normal cylindrical projections. For ensuring the correlation between the sizes of the map image and display device the modified variants of cylindrical projections with a variable latitude of the tangent parallel or of the secant parallels are used. The advantages of this type of projection, in addition, include the possibility of operative calculation of the map grid parameters, high reproduction accuracy of forms and areas, the triviality of calculation of distortion parameters and inverse dependencies, the correlation between screen and geodetic or rectangular coordinate systems. Modified cylindrical projections are parameterized by latitude function, which allows the variation of distortion parameters depending on the position and size of the mapped area. Results. It has been experimentally proved that for the purpose of the most effective using of the display space, it is expedient to use orthogonal map grids with rectilinear meridians and parallels. The possibility and expediency using the modified cylindrical projections as mathematical bases of geographical maps of the world, which are intended for reproduction on display devices, is substantiated. The method of computing the optimal parameters of normal conformal, equal-area and equidistance cylindrical projections is proposed. The possibility of obtaining initial parameters and calculating projections at arbitrary relations of frame parameters of the display device by setting their values in the final equation of the corresponding map projections is established. Scientific novelty and practical significance. The scientific researches on the improvement of the mathematical bases of geographical maps in order to adapt them to the current standards of display devices in Ukraine were not performed. The obtained results can be used by software developers for creating cartographic web-services, as well as by cartographers – for developing the conditional mathematical bases of geographical maps of various territorial coverage. The use of modified variants of conformal, equal-area and equidistance cylindrical projections will significantly improve the quality of the design of map content of web-pages, will ensure the complete using of the screen space, high detailing of the map image and maximum display accuracy.

What to say on social media and how

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how nonprofit service providers can better engage their customers through online communication. It identifies two communication styles and three communication functions, and examines their impact on customer commenting, customer liking and customer sharing. Design/methodology/approach Similar to Python for Facebook, a software package for the automatic retrieval of web page content was developed specifically for this study to extract data from the microblog Sina Weibo. Following the successful retrieval of 1,500 randomly selected messages from 34 universities in China, a two-level regression was performed using Mplus 7 to examine the association between the proposed relationships. Findings The findings reveal that messages with a friendly communication style increase both the number of comments and their positive tone; an authoritative style has no effect on customer engagement. The functions associated with message content (spreading information, building community or promoting action) influence customer liking and sharing. Building community tends to engage more customers than spreading information; promoting action often generates the least customer engagement in social media settings. Originality/value The study fills an important research gap in the service marketing literature as it pertains to nonprofit service organizations (i.e. universities) by identifying two types of online identities based on the communication style and the messages posted on social media. This study is the first to investigate the relationship between identity type and audience engagement, and to analyze the moderating factors of this relationship.

Understanding the Manipulation on Recommender Systems through Web Injection

Recommender systems have been increasingly used in a variety of web services, providing a list of recommended items in which a user may have an interest. While important, recommender systems are vulnerable to various malicious attacks. In this paper, we study a new security vulnerability in recommender systems caused by web injection , through which malicious actors stealthily tamper any unprotected in-transit HTTP webpage content and force victims to visit specific items in some web services (even running HTTPS), e . g ., YouTube. By doing so, malicious actors can promote their targeted items in those web services. To obtain a deeper understanding on the recommender systems of our interest (including YouTube, Yelp, Taobao, and 360 App market), we first conduct a measurement-based analysis on several real-world recommender systems by leveraging machine learning algorithms. Then, web injection is implemented in three different types of devices ( i . e ., computer, router, and proxy server) to investigate the scenarios where web injection could occur. Based on the implementation of web injection, we demonstrate that it is feasible and sometimes effective to manipulate the real-world recommender systems through web injection. We also present several countermeasures against such manipulations.

Sentimental Analysis And Lsi Similarity Measure For Efficient Page Ranking

Supplementary factor to the general pagerank calculation which is utilized by Google chrome to rank sites in their web index results is tended to in this paper. These extra factors incorporate couple of ideas which expressly results to build the precision of evaluating the PageRank value. By making a decision about the likeness between the web page content with the text extracted from different site pagesresulted in topmost search using few keywords of the considered page for which the rank is to be determined by utilizing a comparability measure. It results with a worth or rate which speaks to the significance or similarity factor. Further, in a similar strategy if sentimental analysis is applied the search results of the keywords could be analysed with keywords of the page considered, it results with a Sentimental Analysed factor.In this way, one can improve and execute the Page ranking procedure which results with a superior accuracy.Hadoop Distributed File System is used to compute the page rank of input nodes. Python is chosen for parallel page rank algorithm that is executed on Hadoop.

Effective Genre Classification - Understanding Url And Webpage Attributes For Classification

With the boom in the number of internet pages, it is very hard to discover desired records effortlessly and fast out of heaps of web pages retrieved with the aid of a search engine. there may be a increasing requirement for automatic type strategies with more class accuracy. There are a few conditions these days in which it's far vital to have an green and reliable classification of a web-web page from the information contained within the URL (Uniform aid Locator) handiest, with out the want to go to the web page itself. We want to understand if the URL can be used by us while not having to look and visit the page due to numerous motives. Getting the web page content material and sorting them to discover the genre of the net web page is very time ingesting and calls for the consumer to recognize the shape of the web page which needs to be categorised. To avoid this time-eating technique we proposed an exchange method so one can help us get the genre of the entered URL based of the entered URL and the metadata i.e., description, keywords used in the website along side the title of the web site. This approach does not most effective rely upon URL however also content from the internet application. The proposed gadget can be evaluated using numerous available datasets.

Cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks and mitigation: A survey

The results of the Cisco 2018 Annual Security Report show that all analyzed web applications have at least one vulnerability. It also shows that web attacks are becoming more frequent, specific and sophisticated. According to this report, 40% of all attack attempts lead to a method known as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), which was the most widely used technique. According to the OWASP Top 10 - 2017 security risk, this type of attack is ranked No. 7, and it is noted that XSS is present in approximately two thirds of all web applications.This attack occurs when a malicious user uses a web application to execute or send malicious code on another user’s computer. Also, Cross Site Scripting is a type of cyber attack by which vulnerabilities are searched in a web application to introduce a harmful script. This implies that user information can be affected by stealing cookies, phishing, or attacking a company’s entire network.In this context, we have analyzed a total of 67 documents to collect information of the tools and methods that the scientific community has used to detect and mitigate these type of attack. It has been hypothesized that the trend in the proposal of traditional methods to mitigate XSS attacks is greater than the proposals that use some artificial intelligence technique. Our results show that the trend is increasing in the proposals that analyze the content of web pages (13.20%), as well as those that serve as a toolkit for web browsers (16.98%). Also, we have found that there is a low tendency in the use of artificial intelligence techniques to detect or mitigate this attack, using Web Classifiers (9.43%).

PDRCNN: Precise Phishing Detection with Recurrent Convolutional Neural Networks

Through well-designed counterfeit websites, phishing induces online users to visit forged web pages to obtain their private sensitive information, e.g., account number and password. Existing antiphishing approaches are mostly based on page-related features, which require to crawl content of web pages as well as accessing third-party search engines or DNS services. This not only leads to their low efficiency in detecting phishing but also makes them rely on network environment and third-party services heavily. In this paper, we propose a fast phishing website detection approach called PDRCNN that relies only on the URL of the website. PDRCNN neither needs to retrieve content of the target website nor uses any third-party services as previous approaches do. It encodes the information of an URL into a two-dimensional tensor and feeds the tensor into a novelly designed deep learning neural network to classify the original URL. We first use a bidirectional LSTM network to extract global features of the constructed tensor and give all string information to each character in the URL. After that, we use a CNN to automatically judge which characters play key roles in phishing detection, capture the key components of the URL, and compress the extracted features into a fixed length vector space. By combining the two types of networks, PDRCNN achieves better performance than just using either one of them. We built a dataset containing nearly 500,000 URLs which are obtained through Alexa and PhishTank. Experimental results show that PDRCNN achieves a detection accuracy of 97% and an AUC value of 99%, which is much better than state-of-the-art approaches. Furthermore, the recognition process is very fast: on the trained PDRCNN model, the average per URL detection time only cost 0.4 ms.

ELECTRONIC RESOURCES OF A LIBRARY AS MEANS OF PROVIDING INFORMATION SERVICES (FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF KRYVYI RIH STATE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY)

Purpose. Digital resources among services of university library. The article discusses content and role of library webpage in Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University; its structure and rubrics are analyzed. Changes in providing library and information services with implementation of online resources are described. Main issues concerning the distribution of digital information sources are described; ways to their solution are suggested. Methodology. On various stages of the survey the following methods were used: analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, primary sources search. These methods provided important factor of research objectivity; they allowed determining, processing and analyzing the whole complex of available sources. Finding. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the dynamics of new developments, current needs of the readers, and to work out decisions regarding the quality improvement of information search services. Practical value. Creating a theoretical foundation for implementation of set tasks and improving the quality of information services through online resources comprises the practical value of the acquired findings. Conclusions and results of the research can be used in university students’, postgraduates’ and professors’ information search activities as well as in modern library practice. Certain results of the research are used and implemented in practice of the library of Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, namely at the workshops on the basics of information culture. Results. Digital resources facilitate improvement and further development of providing online library services.

I see EK: A lightweight technique to reveal exploit kit family by overall URL patterns of infection chains

The prevalence and nonstop evolving technical sophistication of exploit kits (EKs) is one of the most challenging shifts in the modern cybercrime landscape. Over the last few years, malware infections via drive-by download attacks have been orchestrated with EK infrastructures. Malicious advertisements and compromised websites redirect victim browsers to web-based EK families that are assembled to exploit client-side vulnerabilities and finally deliver evil payloads. A key observation is that while the webpage contents have drastic differences between distinct intrusions executed through the same EK, the patterns in URL addresses stay similar. This is due to the fact that autogenerated URLs by EK platforms follow specific templates. This practice in use enables the development of an efficient system that is capable of classifying the responsible EK instances. This paper proposes novel URL features and a new technique to quickly categorize EK families with high accuracy using machine learning algorithms. Rather than analyzing each URL individually, the proposed overall URL patterns approach examines all URLs associated with an EK infection automatically. The method has been evaluated with a popular and publicly available dataset that contains 240 different real-world infection cases involving over 2250 URLs, the incidents being linked with the 4 major EK flavors that occurred throughout the year 2016. The system achieves up to 100 % classification accuracy with the tested estimators.

Multilingual Focused Crawler System based on Web Content Extraction and Path Configuration

The multilingual focused crawler system combines web content extraction with path configuration to make use of their advantages and achieve automatic collection of network information in multiple languages. Firstly, system selects foreign language keywords according to crawling webpage language and Chinese keywords, and uses initial link to obtain webpage information. Then, it uses path configuration information or web content extraction algorithm based on the distribution line block to get webpage content, and adopts rules or configuration information to acquire new links, published time and title. Next, keywords are used to filter irrelevant information. Finally, results are presented as a list. When users use focused crawler system, the webpage path information can be configured or not according to requirements, and the collected network resources can also be searched or filtered.

Classification of Under-Resourced Language Documents Using English Ontology

Automatic documents classification is an important task due to the rapid growth of the number of electronic documents, which aims automatically assign the document to a predefined category based on its contents. The use of automatic document classification has been plays an important role in information extraction, summarization, text retrieval, question answering, e-mail spam detection, web page content filtering, automatic message routing , etc.Most existing methods and techniques in the field of document classification are keyword based, but due to lack of semantic consideration of this technique, it incurs low performance. In contrast, documents also be classified by taking their semantics using ontology as a knowledge base for classification; however, it is very challenging of building ontology with under-resourced language. Hence, this approach is only limited to resourced language (i.e. English) support. As a result, under-resourced language written documents are not benefited such ontology based classification approach. This paper describes the design of automatic document classification of under-resourced language written documents. In this work, we propose an approach that performs classification of under-resourced language written documents on top of English ontology. We used a bilingual dictionary with Part of Speech feature for word-by-word text translation to enable the classification of document without any language barrier. The design has a concept-mapping component, which uses lexical and semantic features to map the translated sense along the ontology concepts. Beside this, the design also has a categorization component, which determines a category of a given document based on weight of mapped concept. To evaluate the performance of the proposed approach 20-test documents for Amharic and Tigrinya and 15-test document for Afaan Oromo in each news category used. In order to observe the effect of incorporated features (i.e. lemma based index term selection, pre-processing strategies during concept mapping, lexical and semantics based concept mapping) five experimental techniques conducted. The experimental result indicated that the proposed approach with incorporation of all features and components achieved an average F-measure of 92.37%, 86.07% and 88.12% for Amharic, Afaan Oromo and Tigrinya documents respectively. Keywords : under-resourced language, Multilingual, Documents or text Classification , knowledge base, Ontology based text categorization, multilingual text classification, Ontology. DOI : 10.7176/CEIS/10-6-02 Publication date :July 31 st 2019

Mining Specific Content Search using Clustering Algorithm

Overdue problems in information recovery are diagnosed with records in casual corporations and wealthy media content fabric. inside the ones cases, the substance is associated with multilingual, purchaser created views and substance, adaptability, strength and flexibility to mistakes. The graphical model learns is possibly a hopeful term is to be an difficulty term simply as how likely phrases are to be assembled collectively in an inquiry function, and catches the situations among the two elements. Proposed framework upgraded the past work to live faraway from duplication of comparative internet site on line via way of net page parsing and examination of web web page content material fabric. We suggest a bunching calculation is correctly have an effect on the two wonders to therefore mine the foremost subtopics of questions wherein each subtopic is spoken to via a set containing diverse URLs and key terms.moreover brief and gifted ordering and looking administrations are required, for you to scale advanced substance dissemination and video on interest, in which excellent degree of inquiries and substance related errands are done via customers. to assess the span of a hid database, on instinctive concept is to perform topple checking out.

Leveraging keyword-guided exploration to build test models for web applications

Abstract Context Dynamic exploration techniques, which automatically exercise possible user interface elements, have been used to explore user interface state flow graphs as test models for web applications. An exhaustive exploration may incur the well-known state explosion problem. In a limited amount of time, most existing dynamic exploration techniques tend to become mired in local or irrelevant regions of the web application due to not considering functionality semantics information. Hence, generated test models have often inadequate functionality coverage for deriving effective test cases. Objective This paper proposes a keyword-guided exploration strategy for automatic construction of web application test models. The goal is to generate incomplete test models with adequate functionality coverage in a given time budget for deriving test cases w.r.t. specified functionalities. Method Given very few keywords that describe specified functionalities, our strategy guides the exploration to discover user interface states and transitions among them that are relevant to the specified functionalities by computing similarity scores between text contents in web pages and given keywords. We use nine representative web applications to perform dynamic explorations in a given time budget and empirically evaluate functionality coverage, and other metrics, e.g., code coverage, the size of test model, the number of the test suite, path diversity, and DOM diversity. Results Our keyword-guided exploration strategy achieves a higher functionality coverage as compared with the generic and feedback-directed exploration strategies. Yet the significant improvement of functionality coverage achieved by our strategy is not exchanged at the cost of other metrics. Conclusion Our keyword-guided exploration strategy is more effective than the generic and feedback-directed exploration strategies in terms of functionality coverage. In a limited amount of time, test models generated with our strategy can be used to derive effective web application test cases.

An Overview of Various Classification Concepts of Web Page Content

International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering (A UGC Approved and indexed with DOI, ICI and Approved, DPI Digital Library) is one of the leading and growing open access, peer-reviewed, monthly, and scientific research journal for scientists, engineers, research scholars, and academicians, which gains a foothold in Asia and opens to the world, aims to publish original, theoretical and practical advances in Computer Science,Information Technology, Engineering (Software, Mechanical, Civil, Electronics & Electrical), and all interdisciplinary streams of Computing Sciences. It intends to disseminate original, scientific, theoretical or applied research in the field of Computer Sciences and allied fields. It provides a platform for publishing results and research with a strong empirical component. It aims to bridge the significant gap between research and practice by promoting the publication of original, novel, industry-relevant research.

A Descriptive Analysis of Corporate Environmental Responsibility in Major League Professional Sport

This article explores corporate environmentalism across North American major league professional sport through a webpage content analysis of disclosed business practices and programs. The results of the content analysis reify previous academic work, which suggests corporate environmental responsibility in professional sport is varied. Yet, the results also point to an increasingly standardized approach to integrated/operational business practices focusing on materials and resources, and energy and atmosphere, as well as campaign-based programs focusing on corporate social marketing. The findings identify an opportunity for professional team sport organizations to innovate new cause-related marketing and cause promotion programs, and point to a key role for senior leaders in leveraging advanced capabilities to catalyze knowledge development in other business practices and programs. Additionally, by establishing common areas of success, the findings present an opportunity for professional team sport organizations to communicate their environmental successes collectively. Subscribe to JASM

A webpage content of the department of microbiology and use for students training

The Internet is the best means of transporting information. It provides instant and full access to the world knowledge and transportation of information.
 Almost all educational institutions, research institutions have their own sites, which are constantly replenished with information. Network resources can greatly supplement the list of materials that students can use for training and self-training for practical classes. Purpose: to familiarize with the experience of informative filling of the web page of the Department of Microbiology. The purpose of the work is to familiarize with the experience of informative filling of the web page of the Department of Microbiology. Informative content of the site of the Department of Microbiology, National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya is posted in three languages: Ukrainian, English and Russian, twice a year before the beginning of each semester: the calendar plans of lectures and practical classes, time-table of practical classes and lectures, time-table of consultations and working out of missed classes are changing. The information on the website is provided during the year as necessary. All information of the department page is divided into the following sections: news of the department, information about the staff of the department and basic information to the student for the convenient use by students in training for practical classes and workouts of missed classes. The site contains information about the exams for students who complete the studies at the department. The work on improving the web site of the Department of Microbiology and the systematization of data is constantly being carried out. During the year, it is planned to create units with information about dissertations, titles of articles and abstracts of the department staff, information on participation of staff in scientific conferences and congresses. The website of the Department of Microbiology presents a sufficient amount of information for use by students in training and search for practical classes.