Weak Measurement Reversal Research Articles

Entropic uncertainty relations for Markovian and non-Markovian processes under a structured bosonic reservoir

The uncertainty relation is a fundamental limit in quantum mechanics and is of great importance to quantum information processing as it relates to quantum precision measurement. Due to interactions with the surrounding environment, a quantum system will unavoidably suffer from decoherence. Here, we investigate the dynamic behaviors of the entropic uncertainty relation of an atom-cavity interacting system under a bosonic reservoir during the crossover between Markovian and non-Markovian regimes. Specifically, we explore the dynamic behavior of the entropic uncertainty relation for a pair of incompatible observables under the reservoir-induced atomic decay effect both with and without quantum memory. We find that the uncertainty dramatically depends on both the atom-cavity and the cavity-reservoir interactions, as well as the correlation time, τ, of the structured reservoir. Furthermore, we verify that the uncertainty is anti-correlated with the purity of the state of the observed qubit-system. We also propose a remarkably simple and efficient way to reduce the uncertainty by utilizing quantum weak measurement reversal. Therefore our work offers a new insight into the uncertainty dynamics for multi-component measurements within an open system, and is thus important for quantum precision measurements.

Enhancing the fidelity of remote state preparation by partial measurements

Enhancing the fidelity of quantum state transmission in noisy environments is a significant subject in the field of quantum communication. In this paper, improving the fidelity of a deterministic remote state preparation (RSP) protocol under decoherence is investigated with the technique of weak measurement (WM) and weak measurement reversal (WMR). We first construct the quantum circuit of the deterministic remote preparation of a single-qubit state through an EPR state with the assistance of an auxiliary qubit. Then, we analytically derive the average fidelity of the deterministic RSP protocol under the influence of generalized amplitude damping noises acting on the EPR state. Our results show that when only qubit 2 undergoes the decoherence channel, the average fidelity of the RSP protocol subject to generalized amplitude damping noise is the same as that subject to amplitude damping noise. Moreover, we analyze the optimal average fidelity of the above RSP process by introducing WM and WMR. It is found that the application of WM and a subsequent reversal operation could lead to the remarkable improvement of the average fidelity for most values of the decoherence parameters.

Enhancing quantum coherence and quantum Fisher information by quantum partially collapsing measurements

We consider the enhancement effect of quantum partially collapsing measurements, i.e., weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal, on quantum coherence and quantum Fisher information, both of which are transmitted through a spin-chain channel. For the state parameter lying in the region $$(\pi /2,\ \pi )$$(?/2,?), weak measurement can enhance quantum coherence and quantum Fisher information. For the state parameter lying in the region $$(0,\ \pi /2)$$(0,?/2), quantum coherence and quantum Fisher information can be enhanced by quantum measurement reversal combined with weak measurement. We assume the probabilistic nature of the method should be responsible for the enhancement.

Freezing quantum coherence with weak measurement

We show how to optimally protect quantum states and freeze coherence under incoherent channels using a quantum weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal. In particular, we present explicit formulas for the conditions for freezing quantum coherence in a given quantum state.

The protection of qudit states by weak measurement

Liao Xiang-Ping et al.(Chin. Phys. B 23 020304, 2014) pointed out that the method of weak measurement and quantum weak measurement reversal can protect entanglement and improve the fidelity of three-qubit quantum state. We generalize the method of weak measurement to the case of qudit state in this paper. By using the operation of weak measurement and quantum weak measurement reversal, we investigate the evolution dynamics of fidelity and fidelity improvement for qudit state under amplitude damping decoherence. We compare two kinds of operations: one is to let the input qudit state cross the amplitude damping decoherence directly, and the other one is that we first make a weak measurement operation on the input qudit state, then through the amplitude damping decoherence, finally an operation of quantum weak measurement reversal is done with the output qudit state. We discuss the GHZ state, W state, CL state and some special separable states exactly and obtain the analytic expressions of fidelity and fidelity improvement for qudit state before and after the weak measurement and quantum weak measurement reversal operation. According to the analytic expressions we plot the evolution curves against its corresponding parameters. The effects of corresponding parameters are discussed and a susceptible protection region of the qudit state is also given in the context. The results show that the structure of qudit state is the determined factor to the effect of weak measurement and quantum weak measurement reversal. There are some different effects on the different structured qudit states. For entangled state, the fidelity of qudit GHZ state can be protected in a relatively big evolution region, most part of the fidelity improvement is in the upper part of the zero reference plane. While the fidelity of qudit W state can be improved effectively in the whole evolution region, which is a perfect protection. The evolution regulations of qudit CL state and Dick state are between evolution regulations of the GHZ state and W state. When we input some special separable qudit states which have similar structures to W state, their fidelity and fidelity improvement are almost the same as W state’s. It is demonstrated that the structure of qudit state is important for the weak measurement in a step. This work is meaningful for the quantum information process.

Optimal Protection of Quantum Coherence in Noisy Environment

In this paper, we analyse the quantum coherence dynamics of a single qubit locally interacting with a zero-temperature reservoir. We compare the behaviors of quantum coherence in Markovian and non-Markovian regime. We find that the system coherence is transferred to the reservoir and decreases with time. In non-Markovian regime, quantum coherence exists instantaneous disappearance at some discrete time points. Furthermore, we propose an optimal scheme to protect quantum coherence by executing prior weak measurement and post-measurement reversal. It is worth noticing that the scheme can get better quantum coherence with the larger weak measurement strength, while at the cost of reducing success probability.

Amplifying and freezing of quantum coherence using weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11204156, 61178012, 11304179, and 11247240) and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Grant No. 20133705110001).

We analyze universal conditions where the l1 norm and relative entropy of coherence are amplified and frozen under identical bit-flip channels; that is, using pre-measurements (quantum weak measurements or quantum measurement reversals) on the systems before undergoing local bit-flip channels. With the option of quantum weak measurements or quantum measurement reversals, the measurement strength and the success probability are all determined by the initial state of the quantum system.

Protecting entanglement from correlated amplitude damping channel using weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal

Based on the quantum technique of weak measurement, we propose a scheme to protect the entanglement from correlated amplitude damping decoherence. In contrast to the results of memoryless amplitude damping channel, we show that the memory effects play a significant role in the suppression of entanglement sudden death and protection of entanglement under severe decoherence. Moreover, we find that the initial entanglement could be drastically amplified by the combination of weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal even under the correlated amplitude damping channel. The underlying mechanism can be attributed to the probabilistic nature of weak measurements.

Dynamics and improvement of quantum correlations in the triple Jaynes–Cummings model

We investigate the dynamics and improvement of tripartite quantum correlations in three atoms interacting with the independent cavities, in terms of genuinely multipartite concurrence, lower bound of concurrence and tripartite geometric quantum discord. By choosing the GHZ and W states as atomic initial states, we study the relationship between the initial state and entanglement transfer, and the robustness of different correlation measures. The results show that the different initial states can control entanglement transfer between the subsystems, and the tripartite geometric quantum discord is more robust than tripartite entanglement in the evolution process. Then, we propose the optimal scheme to improve tripartite entanglement in certain conditions via the weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal. In addition, we find that our study also works for the N-qubit GHZ state by using genuinely multipartite concurrence.

Protection of quantum correlations against decoherence

The protection of different quantum correlations, such as Bell nonlocality, quantum discord, and geometric quantum discord as trace distance against noise, is explored. By weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal, we show that the mentioned quantum correlations can be effectively preserved probabilistically from the decoherence due to amplitude damping. The results will play an important role in the experiments using the quantum correlations as resource.

Quantum discord protection from amplitude damping decoherence.

Entanglement is known to be an essential resource for many quantum information processes. However, it is now known that some quantum features may be acheived with quantum discord, a generalized measure of quantum correlation. In this paper, we study how quantum discord, or more specifically, the measures of entropic discord and geometric discord are affected by the influence of amplitude damping decoherence. We also show that a protocol deploying weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal can effectively protect quantum discord from amplitude damping decoherence, enabling to distribute quantum correlation between two remote parties in a noisy environment.

Enhancing Robustness of Entanglement in Finite Temperature Environment Using Quantum Measurement Reversal

We demonstrate methods of enhancing robustness of entanglement of two-qubit systems undergoing generalized amplitude damping decoherence using weak measurement and measurement reversal. The results show that the local action of generalized amplitude damping noise can cause sudden death of entanglement, and the weak measurement and measurement reversal is useful for combating generalized amplitude damping decoherence and recovering the entanglement of two entangled qubits. In addition, the results indicate that it would be much more easily implemented by applying quantum measurement reversal on a single-qubit to enhance robustness of entanglement in finite temperature environment, than on both qubits.

Environment-assisted entanglement restoration and improvement of the fidelity for quantum teleportation

Three environment-assisted schemes are proposed to suppress the amplitude damping decoherence for entanglement distribution via weak measurement reversal. Based on the measurement of environment and appropriate weak measurement reversal operations, the initial entangled state can be recovered between two separated participants with high success probability and fidelity. In some specific cases, the restored optimal concurrence could reach up to 1 without requirement of the reversing measurement. Moreover, we concretely show that the proposed environment-assisted entanglement restoration can be applied to quantum teleportation to significantly improve the fidelity of the teleported state.

Reducing quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty by weak measurement and weak measurement reversal

We have investigated the dynamic features of the quantum-memory-assisted entropic uncertainty relation (QMA EUR) in the amplitude damping (AD) channel. The initial state of qubit system and quantum memory system shared between Alice and Bob is assumed as extended by Werner-like (EWL) state. To reduce the amount of entropic uncertainty of Pauli observables in this noisy channel, we presented a reduction scheme by means of weak measurements (WMs) and weak measurement reversals (WMRs) before and after the entangled system subjecting to the noisy channel. It is shown that the prior WM and poster WMR can effectively reduce quantity of entropic uncertainty, but the poster WM operation cannot played a positive role on reduction of quantity of entropic uncertainty. We hope that our proposal could be verified experimentally and might possibly have future applications in quantum information processing.

Inducing multipartite entanglement revival in dissipative environment by means of prior quantum uncollapsing measurements

A scheme for inducing multipartite entanglement revival in the dissipative environment is proposed, which is implemented by performing a prior quantum uncollapsing (weak measurements or measurement reversals) procedure on partial qubits of the system simultaneously. This procedure preferentially equips our initial states, and make them hold more powerful ability to actively battle against degradation of entanglement, even postpone entanglement sudden death (ESD). Notably, the effect is more pronounced for the multipartite system with less initial entanglement. In addition, we found that our scheme also works for the N-qubit GHZ-class state.

Improving tripartite entanglement in open system by weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal

Qubits A, B and C, initially prepared in a like-GHZ state, are distributed to three remote receivers through a decoherence environment. A weak measurement is firstly performed on each qubit before experiencing the decoherence channel, and then the receivers carry out a quantum measurement reversal on individual qubit after receiving them. The qubits’ entanglement is evaluated by means of negativity. The results show the pre- and post-measurements’ strength has an important influence on tripartite entanglement for the initially given state, and proper pre- and post-measurements’ strength always effectively improves tripartite entanglement, which is significant to protect entanglement from decoherence.

Enhancement of quantum correlations in qubit–qutrit system under decoherence of finite temperature

We investigate the dynamics and protection of quantum correlations of a qubit---qutrit system under local amplitude damping channels with finite temperature. The comparison between entanglement and geometric measure of quantum discord (GMQD) is analyzed. It is found that the GMQD is more robust than the entanglement against the decoherence induced by the channels. Special attention is paid to how to protect the quantum correlations from decoherence by weak measurement and measurement reversal. We find that the weak measurement is not necessary when the initial state is maximally entangled. But for other initial states, a successful protection of quantum correlations requires combined weak measurement and measurement reversal. Under certain conditions, we also notice that we can realize the protection at finite temperature for GMQD, but not for entanglement.

Dynamics and protection of tripartite quantum correlations in a thermal bath

We study the dynamics and protection of tripartite quantum correlations in terms of genuinely tripartite concurrence, lower bound of concurrence and tripartite geometric quantum discord in a three-qubit system interacting with independent thermal bath. By comparing the dynamics of entanglement with that of quantum discord for initial GHZ state and W state, we find that W state is more robust than GHZ state, and quantum discord performs better than entanglement against the decoherence induced by the thermal bath. When the bath temperature is low, for the initial GHZ state, combining weak measurement and measurement reversal is necessary for a successful protection of quantum correlations. But for the initial W state, the protection depends solely upon the measurement reversal. In addition, the protection cannot usually be realized irrespective of the initial states as the bath temperature increases.

Enhancing entanglement trapping by weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal

In this paper, we propose a scheme to enhance trapping of entanglement of two qubits in the environment of a photonic band gap material. Our entanglement trapping promotion scheme makes use of combined weak measurements and quantum measurement reversals. The optimal promotion of entanglement trapping can be acquired with a reasonable finite success probability by adjusting measurement strengths.

Optimized decoherence suppression of two qubits in independent non-Markovian environments using weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal

In this paper, the dynamics of concurrence and quantum discord (QD) for the Werner state in independent non-Markovian environment is investigated. Our result manifests that QD reveal more properties about quantum correlations than concurrence for the given system. Additionally, an optimal scheme is proposed to suppress decoherence by performing prior weak measurement and post-measurement reversal. It is worth noticing that the effect of our scheme is better for the larger measurement strengths, and the stronger decoherence suppression induces smaller selection probability.