The aim of this theme is to find out a clue to the disclosure of the reclaimed land in the middle reaches of the Kino River, but its chief purpose is firstly to make a restorative research of the ancient land development or “jori chiwari” (land division) and secondly to restore the ancient landscape of the area. The area of this study is the middle reaches of the Kino River (Naga County) where the jori restoration still remains unrevealed.The methods of study are;1) drawing up of a map of the jori land division. 2) naming of the jori land division and finding out the possible location of Akinano-sho area. 3) jori land division and the topographical conditions. 4) its retation of irrigation. 5) the relation of “jori” with the Kokubunji Temple and with “go”.(1) The distribution of jori in the middle reaches of the Kino River can be roughly parceled into 7 blocks. (Fig. 1, A∼G jori sections)In the northern part of the river the main “jori” is made up of, the easy slope on the periphery of the composite fan which extends to the southern foot of the Izumi Mountains and the lower terrace. (Fig. 4)In the southern part of the river, we also can find the remains of such jori in the flood plain of the Kishi River, a branch stream of the Kino River.“jori” in the Kii Mountainous district extends as far as the Nogami Hachiman Shrine.(2) In the north, the direction of “jori” way of land division adopts the Seihoi (ditches of land are in the direction of North, South, East, West) with the Kokubunji-Temple as its center.In the upper reaches the maximan propencity is N14°W and in the lower reaches, N7°E. (Fig. 1)But as a whole, the dircetion of the land division takes un-“seihoi” taking the shape of a fan.This was influenced by the direction of the fan-shaped land on the northern bank.But there are frequent occasions of each “jori” being in succession.Each “jori” has the uniform characteristic in the north, while in the south “jori” is fragmentary.It is clear that they divided the land by the unit of 1 “cho” (section) (Fig. 2) but in the inner part can we sea many indefinite and irregular shapes.Only in the fan-shaped area, “haori”-shape variation and in the lower terraces “Nagaji”-shape variation are found.(3) In the north, the upper reaches (Ito) and the lower reaches (Nagusa) have the same way of naming, that is, “jori” is divided into 25 “zu” (jo) from east to west, 7 “ri” from south to north.The land belonging to the Kanshinji Temple and Akina-sho (a feudal manor) in the ninth century is presumably the “Shoiki”.This investigation will disclose how the alluvial fan was reclaimed in Heian period, how “jori” was named in the Kahoku district, and provide basic material concerning archaeological views.It is presumed that they adopted the way of naming based on “block”.(4) As to the irrigation of “jori” paddy in the fan, in case of the basin of the Negoro River, the irrigation by the erosional valleys and ponds are thought to be old irrigation forms.(5) The 2 square “cho” domain belonging to the Kiikokubunji Temple adapts the “seihoi”. And the boundary of the temple domain connects with the jori in the vicinity with the transitional type. (Fig. 6)(6) The presumption of the location of 7 “go” of Naga county written in the “Wamyosho” will be submitted as a tentative plan (Fig. 2), taking the connection with the block “jori chiwari” into account.
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Sep 1, 1979
Mary Davidson 
Open Access