Weak Identification Research Articles

EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF CAMEL RATIOS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF SELECTED INDIAN BANKS

The downfall of banks and financial institutions and the freezing of capital markets during the global financial crisis of 2007–2009 had a significant influence on the actual economy across the world. This crisis has made it apparent how crucial stability risk is and has emphasized the significance of performance evaluation. For the policy formulation and framing of strategies, it is essential to identify the sound and weaker aspects of the banks. Various ratios based models have been developed for the analyses of the banking sector, which helps in identification of strength and weakness of the banks. This study makes use of the CAMEL Model to analyze the different aspects of performance and soundness as well as the impact of the CAMEL ratios contributing to the efficiency of the selected public and private sector banks for the period of 17 years from 2005-2006 to 2021-2022. Based on the composite rating of the CAMEL Models, It has been found that HDFC bank Ltd. shows excellent performance. The study concluded that In order to be more efficient, selected public sector banks should concentrate on the value of NPAs and Liquidity and at the same time, these banks should pay attention to the Earnings Quality but not by compromising the efficiency of earnings while the selected Private sector banks should take proper steps to improve the operating profit, net profit, total interest income and net interest margin for becoming more efficient.

Construction And Application Of Evaluation Index System For Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Resilience: A Delphi Study

The present study outlines a methodical methodology for developing an assessment index framework aimed at enhancing the resilience of the pharmaceutical supply chain. A preliminary version of the evaluation index system was established through a comprehensive review of literature and panel discussions. Two rounds of expert consultation were conducted using the Delphi method to finalize the indicators and their corresponding weights. The assessment criteria for pharmaceutical supply chain resilience comprises of ten primary indicators and sixty-two secondary indicators. These indicators encompass various facets such as the ability to design the supply chain, reserve resources, integrate processes, collaborate effectively, adopt eco-friendly practices, visualize data, and foster a culture of learning. The outcomes of the consultation conducted with experts reveal that the evaluation index system is reliable, as it demonstrates a significant level of attention, coordination, and authority among the experts. The determination of the weight of each indicator in the system was based on the relative significance of various factors in augmenting the resilience of the pharmaceutical supply chain. The development of an evaluation index system offers a systematic approach to evaluate and enhance the resilience of pharmaceutical supply chains, thereby providing a valuable scientific instrument. The results of this study hold potential value for various entities within the pharmaceutical industry, such as pharmaceutical companies, policymakers, and other stakeholders. Specifically, these findings may aid in the identification and resolution of potential weaknesses within the supply chain, the enhancement of management practices, and the fortification against external disruptions. Prospective investigations may center on the implementation of the assessment index system in practical scenarios, scrutinizing its soundness and dependability, and investigating methods to consistently enhance the robustness of pharmaceutical supply chains.

“The European family? Wouldn’t that be the white people?”: Brexit and British ethnic minority attitudes towards Europe

ABSTRACT Though ethnic minorities were significantly more likely to vote to Remain in the European Union in the 2016 Referendum than the white British, there has been scant analysis of ethnic minority attitudes towards the EU. Using focus group and interview data, this article analyses support for EU membership and Euroscepticism among British ethnic minorities. As the Leave campaigns drew criticism for anti-immigration messages, the article demonstrates how ethnic minority Remain support was more a vote against Brexit. Whilst Remain was framed as the progressive, even anti-racist alternative to Leave, ethnic minority Brexiteers criticized the EU’s border politics of free movement for (white) Europeans while borders around Europe are fortified and policed. The article finds weak identification with Europe among ethnic minority Remain and Leave voters, with perceptions of “European” as a white identity, other European countries as more racist and Islamophobic than Britain, and Europe itself a white racial formation.

Impact of Specialty on Cases Performed During Spine Surgery Training in the United States

Two general pathways exist for spine surgery training in the United States: orthopedic surgery and neurological surgery. Previous studies have not quantified the impact of fellowship training when comparing case volumes between these 2 training pathways. This study compares reported spine surgery case volume upon graduation from orthopedic surgery and neurological surgery training. This was a retrospective cohort study of recent graduates from orthopedic surgery and neurological Surgery training programs in the United States (2018-2021). The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education provided case logs for residents in neurological surgery and orthopedic surgery as well as fellows in orthopedic spine surgery. Case volumes were compared for adult and pediatric spine surgery cases using parametric tests. Case logs from 3146 orthopedic surgery residents, 107 orthopedic spine surgery fellows, and 766 neurological surgery residents were included in this study. Across each cohort, neurological surgery trainees reported more total adult spine surgery cases than orthopedic surgery trainees (514±206 vs. 383±171, P < 0.001). Orthopedic surgery trainees reported more total pediatric spine surgery cases (21±14 vs. 17±12, P= 0.006). Neurological surgery training affords a greater volume of adult spine surgery cases, but orthopedic surgery affords more pediatric spine surgery cases. Identification of relative strengths and weaknesses can help facilitate multidisciplinary training experiences in spine surgery.

MODERN APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF THE COMPANY'S HR STRATEGY

MODERN APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF THE COMPANY'S HR STRATEGY

International benchmarking of railroad safety data systems and performance – a cross-continental case study

Rail safety is a universal goal that every railroad system pursues. Comparing rail safety performance allows the identification of relative system strengths and weaknesses and potential adaptation of risk mitigation strategies from one railroad system to another. Achieving this requires comparable data from the railroad systems to be analyzed that are available and with high resolution so that fair comparisons can be established. This paper presented an international benchmarking framework for railroad safety-related data system and safety performance. A novel and standardized methodology was developed to collect railroad safety-related data sources among different countries and compare their data completeness and resolution. Six countries with high data availability and transparency were selected to demonstrate the benchmarking framework. High-level rail safety performance measures were derived and compared among these countries. The results showed that there are inconsistencies in the resolution of different types of rail safety data among the six countries. The countries that had the lowest and highest overall accident rate, grade crossing incident rate, and other safety performance metrices were identified. This research provided valuable insights into how railroad operators can improve their railroad safety-related data system and safety performance by benchmarking with other railroad operators to make the most efficient use of risk mitigation resources. The study also highlighted the importance of providing publicly available railroad safety-related data for the mutual benefits of overall safety of railroad systems around the world.

A framework of interpretable match results prediction in football with FIFA ratings and team formation.

While forecasting football match results has long been a popular topic, a practical model for football participants, such as coaches and players, has not been considered in great detail. In this study, we propose a generalized and interpretable machine learning model framework that only requires coaches' decisions and player quality features for forecasting. By further allowing the model to embed historical match statistics, features that consist of significant information, during the training process the model was practical and achieved both high performance and interpretability. Using five years of data (over 1,700 matches) from the English Premier League, our results show that our model was able to achieve high performance with an F1-score of 0.47, compared to the baseline betting odds prediction, which had an F1-score of 0.39. Moreover, our framework allows football teams to adapt for tactical decision-making, strength and weakness identification, formation and player selection, and transfer target validation. The framework in this study would have proven the feasibility of building a practical match result forecast framework and may serve to inspire future studies.

Analysis of Competitive Strategies in Micro Credit Marketing at BANK BTPN Tangerang Region

The aim of this research is to identify the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities for marketing micro credit at Bank BTPN. Identifying the applied micro credit marketing strategy. Identifying strategies to win the microcredit competition. The research method used is the mix method combining qualitative and quantitative. The population is Regional Business Sales Support Manager, Regional Credit Manager, Business Area Leader, Branch Manager, all of whom are in the Tangerang region. The conclusion in the analysis of the micro credit strategy set at Bank BTPN Tangerang Region is that the micro credit marketing development strategy is carried out by analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, using a SWOT analysis. Identification of threats, strengths, weaknesses and opportunities regarding microcredit marketing at Bank BTPN Tangerang Region. Being able to develop the business according to the SWOT analysis, Bank BTPN as a people's business partner, has four strategies that are weighted according to the highest score. SO (strength-opportunity) strategy (1). Expanding the regional market network by utilizing branch networks in the regions (2). Developing products and services based on digital technology, for new customers and prospective customers, Btpn launched the Genius digital application and btpn WOW

Attitudes and Perceptions of School Principals about the Contribution of Evaluation to the Efficient Operation of Schools Both at the Administrative and Educational Levels

Evaluating teachers and educational work is now mandatory in the Greek educational system. The current study aims at investigating the attitudes and perceptions of principals of Piraeus Secondary Education units regarding the contributions of this evaluation law to the orderly functioning of schools in terms of administrative and educational aspects. For this qualitative research, a semi-structured interview was chosen as the results collection method. The interview questions included respondents’ demographic information and interview questions corresponding to three thematic axes according to the research questions. The convenience sample consisted of twelve (12) principals of secondary school units from the greater Piraeus area. All interviewed principals recognized the need for the evaluation process in education and agreed on the importance of their roles and responsibilities for the effectiveness of the proper functioning of their units. Nine respondents underlined the need for training teachers on new technologies, six considered internal evaluation reports as a means of weaknesses identification and improvement and five believed the evaluation imposed by the Ministry of Education creates negative feelings. As concluded, evaluation is of great educational importance, as it contributes to teachers’ professional development and schools’ educational quality improvement. However, when implemented suddenly or imposed by the state, it causes pressure, stress, fear, nervousness, and insecurity.

Formation of Communication of Educational Institutions Using Social Networks

Objective: The article is devoted to studying the theory and development of social networks' practical aspects in the educational institutions' communication system. The relevance of the research is formed by the growing interest in social networks among young people and the problem of ineffective, outdated teaching technologies that have little involvement among students. The study aims to develop recommendations for social network use in a comprehensive educational institution's communication system. Methods: To solve the question, SWOT analysis, grouping, data analysis, synthesis, and generally scientific methods of induction and deduction are used. Results: The study's results are 1) identification of the student's predisposition to gain knowledge in social networks; 2) identification of effective ways of presentation and educational information; 3) identification of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of social networks in the educational process; 4) assessment of the technological possibility of implementing social networks in the educational process; 5) assessment of the possibility of applying different information types for effective communication; 6) a list of recommendations for the implementation of social networks in the overall educational communications system. Conclusions: The novelty of the study is formed by a set of relevant recommendations. The practical significance lies in the implementation of the recommendations in the different countries educational systems.

Application of Machine Learning Methods for Data Analytics in Social Sciences

This article addresses the challenges in the application of artificial intelligence methods such as machine learning, computational intelligence and/or soft computing methods in social sciences. The literature review is performed in order to give a review of different approaches and methods that have been applied so far. The most used method in social sciences and management is the SWOT method, for the identification of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats when making strategic decisions. Two fundamental characteristics of previous approaches are the development of numerical models of utility functions and the possibility of upgrading these models by formalizing the intuition of strategic decision-makers. There are several shortcomings of the existing approaches. The application of computational intelligence and machine learning methods in social sciences is identified as one of the most challenging and promising areas, which could overcome identified shortcomings. The principles of one popular machine learning method, the decision tree, are explained and a demonstration is performed on the case study of churn prediction. Benchmarking data set from the publicly available repository is used to demonstrate the suggested approach Evaluation results measured through model accuracy and reliability gave promising results for further analysis. A developed predictive model could serve as a standalone tool or as support for decision-making in social sciences.

Handgrip Measurement Method Affects Asymmetry but Not Weakness Identification in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 recommends different measurement protocols for handgrip strength (HGS). We aimed to explore (1) whether these protocols induce a significant difference in HGS; (2) whether these differences be clinically meaningful; and (3) whether these protocols affect the identification of HGS weakness or asymmetry. Cross-sectional study. A total of 356 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 67.9years; 146 women). Maximal HGS was measured according to protocols from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Method A, standing with full elbow extended) and the American Society of Hand Therapists (Method B, sitting with elbow flexed at 90°). HGS was analyzed using the maximal value of 2 or 3 repetitions of the dominant hand or 4 or 6 repetitions of both hands. The difference in maximal HGS between Method A and Method B might have clinical meaning in approximately half of the participants. When measured using Method A, respective proportions of individuals with differences in HGS between the 6 repetitions group and the other repetition groups beyond the noninferiority threshold were 42%, 20%, and 25% in men and 39%, 21%, and 17% in women. Using Method B, the corresponding percentages were 25%, 18%, and 6% in men, and 27%, 20%, and 5% in women, respectively. Different protocols did not significantly affect the identification of HGS weakness, as different protocols reached diagnostic accuracies of 0.910 to 0.967 in men and 0.911 to 0.986 in women when using Method A (6 repetitions) as the reference standard. However, different protocols significantly affected the identification of HGS asymmetry, as different protocols had diagnostic accuracies of 0.667 to 0.886 in men and 0.658 to 0.863 in women. The different protocols recommended by the AWGS 2019 update significantly affect maximal HGS values and the identification of HGS asymmetry but not HGS weakness.

Strategies of Regional Levies of the Agriculture and Plantation Office of Central Java Province

The management of regional levies at the Regional Apparatus Organizations needs to be done optimally, including in this case the management of regional levies at the Agriculture and Plantation Office of Central Java Province. In this regard, it is necessary to prepare a Local Own-Source Revenue strategies from the regional levies sector. The preparation of the strategies based on the results of the identification of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in terms of collecting regional levies. This study used primary data and secondary data. Primary data include the interviews results with key informants regarding the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in terms of collecting regional levies while secondary data include data on regional levies and references related to the Agriculture and Plantation Office of Central Java Province. This study used SWOT analysis. From this study, it can be identified the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in terms of collecting regional levies and the strategies for the regional levies at the Agriculture and Plantation Office of Central Java Province Keywords: Strategies, Local Own-Source Revenue, Regional Levies.

Registo de aprendizagem: análise SWOT de uma experiência de morte de uma adolescente em contexto de ensino clínico

The creation of learning reports allows the integration of contents taught during the course and its relationship with practical contents. An adolescent death experience is presented in the context of clinical teaching using the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) tool to reflect on the clinical situation, and to seek the development of skills and learning. The case segmented description aligned with the literature review allowed the identification of strengths (acquisition of emotional and communication skills and the establishment of a therapeutic relationship with the family), weaknesses (insecurity in care provision and direct confrontation with an adolescent death), opportunities (learning with the tutor nurse, namely in how to intervene, in communicating with parents, in anticipating care and in developing and managing emotional skills) and threats (complexity of the situation and tension experienced). The most relevant aspects are addressed and compared to the literature on this topic, which is a fundamental step for the evolution of the student and future professional.

Scoping review: understanding the barriers and drivers of risk management in local governments

PurposeThis paper aims to provide scholars with a deep understanding of the field through the identification of strengths and weaknesses in the literature and support decision-makers in the development of new practices in local risk management based on scientific data. The specific question in this review asks: what are the drivers and barriers to local risk management?Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides an overview of the scientific literature produce over the past 20 years of the divers and barriers to local risk management. This paper presents a scoping review of peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2019 inclusively in the fields of public policy and public administration.FindingsThis paper makes three main observations regarding the state of the literature. First, this paper finds that scholars mainly focus on single risk and certain regions of the world. Second, there is multiple approached used by the literature to study risk management at the local level. Third, little attention is given to the political context in which local risk management takes place.Originality/valueThis paper is a complete literature review of more than 500 peer-reviewed articles published in academic journals regarding risk prevention policies over the past two decades. This paper analyzed the main findings of the current literature to provide a general view of the scholarship and improve the collective understanding of risk management at the local level by providing future research avenues.

Refining set-identification in VARs through independence

Identification in VARs has traditionally mainly relied on second moments. Some researchers have considered using higher moments as well, but there are concerns about the strength of the identification obtained in this way. In this paper, we propose refining existing identification schemes by augmenting sign restrictions with a requirement that rules out shocks whose higher moments significantly depart from independence. This approach does not assume that higher moments help with identification; it is robust to weak identification. In simulations we show that it controls coverage well, in contrast to approaches that assume that the higher moments deliver point-identification. However, it requires large sample sizes and/or considerable non-normality to reduce the width of confidence intervals by much. We consider some empirical applications. We find that it can reject many possible rotations. The resulting confidence sets for impulse responses may be non-convex, corresponding to disjoint parts of the space of rotation matrices. We show that in this case, augmenting sign and magnitude restrictions with an independence requirement can yield bigger gains.

Strengths and weaknesses for the young farmers to abide in the Greek countryside: a triangulation approach

PurposeThis study seeks to identify and highlight the factors that hinder or favor young farmers in the quest to abide in the agricultural profession and to draw policy directions and axes of action to address the problem.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a triangulation research approach with quantitative and qualitative methodologies. In total, 222 structured questionnaires and 9 personal interviews constituted the survey's data collection tools.FindingsThe results revealed a distinctive distribution of competencies. On the one hand, personal and entrepreneurial competencies make up the “strengths” of young farmers, and on the other hand, the lack of cooperative organizations and the lack of entrepreneurial education and training combined with a series of situational factors complete the puzzle of “weaknesses” the farmers face in the local daily becoming.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this study have academic and policy implications. Theoretically, this study contributes to the emerging literature that emphasizes the importance of farmers' competencies, collaboration, information and training in understanding the complex and different conditions that young farmers are called upon to manage.Originality/valueThe novelty of this study lies in the identification of both strengths and weaknesses that affect the abiding of young farmers in the agricultural profession.

Poland's innovation performance: drivers, challenges, and policy implications

The objective of the paper is to assess the state and changes of innovativeness of Poland in 2011–2022. According to the study, innovation in Poland still remained low, although it was slightly improving. The results of this study can be used as an instrument in setting the direction of the country's innovation policy to support the increase of its innovativeness. Knowing the innovation strengths of the Polish economy, such as trademark protection and human capital, allows for their further strengthening. In turn, the identification of weaknesses and barriers to innovation growth (including significant underinvestment in research and innovation activities, little cooperation between R&D and business, and an unfavourable climate for innovation) allows them to be reduced and transformed from barriers into growth drivers, resulting in a significant improvement in Poland's innovativeness, the consequence of which will be closing the gap dividing it from the EU average.

Ensuring food security of the Republic of Uzbekistan in modern conditions

The article presents the theoretical aspects of the concept of food security, and, in particular, its elemental composition. The current state of the agricultural sector as the basis of the food independence of any state is analyzed. An assessment was made of trends in food security of the Republic of Uzbekistan based on the criteria of physical and economic accessibility, as well as factors that have an indirect impact on the level of food security in the country. The results of the ranking of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the global food security index are analyzed. Based on the analysis of the regulatory framework and documents of the strategic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, assessment of its food independence, identification of strengths and weaknesses of the country’s existing food security system, a methodological architecture of food security of the Republic of Uzbekistan was proposed, reflecting the development priorities of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of food security as one of key components of economic and national security.

Методичне забезпечення діагностики стратегічних можливостей підприємств

The article discusses the main methods and approaches to diagnosing the strategic capabilities of enterprises. On the basis of the carried out study, it is found that today three approaches to performing diagnostics of enterprises have become the most widely used. The choice of one or another of these approach depends on many factors (the purpose of diagnostics, information and analytical provision of the activities of enterprises, industry affiliation, etc.). The paper summarizes the characteristics of diagnostics as a process consisting of purpose, subject, object, tasks and methods. It is substantiated that the process of diagnostics should include the state of an economic entity for a certain period of time, as well as forecasting conditions that can affect both positively and negatively its development in the future. The main directions of diagnostics of strategic capabilities of enterprises are allocated. It is determined that there are various methods for diagnosing the state of development of enterprises, the basic ones would be statistical, economic-mathematical, and special methods. On the basis of the generalization of research on the available diagnostics of enterprise development, an algorithm has been formed, which would be expedient when carrying out diagnostics. The presented algorithm consists of three stages, each of them comprising tasks, the solution of which would foster the achievement of the maximum result of a particular research. It is proved that in order to obtain reliable and high-quality diagnostic results, it is important to form an array of data that would meet the requirements for information, have an appropriate time range, completeness of information on the issues of the phenomenon under study. It is substantiated that the correctness of the obtained results of diagnostics and the concluding diagnosis determines an effective establishment of the existing crisis phenomena, identifying the causes of their occurrence, and ways of eliminating them in the future. It is found that the strategic opportunities for the development of enterprise should be brought through the prism of implementation of individual strategies according to the certain directions, with the determination of the effectiveness of implementation of each of the strategies, which will allow to assess the most attractive vectors of development for the enterprise and to strengthen the weaker sides. Such a comprehensive assessment contributes to the establishment of the correct diagnosis, identification of strengths and weaknesses, interaction of influencing factors, which allows managers to develop effective managerial decisions on the strategic development of enterprises in the future.