Weak Leadership Research Articles

When is Chronotype Diversity Related to Team Creativity? Team Temporal Leadership as a Moderator

Based on team energetic asynchrony theory, we examined how chronotype diversity affects team work engagement and subsequent team creativity under weak versus strong team temporal leadership. Result...

Financing of Agricultural Cooperatives in Imo East: Challenges and Prospects, Nigeria

The study was carried out to determine the sources and extent of obtaining loans in financing agricultural cooperative enterprises in Imo East Senatorial District, Imo State of Nigeria. Primary data was obtained using a structured set of questionnaires in which 95 respondents were randomly selected. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used in which the specific objectives were ascertained. The hypothesis formulated to guide the study was tested using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of multiple regression statistics. The results revealed that: the loans obtained have helped in financing agricultural cooperative enterprises, share capital and membership registration fees are the major internal sources of financing while major external financing are bank of agriculture and government financing and their major challenges were members contributions insignificant, unfavourable economic situation and weak leadership to effectively mobilize loans. With the exception of family size which was insignificant, the regression result shows that age, educational status, farming experience and income were identified to have significant relationship with loans obtained. The main recommendations were: members should save more with their societies; leadership should show commitment and seek for further information on various financing agencies and members are encouraged to continue to use the loans approved and disbursed to them for agricultural production.

Promoting the Leadership of Grass-roots Party Organizations in the Strategy of Rural Revitalization in the Big Data Era

The report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasizes the role of grass-roots Party organizations as fortresses. In the era of big data, when implementing the strategy of rural revitalization, new requirements are put forward for grass-roots Party organizations in underdeveloped areas. Grass-roots Party organizations are also facing the dilemma of weak political leadership, inadequate capacity of Party members and cadres and dilute Party-masses Relations. In order to solve these difficulties, we need to strengthen the political function of grass-roots party organizations, strengthen the construction of Party members’ talent team, and increase the mass line education practice activities to enhance the leadership of grass-roots party organizations.

English

Inter-governmental authority on development (IGAD) as a regional bloc is operating with a lot of impediments that delayed the organization from attaining greater economic integration. The objective of this study was to show the ways in which IGAD can actualize credible economic integration in the region, though the best is yet to come. Qualitative data collection approaches (interview and literature as primary and secondary data sources respectively) were employed. Finding of this study revealed that multi-level governance (MLG) model is the suitable approach to make IGAD successful in realizing greater economic integration. Decentralization of power, effective participation, designing specific objectives, sharing the lows as well as the highs, and establishing standing technical committee were the main strategies to effectuate MLG model on IGAD integration context. The major internal IGAD integration impediments were the presence of poor governance structure and weak leadership, the existence of weak Secretariat, the absence of annual meeting and the lack of cross-border institution. Whereas, the external hindering factors were the existence of longstanding political instability, armed conflicts and emergence of terrorist groups, lack of political determination, overlapping membership, similarity of import-export goods and the absence of uniformity among member states in undertaking responsibilities. In the nutshell, IGAD regional integration process is slow in its pace and needs urgent re-revitalization with the concept of MLG model. In order to make IGAD viable regional bloc re-revitalization of the IGAD governance structure with the concept of MLG model, having ordinary summit to address strategic agenda of the organization and drawing lessons from the EU integration process as the EU decentralized power along its layers of governance structure were recommended. Key words: Horn of Africa, Inter-governmental authority on development (IGAD), multi-level governance, regional economic communities, regional economic integration.

The Brexit Negotiations: Hampered by the UK’s Weak Strategy

This paper scrutinises the UK government’s approach to the Brexit negotiations. Brexit negotiations were always going to be incredibly tough given the complexity of issues and a deeply divided country in the wake of the EU referendum but Theresa May’s government compounded these challenges with a poorly executed negotiation strategy both in Brussels and at home. The UK government embarked on negotiations with the EU without a clear set of negotiating objectives; it was unable to represent itself as a unified negotiating team; often found itself on the back foot, responding to EU proposals on both sequencing and content; and it pursued an ill-judged distributive strategy that did not reflect the nature of the underlying negotiating prob-lem or the UK’s relative power position. Across the negotiating table, the UK faced an EU negotiating team that had a clear set of negotiating objectives; maintained unity during the negotiations; and always seemed to be a step ahead, with a carefully thought-through strategy and detailed proposals. The shortcomings in the UK government’s strategy reflected weak political leadership. The Prime Minister focused on securing the short-term political survival of her government amidst turbulent and fractious domestic politics, over negoti-ations with the EU27.

Looking Inside and Outside of Mentoring: Effects on New Teachers’ Organizational Commitment

This article puts forth a multidimensional framework for empirically testing the effects of teacher mentoring, focusing on interactions between formal mentors and novice teachers and the setting in which these interactions occur. Analyzing survey and administrative data from Chicago Public Schools with a multilevel propensity-score weighting approach, our analyses identifies the combination of stronger leadership and high-quality mentoring that features at least biweekly mentor-mentee interactions, comprehensive content, and opportunities for engagement with teaching practice as the most effective for building teacher organizational commitment. The results also reveal that stronger principal leadership may protect teachers from lack of access to any mentor or to high-quality mentoring while weaker leadership may diminish the potential benefits of high-quality mentoring.

Suksesi Kepemimpinan Nasional Secara Selektif Berjenjang: Solusi Permasalahan Sistem Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia

A variety of weaknesses and problems arise in the current electoral system, including high-cost political participation as well as weak leadership regeneration system. This article presents a solution to the problem through a new mechanism of leadership succession from the lowest level (neighborhood association) to the highest level (president). A literature review method is used in this study with a focus on; 1) the selection of leader by returning the principle of deliberation and consensus as a feature of Pancasila democracy; 2) the regeneration of leaders through a tiered selective system; and 3) discussion of the process of implementing leadership succession from the lowest to the highest level. Through this new concept of leadership succession, expensive political cost becomes relatively cheap, minimizing the emergence of corrupt behavior, the elected leader has a clear track record and avoid social division and conflict.

Why did the North East Combined Authority fail to achieve a devolution deal with the UK government?

This article seeks to provide a theoretically informed account of the vexed process of forming a combined authority in the North East of England. It addresses the puzzle of why the North East, an area with a strong regional identity and major regeneration needs, has stumbled in setting up a combined authority and negotiating a devolution deal with central government. Using existing theoretical work on processes of institutional formation, it seeks to account for the concomitant influence of agential, spatial and temporal contingencies as causal factors in explaining the particular path this combined authority took. The process stuttered because of relatively weak and fragmented leadership, contested and poorly articulated constitutional and governmental rules at multiple levels, and spatial and temporal legacies that undermined attempts at city-region governance. It was not possible to mobilise the ‘memory’ of prior institutional arrangements to underpin the new project and economic geographies proved complex and overlapping. In short, the challenges encountered in the North East reflected the animated, nested and embedded character of institutional formation processes.

Factors causing mismanagement in public/private contracts: An Indonesian perspective

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of client, consultant and contractor related factors on mismanagement in public and private contracts in the region of Indonesia. A structural questionnaire is developed for the selected items after detailed investigation of present literature. A final sample of 137 respondents associated with various contracts in the region of Indonesia is collected with demographic details and regression analysis. It is observed that factors like lack of strategy, failure to compile the documentary requirements, poor planning, delay in decision making, financial issues, late payments, difficulty in getting work permits and lack of management expertise are core issues, creating mismanagement in public and private contracts. In consultant related factors, role of inexperienced consultant, poor planning, late of instructions from architects, poor contract management, and poor-quality assurance are the key determinants of mismanagement in contracts. While contractor related factors like poor planning and scheduling, late or improper submission of contract, inadequate site supervision and inspection, poor construction methods, weak leadership, and lack of communication between the parties are the key indicators of mismanagement in contracts. As per significance, this study is found to be a reasonable addition in the present literature from the context of contract management. Originality of the study covers the significant findings for the policy makers in the field of public and private contracts. Study can be reworked in future through better sampling, and addition of more factors related to materials, equipment and labor causing for the poor delivery of the contracts.

The Brexit Conundrum Worsens the UK's Relationship with the European Union

This paper examines the shortcomings in the UK government's Brexit negotiation strategy which reflected Prime Minister Theresa May's weak political leadership. The Prime Minister focused on securing the short-term political survival of her government amidst turbulent and fractious domestic politics, over negotiations with the EU27. Brexit negotiations were poorly planned and the government was woefully unprepared. Brexit also threatens a serious re-opening of old wounds in Northern Ireland, as debate grows around the prospect of a united Ireland inside the EU. UK politics is in turmoil and in a chronic crisis. What route the Brexit saga takes next is uncertain. But the crossroads is approaching -- either the UK leaves on 31 October 2019 with no deal or it finds a route towards an accommodation with the EU. The phenomenon of British exceptionalism towards the EU is set to take a new dramatic turn, while the UK's chaotic political divisions will not disappear any time soon.

Training of Human Resources for Health in the Republic of Guinea-Bissau: Evolution of Structures and Processes in a Fragile State

In the context of fragility that characterizes the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, there is an absence of effective management of human resources for Health, which begs reflection regarding training that is provided. The purpose of this study was to analyse the training of human resources for Health in the Republic of Guinea-Bissau since 1974, placing it in the national context and relating the analysis to the situation described for Fragile States. Using the content analysis of the results of semi-structured interviews, focus group and documentary analysis, we analysed the training offer on human resources for Health in two pillars - at the level of the structures / training institutions; and at the level of processes. The consideration of the context in which it takes place allowed for an integrated analysis in the reality experienced by Fragile States. We synthesize the historical steps of the establishment of human resources for Health, describing the structures and their procedures, concretely of the public entities like the National School of Health and the Faculty of Medicine, as well as of the private entities that proliferate in the country. The country reflects the problems that have been identified for the African Region, and for Fragile States in particular, namely: weak health leadership / governance; limitation in the implementation of the planned training strategies; inadequate human resources training capacity; total / partial dependence on training funding, proliferation of private, unofficially recognized training providers. The models that emerge as a response to the fragility in this area partially allow to respond to the training needs of the country but neglect the quality and perpetuate dependencies, aggravating the weaknesses of the State and of the public sector.

Leadership Ethics of Social Market Economy A Model to Identify and Cultivate Capability Freedom

A compendium to identify leadership ethics of social market economy will be introduced as a model. Theoretical concepts have to answer the question how to deal with the dualism of responsibility concerning efficiency and human targets in the management culture. They can be identified in four steps by means of principles and perspectives as a strong or weak leadership ethic of social market economy. Consequently, there is a recommendation with regard to its use.

Textual Analysis: Flex-Working Programs

This study sought to explore how newspaper make sense of the flex-working programs in the Korean government, as well as what the focus of the newspaper articles about the flex-working programs are in terms of its content, terms frequently used, pictures, and headlines. To address, this research conducted a textual analysis based on newspaper articles which cover the flex-working programs derived from two English-language newspapers: The Korea Herald and The Korea Times. As a result, this research confirmed that these two newspapers similarly and mainly focus on problems regarding the current employment environment and work-family balance in Korea, as well as abstract necessities and expected positive outcomes of the flex-working programs. However, coverage in these newspapers did not focus strongly on the provision of detailed guidelines and significant information pertaining directly to use of the flex-working programs. Finally, this study confirmed that the implementation process for flex-working programs may well suffer from weak leadership and political support among public and private employers in the Korean workforce due to the absence of coverage of those critical issues. The other findings and limitations of this study were also specifically discussed.

An investigation into compassion fatigue and self-compassion in acute medical care hospital nurses: a mixed methods study

BackgroundIn the acute medical care hospital setting, nursing the sick and dying is both physically and emotionally demanding, making acute medical care hospital nurses more vulnerable to Compassion Fatigue (CF) or Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS). If not addressed in its earliest stages, CF can adversely change the caregiver’s ability to provide compassionate care. It has been shown that Self-Compassion (SC) can be beneficial for the caregiver, with corresponding benefits for the individual needing care. However, the relationship of this attribute to CF in the acute medical care hospital nursing setting has not been intensively studied. This study explores the environmental and psychosocial factors affecting the prevalence and levels of CF in acute medical care hospital nursing staff and whether SC can be used as a coping strategy that enables nurses to mitigate the prevalence and levels of CF.MethodsUsing a mixed-methods study design, acute medical care hospital nurses were surveyed using a demographic/work-related questionnaire, the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (used to measure CF), the Self-Compassion Scale, questions requiring a narrative written response and semi-structured informal interviews. One-way ANOVA was conducted to explore the impact of work-related and demographic characteristics on levels of SC and CF. Pearson correlation co-efficient (r value) was used to explore the relationship between CF and SC and lastly, multiple regression was used to discover whether a predictive relationship existed between SC and CF. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsThe results of this study have exposed the prevalence of CF in acute medical care nurses and it’s damaging effects. And has also confirmed that SC can have a moderating effect on CF and an ability to be predictive of CF. Factors that influence the distress and vulnerability to CF were also identified, as well as the personal approaches used, whether successful or not, to enhance levels of SC and the ‘barrier’s to achieving it.ConclusionThis unique study could lead to care environments encouraging the self-compassion and well-being of their acute medical care nursing staff and become places where threat cultures, weak leadership, an emphasis on task rather than process and a feeling of being undervalued, do not monopolise.

Underfunded and fragmented - a storm is brewing for sexual and reproductive health services.

The Guttmacher–Lancet Commission’s report on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights for All coincides with raised awareness of this topic as a result of global movements such as #metoo. However, weak political leadership, increasing fragmentation of services, and sustained underfunding pose a threat to sexual and reproductive health globally.

Badly Equipped, Under-financed, Technologically Backward but Splendidly Uniformed: A Brief View into Austria- Hungary’s Efforts in the Eastern Front and the Battle of Galicia

The purpose of this study was to research the role that Austria-Hungary played in the Eastern Front of the First World War. Specifically, there is research into their clumsy actions in the tragic battle of Galicia. The research was conducted through the works of several historians that focus on Austria-Hungary and Russia in the First World War. Overall, the weak leadership, trans cultural makeup of the army, and the sheer numbers of the imperial Russian Army resulted in a complete rout in both the Battle of Galicia and the Brusilov Offensive. If it had not been for the sheer power and efficiency of Germany, the Austro-Hungary Empire would have capitulated to Russia in the first year of the war.

KINERJA UNIT DALAM MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN FAKULTAS ILMU ADMINISTRASI UNIVERSITAS LANCANG KUNING

Performance Faculty of Administrative Sciences can be seen from the performance of employees. This study focuses on the performance of existing units in the Faculty of Administration in carrying out its main duties and functions in order to support the strengthening of Faculty's performance. But in reality the performance of existing units in the faculty of administration of the University of Lancang Kuning showed less satisfactory work. Indicators that are visible include unstructured unit work programs, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, limited budget support and weak leadership which are a constraint in motivating employees to do their job well. The objective of the study was to explain the performance of faculty units and their inhibiting factors. The research method uses qualitative with emphasis on the concept of performance measurement. The techniques used in data collection are observation, interview and documentation study. The results showed that the performance of the faculty unit has not run well, this is obtained from the measurement of performance indicators that include job performance, expertise, behavior and leadership. As for the inhibiting factors of faculty unit performance is the limited support of facilities, infrastructure and funding. Besides, the reward and punishment system has not been done to the employee job resulting in the employee's motivation in working to be reduced, besides it is necessary to be given guidance and training for the work unit to understand the duty and function properly.

Perceptions of transformational leadership (TFL) style: A study on Malaysian cooperative board of directors

This paper is a pilot study that examines the perceptions of transformational leadership among cooperative movements’ boards. Past studies have shown that transformational leadership is a strong predictor of firm performance (effectiveness). This study aims to examine on the perceptions of transformational leadership style among Malaysian cooperatives board of directors. Among the major problems faced by Malaysian cooperatives are the lack of board of directors’ commitments, directors failed to perform their duties effectively and weak leadership from Board of Directors which affected the board effectiveness and performance.

Diverging workplace innovation trajectories in the European public sector (a preliminary cross-country comparison)

Objectives: The core aim of this paper is to improve our knowledge base on the innovation process comparing how public and private organisations can develop abilities to innovate in order to cope with the challenges created by the changing priorities of the political market, the intensification of global competition and the higher speed of the technological changes. The authors intend to identify and compare the creative/learning capabilities of the workplaces in the EU-27 countries. Research Design & Methods: In testing empirically the various types of jobs our analysis uses the data sets of the fourth (2005), fifth (2010) and sixth (2015) waves of the European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS). The EWCS is a crosssectional survey taken in every five years since 1990, organised by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Eurofound, Dublin). The recent editions of this survey cover more than 40,000 workers in the EU member states and in various other European countries (Eurofound, 2017). We used a cluster analysis in order to identify three clusters of jobs in Europe and their prevalence in different countries and country groups. Findings: The data from the European Working Condition Surveys (2005, 2010 and 2015) shows that in the public administration boosts creative workplaces in all countries. The ability of organisations to mobilise their internal resources into efficient and dynamic routines depends on intangible resources (e.g. creativity) and less on such traditional tangible factors such as physical or financial sources. Powering public sector innovation is inhibited by the following major factors: unfavourable institutional settings; weak innovation leadership; lack of systematic knowledge of the innovation process; and a shortage of the systematic data collection at both the EU and Member State levels. Implications & Recommendations: The increasing rate of creative jobs may speed up the implementation of the “High-Engagement Civil Services” to improve both efficiency and quality of work in the public sector. A more profound and evidence-based understanding of the innovation processes at the workplace level would allow us to exploit the full potential thereof in terms of positive impacts on both employment and job quality. Contribution & Value Added: Despite the fact that innovation studies have been at the heart of socio-economic research for decades now, relatively little attention has been paid on innovation in the public sector. This research topic has gained more importance only in the 2010s and thus there is often a lack of empirical evidence for this sector, which plays a crucial role in all developed economies as a major employer as well as the main actor shaping the regulatory environment. This article is among the first attempts aimed at giving insights into the job characteristics of publicsector organisations.

How to Tell Nativists from Populists

Ben Margulies' critique centers on question of whether antidemocrats and nativists constitute political phenomena that can be meaningfully distinguished from populism, with latter understood as equivalent to democratic illiberalism. In fact, we can demarcate a class of clearly antidemocratic parties using authoritative sources—namely, courts of law in various countries that have decided cases against certain parties on basis of actual political deeds. The distinction between populists and nativists is somewhat more complicated, and hinges on two groups' contrasting relations with liberalism. Unlike Margulies, I define this concept in terms of acceptance of and approaches toward cross-cutting cleavages of modern society, as well as a commitment to rule of law and minority rights. Empirically, we can identify nativist parties by focusing on ten specific conditions, including a negative stance on immigration, right-wing policy positions, a programmatic orientation, weak or collective leadership, and a rejection of division made by populists between the people and an elite.