Watermelon Extract Research Articles

Extraction and Isolation of Bioactive Molecule Lycopene from Water Melon and Evaluation of Anti Diabetic Activity against STZ Induced Rats

Despite the popular belief that watermelon is just water and sugar, watermelon is actually a nutrient dense food. It provides high levels of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants and just a small number of calories. Water melons have become synonymous with summer and picnics, and for good reason. Their refreshing quality and sweet taste help to combat the heat and provide a guilt-free, low maintenance dessert. Along with cantaloupe and honeydew, watermelons are a member of the botanical family Cucurbitaceae. There are five common types of watermelon: seeded, seedless, mini (also known as personal), yellow, and orange. The objective of the present research work was to evaluate in vivo anti diabetic activity of ethanolic extract of water melon (EE-WMN).The present experimental data displayed the blood glucose level 283.5±0.4238–284.2±0.02217 mg/dL mg/dL in STZ induced diabetic rats, which was considered as severe diabetes in the glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) and EE-WMN (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) treated groups, the peak values of blood sugar and cholesterol and triglycerides significantly reduced on the 21st day, respectively. Hence, this experimental data displayed that the EE-WMN significantly decrease the blood glucose level in diabetic rats but values did not return to those of normal controls. Therefore, the EE- WMN executed anti diabetic activity, when compared with diabetic control. From the present experimental data, here we concluded that EE-WMN displayed potential anti diabetic activity against streptozocin induced rats at 200 and 300 mg/kg. b. wt which was proved by assessment of bioanalytes from serum and urine sample and this anti diabetic activity was mainly due to the presence of carotenoids lycopene which was characterized by UV, FT-IR, 1H and 13C-NMR, APCI, HPLC spectrometry.

Effects of a Watermelon Extract Beverage on Canine Lipid Metabolism and Urine Crystals

Previous report showed that watermelon consumption has an anti-obesity effects in rats. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects on body weight, body fat percentage, serum biochemical data, serum adipokine concentrations (leptin, adiponectin, and resistin), urine specific gravity and sediments when 12 dogs were given watermelon extract beverage instead of water for 3 months. Those data were all assessed before the study period and again at 1.5 and 3 months. Although there were no remarkable changes in most of these parameters, a significant decrease in serum leptin concentrations at 1.5 and 3 months. Calcium oxalate and struvite crystals were observed in the urinary sediment in five dogs; although their urine specific gravities remained >1.040 throughout, the number of urinary crystals had decreased by the end of the 3-month period. Morphological components were not found in the urinary sediment of the other five dogs; their urine specific gravities were also >1.040 before the study period and at 1.5 months, but these had decreased to <1.040 at 3 months. These results suggested that drinking the watermelon extract beverage reduced serum leptin levels and inhibited the formation of urine crystals such as calcium oxalate and struvite crystals in dogs.

Development of emulsion containing watermelon extract for skin aging

Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb) Matsum and Nakai] is rich in vitamins C and B complex, and the red color of its pulp is due to the presence of lycopene. Lycopene is an antioxidant component and it is able to neutralize free radicals especially responsible for skin aging. Thus, a formulation containing lycopene extracted from watermelon was developed, and its physical-chemical stability and in vitro antioxidant activity were evaluated. For this, watermelon endocarp was separated and heated for pulp obtainment. Lycopene was extracted from watermelon pulp with acetone and ether successively, spectrometric quantified, and finally had its in vitro antioxidant activity determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The resulting extract was then incorporated in an emulsion, which was submitted to physical-chemical stability study at different conditions. Results show the presence of 38 µg of lycopene/g of watermelon pulp and 68.78% of DPPH inhibition, presenting antioxidant activity by in vitro assay. The developed formulation was stable when submitted to stress conditions and results point that it should be conserved in opaque packaging. Thus, it was possible to conclude that lycopene extract from watermelon pulp can be considered as a source of antioxidant component to be used in cosmetic formulation combating skin aging. Key words: Antioxidant, cosmetic, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), lycopene, watermelon.

Phyto-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the rind extract of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) under photo-catalyzed condition and investigation of its antibacterial, anticandidal and antioxidant efficacy

The biological synthesis of nanoparticles has gained tremendous interest, and plants and plant extracts are preferred over other biological sources for this process because of their rich content of bioactive metabolites. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were produced utilizing the aqueous extract of watermelon rind (WRA), an agricultural waste material under photo exposed condition at room temperature, and tested for their antibacterial, anticandidal and antioxidant activities. The synthesized AgNPs showed surface plasmon resonance at 425nm with an average size of 109.97nm. The morphology and elemental composition was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) confirmed that the bioactive compounds from the WRA extract were involved in the synthesis and capping of AgNPs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the crystallite nature of the AgNPs. The AgNPs exhibited strong broad spectrum antibacterial activity against five different foodborne bacteria with zones of inhibition 9.12–14.54mm in diameter. When AgNPs were mixed with kanamycin and rifampicin the mixture exhibited strong antibacterial synergistic activity. The AgNPs also exerted strong synergistic anticandidal activity when they were combined with amphotericin b. The AgNPs had high antioxidant activity and reducing power. Overall, the results confirmed the bio-potentials of the synthesized AgNPs using WRA, which could have applications in the biomedical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food preservation and packaging industries.

Watermelon extract reduces blood pressure but does not change sympathovagal balance in prehypertensive and hypertensive subjects

Previous studies have shown that watermelon extract reduces blood pressure through vasodilation. However, those studies have not verified whether sympathetic nervous activity is influenced by watermelon extract. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with watermelon extract for 6 weeks on blood pressure and sympathovagal balance of prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals. Forty volunteers participated in a randomized, double-blind, experimental and placebo-controlled study. They consumed 6 g of watermelon extract daily (n = 20; age 48.7 ± 1.9 years, 10 men) or a placebo (n = 20; age 47.4 ± 1.2 years, 11 men) for 6 weeks. Blood pressure and cardiac autonomic modulation were measured. Watermelon extract promoted a significant reduction in systolic (137.8 ± 3.9 to 126.0 ± 4.0 mmHg, p < 0.0001) and diastolic (79.2 ± 2.2 to 72.3 ± 2.0 mmHg, p < 0.001) blood pressure, but showed no differences compared to the placebo group. This significant reduction in blood pressure occurred without a significant change in sympathovagal balance from the beginning (1.7 ± 0.1) to the end of the study (1.7 ± 0.4). In conclusion, supplementation with watermelon extract reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure in prehypertensive and hypertensive individuals, but does not alter the cardiac autonomic modulation of these individuals.

Supplementation with Watermelon Extract Reduces Total Cholesterol and LDL Cholesterol in Adults with Dyslipidemia under the Influence of the MTHFR C677T Polymorphism

Dyslipidemia and genetic polymorphisms are associated with increased risk for developing cardiovascular diseases, and watermelon appears to have the potential to improve hyperlipidemia due to the presence of nutrients such as arginine and citrulline. Objective: To test the hypolipidemic effect of watermelon extract (Citrullus lanatus) and the influence of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype (MTHFR C677T) on supplementation response. Methods: This is an experimental clinical phase II randomized and double-blind study. Forty-three subjects with dyslipidemia were randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental (n = 22) and control (n = 21) groups. The subjects were supplemented daily for 42 days with 6 g of watermelon extract or a mixture of carbohydrates (sucrose/glucose/fructose). Results: The use of watermelon extract reduced plasma total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.01) without modifying triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein values. Only carriers of the T allele (MTHFR C677T) showed decreasing concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.01). No changes in anthropometric parameters analyzed were observed. This is the first study to demonstrate the beneficial effect of the consumption of watermelon extract in reducing plasma levels of lipids in humans. The MTHFR C677T polymorphism did not affect the plasma lipid concentration but made individuals more responsive to treatment with watermelon. Conclusions: The consumption of this functional food represents an alternative therapy in the combined treatment of patients with dyslipidemia, promoting health and minimizing the development of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.

New Methods Of Plant Selection For Food Aroma Recovery Aided By Oxidation Processes

Abstract This paper presents a novel approach to the selection of plants to restore the lost aroma based on the oxidation processes. The predisposition of raw material components to lipid oxidation is the basis of selection criteria. It was determined that the content of unsaturated fatty acids in the lipid extract of watermelon, pumpkin, cucumbers is 30-40%, the ratio of linoleic and linolenic acids in fruit is different. The formation of diene conjugates and hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde after various processing treatment methods is shown. The efficiency of aroma restoration depends on the number of formed 9-, 13- hydroperoxides that serve as a substrate for aroma-forming enzymes. The antioxidant capacity and the oxidation-reduction potential of fresh fruits and fruits after cooking have been analyzed. These characteristics determine the fruit ability to repeated formation of aromatic components. It has been ascertained that gourds have sufficient potential to restore aroma by exogenous lipoxygenases.

Efficient One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of 3,4,5-Substituted Furan-2(5H)-ones Catalyzed Watermelon Juice

A simple, efficient, and environmentally benign protocol for the synthesis of 3,4,5-substituted furan-2(5H)-ones has been achieved using extract of watermelon as a natural catalyst. We found, for the first time, that the extract of watermelon could effectively catalyze The condensation reaction of aldehydes, amines, and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates to 3,4,5-substituted furan-2(5H)-ones in excellent yields under mild conditions. The low cost, easy availability of the catalyst, and simple reaction conditions suggest the possible use of the present method for large scale preparations.

Comparative Investigation of the Antibacterial and Antifungal Potentials of the Extracts of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Rind and Seed

Aim: To investigate the antibacterial and antifungal potentials of the crude ethanol and aqueous extracts of watermelon (Citrullus lanantus) rind and seed. Study Design: The fruits were purchased from a local market and identified in the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria by a taxonomist. The rind and seed samples were extracted using ethanol (95%) and water and the crude extracts screened for antibacterial and antifungal potentials. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria and National Root Crops Research Institute Umudike, Nigeria, between August, 2014 and November, 2014. Methodology: The ethanol and aqueous extracts of watermelon (Citrullus lanantus) rind (EER and AER) and seed (EES and AES), each at a concentration of 100 mg/ml, were investigated by welldiffusion method for activity against ten pathogens. Results: The EER exhibited the highest activity against the bacterium, Esherichia coli (6.0) and the fungus, Candida albican (4.0). The least activity was in the EES against the fungus, Trichosporo bepelli (0) followed by EER and AES against the bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus (1.0). For the Original Research Article Cemaluk; EJMP, 9(4): 1-7, 2015; Article no.EJMP.18142 2 bacterial strains, the highest mean activity (4.0) and mean susceptibility (4.50), respectively was in the EER and Esherichia coli whereas the least mean activity (3.0) and mean susceptibility (1.50), respectively was in AES and Staphylococcus aureus. For the fungal strains, the highest mean activity (2.5) and mean susceptibility (3.0), respectively was in the EER, AER, AES and Candida albican whereas the least mean activity (1.25) and mean susceptibility (1.25) was in EES and Trichosporo bepelli. The activity against the studied pathogens however was higher in the EE than in the AE of the rind and seed, suggesting the preference to the EE for higher pharmacologic activity. Conclusion: The extracts (EER, AER, EES and AES) exhibited activity against the tested strains, especially Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The study underscores the overriding potency of EER against the bacterium, Escherichia coli and the fungus, Candida albicans, and the nonsusceptibility of the fungus, Trichosporo bepelli to EES. Further works, however are needed to validate reliability and possible exploitation in nutraceutical formulations and in ethnomedication.

Identification of citrulline in different parts of watermelon by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

Watermelon is one of the commonly consumed fruits in many of countries. This highly consumed fruit, once being only a summer food is currently becoming an everyday fruit [1]. The aim of this work was to identify bioactive compounds in rind and edible part of watermelon from different cultivars (crimson sweet, augusta, baba, motril, toro, veronica, dolce, perla negra, azabache, style and alongada). Quality parameters were also determined (pH, acidity, total soluble solids, lycopene, total phenolic and antioxidant activity). Liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry was used for the tentatively identification of compounds. Analyzing chromatograms of edible part and rind, we observed distinct profiles and in both rind and edible part we could identify citrulline. Citrulline is used in the nitric oxide system in humans and has potential antioxidant and vasodilatation roles. Based on obtained results citrulline was more abundant in edible part comparatively with rind in the most cultivars (Figure 1). Significant differences were found in citrulline values when comparing cultivars. Principal component analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of citrulline with quality parameters. Citrulline demonstrates negative correlation within pH, total soluble solids and lycopene, in edible part, whereas in rind the citrulline levels were independent from these parameters. In conclusion these results indicate that watermelon is a natural and rich source of the non-essential amino acid citrulline. Furthermore, watermelon rind shown that is a rich source of citrulline and may yield a useful product from an agricultural waste. Keywords: citrulline, watermelon, LC-MS/MS

Pengaruh Paparan Radiasi Gamma dan Pemberian Ekstrak Bagian Putih Buah Semangka (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad) Terhadap Kesehatan Ginjal Pada Hewan Coba Mencit

Cancer is a worldwide problem. People take medication in late stadium therefore radioteraphy plays important role in healing cancer. Side effect of cancer therapy such as cancers of urethra, colon, stomach or rectum may have bad influence for kidney which causes the decrease kidney function. Goal of this research is to understand the influence of gamma radiation on urine and kidney tubules necrosis. Mice assigned into two groups, which are extract and non-extract radiation groups. Each group has five variations of radiation doses, including 200rad, 250rad, 300rad, 350rad, and 400rad. White part extract of watermelon ( Citrullus vulgaris Schrad ) also used with five variations including 0.3mL, 0.6mL, 0.9mL and 1.2mL. Non-extract radiation group was only exposed to radiation without treatment with white part extract of watermelon. Profile of kidney health can be seen from the percentage of epithelium, erythrocyte and leukocyte after mice were put into metabolism cage for 24hours and percentage of kidney tubules necrosis observed under Microscope BX-51 and analyzed with Ms.Excel. Result of research concludes that gamma radiation increase epithelium, erythrocyte and leukocyte in urine, and kidney tubules necrosis. White part extract of watermelon can improve kidney health by reducing the percentage of epithelium, erythrocyte leukocyte and kidney tubules necrosis of mouse.

Optimization preparation of the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using watermelon and study of itsantibacterial activity

The field of nanotechnology is the most active area of research in modern materials science. There is increased demand on nanoparticles because of their wide applicability in various areas; for example, electronics, catalysis, chemistry, energy and medicine. Commonly, silver nanoparticles are fabricated using toxic and flammable chemicals. Therefore, the aim of this work is to find a cost effective and environment-friendly technique for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution using watermelon extract. The different parameters were optimised for the fabrication of silver nanoparticles including the contact time, concentration of watermelon extract, concentration of silver nitrate solution, reactant ratio, and reaction temperature. The fabricated nanoparticles were characterised using different instruments such as UV-Vis spectrophotometry and their size determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while the element composition of the sample was obtained from the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum. The antibacterial effect of the fabricated silver nanoparticles against two human pathogens Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) was studied and the obtained results confirm the fact that SNPs have the antibacterial property of nanoparticles.

Antioxidant activity of a hydrothermal extract from watermelons

In this study, the antioxidant activity of hydrothermal extracts of different parts of watermelons (flesh, white rind, and green rind) was evaluated. Each part of the watermelons was extracted at temperatures ranging from 100 °C to 300 °C for 10, 30, or 60 min. The highest total phenol content was observed for the green rind extracted at 300 °C for 30 min with 7626.52 μg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, whereas the phenol content of the untreated green rind extract was 715.15 μg GAE/g. The antioxidant activity of the watermelon parts increased with increase in treatment temperature and time. In GC–MS analysis, catechol, 4-methylcatechol, pyrogallol, and 1,2,4-benzenetriol were detected after hydrothermal extraction at 300 °C for 30 min. These results indicate that hydrothermal extraction is an efficient process for increasing the antioxidant activity of watermelon extracts.

Anti-obesity effects of watermelon extract on rats fed high-fat diet

Anti-obesity effects of watermelon extract on rats fed high-fat diet

Matrix isopotential synchronous fluorescence spectrometry for the determination of gibberellic acid in watermelon after ultraviolet-irradiation

The determination of gibberellic acid in watermelon was performed by means of first derivative matrix isopotential synchronous fluorescence spectrometry in combination with photochemically induced fluorescence, without the need for tedious pre-separation. Its photochemical reactivity by effect of UV irradiation boosting the fluorescence is in agreement with the occurrence of photoaromatization and photochemical dimerization processes, with loss of carbon dioxide, and the probable formation of several fluorescent photoproducts. Watermelon extract presents a high native fluorescence, which drastically diminishes under UV irradiation treatment. The analyses were performed in 50% (v/v) methanol and pH 5 buffer solution, using 6 min as UV irradiation time in a flow photoreactor. The concentration of gibberellic acid in watermelon samples can be calculated by recording its total luminescence spectrum and applying the isopotential trajectory of the watermelon matrix that cuts the selected band of gibberellic acid. The unknown analytical signal of watermelon is eliminated in the matrix isopotential synchronous fluorescence spectrum obtained, by means of its first derivative. The calibration graph was linear between 40 and 200 ng mL−1 of gibberellic acid with a detection limit of 0.14 ng mL−1 and the obtained value of repeatability of the method was a standard deviation of 1.9%.

The Effects of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Extracts and l-Citrulline on Rat Uterine Contractility

In uterine smooth muscle, the effects of watermelon and its citrulline content are unknown. The aims of this study were therefore, to determine the effects of watermelon extract and citrulline on the myometrium and to investigate their mechanisms of action. The effects of extracts of watermelon flesh and rind and L-citrulline (64 μmol/L) were evaluated on 3 types of contractile activity; spontaneous, those elicited by potassium chloride (KCl) depolarization, or oxytocin (10 nmol/L) application in isolated rat uterus. Inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) and its mechanisms of action, N ω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME, 100 μmol/L), LY83583 (1 μmol/L), and tetraethylamonium chloride (5 mmol/L), as well as Ca signaling pathways, were determined. Both flesh and rind extracts significantly decreased the force produced by all 3 mechanisms, in a dose-dependent manner. The extracts could also significantly decrease the force under conditions of sustained high Ca levels (depolarization and agonist) and when the force was produced only by sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca release. L-citrulline produced the same effects on force as watermelon extracts. With submaximal doses of extract, the additive effects of L-citrulline were found. The inhibitory effects of extracts and L-citrulline were reversed upon the addition of NO inhibitors, and pretreatment of tissues with these inhibitors prevented the actions of both extracts and L-citrulline. Thus, these data show that watermelon and citrulline are potent tocolytics, decreasing the force produced by calcium entry and SR release and arising by different pathways, including oxytocin stimulation. Their major mechanism is to stimulate the NO-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) relaxant pathway.

Optimizing application frequency of diluted (3%) fermented Cucumis africanus fruit in tomato production and nematode management

A microplot experiment was conducted to determine application interval of fermented crude extracts of wild watermelon (Cucumis africanus) fruit for optimum growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants and suppression of the southern root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita) nematode. Four-week-old tomato cultivar ‘Floradade’ seedlings were each inoculated with 5000 second-stage juveniles of M. incognita race 2 with 3% dilution of fermented crude extracts applied through drip irrigation at 1, 2, 3 and 4 times per 30-day month. At 56 days after the treatment, plant variables and increasing application frequencies had quadratic relationships, with the model explaining 63–99% total treatment variation in variables. Mean integrated optimum application frequency was 2.4 weeks, which translated to an optimum 17-day application interval. At this interval, final nematode population densities were low. In conclusion, at 3% dilution fermented crude extracts from C. africanus fruit could be applied at 17-day interval for interruption of the nematode life cycle and improvement of tomato plant growth.

Profiling of phenolic and other polar constituents from hydro-methanolic extract of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) by means of accurate-mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS)

Watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (formerly Citrullus vulgaris), is a natural and rich source of the phytochemical compounds. In this regard, the use of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray–quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS) has shown to be a powerful technique for the characterization of phenolic and other polar compounds from a hydro-methanolic extract of watermelon. Thus, in the present work, 71 polar compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, iridoids, coumarins, lignan, and other phenolic derivatives have been detected and characterized by using MS and MS/MS data provided by the QTOF–MS, in addition to using the relevant literature on the same botanical family. Watermelon flesh was found to contain an array of diverse phytochemical components. These results indicate that watermelon offers a good source of natural phyto-components.

Watermelon extract supplementation reduces ankle blood pressure and carotid augmentation index in obese adults with prehypertension or hypertension

Ankle-brachial index (ABI) and ankle blood pressure (BP) are associated with increased carotid wave reflection (augmentation index, AIx). Oral L-citrulline and L-arginine from synthetic or watermelon sources have reduced brachial BP, aortic BP, and aortic AIx. A directly measured carotid AIx (cAIx) rather than aortic AIx has been proposed as a better measurement of central AIx. We evaluated the effects of watermelon extract on ankle BP and cAIx in individuals with normal ABI and prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension. Ankle and brachial systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cAIx, ABI, and heart rate (HR) were evaluated in the supine position in 14 adults (11 women/3 men, age 58 ± 1 years) with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension (153 ± 4 mm Hg). Subjects were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of watermelon extract supplementation (L-citrulline/L-arginine, 6 g daily) or placebo followed by a 2-week washout period and then crossover. Ankle and brachial SBP (-11.5 ± 3.8 and -15.1 ± 2.8 mm Hg), DBP (-7.8 ± 2.3 and -7.6 ± 1.8 mm Hg), and MAP (-9.8 ± 2.6 and -7.3 ± 1.8 mm Hg), and cAIx (-8.8 ± 2.6 %) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) after watermelon supplementation compared to placebo. Watermelon supplementation had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on ABI and HR. This study shows that watermelon extract supplementation reduces ankle BP, brachial BP, and carotid wave reflection in obese middle-aged adults with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension and normal ABI, which may reflect improved arterial function.

Enhancing hepatoprotective bioactives of phyllanthus amarus through immobilization by growth promoters and media changes.

The present paper describes enhancement of lignans, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin present in Phyllanthus amarus plant. Supplementation was done to enhance secondary metabolites by modifying the media and treatment with different growth promoters and abiotic elicitors to increase the content of hepatoprotective bioactives in immobilized cell cultures, after incubation for 21 days. MS medium was supplemented with gibberellic acid and to make whole process commercially viable, when coconut water, sugarcane juice and water-melon extract were treated, it was revealed that watermelon extract, enhances maximum phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin yield followed by sugarcane juice, coconut water and gibberellic acid after estimation by HPTLC. The present method was found to be accurate, economical and viable to enhance the content of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin in P. amarus for large-scale commercial production.