Wax Therapy Research Articles

Effect of Deep and Superficial Heating Combined with Self Static Calf Stretch Exercise among Adults with Heel Pain and Reduced Ankle Dorsiflexion-A Randomised Control Study

Background: The use of thermotherapy is been practised in the domain of physical therapy. Patients with heel pain which is caused by composite factors still prevalent so, usage of right modality for treating the pain, facilitating the muscle to stretch thereby increasing range of motion (ROM) for dorsiflexors is needed. This study was also done in perspective of reducing logistics and fiscal matters for both patients and therapists. Objective: To empirically prove whether short wave diathermy (SWD) or wax therapy increases dorsi flexion of the ankle joint and a significant reduce in heel pain. Methodology: A hundred samples whose ROM of dorsiflexion is less than or equal to 17 degrees was recruited for the study and divided into two equal groups randomly. Results: Effectiveness of Wax bath and SWD was tested separately and it gave a statistically significant improvement in ROM and decrease in pain. When the two interventions compared the group receiving SWD gained more ROM and self-perceived pain was less.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Mud Inunction Combined with Wax Therapy in Treating 30 Cases of Spastic Cerebral Palsy Children with Spasticities of Plantar Flexor

Traditional Chinese Medicine Mud Inunction Combined with Wax Therapy in Treating 30 Cases of Spastic Cerebral Palsy Children with Spasticities of Plantar Flexor

Chinese medicine packet plus wax therapy for periarthritis of the shoulder: study protocol for a multi-center, randomized controlled trial

Background: Periarthritis of the shoulder clinically manifests as pain and functional disorder of the shoulder joint. Although there is a tendency to self-heal, results are unsatisfactory. Nonsurgical treatments often used for clinical treatment of periarthritis, including simple closure, massage and acupuncture, do not improve symptoms. Chinese medicine packets and wax treatment effectively improves the local micro-circulation and regulates body functions. Therefore, this study aims to develop a new Chinese medicine wax treatment for periarthritis of the shoulder using these two techniques, and to observe its safety and efficacy. Methods/Design: A prospective, multi-center randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial will enroll patients with periarthritis of the shoulder who will be randomized into treatment and control groups. In the treatment group, packets will be immersed in a decoction of Chinese medicine. Prepared packets will be placed onto the shoulder joint followed by warm paraffin cake, once a day for 20 minutes, for 4 weeks. In the control group, Chinese medicine packets will be replaced by placebo; all other procedures will be identical. Outcome measures will be assessed at baseline and 1, 2, and 4 weeks after treatment. Primary outcome is the McGill Pain Questionnaire score. Secondary outcomes include shoulder disability questionnaire score, Oxford shoulder score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, University of California, Los Angeles shoulder score, the efficacy in treating Traditional Chinese Medicine syndromes, visual analog scale score, and Constant-Murley shoulder score. Discussion: This trial will provide a quantitative basis to establish therapeutic guidelines and technical standards for Chinese medicine packet plus wax therapy for the treatment of periarthritis of the shoulder. Trial registration: Chictr.org.cn identifier: ChiCTR-IOR-15006149; registered on 11 March 2015. Written approval for this protocol was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China (approval No. 2014ZX (KT)-010-02).

To evaluate the efficacy of Mobilization Techniques in Post-Traumatic stiff ankle with and without Paraffin Wax Bath

Mobilization techniques are frequently used by physiotherapists to reduce pain, improve joint movement and facilitate return to activities after injury. The objective of this study was to explore differences in the efficacy of Mobilization Techniques in Post-Traumatic stiff ankle with and without Paraffin Wax Bath. Thirty seven patients of Post Traumatic stiff ankle were recruited for the study at Sajid Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation center, Multan from March 2011 to February 2013. It was a randomized controlled trial and the patients with equal grades of severity were placed in control and study groups. Group A had nineteen patients and Group B had 18 patients. The inclusion criteria were age range from 20-60 years, pain, loss of ROM, with history of trauma and fracture of ankle. The patients with similar complaints but with surgical treatment were excluded. Group A was given mobilization techniques with paraffin wax bath while group B was treated without paraffin wax bath. Improvement was observed by EscolaPaulista de Medicina Range of Motion (EPM-ROM) scale and visual analogue scale (VAS). After ten weeks of treatment, the patients were re-evaluated by an orthopedic surgeon and a Physiotherapist for their symptoms and ROM. t-test was applied to compare outcome between two groups and p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Group A had nineteen patients and Group B had 18 patients and both were treated for ten weeks. There were 12 male and 7 female patients in group A and 10 male and 8 female in group B. At the start of treatment the basic characteristic were similar in both the groups. Deficits in dorsiflexion, planterflexion, inversion, eversion pain and stiffness were measured before and after the treatment period. Pain relief was found better in both groups which were considered statistically significant with p=0.001, group A (1.135 ± 0.359) vs. group B (1.135 ± 0.359). ROM in pre and post treatment degrees showed that dorsiflexion was significantly increased in group A (1.135 ± 0.359) vs. group B (1.135 ± 0.0359).) and planterflexion was in group A (1.337 ± 0.422) vs. group B (0.841 ± 0.264). Functional movement showed improvement in inversion in group A (0.875 ± 0.276) vs. group B (0.966 ± 0.305) and in eversion in group A (0.948 ± 0.300) vs. group B (0.674 ± 0.213). Mobilization Techniques followed by wax bath resulted in significant improvements of range of motion (ROM), clinical and functional changes. Wax bath alone had no significant effect. After ten weeks intervention treatment, t-test was applied to compare outcome between the two groups and p=0.001to 0.004 in group A and p= 0.104 to 0.168 in group B, (p<0.05) was obtained which shows statistical significance. Joint mobilization and wax bath therapy is an effective and beneficial tool to improve the symptoms and quality of life in post traumatic stiff ankle patients. Joint mobilization techniques combined with wax bath are more effective in the management of post-traumatic stiff ankle as compared to wax therapy alone.

Effects of isotonic and isometric hand exercises on pain, hand functions, dexterity and quality of life in women with rheumatoid arthritis

The primary objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of 6-week-long isotonic and isometric hand exercises on pain, hand functions, dexterity and quality of life in women diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our secondary objective was to assess the changes in handgrip strength and disease activity. This randomized, parallel, single-blinded 6-week intervention study enrolled 52 female patients between 40 and 70 years of age, who were diagnosed with RA according to American College of Rheumatology criteria, had disease duration of at least 1 year and had a stage 1-3 disease according to Steinbrocker's functional evaluation scale. Patients were randomized into isotonics and isometrics groups. Exercises were performed on sixth week. All patients were applied wax therapy in the first 2 weeks. Their pain was assessed with visual analog scale (VAS), their hand functions with Duruöz Hand Index (DHI), dexterity with nine hole peg test (NHPT) and quality of life with Rheumatoid Arthritis Quality of Life questionnaire (RAQoL). Dominant and non-dominant handgrip strengths (HS) were measured. Disease activity was determined by disease activity score (DAS 28). We evaluated the difference in the above parameters between baseline and 6 weeks by Wilcoxon paired t test. The study was completed with 47 patients (isotonics n = 23; isometrics n = 24). VAS, DHI, NHPT, and RAQoL scores significantly improved in both groups by the end of 6th week compared to the baseline scores of the study (for isotonics p = 0.036, p = 0.002; p = 0.0001, p = 0.003; for isometrics p = 0.021, p = 0.002, p = 0.005, p = 0.01, respectively). DAS 28 scores decreased in both exercise groups (p = 0.002; p = 0.0001, respectively), while isometrics showed a significant increase in dominant HS (p = 0.029), and isotonics showed a significant increase in non-dominant HS (p = 0.013). This study showed that isometric and isotonic hand exercises decrease pain and disease activity and improve hand functions, dexterity and quality of life as well as mildly increasing muscle strength in patients diagnosed as RA.

The use of outcome scores in surgery of the shoulder

The pursuit of ‘best practice’, health economic planning, the increasing awareness and expectations of patients, pressure from politicians and the media, and the emergence of league tables for surgeons are some of the reasons why orthopaedic surgeons are encouraged to adopt evidence-based