Weather In Malaysia Research Articles

Understanding Climate Changes in Malaysia through Space Weather Study

Space weather has a close connection with the interaction of the Earth and the Sun. As equatorial country, the characteristic features of the climate of Malaysia are uniform temperature, very high humidity and copious rainfall. Malaysia has an average of temperature of 26.7 °C per year. Therefore, it is suitable to monitor the Sun. In the following work, we will emphasize the development of Sun monitoring in Malaysia. The number of observatories are increasing. A dedicated work to understand the Sun activity in radio region is a part of an initiative of the United Nations together with NASA in order to support developing countries participating in „Western Science‟ research. Realizing how important for us to monitor the space weather, therefore, we have been utilizing the new radio spectrometer, CALLISTO (Compound Low Cost Low Frequency Transportable Observatories) spectrometer. Malaysia is one of the earliest country from South- East Asia (ASEAN) that involve this research. One of the advantages to start the solar monitoring in Malaysia is because our strategic location as equator country that makes possible to observing a Sun for 12 hours daily throughout a year. We strongly believe that Malaysia as one of contributor of solar activity data through E-CALLISTO network. This is a very good start for developing a space weather in Malaysia. With the implementation of CALLISTO systems and development of solar monitoring network, a new wavelength regime is becoming available for solar radio astronomy. Overall, this article presents an overview of space weather in Malaysia. With the present level of the international collaboration, it is believed that the potential involvement of local and international scientist in space weather will increase.

Understanding Climate Changes in Malaysia through Space Weather Study

Space weather has a close connection with the interaction of the Earth and the Sun. As equatorial country, the characteristic features of the climate of Malaysia are uniform temperature, very high humidity and copious rainfall. Malaysia has an average of temperature of 26.7 °C per year. Therefore, it is suitable to monitor the Sun. In the following work, we will emphasize the development of Sun monitoring in Malaysia. The number of observatories are increasing. A dedicated work to understand the Sun activity in radio region is a part of an initiative of the United Nations together with NASA in order to support developing countries participating in „Western Science‟ research. Realizing how important for us to monitor the space weather, therefore, we have been utilizing the new radio spectrometer, CALLISTO (Compound Low Cost Low Frequency Transportable Observatories) spectrometer. Malaysia is one of the earliest country from South- East Asia (ASEAN) that involve this research. One of the advantages to start the solar monitoring in Malaysia is because our strategic location as equator country that makes possible to observing a Sun for 12 hours daily throughout a year. We strongly believe that Malaysia as one of contributor of solar activity data through E-CALLISTO network. This is a very good start for developing a space weather in Malaysia. With the implementation of CALLISTO systems and development of solar monitoring network, a new wavelength regime is becoming available for solar radio astronomy. Overall, this article presents an overview of space weather in Malaysia. With the present level of the international collaboration, it is believed that the potential involvement of local and international scientist in space weather will increase.

Simulation Analysis of the Four Configurations of Solar Desiccant Cooling System Using Evaporative Cooling in Tropical Weather in Malaysia

A high demand for air conditioning systems exists in hot and humid regions because of the warm climate during the year. The high energy consumption of conventional air conditioning system is the reason for our investigation of the solar desiccant cooling system as an energy-efficient cooling system. Four model configurations were considered to determine the best configuration of a solar desiccant cooling system: one-stage ventilation, one-stage recirculation, two-stage ventilation, and two-stage recirculation. These models were stimulated for 8,760 hr of operation under hot and humid weather in Malaysia. Several parameters (i.e., coefficient of performance or COP, room temperature and humidity ratio, and the solar fraction of each system) were evaluated by detecting the temperature and humidity ratio of the different points of each configuration by TRNSYS simulation. The latent and sensible loads of the test room were 0.875 kW and 2.625 kW, respectively. By investigating the simulation results of the four systems, the ventilation modes were found to be higher than the recirculation modes in the one- and two-stage solar desiccant cooling systems. The isothermal dehumidification COP of the two-stage ventilation was higher than that of the two-stage recirculation. Hence, the two-stage ventilation mode desiccant cooling system in a hot and humid area has higher efficiency than the other configurations.

Simulation and Evaluation of Small Scale Solar Power Tower Performance under Malaysia Weather Conditions

Solar energy is the most available, clean, and inexpensive source of energy among the other renewable sources of energy. Malaysia is an encouraging location for the development of solar energy systems due to abundant sunshine (10 hours daily with average solar energy received between 1400 and 1900 kWh/m2). In this paper the design of heliostat field of 3 dual-axis heliostat units located in Ipoh, Malaysia is introduced. A mathematical model was developed to estimate the sun position and calculate the cosine losses in the field. The study includes calculating the incident solar power to a fixed target on the tower by analysing the tower height and ground distance between the heliostat and the tower base. The cosine efficiency was found for each heliostat according to the sun movement. TRNSYS software was used to simulate the cosine efficiencies and field hourly incident solar power input to the fixed target. The results show the heliostat field parameters and the total incident solar input to the receiver.

Assessment of Radar Reflectivity-Rainfall Rate, Z-R Relationships for a Convective Event in Malaysia

Abstract— Various relationships between radar reflectivity Z and rainfall rate R commonly identified as Z-R relationships have been derived in order to provide better accuracy for rainfall rate estimation using weather radar. It is critical for the air traffic management at the airport to accurately detect existence of potential microburst and wind shear. There are numerous factors that can certainly affect the accuracy of Z-R relationships including poor hardware calibration. However, the inaccuracy of Z-R relationships also might be due to the differences between the precipitation at the ground level and the precipitation aloft because radar does not scan all the way down except at close range. Several Z-R relationships had also been proposed in the attempt to achieve better accuracy for rainfall estimates by radar system in the tropical region. Nonetheless, the most accurate Z-R relationship for Malaysia weather radar is yet to be investigated and to be identified within the study period. This paper presents the preliminary analyses of previously proposed Z-R relationships for Malaysia weather using new radar data and ground rainfall rate. Comparisons were made between values obtained from the previously proposed relationships for radar and the ground truth measurements. It was identified that the previously proposed relationships estimations are significantly lower than the rain gauge data.

A practical field study of various solar cells on their performance in Malaysia

A practical field study has been carried out with the intention to analyze and compare the performance of various types of commercially available solar panels under Malaysia's weather. Four different types of solar panels, such as mono-crystalline silicon, multi-crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon and copper–indium–diselenide (CIS) solar panels are used for the practical field study. A number of performance related parameters have been collected using data logger over a period of three consecutive days in the hope that this would give some initial information on the real performance of different solar panels. Results show that mono-crystalline silicon and multi-crystalline silicon solar module perform better when they are under hot sun, whereas the CIS and triple junction amorphous silicon solar panel perform better when it is cloudy and has diffused sunshine. Furthermore, the efficiency of crystalline silicon solar panel has been found to drop when the temperature rises higher. This phenomenon does not appear in the CIS and amorphous silicon solar panels, which shows that the performance of CIS and amorphous silicon solar cells are better in terms of power conversion efficiency and overall performance ratio. Better performance of thin film solar cells like amorphous silicon and CIS are observed from the initial results, which draws attention over the selection of solar panels and also may encourage the usage of these in tropical weather like Malaysia.