WC Group Research Articles

Increased waist circumference is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in schoolchildren

BackgroundWaist circumference (WC) is an indicator of adiposity; particularly visceral fat, cardiometabolic risk factors and related morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the attribution of WC to increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and circulating levels of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in schoolchildren. MethodsA total of 122 children (61 boys and 61 girls) aged 10–15 years were distributed into three groups: (i) the lower smoothed sex- and age-specific WC (LWC) group (ii) the middle smoothed sex- and age-specific WC (MWC) group, and (iii) the higher smoothed sex- and age-specific WC (HWC) group. Measurements of cIMT using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound, lipemic profile, blood pressure, serum proinflammatory cytokines and soluble adhesion molecules were performed. ResultsMean measured values in the HWC and/or MWC groups showed significantly higher values (p ≤ 0.05) of cIMT (mm), total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), blood pressure, interlukien-6 (IL-6), and interlukien-1 beta (IL-1β), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) and E-selectin, and significantly lower values of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as compared to the LWC group. Using multiple linear regression analysis of WC-SDS adjusted for BMI-SDS with the studied subclinical atherosclerosis risk, WC-SDS was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with the variation in HDL (R2 = −0.12), LDL (R2 = 0.36), IL-6 (R2 = 0.26), and VCAM-1 (R2 = 0.26). ConclusionsHigher WC is positively associated with atherosclerosis risk factors including increased cIMT, a state of dyslipidemia, higher blood pressure and circulating levels of inflammation and adhesion molecules among schoolchildren. Waist circumference seems to be useful for the prediction of subclinical atherosclerosis in schoolchildren.

Impact of weight cycling on CTRP3 expression, adipose tissue inflammation and insulin sensitivity in C57BL/6J mice.

Impacts of weight cycling on C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein-3 (CTRP3) expression, adipose tissue inflammation and insulin sensitivity in C57BL/6J mice were evaluated in the current study. A total of 30 male C57Bl/6J mice were divided randomly into three groups; normal control (n=10), high-fat diet (OB, n=10) and weight cycling (WC, n=10), which were fed with high-fat diet in the first and last 8 weeks and regular chow in between. Systemic glucose metabolic status and insulin sensitivity were detected by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, respectively. Blood levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and TNF-α were determined using ELISA. Relative CTRP3, IL-6, TNF-α and glucose transporter (GLUT)4 mRNA expression in adipose tissue was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. Relative CTRP3, phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) and protein kinase B (PKB; Ser473) protein expression were detected by western blot analysis. Area under the curve of glucose and glucose infusion rate of the WC group were significantly increased compared with the OB group (P<0.01). CTRP3 mRNA and protein levels of the WC group were significantly decreased by 20.3 and 23.1%, respectively, compared with the OB group (P<0.01). IL-6 and TNF-α protein plasma levels and gene expression in adipose tissue of the WC group were significantly increased compared with the OB group (P<0.01). Expression and phosphorylation of insulin signaling molecules PI3K and PKB (Ser473), respectively and GLUT4 gene expression in adipose tissue of the WC group were significantly decreased compared with the OB group (P<0.01). In conclusion, weight cycling impaired glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity by decreasing CTRP3, PI3K, phosphorylated-PKB (Ser473) and GLUT4 expression, and increasing IL-6 and TNF-α levels.

Facilities of Obtaining Solid Alloys of WC Group by Using Nanodispersed Particles

Abstract The facility of using Nano-dispersed particles in cold pressing with subsequent agglomeration of hard alloys of the WC group is analyzed in the paper. The results of the formation and variation of the mechanical and tribotechnical properties of the WC-6 hard alloy on the dimension of the Nano-dispersed WC carbide phase are presented. It is shown that when using Nano-dispersed carbide phases with dimensions of 100-200 nm, the hardness, bending and agglomeration strength, as well as the modulus of elasticity and relative wear resistance sharply increase in comparison with conventional solid alloys of a similar chemical composition.

A Novel Technique of Paravertebral Thoracic and Preperitoneal Analgesia Enhances Early Recovery After Oesophagectomy.

Excellent analgesia following oesophagectomy facilitates patient comfort, early extubation, physiotherapy and mobilisation, reduces post-operative complications and should enhance recovery. Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA), the gold standard analgesic regimen for this procedure, is often associated with systemic hypotension treated with inotropes or fluid. This may compromise enhanced recovery and be complicated by anastomotic ischaemia or tissue oedema. We report a novel analgesic regimen to reduce post-operative inotrope usage. Infusion of ropivicaine via bilateral preperitoneal and right paravertebral catheters was used. Patient-controlled epidural pethidine provided rescue analgesia (WC) (n=21). A retrospective audit of inotrope requirement, mean pain scores, episodes of respiratory depression and excessive sedation, need for reintubation, reoperation in the first 5 post-operative days, time to mobilisation, time in intensive care, time in hospital and 30-day mortality were measured. These results were compared with those of an earlier patient group who received a thoracic epidural infusion of low-dose local anaesthetic and fentanyl (TEA) (n=21). Inotrope use was reduced by 29% in the WC group (p=0.03) and the mean intensive care stay reduced by 2.4days (p=0.03), as was reintubation rate (p=0.01) and early mobilisation (p=0.03). The pain score was comparable in both groups, and there was no difference in the other outcomes examined. The data demonstrated that it was possible to provide excellent post-oesophagectomy analgesia equivalent to thoracic epidural infusions of local anaesthetic with reduction in inotrope requirements, intensive care stay, more rapid mobilisation, facilitating enhanced recovery.

Are Cervical Collars a Necessary Postprocedure Restriction in Patients With Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Treated With Particle Repositioning Maneuvers?

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is managed with particle repositioning maneuvers (PRM), following which patients are advised of activity restrictions to prevent recurrence. This can include wearing a cervical collar. Does the use of BPPV postprocedure restriction with a cervical collar impact on the number of PRMs required to resolve a patient's symptoms? Combination of retrospective and prospective review of 624 patients treated in a tertiary UK hospital. All were diagnosed with posterior canal BPPV and received a modified Epley maneuver (PRM). The "with cervical collar" (WC) retrospective group 2002 to 2009 (n = 263) were advised to wear a cervical collar for 48 hours postprocedure, and the "no cervical collar" (NC) prospective group 2010 to 2014 (n = 361) were not. The main outcome measure was the resolution of patient symptoms following a PRM for BPPV. Quantitative and statistical analysis using χ test was undertaken. In the WC group, 84% (n = 221) had resolution of symptoms after the first PRM, versus 82.8% (n = 299) in the NC group. After the second PRM 11% (n = 29) resolved, versus 13.6% (n = 49) in the NC group. After the third PRM 4.9% (n = 13) resolved, versus 3.6% (n = 13) in the NC group. Both clinically and statistically there was no significant difference in outcome between groups. Our review of 624 patients is the largest study in this subject and the results demonstrate that wearing a cervical collar following PRM for BPPV concedes no significant benefit. Excluding this from postprocedure guidance allows patients to manage without the inconvenience of wearing a cervical collar, and allows departments to update clinical guidance.

五酯胶囊对肾移植术后早期他克莫司药代动力学和肝肾功能的影响

目的：五味子，木兰科的多年生草本植物北五味子属的成熟果实，其在许多国家广泛用作滋补类营养品和恢复性加强肝脏及其他器官的功能。五酯胶囊，一种五味子醇提制剂，是一个著名的中药，在中国广泛使用。五酯胶囊及其活性成分木酚素/木脂素显著保护肝损伤，在中国通常与TAC联合应用来防止药物引起的肝炎。本研究旨在探讨五酯胶囊对肾移植术后早期他克莫司血药浓度和肝肾功能的影响。方法：回顾性研究113名肾移植受者，未用五酯胶囊者55人，匹配年龄和性别后应用五酯胶囊者58人，所有患者接受Tac + MMF + Pred三联免疫抑制治疗。检测3天、7天和30天时Tac的血药浓度的变化，使用微粒酶免疫测定(MEIA)法。与此同时，测试所有患者的肝脏、肾脏功能。肝功能、肾功能、全血他克莫司浓度进行了两组之间的分析比较。结果：我们发现五酯胶囊可以显著提高3天、7天和30天时TAC血药浓度。3天、7天和30天时，五酯胶囊组全血Tac浓度平均增加了40.1%、23.3%、15.0%。更重要的是，直接胆红素也显著降低。两组之间其他的肝肾功能指标没有显著的差异(P > 0.05)。结论：五酯胶囊可以显著提高肾移植受者的Tac血药浓度，且具有保护肝脏的作用，没有明显的不良反应。 Objective: Fructus Schisandrae, the ripe fruits of perennial plant of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill, perennial herb of family Magnoliaceae, is widely used as a restorative, tonic nutrition to enhance the function of liver and other organs in many countries. Wuzhi capsule, an ethanol extract preparation of Fructus Schisandrae, is a well-known herbal medicine widely used in China. Wuzhi capsule and its active lignans significantly protect liver injury, and are often prescribed with TAC to prevent drug-induced hepatitis in China. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Wuzhi capsule on blood concentration of tacrolimus and liver function, renal function after renal transplantation. Methods: One hundred and thirteen renal transplant recipients were randomly assigned to two groups, i.e., 58 in the WC group and 55 in the control group. All patients received Tac + MMF + Pred triple immunosuppressive therapy. One month was taken as one therapeutic course. Changes of the blood concentration of Tac were detected 3, 7, 30 d after medication in the two groups using microparticle enzyme immune assay (MEIA). Meanwhile, the liver and kidney functions were tested. Liver function, renal function, and whole-blood concentrations of tacrolimus were analyzed to compare between the two groups. Results: We found that WZ capsule could significantly increase TAC blood concentration at 3, 7, 30 d. At 3, 7, 30 d after the application of WC capsule, the blood Tac concentration increased 40.1%, 23.3%, 15.0% averagely. More importantly, serum DBIL was also remarkably reduced. There was no significant difference in the liver and renal functions between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: WC capsule could significantly increase the blood Tac concentration of renal transplant recipients with liver protection, and has no obvious adverse reaction.

Sex disparity in the association between hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and arterial stiffness in Chinese healthy subjects

ABSTRACTObjective: To investigate the association between hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype and arterial stiffness in a Chinese population without hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.Methods: A total number of 3028 subjects aged 40 years and over were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All participants provided a clinical history and underwent a physical examination. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was used to evaluate arterial stiffness. HTGW phenotype was defined as the simultaneous presence of waist circumference ≥90/80 cm and triglycerides ≥2.0/1.5 mmol/L in men/women.Results: The prevalence of HTGW phenotype was 7.5% among healthy participants in China (Beijing), 7.4% in men and 7.5% in women. Women with HTGW phenotype had a higher level of baPWV compared with normal WC and normal triglyceride (NWNT) group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed in men (P > 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed HTGW phenotype was significantly associated with baPWV after controlling for multiple factors in women. However, no significant relationship was observed in men.Conclusions: The present study supports that HTGW phenotype is associated with increased arterial stiffness in women but not in men.

Factors Contributing Towards Poor Asthma Control in Patients on Regular Medication.

In-spite of the availability of effective medications, it is observed that patients with bronchial asthma on treatment are poorly controlled. An objective evaluation of asthma control especially with respect to inflammation and the factors contributing towards poor control is crucial in obtaining relief of symptoms. 1) To measure the asthma control using modified Mini Asthma Quality Of Life Questionnaire (MAQOL) and sputum eosinophil count; 2) To identify the role of factors viz. age, duration of asthma, severity, compliance, technique of inhalation and knowledge of asthma action plan on asthma control. Total 50 asthmatic patients on regular medication were included in the study after obtaining written informed consent. The asthma-control was evaluated based on history, clinical symptoms, need for short-acting bronchodilators, FEVs1 and sputum eosinophil count with the help of modified MAQOL. A global score of <80% was considered as poor control. The proportion of patients under each factor, in poorly-controlled group (PC) was compared with the well-controlled group (WC). The results were analysed using descriptive statistics and unpaired student's t-test. Of the total, 33 (66%) patients were in PC category with a mean global asthma score of 58.46 ± 2.881 vs 85.2 ± 1.19 in the WC group (34%) (p<0.05). The mean age in PC was 41.41 ± 2.413 vs 29.00 ± 2.157(p<0.05) in the WC. The mean duration of asthma was 16.76 ± 2.761 in PC vs 7.882 ± 2.065 years in WC (p<0.05). The severity score was 7.265 ± 0.4434 in PC vs 6.706 ± 0.64 in WC. Eight patients in PC and six in WC were unaware of the treatment plan. One in PC group and three in WC were unaware of technique of inhalation. One in PC group and three in WC were non-compliant. Mean sputum eosinophil count was 7.441 ± 1.081 in PC vs 5.176 ± 1.201 in WC. MAQOL is useful in evaluating asthma-control. Sputum eosinophil count correlates with asthma-control. Duration of asthma, age and severity contributed significantly to the poor control of asthma. There is a need for an objective monitoring in asthma and the treatment strategies need to be modified accordingly.

Effects of corn type and fasting time before slaughter on growth and plasma index in weaning pigs.

A 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary corn type (waxy corn [WC] vs. nonwaxy corn [NC]) and fasting period (2 h vs. 12-16 h) before slaughter on growth and plasma index in weaning pigs. Twenty-four crossbred barrows (8.26 ± 0.47 kg) were allotted to 4 treatments with 6 replications of 1 pig per replicate metabolism cage. Waxy corn contained less fat, a lower amylase:amylopectin ratio, more CP, and more starch than NC. Pigs fed the WC diet had lower jejunum digesta pH compared with those fed the NC diet ( < 0.05). Maltase activity in the jejunum and ileum mucosa ( < 0.01), sucrose activity in the ileum mucosa ( < 0.01), and amylase activity in the pancreas and jejunum digesta ( < 0.05) were increased in pigs fed the WC diet relative to those fed the NC diet. But the total tract apparent digestibility (TTAD) of starch and CP was lower for the WC group ( < 0.05). Ingestion of the NC diet resulted in higher ( < 0.05) ADG and ADFI in the second week but did not affect ADG ( = 0.091) and the feed:gain ratio (F:G; = 0.077) during the whole experiment period. The plasma glucose ( < 0.01) concentration was higher and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; < 0.01) concentrations was lower in the hepatic portal vein in pigs fed the WC diet relative to those fed the NC diet. Fasting 2 h before slaughter decreased the jejunum and ileum digesta pH compared with the 12-h fasting group ( < 0.01). Villus height increased in the duodenum ( < 0.01) and jejunum ( < 0.05) and the villus height:crypt depth ratio increased in the duodenum ( < 0.05) of pigs after shortening the fasting period before slaughter. Shortening the fasting time before slaughter resulted in higher plasma glucose ( < 0.05) concentrations and a higher HDL-C:low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ratio ( < 0.05) whereas the LDL-C ( < 0.05) concentrations were reduced in the hepatic portal vein. The results of this experiment indicate that although the production performance of both WC and NC diets is equal, the glucose concentration is higher and HDL-C is lower in the portal vein for the WC diet, and fasting time before slaughter has an influence on the plasma index and intestinal morphology in weaning pigs.

Recognition of speech in noise and relations with suppression of otoacoustic emissions and the acoustic reflex

AbstractSubjects presenting difficulties in understanding speech with competing sounds may have absence of otoacoustic emission suppression and the acoustic reflex.Aim: To study the performance of the efferent auditory system in normal hearing subjects complaining of difficulties to understand speech in noise.Material and methods: A prospective study comprising 50 normal-hearing subjects aged from 19 to 32 years, reporting difficulties with speech recognition in noise (with complaints - WC) or not (with no complaints - WNC). Distortion product evoked otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were tested at frequencies from 1500 to 6000 Hz.The contralateral acoustic reflex (CAR) was investigated from 500 to 4000 Hz.Results: Groups differed statistically as to the occurrence of CAR in the left ear at 4000 Hz. At 1500 Hz, there was a statistically significant effect - absence of DPOAEs in the WC group in the right ear. In left ears, absence of DPOAE suppression was higher in the WC at 1500 Hz and 2000 Hz.Conclusion: An association between self-reported difficulties in discriminating speech in noise and the absence of contralateral acoustic reflex at 4000 Hz in the left ear was observed; there was also absence of the suppression effect of DPOAEs, especially at middle frequencies in both ears.

PC56. The Impact of Vascular Surgery Wound Complications on Quality of Life

In addition to traditional surgical outcomes, perioperative quality of life (QoL) is being scrutinized as a patient-centric metric. As part of a prospective study in a contemporary surgical cohort, subjective health states were examined in the context of postoperative wound complications. We hypothesized that wound complications negatively impact QoL. EQ-5D subjective health state data, comprising five domains with 1 to 3 ordinal scoring (1 = good, 3 = poor), plus analog score, were collected at the day of surgery, and at 2 and 4 weeks’ follow-up (FU) in a study evaluating silver-eluting dressings in 500 patients at three centers. Groups were defined based on absence (NC) or presence (WC) of one or more postoperative wound complications. Mean patient age was 67.6; 72.2% were male. Primary indications included critical limb ischemia (41.4%), claudication (31.6%), and abdominal aortic aneurysm (11.2%; open groin access for endovascular repair). At least one WC occurred in 148 patients (29.6%). A total of 774 of 929 (83.3%) of FU visits included EQ-5D data in all six dimensions. There was no difference in the WC/NC groups in three basic demographic, eight laboratory, and eight medical history variables (P > .05 for all). Among seven recorded surgical indications, mean analog heath state scores were lowest in the tissue loss group (55.1) and highest in the AAA group (71.9; analysis of variance P < .001). Although mean overall baseline and FU health analog scores were not different in the WC (66.8) and NC (67.8) groups (P = .44); mobility (P < .001), self-care (P = .01); usual activities (P = .03), and pain (P < .001) scores demonstrated increased disability in the WC group (Table). Intensive care unit length of stay, and discharge to rehabilitation, nursing home, or hospice was associated with lower mean analog health score (P < .001 for both). Postoperative lower extremity wound complications result in short-term QoL decrements in several domains, highlighting the patient-centric morbidity of these complications beyond their health and economic impacts.TableEQ-5D DomainGroupBaseline2 weeks FU4 weeks FUPMobilityNC1.901.691.59<.001WC1.911.841.75Self-careNC1.171.251.16.01WC1.161.361.26Usual ActivitiesNC1.641.801.66.03WC1.661.961.76Pain-discomfortNC1.911.681.63<.001WC2.001.871.82Anxiety-depressionNC1.401.301.26.38WC1.391.381.31Analog Health StateNC62.569.169.4.44WC61.468.068.7FU, Follow-up; NC, no wound complication; WC, wound complication. Open table in a new tab

Is there a relationship between complaints of impaired balance and postural control disorder in community-dwelling elderly women? A cross-sectional study with the use of posturography.

Background:Risk of falls increases as age advances. Complaints of impaired balance are very common in the elderly age group. Objectives:The objective of this study was to investigate whether the subjective perception of impaired balance was associated with deficits in postural control (objective analysis) in elderly community-dwelling women. Method:Static posturography was used in two groups: elderly women with (WC group) and without (NC group) complaints of impaired balance. The area, mean sway amplitude and mean speed of the center of pressure (COP) in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions were analyzed in three stances: single-leg stance, double-leg stance and tandem stance, with eyes open or closed on two different surfaces: stable (firm) and unstable (foam). A digital chronometer was activated to measure the time limit (Tlimit) in the single-leg stance. Kruskal-Wallis tests followed by Mann-Whitney tests, Friedman analyses followed by post hoc Wilcoxon tests and Bonferroni corrections, and Spearman statistical tests were used in the data analysis. Differences of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results:The results of posturography variables revealed no differences between groups. The timed single-leg stance test revealed a shorter Tlimit in the left single-leg stance (p=0.01) in WC group compared to NC group. A negative correlation between posturography variables and Tlimit was detected. Conclusions:Posturography did not show any differences between the groups; however, the timed single-leg stance allowed the authors to observe differences in postural control performance between elderly women with and those without complaints of impaired balance.

Phosphoglycerate kinase enhanced immunity of the whole cell of Streptococcus agalactiae in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Streptococcus agalactiae is a Gram-positive bacterium and a severe aquaculture pathogen that can infect a wide range of warmwater fish species. The outer-surface proteins in bacterial pathogens play an important role in pathogenesis. We evaluated the immunogenicity of two of the identified surface proteins namely phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) and ornithine carbamoyl-transferase (OCT). PGK and OCT were over-expressed and purified from Escherichia coli and used as the subunit vaccines in tilapia. Tilapia immunized with the S. agalactiae modified bacteria vaccine (whole cell preparations with recombinant PGK and OCT proteins) individually were tested for the efficacy. OCT and PGK combined with WC had a higher survival rate. A high-level protection and significant specific antibody responses against S. agalactiae challenge was observed upon the vaccinated tilapia with the purified PGK protein and S. agalactiae whole cells. The specific antibody titer against S. agalactiae antigen suggested that increased antibody titers were correlated with post-challenge survival rate. Il-1β expression profile was higher in PGK + WC-treated group. Tnf-α expression in the PGK + WC group was significantly increased. Taken together, our results suggested the combinations of recombinant protein and whole cell may elicit immune responses that reach greater protection than that of individual S. agalactiae components.

Early exposure of dams to a westernized diet has long-term consequences on food intake and physiometabolic homeostasis of the rat offspring

This study evaluated the long-term effects of a westernized diet during pregnancy and lactation. Female Wistar rats (n = 12) were divided into two groups according to their food intake, namely, control (C) or westernized (W) diet, throughout pregnancy/lactation. On the 21st day, the male pups were weaned on a standard diet as follows: Control diet (CC) (n = 8) and westernized diet in perinatal life followed by control diet post weaning (WC) (n = 8). The levels of fasting (12 h) serum glucose, triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol and fraction in the pups were determined. During weaning, the WC group showed 14% greater body weight (p < 0.001). In the adulthood, the offspring from dams fed on westernized diet showed hyperphagia, hyperinsulinism, hypertriglyceridemia, higher fat visceral weight, higher very-low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol level, decreased high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol level, and altered glucose tolerance test. In conclusion, maternal western-style diet in early life altered long-term food intake, visceral fat pad, insulin, glucose and lipid serum, and increased risk of metabolic disorders.

Increased muscular triglyceride content and hyperglycemia in Goto-Kakizaki rat are decreased by egg white hydrolysate

We investigated the fat metabolic characteristics in non-obese and diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat and the effects of dietary egg white hydrolysate (EWH) on glucose and fat metabolism. Wistar (W) and GK (G) rats were placed into dietary casein (WC and GC) or EWH (WE and GE) group, and fed their respective diet for six weeks. Triglyceride (TG) content and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) indices in the soleus muscle were higher in the GC group than WC group in parallel with worsening serum glucose metabolic parameters. The glucose metabolic parameters were significantly improved in the GE group. The TG accumulation and SCD indices in the soleus muscle were also significantly lower in the GE group than in the GC group. In conclusion, dietary EWH not only improved glucose metabolism but also reduced both TG accumulation and SCD indices in the soleus muscle of GK rat.

Peri‐implant soft tissue and marginal bone adaptation on implant with non‐matching healing abutments: micro‐CT analysis

To assess (i) the outcome of changing the horizontal-offset dimension on the peri-implant soft tissues and the crestal bone and (ii) the effect of different healing abutments (flared vs. straight) on the marginal peri-implant soft tissues and crestal bone. Two-piece dental implants diameters of 3.5 and 4.5 mm were placed at least 1 mm subcrestal in five beagle dogs. Three different investigational groups: (i) 3.5-mm-diameter implant with narrow healing abutment (3.5N), (ii) 4.5-mm-diameter implant with narrow healing abutment (4.5N), and (iii) 3.5-mm-diameter implant with wide healing abutment (3.5W), were assessed. After 4 months of healing, the vertical distance from the marginal crestal bone (MB) to the implant shoulder (IS); the vertical distance from the IS to the first bone-to-implant contact; and the horizontal distance of bone ingrowth on the implant platform were measured with a high-resolution micro-CT (Xradia MicroXCT-200 system). Implants with a narrow healing caps showed an interproximal MB located between 0 and 1 mm above the implant shoulder, while the 3.5W group exhibits a mean value -0.50 mm. As all implants in group 3.5N presented a fBIC located at the level of the IS. For the 4.5N group, the mean fBIC-IS distance was -0.52 mm apically to the IS. For the 3.5WC group, the mean fBIC-IS distance was -1.42 mm. Horizontal bone apposition was only observed for the 3.5N group and the 4.5N group. The dimension of the horizontal offset would play a minimal role in reducing bone remodeling, whereas the configuration of the transmucosal component would directly influence marginal bone remodeling.

The effect of exercise on aorta gaseous molecules in rats with spontaneous hypertension

Objective To study the effects of exercise on blood pressure (BP) and aorta gaseous molecules of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR),so as to explore the role of gaseous molecules in exercise-induced changes of hypertension.Methods Sixteen male SHR were randomly divided into the SHR control (SC) group and SHR training (ST) group.Eight healthy male Wistar rats were used as normal control (WC) group.All the rats were fed normal foodstuff.The ST group was subject to 90-minute moderate swimming exercise once daily,6 times a week,for a total of 8 weeks,while the SC and WC groups were give no special intervention.The blood pressure and the contents of aorta NO,CO and H2S were examined before and at the end of the 4th,5th and 8th weeks of the exercise.Results After 8-week,a within-group comparison showed that the systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) was significantly elevated in SC group as compared with the baseline BP[(198.07 ± 7.27) vs (159.91 ±6.48) mmHgin SBP,(132.75 ±11.93) vs (103.75 ±3.69) mmHg in BBP](P＜0.05),while that the BP remained without significant changes in the ST group [(164.85 ± 3.73) mmHg for SBP and (103.20 ± 7.63)mmHg for DBP] after 8-week of exercise.A between-group comparison showed that BP values measured at the end of 4th,5th and 8th weeks post-exercise in the ST group were significantly lower than those in the SC group (P ＜ 0.05).It was also shown that,at the end of 8th week post-intervention,the levels of aorta NOS,NO,HO,CO,CSE and H2 S of SC group was significantly lower than those of the WC group (P ＜ 0.05),and the levels of NOS,HO,CSE in the ST group were significantly lower than those in the WC group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Moderate exercise can help relieve hypertension in SHR,and the gaseous molecules might synergistically mediate the effect of exercise in lowering the BP. Key words: Exercise; Hypertension; Nitric oxide; Carbonic monoxide; Hydrogen sulfide

GW24-e2174 Effectives of benazepril on aortic morphosis and expression of MicroRNA-195 in aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats

ObjectivesTo explore the changes of arotic morphosis expression of microRNA-195 in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and the effect of benazepril on their.Methods8-week-old male SHRs were randomly divided...

Consumption of Chinese Tea-Flavor Liquor Improves Circulating Insulin Levels without Affecting Hepatic Lipid Metabolism-Related Gene Expression in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Objective. To examine the effect of two Chinese liquors with quite different nonalcoholic components on insulin sensitivity, tissue polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and hepatic lipid metabolism in SD rats. Methods. Thirty-three SD rats were randomized into four groups and maintained in each treatment for 10 weeks: Chinese tea-flavor liquor (TFL, n = 9), traditional Chinese liquor (TCL, n = 8), ethanol control (EC, n = 8), and water control (WC, n = 8). Results. TFL significantly decreased plasma insulin (P = 0.009) and marginally decreased Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (P = 0.05), compared with WC. Hepatic total and n-6 PUFA compositions were significantly decreased in TFL, TCL, and EC groups compared with WC group (P < 0.05). TFL significantly increased kidney n-6 PUFA (P = 0.05) and total PUFA (P = 0.039), compared with EC group. EC group showed significant higher gene expressions of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and steroid response element-binding protein (1c and 2), while there were no significant differences of these gene expressions in TFL or TCL group compared with WC. Conclusions. TFL has a beneficial effect on metabolic disorder in relation to improved circulating insulin levels without affecting hepatic lipid metabolism-related gene expressions in rats.

Association between common allergic symptoms and cancer in the NHANES III female cohort.

BackgroundPrevious epidemiological studies have investigated the association between allergic symptoms and cancer occurrence. However, the role of allergy in cancer has been elusive, especially for the female population.MethodsWe examined the relationship between cancer prevalence and common allergic symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis (RC) and wheezing (WZ) among NHANES III female participants.ResultsAmong 4600 people, 36.3% (n = 1669) did not have any allergic symptoms (NO), while 47.6% (n = 2188) reported RC, and 16.2% (n = 743), WZ. The proportion of cancer among NO groups was 5.43% (91/1669), among RC group, 7.63% (167/2188), and among WZ group, 11.23% (83/743) (RC group- OR 1.44 with 95% CI 1.00–2.08; p = 0.05 while for WZ group- OR 2.20 with 95%CI 1.27–3.80; p = 0.01). After adjusting for all the possible confounding variables including age, smoking, or COPD, having symptoms of RC (AOR 1.49 with 95%CI 1.12–2.36; p = 0.01) or WC (AOR 2.08 with 95%CI 1.11–3.89; p = 0.02) demonstrated consistent strong association with cancer. Among nonsmokers (n = 2505, 54.5%) only symptoms of RC showed association with cancer (AOR 1.51 with 95%CI 1.00–2.28; p = 0.05). Among former or current smokers (n = 2094, 45.5%), only symptoms of WZ demonstrated association with cancer (AOR 2.38 with 95%CI 1.16–4.87; p = 0.02). Among different types of cancers, odds of having breast cancer among participants with symptoms of RC or WZ were approximately twice the odds of having breast cancer among participants without any of these symptoms. AOR for RC group was 1.89 with 95%CI 1.04–3.42 and p = 0.04 while AOR for WC group was 2.08 with 95%CI 0.90–4.78 and p = 0.08.ConclusionsIn summary, we found associations between common allergic symptoms like rhinitis/conjunctivitis and wheezing and prevalence of cancer, specifically between rhinitis/conjunctivitis and breast cancer that were not found in previous studies. Larger prospective studies are required to validate our findings.