Wave Absorption Materials Research Articles

A glass-like carbon-wrapped Y2Si2O7 core-shell structure for improving electromagnetic wave absorption

Electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption materials have been intensively investigated to mitigate EM wave pollution and fulfil the demands for radar cross section (RCS) reduction. Herein, Y2Si2O7@C composites with a core-shell structure that embeds Y2Si2O7 into glass-like carbon flakes are constructed to improve EM wave absorption. By controlling the phenolic resin content, the Y2Si2O7 inlaid glass-like carbon flake structures are gradually increased, resulting in controllable dielectric properties and optimization of the impedance matching characteristic, minimum reflection coefficient (RCmin), and broadest effective absorption bandwidth (EAB). The RCmin of Y2Si2O7@C composites (Y-3 sample) can reach −42 dB at a matching thickness of 3.3 mm, and the EAB covers 4.2 GHz (in the X band) at matching thicknesses varying from 2.1 mm to 3.5 mm. Moreover, at a scattering angle of 65°, the RCS achieves 26 dBm2. This work provides insight for designing novel Y2Si2O7 based EM wave absorption materials with strong RC, thin thickness, and wide EAB.

Restricted growth of molybdenum carbide nanoparticles in hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon matrix for boosting electromagnetic wave absorption performance

With the development of electronic science and technology, electromagnetic pollution is becoming increasingly serious, which urgent people to develop wave-absorbing materials with the features of “thin, light, strong and wide”. In this paper, restricted growth of molybdenum carbide nanoparticles in hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon matrix (Mo2C/NC) was designed and prepared via a salt-assisted template route and carbonization process, whose morphology and the wave-absorbing properties are regulated by changing the content of Mo2C/NC nanoparticles. The honeycomb porous Mo2C/NC composites with large specific surface area and smooth surface can optimize the impedance matching and allow the entrance, multiple reflections and scattering of incident electromagnetic waves (EMW), which effective enhance the electromagnetic wave consumption. Meanwhile, the honeycomb cross-linked carbon matrix facilitates the construction of the conductive network and enhances its conductive loss. Furthermore, numerous Mo2C/NC nanoparticles dispersed restricted growth in carbon matrix induces interfacial polarization. In addition, the heteroatom nitrogen doping acts as dipole centers to induce dipole polarization under electromagnetic field. The uniquely designed Mo2C/NC absorbers show satisfactory EMW absorption behaviors of a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −61.53 dB at 1.5 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 9.6 GHz at 3.5 mm. This work enriches the variety of EMW absorbers and offers the route to promote the EMW absorption performance, especially large effective absorption bandwidth.

Advances in magnetic nano-wave absorbing materials

Magnetic materials are materials with specific magnetic properties, produced mainly by chemical methods such as co-saturation and high temperature pyrolysis, and with controllable product morphology and size. Magnetic particles have a high surface activity and a tendency to agglomerate, which can not only improve their dispersion and biocompatibility, but also achieve specific functions through surface modification in the actual research process. The research and application of wave-absorbing materials will have a major impact on the development of civilian electromagnetic radiation shields. Absorbents with good wave-absorbing properties are at the core of wave absorbing materials, and to meet the requirements of their thin, light, wide and strong properties, absorber research has also advanced towards high efficiency, composites, compatibility and intelligence. By summarising and analysing existing research, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research achievements and applications of magnetic wave absorbing materials in the medical and military fields to further explore the application potential, current challenges and future developments of such materials in various fields.

A Regulable Polyporous Graphite/Melamine Foam for Heat Conduction, Sound Absorption and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

To reduce electromagnetic interference and noise pollution within communication base stations and servers, it is necessary for electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA) materials to transition from coating to multifunctional devices. Up to now, the stable and effective integration of multiple functions into one material by a simple method has remained a large challenge. Herein, a foam-type microwave absorption device assembled with multicomponent organic matter and graphite powder is synthesized by a universal combination process. Melamine and phenolic aldehyde amine work as the skeleton and cementing compound, respectively, in which graphite is embedded in the cementing compound interconnected into the mesoscopic 3D electric conductive and heat conductive network. Interestingly, the prepared flexible graphite/melamine foam (CMF) delivers a great EWA performance, with a great effective absorption bandwidth of 9.8GHz, ultrathin thickness of 2.60mm, and a strong absorption reflection loss of -41.7dB. Moreover, the CMF possesses porosity and flexibility, endowing it with sound absorption ability. The CMF is unique in its integration of EWA, heat conduction, sound absorption, and mechanical robustness, as well as its cost-effective and scalable manufacturing. These attributes make CMF promising as a multifunctional device widely used in communication base stations, servers, and chips protection.

Construction of chitosan-derived porous nest-like C/SnO2 materials for microwave absorption

Electromagnetic waves have an irreplaceable role as information carriers in civil and radar stealth fields, but they also lead to electromagnetic pollution and electromagnetic leakage. Therefore, electromagnetic wave absorbing materials that can reduce electromagnetic radiation have come into being. Especially, SnO2 has made a wave among many wave-absorbing materials as an easily tunable dielectric material, but it hardly has both broadband and powerful absorption properties. Here, the nested porous C/SnO2 composites derived from nitrogen-doped chitosan is obtained by freeze-drying and supplemented with carbonization treatment. The chitosan creates a nested cross-linked conductive network that can make part of the contribution to conduction loss. The amino groups contained in the molecule either help promote in situ nitrogen doping and trigger dipole polarization. The multiphase dissimilar interface between the nested carbon layer and the inner clad SnO2 formation is the major inducer of interfacial polarization. It reached intense absorption of −48.8 dB and bandwidth of 5.2 GHz at 3.46 mm. The interfacial polarization is confirmed to be the main force of dielectric loss by simulating the electromagnetic field distribution. In addition, the RCS simulation data assure the prospect of enticing applications of C/SnO2 composites in the field of radar stealth.

Construction of CoFe2O4/MXene hybrids with plentiful heterointerfaces for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption through dielectric-magnetic cooperation strategy

Developing high-efficiency electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials is urgently demanded but challenging to tackle the increasingly serious electromagnetic radiation pollution. In this regard, a novel multi-heterostructure hybrid consisting of two-dimensional MXene nanosheets and zero-dimensional CoFe2O4 nanoparticles was successfully constructed by facile solvothermal approach. Benefiting from the improved impedance matching, electric/magnetic coupling effect, polarization loss originated from numerous heterointerfaces and defects, as well as multiple reflection and scattering, the resultant CoFe2O4/MXene (CM) hybrids realize brilliant EMW absorption performance. Notably, the final EMW absorption performance of CM hybrids is closely associated with their electromagnetic parameters, which could be facilely regulated by adjusting the ratios of CoFe2O4 to MXene. The resultant CM hybrids present the optimal minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −58.8 dB at 9.59 GHz with a tiny thickness of 2.36 mm and exhibit a broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.3 GHz (11.7–18.0 GHz) at a thickness of only 2.03 mm, which covers the whole Ku band. In addition, the effectiveness of CM hybrids as highly efficient EMW absorption materials in real condition is intuitively demonstrated by the radar cross section simulation. This work paves a new route for synthesizing high-performance MXene-based EMW absorption materials with superior practical application value.

Carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibers@carbon fiber construction of 3D network hierarchical structures toward multiple synergistic losses for electromagnetic wave absorption

Exploring carbon materials is promising for innovative electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials, nevertheless challenged by balancing efficient EMW absorption and continuous large-scale fabrication. In this work, CNTs/CNFs@CF with inimitable 3D network hierarchical structures are fabricated as EMW absorbers via the chemical vapor deposition method. Through detailed characterization of its morphology, structure, composition, and magnetic properties, the material obtained optimal electromagnetism parameters and showed exceptional EMW absorption performance. Herein, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) was −66.00 dB at 1.00 mm and the maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 4.48 GHz was obtained at 1.29 mm. In addition, good mechanical properties with a single-filament tensile strength of 4.99 GPa were achieved, thereby expanding the range of applications. Undoubtedly, CNTs/CNFs@CF realizes the synergy of multiple synergistic loss mechanisms and impedance matching for EMW absorption. In summary, this implies a good prospect for the continuous large-scale preparation of ultrathin and efficient EMW absorbers.

Facile constructing Ti3C2Tx/TiO2@C heterostructures for excellent microwave absorption properties

Optimizing and enhancing the performance of electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials relies on the modification of their composition and structure through heterogeneous interface engineering. Ti3C2Tx’s high conductivity results in an impedance mismatch, which hinders efficient EMW absorption. Herein, a one–step catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) method is used to construct the Ti3C2Tx/TiO2@C heterogeneous structure. Upon annealing at 500 °C, amorphous carbon is uniformly deposited on the Ti3C2Tx surface, thereby incorporating the scale–like TiO2 generated during the process. The inclusion of the amorphous carbon layer and TiO2 reduces the substrate’s conductivity, achieving optimized impedance matching. Additionally, building heterogeneous interfaces between Ti3C2Tx, TiO2, and C enriches multiple loss mechanisms involving dipole and interfacial polarization, ultimately enabling optimal EMW absorption performance. The minimum reflection loss (RLmin) value of Ti3C2Tx/TiO2@C–500 is –53.12 dB when its thickness and frequency are 1.15 mm and 13.80 GHz, respectively. Moreover, thermal infrared imaging confirms that coatings fabricated using Ti3C2Tx/TiO2@C–500 demonstrate a favorable heat dissipation rate, validating its effectiveness in addressing the challenge of efficient heat dissipation in electronic devices. This study significantly contributes to the progress of two–dimensional (2D) materials, enabling high–performance EMW absorption and expanding their applications in complex scenarios.

Facile fabrication of biomass chitosan-derived magnetic carbon aerogels as multifunctional and high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption materials

Biomass chitosan-derived porous carbon-based materials take the advantage of light weight, adjustable intrinsic conductivity, and environmental friendliness, attracting more attention in the field of electromagnetic compatibility. However, exploring a facile fabrication method to achieve rational structure design and electrical-magnetic coupling for electromagnetic absorption performance enhancement still remains challenging. Here, a unique honeycomb-like porous cobalt/carbon aerogel is fabricated through the directional freezing-drying and carbonization process, and abundant and even-distributed cobalt particles in-situ grow on the carbon skeletons. The aerogel exhibits an impressive electromagnetic wave absorption performance of a −75.8-dB absorption intensity and a −256.9-dB mm−1 specific reflection loss at a low filling content (10%), as well as an 8.53-GHz effective absorption bandwidth. Besides, the aerogel also demonstrates classy radar stealth and thermal insulation performance. The eco-friendly, easily fabricated, and high-performance cobalt/carbon aerogel suggests broad application prospects for electromagnetic compatibility and protection, thermal management, and multifarious electron devices.

Nano-assembled modified graphene composites based on rapid microwave fabrication for thermal management

Carbon materials are commonly considered as the main wave-absorbing material for radar stealth in conventional stealth materials. In fact, nanoscale modulation can adequately exploit their superior properties to develop their potential as infrared stealth. In this paper, an ingenious strategy is proposed for rapidly preparing carbon-based materials through simple microwave radiation. Graphene oxide is modified by a “defect/ion matching” mechanism to accomplish the structural construction of the carbon chessboard/silver chess pieces (CCB-SCP). Additionally, inexpensive chitosan has been introduced via topological bonding without using binders. Due to the delicate structural design, CCB-SCP/Chitosan has low density (0.064 g cm−3), ultra-low thermal conductivity (0.018 W m−1 K−1), and significant thermal shielding temperature difference (ΔT ∼ 50℃). The cost-effective composite material can be applied to thermal management in medium–high temperature sections (∼200℃). At a heating platform of 190 °C, CCB-SCP/Chitosan can provide a temperature drop of up to 46℃. In addition, CCB-SCP/Chitosan exhibits good electrical conductivity, thermal insulation stability, and relatively low infrared emissivity. An innovative approach to the delicate design of carbon-based materials utilizing microwaves, including carbon layers encapsulation, three-dimensional structures, and five-fold twinned particles, is proposed, which opens a new avenue for nanostructure-based thermal camouflage applications in the medium to high temperature region.

Carbonization of Ni@SiC@C nanoparticles reinforced PAN nanofibers for adjustable impedance matching

Achieving a broad bandwidth and efficient absorption of electromagnetic wave absorption materials remains a significant challenge, especially when considering electromagnetic pollution protection. One-dimensional carbon nanofibers with a three-dimensional network structure have been extensively studied to address this need. However, the high permittivity of carbon nanofibers results in a strong impedance mismatch with free space. In this work, we successfully dispersed double-shell Ni@SiC@C nanoparticles into one-dimensional carbon nanofibers (Ni@SiC@C CNFs) using electrospinning and heat treatment. We extensively explored the effect of carbonization temperature on the impedance matching and magnetic-dielectric loss for electromagnetic wave. The presence of rich interfaces from the double-shell nanoparticles and defects from N-doping optimizes the impedance matching of the composites. The exceptional electromagnetic wave absorption properties of the Ni@SiC@C CNFs are attributed to the synergistic effect between the three-dimensional conductive network, the interface electronic engineering induced by the sensibly loaded double-shell nanoparticles, and the multiple reflections, especially at a carbonization temperature of 600 ℃. The achieved minimum reflection loss value has been measured at an outstanding −53.27 dB, coupled with a remarkable absorption bandwidth that spans from 2.53 GHz to 18.00 GHz (15.47 GHz) across various thicknesses. These findings underscore the potential of the meticulously engineered Ni@SiC@C CNFs as highly promising candidates for efficient and broadband electromagnetic wave absorption applications.

Polymerization-induced assembly-etching engineering to hollow Co@N-doped carbon microcages for superior electromagnetic wave absorption

Hollow engineering is an effective approach to optimize impedance matching and modify magnetic-dielectric synergy for enhanced wave absorption capability, but the composition and microstructure manipulation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived absorbers remains a challenge. Herein, a novel and facile polymerization-induced assembly-etching strategy is proposed for the manufacture of wrinkled zeolitic imidazolate framework-67@polypyrrole (ZIF-67@PPy) microcages using ammonium persulfate catalyzed pyrrole polymerization and concomitant acid etching. Then, hollow cobalt@N-doped carbon microcages (Co@NCMs) with distorted carbon shells, rich core-shell heterojunctions, highly dispersive Co nanoparticles, and abundant heterogeneous interfaces are produced via high-temperature pyrolysis process, which eliminates the need for additional templates and etching agents. Moreover, the hollow microcage structure with interior cavities and mesopores provides superior impedance matching and lightweight characteristics to the absorbers. Therefore, the hollow absorbers demonstrate a minimum reflection loss of −50.4 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.85 GHz at 2.7 mm with a 10 wt% filler loading. In general, the polymerization-indued assembly-etching strategy inspires the hollow engineering of MOF derivatives, and facilitates the development of superior electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA) materials.

N-doped carbon derived from thermoplastic and thermosetting polyimides toward electromagnetic waves absorption

Due to stronger tunability, higher stability, and low production costs, polymeric material-based carbon materials are considered to have the potential to become high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbing (EWA) materials. In this work, polymer-derived carbon is made by pyrolyzing thermoplastic polyimide (TPPI) and thermosetting polyimide (TSPI) at different temperatures. Using Raman and XPS analysis, the graphitization degree and defect content of carbonized TPPI and TSPI are obtained. The reflection loss is calculated by through their electromagnetic parameters. The prepared carbonaceous materials exhibit excellent EWA performance. Specifically, the maximum effective absorption band (EABmax) of carbonized TSPI at 1500 C can reach 4.1 GHz with thickness of 1.8 mm, and that of carbonized TPPI at 900 C can reach 4 GHz at lower thickness of 1.6 mm. The different structures of TPPI and TSPI result in different degrees of graphitization and defect content at the same temperature, which further leads to differences in their EWA performance. This work provides inspiration for studying the influence of precursor structure on the EWA preformation of carbon materials obtained through pyrolysis.

Biomass-derived ferrous magnetic carbon-based nanocomposites from loofah collaterals for excellent electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials

High-performance wave-absorbing materials are always pursuing the goals of thin, lightweight, wide and strong absorption. Hitherto carbonaceous materials are still one kind of the most popular wave-absorbing materials. This work proposed a facile biomass-derivation route to prepare carbonaceous wave-absorbing materials. Loofah collaterals were impregnated with Fe(NO3)3 solution, and a process of iron-catalyzed carbonization for the dried precursors ensued, leading to the formation of Fe@Fe3C/C ternary nanocomposites. It’s found that the Fe@Fe3C/C nanocomposites possessed the absorption abilities from 13.0 to 18.0 GHz with the effective absorbing bandwidth almost covered the Ku band. The superior wave-absorbing properties were mainly ascribed to the synergism of dielectric and magnetic loss mechanisms. Meanwhile, the improved impedance matching and the elevated attenuation ability also favored the strong absorption at specific thickness. This work paved the way for the green synthesis and mass production of high-efficient wave-absorbing materials, and further inspired the regeneration of biomass waste for electromagnetic applications.

Bidirectional periodic pore structure Si-C-N multiphase ceramic with high thermostability and excellent microwave absorption properties over a wide temperature range

High-temperature electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials are urgently needed for high thrust-to-weight ratio aero-engine. A novel EMW absorbing Si-C-N ceramic at elevated temperatures was fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) Si3N4 and SiC on 2D plain carbon fiber preform forming periodic framing and then oxidation to remove carbon fiber. The three-level gradient periodic microstructure was in-situ constructed in the Si-C-N ceramics to meet the impedance matching characteristics and effectively attenuate as much as EMWs. Compared with traditional EMW absorption materials, the Si-C-N ceramics with bidirectional periodic pore had a lower density of 1.2 g/cm3 and better frequency dispersion behavior which could obtain an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) covering the whole X-band at 2.45 mm and the lowest reflection coefficient (RCmin) of − 40 dB at 3.5 mm. The optimal Si-C-N ceramics (S2) show excellent EMW absorption performance over a wide temperature range. The Si-C-N ceramic had a promising applications at high temperatures.

Binary Au iron oxide nanoparticle/carbon complex for broadband electromagnetic wave absorption

Electromagnetic (EM) pollution is widespread in today's world and has been proven to be harmful to humans. Electromagnetic interference can cause improper functions in high-precision instruments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption materials. Due to impedance matching and synergy between magnetic and dielectric loss, nanostructured composite materials can be utilized to attenuate electromagnetic waves. In this work, nanostructured composites, binary Au/iron oxide nanoparticles embedded in precursor-derived carbon, were prepared through pyrolysis at 700 °C, 800 °C and 900 °C to absorb EM waves. The results indicated that the nanocomposites treated at 800 °C exhibited excellent wave absorption. The minimum reflection loss value was −48.35 dB at 13.2 GHz at a thickness of 2.3 mm. The effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) value was as large as 5.53 GHz at 2.3 mm, nearly covering the entire Ku band. The wide EAB is mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of dielectric loss and magnetic loss within the Au iron oxide NP/carbon nanostructure. Moreover, this work demonstrates that iron oxide NP/carbon is an excellent wave absorption material that offers broad EMA bandwidth and high performance at low material thickness, showing potential in the field of radar wave absorption materials.

Enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption performance of pompon-shaped Nb2O5/CNTs composite microspheres prepared via spraying technique

The pompon-shaped Nb2O5/carbon nanotubes composite microspheres (NCM) were successfully synthesized via a spraying technique as electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption materials. The comprehensive investigation process involved the microstructure, phase composition, EMW absorption property, and corresponding mechanisms of the as-fabricated NCM. The combination of CNTs and Nb2O5 not only provides multiple attenuation mechanisms but also promotes impedance matching. Furthermore, substantial newly-formed heterogeneous interfaces in NCM enhance the relaxation polarization process. Additionally, the distinctive pompon-shaped morphology of NCM enhances multiple reflection and scattering of the EMW, thereby facilitating the extension of transmission paths for charge. NCM-3 demonstrated significantly superior EMW absorption performance, with an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.28 GHz and a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −30.52 dB at a mere thickness of 1.97 mm. This work could provide critical guidance for the exploration of new binary materials for EMW absorption.

Electromagnetic wave absorption properties of red mud-blast furnace slag based geopolymers filled with various wave-absorption materials

In this work, red mud-blast furnace slag (RM-BFS) based geopolymers with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption property is synthesized through the incorporation of wave-absorption materials. The electromagnetic absorption property of geopolymer is characterized through the arched test, in which the reflection loss of specimens is tested by vector network analyzer (VNA). The microstructure and conductivity of geopolymers are characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), concrete porous structure analyzer and conductivity tester. The crystalline phase and functional groups of geopolymers are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Compared to Portland cement concrete (PCC), wave absorption band of the geopolymer is wider and the absorption peak in high frequency band is more intense. With the optimal addition of hollow glass microsphere (HGM), Fe2O3 and graphite particles, the absorption bandwidth with reflection loss less than −5 dB are 12.4, 7.7 and 8.1 GHz, and the maximum reflection loss are −9.4, −8.4 and −8.7 dB, respectively. This study might give a clue for preparation of geopolymers with high electromagnetic wave absorption properties.

Multi-morphology composite: Particle & petal-shaped ZnFe2O4/flower-shaped ZnO@Porous biomass carbon with excellent broadband microwave absorption performance

Utilizing carbon and magnetic components to construct microwave-absorbing composites with broadband and strong absorption has become a research focus. Improving the structural coupling of these materials to enhance impedance matching and dielectric performance remains a significant obstacle. Particle and petal-shaped ZnFe2O4/flower-shaped ZnO@chestnut shell biomass-carbon composites (ZnFe2O4/ZnO@CBC) were synthesized via a one-step sintering method. The biomass carbon-based material presents a three-dimensional framework structure, while the particle and petal-shaped ZnFe2O4 and flower-shaped ZnO are uniformly distributed on its surface. This distribution significantly improves the dielectric polarization performance and magnetic loss of the material, ultimately leading to good microwave attenuation ability through impedance matching. Taking the addition of 1 g of biomass as an example, the minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of the composite material is −50.43 dB, and the widest effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reaches 7.13 GHz (10.87–18 GHz). Notably, the EAB of the different composite materials all remains above 6.4 GHz when the biomass addition is adjusted within the range of 1–2.5 g, indicating that they are not sensitive to the amount of biomass used and have good stability in microwave absorption performance. Moreover, the results of the simulation and modeling analyses of the radar cross section (RCS) further validate the efficacy of composite materials in attenuating microwaves. These results offer valuable insights into the stability of bandwidth in materials and the potential application of biomass in wave-absorbing materials. It also shows that the composites are highly promising and reliable candidates for microwave absorption applications due to their high-performance, wide-band, and thin-absorption properties.

In-situ construction of volcanic rock-like structures in Yb2O3 modified reduced graphene oxide and their boosted electromagnetic wave absorbing properties

Creating porous structures is a practical method for enhancing the impedance matching and interfacial polarization of dielectric materials, which in turn leads to improved electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption performance. However, the use of nanoparticles, nanorods, and two-dimensional materials to construct a simple porous structure typically has a minor effect on the EM parameters and interface polarization. To improve impedance matching and reduce the reflection of EM waves while simultaneously enhancing interfacial polarization, a more rational structure for dielectric materials is desired. Herein, a ytterbium oxide/reduced graphene oxide (Yb2O3/rGO) composite with a volcanic rock-like structure is proposed to exhibit outstanding impedance matching and loss capacity and achieve high EM wave performance. The addition of Yb2O3 is utilized to induce the formation of porous structures with varying morphologies. Yb2O3 not only significantly improves the polarization loss but also facilitates volcanic rock-like structure construction, thus improving the EM wave performance. As a result, the Yb2O3/rGO composites with a volcanic rock-like structure exhibit outstanding EM absorption performance, including three-band absorption (C, X, and Ku bands), as evidenced by their minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −57.2 dB (equivalent to 99.9999% effective absorption) at 11.6 GHz when the matched thickness is 2.1 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.2 GHz. Simulations in the CST microwave studio further validate the benefits of the composite's unique structure, which shows a radar cross-section (RCS) reduction value of up to 38.1 dB m2. This work offers valuable insights for the development of next-generation EM wave absorption materials through the implementation of a well-designed and distinctive structure.