Web Development Process Research Articles

IMPLEMENTATION OF UMMP USING THE LOCALIZATION OF WEB OBJECTS IN USER INTERFACE DESIGN

Websites play an important role as a communication tool between people around the world. This phenomenon introduces the medium of communication, the user interface (UI), between humans and machines as a key player. The existing web development process recognizes this importance but does not follow any precise guidelines for the construction of UI as an activity within the system development life cycle. This paper describes a method for constructing UI based on users’ Mental Model patterns (uMMp) from the localization of web objects. This method can be incorporated into the development process in order to better fulfill users’ expectations. The uMMp describe interface design solutions favouring the development of a UI.

Web Application Lifecycle: Combining Important Actors and Factors in Web Development

In web application development, developers and business owners usually work together in developing of the web application based on business process from the enterprise. The web development integrate business process into web applications usually limit developers to invent growing web technology into enterprise web application. Basically web development lifecycle is based on SDLC, which integrate business process into application development process. This paper discusses the new approach to develop a web application using new web application lifecycle by combining factors (usability, accessibility, Quality of Service, etc.) and actors (users, owners, developers) in web development and separate business process development with a goal to enable developers invent latest web technology into web application.

Security and Privacy of Online Technologies

Online Technology has become a primary medium for accessing information for businesses and individuals to enhance job performance and performing, on other hand, the online technology can cause severe damages from privacy, security and reputation. Furthermore, this online technology platform is unrestricted for a specific audience; any business that has the on-line access has the right to upload/download information from the web. The online technology should be developed to match users and business's requirements, since the majority of websites are designed in a way to reduce user frustration, but some are still missing the basic aspects for developing websites efficiently. This special journal issue aims to examine the risks and opportunities of online technology for businesses, as well as to if the web development process is mandatory to Businesses locally and globally.

Psoriasis Comprehensive Care

Psoriasis is a disease that affects many facets of life. Psoriasis patients have needs that cannot be addressed within the traditional consultation structure. Although the Internet provides a number of health resources, the quality of the information is variable, and many sites are not editorially independent. After reviewing the contents available on the Internet related to psoriasis, the staff of the psoriasis unit at San Cecilio University Hospital (Granada, Spain) developed a Web site to meet the needs of psoriasis patients. A group of 241 patients who attended a follow-up visit to our psoriasis unit evaluated the Web site and provided feedback through an online survey. The result of the Web development process was the creation of "Psoriasis365" (https://sites.google.com/site/psoriasis365/). Overall, the Web site achieved high scores, the most popular section being "research." These results suggest that the Web site can complement the healthcare of psoriasis patients and is potentially useful for research purposes.

Facilitating the Development and Evaluation of a Citizen Science Web site: A Case Study of Repeat Photography and Climate Change in Southwest Alaska's National Parks

Interviews with national park visitors across the country revealed that climate change education through place-based, hands-on learning using repeat photographs and technology is appealing to park visitors. This manuscript provides a summary of the development of a repeat photography citizen science Web site for national parks in Southwest Alaska. Lessons learned from interviews on the Web development process are summarized to inform similar future projects: (a) Hold a face-to-face meeting in the same location with the whole research group, (b) Provide a central document accessible to the entire group listing tasks completed and to be accomplished, (c) Create a well-developed marketing plan to promote Web site, and (d) Incorporate evaluation components throughout the process to ensure clear communication.

Evaluating Design Patterns of Commercial Web Applications using Net Easy Score

Web interface design patterns provide solutions to recurring design problems. Many design patterns use various techniques, which have been proven to be significantly different, to solve the same design problem. Normally, web designers do not know whether users would be satisfied with their chosen choice until near or at the end of the web development process. To obtain user feedback, users are usually asked to interact with a web prototype or the finished web and give their opinion through standardized questionnaires. Net Promoter Score is one of such questionnaires. This scale categorizes users' responses into promoters and detractors, which makes it easier for companies to understand user satisfaction towards their web. To enable the designers to obtain user feedback early in the design stage, Net Easy Score, a new metric based on Net Promoter Score, was proposed. With Net Easy Score (NES), ease-of-use scores on different design patterns will be divided into a positive and a negative group. The NES is a difference between percentages of positive responses and negative ones. This study examined ease-of-use scores on design patterns for five common tasks in commercial web applications. Results showed that NES and mean ease- of-use score were significantly correlated with an r of 0.965 (p < .000). Also, ranking the average ease-of-use scores and NES revealed the same design patterns identified as the best and the worst ones, which was consistent with the easiest-to-use design patterns voted by participants.

Unified V- Model Approach of Re-Engineering to reinforce Web Application Development

The diverse and dynamic nature of elements and techniques used to develop Web Application, due to the lack of testing technique and effective programming principles which are used for implementing basic software engineering principles, and undisciplined development processes insure by the high pressure of a very short time to satisfy market request to develop Web application. This paper represent approaches of reengineering in web that how reengineering process can be carried out to evolution activities in legacy system as well we propose the V-model for re-engineering process. This paper presents the need of the technologies and approaches for building new web-services from existing web-applications. In this paper we present the processing of V-model for Reengineering in web application which is the extension of V- model used in software domain. In our approach V-model incorporates with the methodology throughout the phases of web development process to re-engineer the web system.

Empirical validation of a usability inspection method for model-driven Web development

Web applications should be usable in order to be accepted by users and to improve their success probability. Despite the fact that this requirement has promoted the emergence of several usability evaluation methods, there is a need for empirically validated methods that provide evidence about their effectiveness and that can be properly integrated into early stages of Web development processes. Model-driven Web development processes have grown in popularity over the last few years, and offer a suitable context in which to perform early usability evaluations due to their intrinsic traceability mechanisms. These issues have motivated us to propose a Web Usability Evaluation Process (WUEP) which can be integrated into model-driven Web development processes. This paper presents a family of experiments that we have carried out to empirically validate WUEP. The family of experiments was carried out by 64 participants, including PhD and Master's computer science students. The objective of the experiments was to evaluate the participants’ effectiveness, efficiency, perceived ease of use and perceived satisfaction when using WUEP in comparison to an industrial widely used inspection method: Heuristic Evaluation (HE). The statistical analysis and meta-analysis of the data obtained separately from each experiment indicated that WUEP is more effective and efficient than HE in the detection of usability problems. The evaluators were also more satisfied when applying WUEP, and found it easier to use than HE. Although further experiments must be carried out to strengthen these results, WUEP has proved to be a promising usability inspection method for Web applications which have been developed by using model-driven development processes.

Editorial: Web and requirements engineering

In the last decade, the number and complexity of Web-based software systems and the amount of information they offer have been continuously growing. In the context of Software Engineering, design methods and methodologies were introduced to provide mechanisms to develop these complex Web applications and Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) in a systematic way. Most of these methodologies focus on implementation and neglect other tasks such as requirement analysis and quality management. However, in the development of traditional (non-Web) applications both practitioners and process experts regard requirements engineering as a phase of crucial relevance in the development process. It is well-known that the most common and time-consuming errors as well as the most expensive ones to repair, are errors that arise from inadequate engineering of requirements. Therefore, although the relevance of Requirements Engineering is well known these techniques should be studied more widely in the Web Engineering community. The problems in the Web development processes are mainly caused by the size and changing nature of the stakeholders involved, the diversity of requirements, including navigation and self-adaptivity requirements, as well as the usability and the user experience challenges.

Conformance of navigational behavioural to requirements using animation

The web has become closely ingrained with our life and massive effort for web development and maintenance continues to take place in an ad hoc manner, resulting in poor quality web systems and applications. Problems such as outdated or irrelevant information, difficulties in using the website, website crashes, and security breaches are common. We encounter these kinds of problems because web developers failed to address users' needs along with the improper appliance of the web engineering process in all its phases. As a consequence, web engineering and more precisely web requirements engineering is becoming of major importance in the web development process. In this context, this work tackles the validation of the navigational requirements of a web application. A methodology named NRVA is introduced in order to validate the navigational requirements for correctness, consistency, and completeness. It is based on the generation of an XML document defining the navigational rules of the application and used as input to the animator. The supporting tool to the approach does not only validate the correctness of the generated requirements, but also it aids to the elaboration and enhancement of those requirements through visualisation.

Semantic-Driven e-Government: Application of Uschold and King Ontology Building Methodology for Semantic Ontology Models Development

Electronic government (e-government) has been one of the most active areas of ontology development during the past six years. In e-government, ontologies are being used to describe and specify e-government services (e-services) because they enable easy composition, matching, mapping and merging of various e-government services. More importantly, they also facilitate the semantic integration and interoperability of e-government services. However, it is still unclear in the current literature how an existing ontology building methodology can be applied to develop semantic ontology models in a government service domain. In this paper the Uschold and King ontology building methodology is applied to develop semantic ontology models in a government service domain. Firstly, the Uschold and King methodology is presented, discussed and applied to build a government domain ontology. Secondly, the domain ontology is evaluated for semantic consistency using its semi-formal representation in Description Logic. Thirdly, an alignment of the domain ontology with the Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE) upper level ontology is drawn to allow its wider visibility and facilitate its integration with existing metadata standard. Finally, the domain ontology is formally written in Web Ontology Language (OWL) to enable its automatic processing by computers. The study aims to provide direction for the application of existing ontology building methodologies in the Semantic Web development processes of e-government domain specific ontology models; which would enable their repeatability in other e-government projects and strengthen the adoption of semantic technologies in e-government.

Applying best practices in web site redesign: the Queens College Libraries experience

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the best practices in web site redesign the authors established for its two interconnected parts, the web development process and web design. The paper demonstrates how best practices were applied to coordinate a library web site redesign project and to engineer the web site for optimum usability, resulting in the creation of a new improved web site.Design/methodology/approachA problem‐solution approach was used to analyze how the Queens College Libraries (QCL) fell behind in web technology and how it revitalized its web operations. The paper presents a detailed exposition of a three stage project, and provides reasons for adopting best practices in redesigning each web site area.FindingsIn a resource‐challenged mid‐sized academic library, like QCL, it is still possible to create a fully functional easy‐to‐use web site.Practical implicationsThe QCL experience has lessons for other libraries in similar circumstances. A mid‐sized academic library adopting a best practices approach to web redesign can successfully coordinate an open and inclusive development process and use public web standards to engineer a functional web site responsive to user needs.Originality/valueUnlike other case studies of web redesign projects at academic libraries, this paper focus on both the web development process and web design, explicating the establishment and application of best practices for both areas.

A system for teaching web engineering concepts in a supervised way using rich internet applications

In the past, different methodologies have been proposed to systematise web development processes. Some of them are supported by Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools that help the user in all or part of the phases of application development. A number of these tools are used with the didactic aim of teaching the development process of web applications. Nevertheless, to our knowledge, the currently available CASE tools neither support the online cooperative design nor allow the modelling of a process with the supervision of a teacher. In this paper, we present a system for teaching web engineering concepts based on Rich Internet Applications (RIAs), i.e., web applications with multimedia, high levels of interactivity and collaborative work support. The proposed tool allows different modellers to design web applications in a cooperative and supervised way, as well as automatically generate its code.

Role misconceptions and negotiations in small business owner/web developer relationships

AbstractSmall business owners who turn to professional web development consultants for assistance with building a web site may need support not only in terms of the technical aspects of web site implementation, but also in terms of understanding their options for e-business. However, client/consultant relationships within the small business sector can be problematic and the limited research available into small business engagement of web developers suggests that bad experiences and disappointing outcomes are not uncommon.Interpretive case study methodology was used to explore four sets of small business owner/web developer relationships: how each pair worked together and what they expected of each other. The negotiation and clarification of roles and responsibilities proved to be an essential aspect of the relationships. Also, achieving an adequate level of client involvement in the web site design and development process was a challenge in all cases.

Integrating A Project Management Approach To E-Business Application Course

Teaching students project managements requires a hands-on approach. Incorporating project management concepts and processes into a student team Web development project adds a dimension that exposes students to the realities of effective Web development. This paper will describe the project management approach used in a Web development course in which students build complete Websites. Based upon the written evaluations included with the final project documentation, students feel this project is the most valuable learning experience of the course. Furthermore, a positive relationship is established between the actual Web development and effective project management processes. It is important for students to understand the triple constraints (scope, time, and cost) that must be balanced in business projects.

Role misconceptions and negotiations in small business owner/web developer relationships

AbstractSmall business owners who turn to professional web development consultants for assistance with building a web site may need support not only in terms of the technical aspects of web site implementation, but also in terms of understanding their options for e-business. However, client/consultant relationships within the small business sector can be problematic and the limited research available into small business engagement of web developers suggests that bad experiences and disappointing outcomes are not uncommon.Interpretive case study methodology was used to explore four sets of small business owner/web developer relationships: how each pair worked together and what they expected of each other. The negotiation and clarification of roles and responsibilities proved to be an essential aspect of the relationships. Also, achieving an adequate level of client involvement in the web site design and development process was a challenge in all cases.

Measuring the Success of the Academic Library Website Using Banner Advertisements and Web Conversion Rates

Measuring website success is critical not only to the web development process but also to demonstrate the value of library services to the institution. This article documents one library's approach to the measurement of website success. LibQUAL+(tm) results and strategic-planning documents indicated a need for a new type of measurement. The current literature on e-metrics focuses predominantly on vendor-based network statistics and reporting standards and other collaborative projects by various academic libraries around the world, such as the International Organization for Standardization, National Information Standards, Project COUNTER, and the Association of Research Libraries. There is no evidence within the body of library literature of academic libraries incorporating the use of e-metrics to measure the success of the library website in relation to library strategic planning and marketing. The purpose of this research paper is to consider how academic libraries can use web-conversion rates as a managerial tool for measuring a website's success and provides an outline for further research into a more strategic application of e-metrics as it relates to library strategic planning and marketing.

Social factor: an indispensable issue in web development process

The internet has led people to a change that must be faced by the software community. The previous working forms in software assurance were not sufficient to guarantee systems quality because it is necessary to consider the social factors of the virtual community in the development process and data system credibility.

도메인 특성에 근거한 웹 시스템 개발 프로세스 : 컨텐트 중심 도메인 및 데이터 중심 도메인

As the technical aspect of the web system development is, unlike the existing main frame or client/server environment, greatly influenced by the dynamic and variable factors and carried out in a comparatively short period, practical and efficient process to which the developer may adapt with ease is very much required for the web system development. However, while the technological substitute, language and architecture composition have been much discussed, in connection with web system development growing rapidly, standardized development process and its deliverables have been rarely discussed. This thesis analyzes problems of the existing web system development processes and as the substitutes for them, proposes web system development process based on the domain features derived from the concepts of iteration and increment. For the classification of domains, five domains in total are set by interlocking web system factors and web site types and the workflows for two domains applied to projects are incorporated focused on work content and deliverables. The proposed process applies to the development of intranet system and is compared with the existing web development processes by the measure classified into components and elements.

Rhetoric by design: Using web development projects in the technical communication classroom

Technical communication instructors increasingly see the importance of the World Wide Web as a research tool; however, many are uncertain about how to make Web development projects pedagogically valuable. I argue that such projects can play a critical role in establishing a rhetorical focus in technical communication classrooms. The Web development process helps students form a more concrete understanding of the rhetorical situation and its pertinence to technical documents. Moreover, an extended term project requiring student groups to create technical print documents in the course of developing a Web site provides a useful way to foster objectives for students' communicative efforts and, thereby, encourage rhetorical practices suited to the complex communication situations students will experience in the workplace.