During the period of independence, the mining industry has been the driving force behind the development of the Artsakh economy. It has contributed significantly to the country's gross domestic product, state revenues, exports, foreign investments, foreign currency inflow, and employment. The analysis of development trends in the mining industry is crucial for assessing the economic growth. It is well-known that the multiplier effect of the mining industry globally surpasses that of agriculture, energy, financial services, trade, and public catering sectors. However, external influences such as wars and epidemics can disrupt this sector, with the negative multiplier effect spreading to other branches of the economy. This article aims to uncover the connections between the mining industry and the overall economic resilience of Artsakh. To achieve this, we studied the development trajectory of the mining sector, its interactions with other economic sectors, and its effects on macroeconomic indicators. Fundamental research on the subsurface resources of Artsakh was not carried out, resulting in a lack of accurate assessment of this component of the national wealth. Nevertheless, the mining industry provides significant impetus for the economy, becoming the main engine of economic growth. Armenia's economy would certainly benefit more if existing resources were used efficiently and if the republic advanced through the stages of processing these resources.