Propylene Glycol Water Research Articles

LESION STERILISATION AND TISSUE REPAIR OF PRIMARY TEETH

BACKGROUND Lesion sterilization and tissue repair is also known as non-instrumental endodontic therapy. It involves the use of combination of antibiotics drugs on infected pulp tissue and root canals after getting access to the root canal orifices of the primary teeth. Various combination of antibiotics had been used by some dentists with macrogol , polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, normal saline or sterile water as the solvent or vehicle used. METHODS An electronic literature search in Science direct and Google was done in December, 2023 using the Population, Concept and Context framework. Search terms and keywords were combined by Boolean operators. Two independent investigators screened titles and abstracts of publications on lesion sterilization and tissue repair of primary teeth. Original research articles, case report, case series with accessible full text were included for review, while review articles, systematic reviews, viewpoints, books, letters, thesis, editorials, book chapters, dissertations and perspectives were among articles excluded during screening. RESULTS One case report was identified from Morocco, a case series from Nigeria and randomized controlled trial from Egypt respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lesion sterilization and tissue repair or non-instrumental endodontic therapy can be a treatment option for primary teeth with infected pulp and root canals .More studies from diverse ethnic population in Africa countries will fill the gaps in knowledge and add to the existing literature.

Formulation and Evaluation Herbal Gel from Psidium Guajava and Jasminium Officinali for Mouth Ulcer Treatment

Abstract: India has long employed traditional or herbal medicine to diagnose, treat, and prevent illness. The study's objective was to create and assess a herbal gel that contained extract from jasmine officinale and Psidium guajava for the treatment of mouth ulcers. Herbal gel made using powdered extracts of Psidium guajava and Jasminum officinale at varying concentrations. Psidium guajava has high antifungal and antibacterial action and is used to treat a number of illnesses, including diabetes mellitus, diarrhea, rheumatism, wounds in the throat, and coughs. Tannins, flavonoids, triterpene, quercetin, pentacycline, triterpenoids, gujanoic acid, saponins, carotenoids, lectin, ellugic acid, sitosterol, and oleanolic acid are found in Psidium guajava leaves, whereas the properties of Jasmine Officinale include analgesic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, stomachic, astringent, stimulating, and sedative effects. Alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, steroids, essential oil, and saponin are among its constituents.Guava and jasmine leaf extracts, Carbopol 934, propylene glycol, propyl paraben, methyl paraben, triethanolamine, and distilled water were used to make the herbal gel formulation. To keep the pH between 7 and7.5, triethanolamine was added. The evaluation's viscosity, homogeneity, PH, and spreadability parameters. The gel strength and extruadability were ascertained.The results indicate that all assessment parameters found to be acceptable with the normal range were discovered in the optimized herbal gel formulation containing extracts from guava and jasmine leaves. For the treatment of oral ulcers, the herbal formulation proved to be more stable, safe, and successful than the synthetic formulation.

Effect of Ag/PVP nanoparticle additives on the specific heat capacity of secondary coolants, based on the water, propylene glycol–water, and isopropanol systems

Effect of Ag/PVP nanoparticle additives on the specific heat capacity of secondary coolants, based on the water, propylene glycol–water, and isopropanol systems

Experimental aggregative stability study of Ag/PVP nanoparticles in colloidal solutions, based on the water, propylene glycol-water, and isopropanol systems

Experimental aggregative stability study of Ag/PVP nanoparticles in colloidal solutions, based on the water, propylene glycol-water, and isopropanol systems

An alginate-Based tube gel delivering 2-deoxy-D-ribose for stimulation of wound healing.

Developing multifunctional wound dressings capable of inducing rapid angiogenesis and with antibacterial activity would be attractive for diabetic and superficial wound healing. Hydrogels delivered from tubes have several desirable features -they are easy to apply, keep the wound moist, reduce the entry of microorganisms and avoid the need for painful dressing removal. Previously we reported that 2 deoxy-D-ribose (2dDR) delivered from a variety of dressings is capable of promoting wound healing by stimulating angiogenesis. Alginate hydrogels are an ideal vehicle to deliver a bioactive agent capable of promoting wound healing. In this study we developed and evaluated a tube hydrogel capable of delivering 2dDR with the aim of achieving a stable, convenient to administer and biologically effective wound treatment. Further, we included the stabilizer 2-phenoxy ethanol which provided antimicrobial activity. We synthesized hydrogels by the Green method, using simple mixing of sodium alginate, propylene glycol, 2-phenoxy ethanol and 2dDR in water. FTIR (Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy) analysis confirmed an absence of undesirable chemical changes in the gel components, and SEM images of the freeze-dried gels showed porous structures. When 2dDR alginate gel (2dDR-SA hydrogel) was placed in PBS at 37°C, almost 92% of 2dDR was released within 7days. When tested on cultured cells, 2dDR-SA hydrogels did not inhibit metabolic activity or proliferation, achieving up to 90 and 98% of control respectively over 7days. 2dDR-SA hydrogel also showed anti-bacterial activity against E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and MRSA which was attributable to the stabilizer 2-phenoxy ethanol in the hydrogel. Stimulation of angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane assay by 2dDR-SA hydrogel was found to be significant compared to the blank-SA. Wound healing potential was studied in full-thickness wounds in rats where acceleration of wound healing was seen. H&E staining of the wound tissue showed an enhanced number of blood vessels and re-epithelization, and a reduced number of inflammatory cells in 2dDR-SA treated animals compared to blank-hydrogels while Masson's trichrome staining showed increased collagen deposition. In summary we describe a convenient to apply hydrogel which has promise for use in a range of superficial skin wounds including applications in chronic wound care.

Evaluation of electrical properties of graphene nanopowder-dispersed propylene glycol-water solutions

Nanofluids, which are suspensions of nanoparticles in base fluids, have gained significant attention in recent years due to their enhanced thermal and electrical properties. In particular, propylene glycol-water nanofluids have been extensively investigated for their electrical properties. The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the electrical characteristics of nanofluids containing graphene powder distributed in propylene glycol-water. Compositions containing 100:0, 75:25, as well as 50:50 of Propylene Glycol as well as Water were created, along with other nano fluids. Both types of base fluids were infused with graphene at quantities of 0.25 as well as 0.5 percent, respectively. The assessment of electrical characteristics in nanofluids includes the analysis of parameters like breakdown voltage, permittivity, resistivity, and electrical conductivity. With the increase in the diameter there is an increase in the value of resistivity with the dispersion of graphene nano powder whereas breakdown voltage, permittivity and electrical conductivity have been decreased with the increase in the diameter. Overall with the dispersion of graphene in nano powder the electrical properties have been enhanced. Furthermore, it discusses the underlying mechanisms and provides insights into potential applications of propylene glycol-water nanofluids in electrical and electronic systems.

Experimental investigation on boiling regime transformation when the binary-droplet impact on the superheated surface

This experimental study focuses on the phenomena induced by thermal effects after a two-component droplet of propylene glycol water impinges on a hot substrate. The visualization experiment revealed that this phenomenon is characterized by a shift in the boiling regime of the droplets, which exhibits different transformation patterns with changes in surface temperature and propanediol concentration. On the basis of high-speed camera sequence images, a temperature-concentration regime map is created. Qualitative analysis is performed on the causes of the boiling transformation, as well as the wall temperatures and concentration intervals at which it might occur. The time at which the boiling regime transformation occurs can be determined by analyzing the secondary droplets. In addition, the effects of various boiling regimes and propylene glycol concentrations on the size and velocity distribution of secondary droplets are briefly investigated.

Electrochemical Studies of Inkjet Printed Semi-Transparent NiCo2O4/ITO Supercapacitor Electrodes

Transparent supercapacitors find a large number of applications as components of many electronic devices and circuits. Mixed Ni–Co oxides (NCOs) are among the most promising supercapacitor electrode materials exhibiting high pseudo-capacitance and good electronic conductivity, while inkjet printing is a low cost and versatile technique for electrode printing. Surprisingly, although there have been many studies of NCO supercapacitor films on ITO glass substrates, these have not been prepared by the inkjet technique, and their optical properties were not fully characterized. Hereby, we report the fabrication and characterization of thin (295 and 477 nm thick; 0.017 and 0.035 mg cm−2 NCO loading) semi-transparent NiCo2O4/ITO supercapacitor electrodes, showing transparency to visible light (60–30%, from the thinner to the thicker electrode layers tested), typical mass specific capacitance for NCO-based supercapacitor electrodes (1294–829 Fg−1 at 1 mA cm−2 discharge current density) and high volumetric capacitance (746–608 F cm−3 at 1 mA cm−2). The NCO nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis followed by thermal treatment and ball milling (ZrO2 balls, 0.5 mm diameter), resulting in a cubic nickel–cobalt oxide structure and particle size in the 30–150 nm range, whereas the electrode layers were printed from water-propylene glycol solutions using a Dimatix DMP-2850 drop-on-demand (DoD) inkjet printer. Constant current charge–discharge experiments of the supercapacitor electrode (at ca 0.5 mA cm−2) for 1000 cycles confirmed stability of performance.

Formulation and Evaluation of Buccal film of Rabeprazole sodium

Novel drug delivery systems are designed to ensure continuous delivery of drugs in predictable and reproducible kinetics over prolonged time. Buccal drug delivery system localizes the delivery of drug to tissues in the oral cavity for treatment of bacterial and fungal infection as in various periodontal diseases. This study aimed to formulate buccal film of rabeprazole drug with Hibiscus rosasinensis mucilage and Basil leaves extract. It improves therapeutic efficacy, patient compliance and the bioavailability. The present formulation targets oral ulcers that will remain in the application site for a longer period and minimizing the side effects. rabeprazole sodium, Hibiscus rosasinensis mucilage and Basil leaves extract was used for Pharmacological activity and incorporated into the buccal film prepared by solvent casting method. In the present study six formulations of rabeprazole alone and in combination with Hibiscus rosasinensis mucilage and Basil leaves extract were prepared as buccal films, by solvent casting technique. Six The F1–F6 formulations contain rabeprazole sodium, Hibiscus rosasinensis mucilage, Basil leaves HPMC, Polyvinyl alcohol, Sodium alginate, and Propylene glycol and Distilled water. Prepared film was evaluated for different parameter including pH, thickness, weight variation, folding endurance, moisture uptake and moisture content, swellability, drug content, tensile strength, in vitro drug release and stability studies. The Formulation F3was considered as ideal film with maximum release of 98.90%. F3 shows maximum disintegration time of 25 min, tensile strength of 6.98. The drug content of the formulation F3 was found to be 98.47%. The maximum moisture content showed in F4 and minimum in F2. Stability of this film was also monitored for 2 months without having any signs of deterioration, difference in pH, drug content and drug release. This study demonstrates the prospective use of buccal films as a viable and alternative approach for effective delivery of rabeprazole in treatment of Oral ulcers.

Finite element analysis for sand and paraffin wax nanoparticles in propylene glycol–water mixture-based hybrid nanofluid flow over a swirling cylinder with Arrhenius kinetics

This study aims to investigate the impact of activation energy on the flow of a hybrid nanofluid over a rotating stretching cylinder with torsional motion and a heat source/sink. The paraffin wax-sand-propylene glycol–water-based hybrid nanofluid has been used in the study. By adopting appropriate similarity transformations, the modeled partial differential equations are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations, which are then solved using the finite element method. The numerical integration’s validity and reliability, as well as the newly obtained discoveries, were thoroughly analyzed. Results reveal that the larger Reynolds number values enhance the system’s inertial force, which resists the liquid accelerating force and declines both velocities and heat transport. The heat source/sink parameter has a favorable impact on the thermal profile, but larger Schmidt number values restrict mass transfer. The improved values of the chemical reaction rate parameter augment the mass transport rate, but nondimensional activation energy parameter has negative impact on Sherwood number.

МИОТОНИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА ЛАПЧАТКИ ПРЯМОСТОЯЧЕЙ

The scientific article describes the results of studying the myotonic properties of the water-propylene glycol extract of Potentilla erecta l., which, as it was found, is a promising means for the treatment of cows with postpartum endometritis. The contractile properties of the Potentilla extract are manifested within 40-60 min after intrauterine administration, promoting the removal of pathological exudate from the genital organs of a sick female. The use of a water-propylene glycol extract of Potentilla erecta reduces the treatment time for cows with postpartum purulent-catarrhal endometritis by 1.2 days.

Three-dimensional coupled flow and heat transfer in non-newtonian magnetic nanofluid: An application of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model

This article has been fine-tuned with studying the three-dimensional laminar flow of a magnetic liquid over a stretching sheet with the influence of thermal radiation and Cattaneo-Christov heat flux. Moreover, this article mainly focuses on moderate saturation magnetization and low Curie temperature. The dynamics of propylene glycol –paraffin wax nanofluid + water mixture and zinc oxide (ZnO)-SAE50 Nano-lubricant fluid flow is examined. The modeling equations are converted into non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the required similarity transformations. The Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg fourth-to-fifth order (RKF-45) technique is used to solve the resultant non-linear ODEs numerically. Numerous regulating factors that affect the velocity and temperature profiles are examined via graphs. Research of the present study has shown that Deborah number accounts for the decelerating radial and tangential flow of both nanolubricant and nanofluids. The ZnO-SAE50 Nano-lubricant flow shows high heat transfer and increases faster followed by propylene glycol – water mixture + paraffin wax nanofluid flow for the increase in values of radiation parameter. The ZnO-SAE50 Nano-lubricant flow shows high heat transfer rate than propylene glycol–water mixture-based nanoliquid for rising values of radiation parameter.

Determination of fluorescence quantum yields and decay times of NADH and FAD in water–alcohol mixtures: The analysis of radiative and nonradiative relaxation pathways

Combined studies on fluorescence quantum yield of coenzymes NADH and FAD in water–methanol, water–ethanol and water–propylene glycol mixtures and on time-resolved fluorescence of these molecules under excitation at 450 and 355 nm by means of time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) method have been carried out. A novel model that allowed to separate the contributions from several excited state relaxation mechanisms to fluorescence dynamics in the pico- and nanosecond time domains and to fluorescence quantum yield was developed and used for analysis of experimental data. The results indicated the existence of at least two different nonradiative relaxation mechanisms in NADH and FAD: a relatively slow nanosecond and a much faster picosecond ones. The analysis suggested that the increase of NADH fluorescence quantum yield with all alcohols concentration occurred mainly due to relatively slow nanosecond non-radiative and radiative relaxation mechanisms related with the change of conformation distributions, while the picosecond fluorescence quenching was found to have practically the same and conformation-insensitive value in water–monohydric alcohol mixtures. Similar conclusion was made for NADH in water–propylene glycol solutions where however a moderate decrease of the picosecond quenching rate was determined at high propylene glycol concentrations that was attributed to a slowdown of picosecond quenching under high viscosity conditions. In the case of FAD the analysis suggested that the dramatic rise of fluorescence quantum yield with alcohol concentration was mostly due to the conformation-sensitive picosecond quenching. This conclusion supports the known mechanism of the picosecond fluorescence quenching in FAD through electron transfer reaction in the π-stacked conformation between isoalloxazine and adenine moieties. Radiative decay times in NADH and FAD were estimated from experimental data and found to be about 10 ns and 20–30 ns, respectively.

Dynamic characteristics of moving droplets impacting sessile droplets with different Reynolds numbers

The collision of moving droplets with sessile droplets is a common occurrence in fields of industry, including power generation, chemical engineering, and aerospace, among others. In this paper, the collision of propylene glycol, glycerol, and de-ionized water droplets is studied for given collision speeds and different volume ratios of moving and sessile droplets using high-speed photography. It is found that droplet collision at a speed of about 0.25 m/s leads to compression deformation, whereas collision at about 1.10 m/s typically produces features, such as a non-splashing liquid crown and a central liquid jet. In this paper, the main characteristics of the above phenomena are quantified, the influence of the Reynolds number at different volume ratios is studied, and the main phenomena are explained from the perspective of an energy analysis. The findings reported here are significant for the solution of practical engineering problems and improving the stability of equipment operation.

Performance analysis of liquid-based battery thermal management system for Electric Vehicles during discharge under drive cycles

The performance of an Electric Vehicle (EV) is determined by the battery pack's specific power, specific energy, self-discharging rate, and cycle life. However, these parameters are sensitive to temperature. Therefore, thermal management is the most critical factor defining a battery pack's performance in an EV. Even though thermal management of lithium-ion batteries has received a lot of attention, there has been minimal research on the performance of liquid based battery thermal management systems for Electric Vehicles for the actual drive cycles like the Indian drive Cycle and Federal Test Procedure (FTP-75) drive cycle. This study investigates the thermal behaviour of the Li-ion battery pack of an EV and the performance of a liquid-based battery thermal management system with various coolant options, such as Water, Water-Ethylene Glycol mixture, and Water-Propylene glycol mixture for both Indian Drive Cycle and FTP-75 (Federal Test Procedure) Drive Cycle. The numerical simulation is carried out for a battery pack with four modules, and liquid-based battery thermal management is designed at the pack level, considering the heat generated in the battery pack. The variation of battery pack temperature and cumulative energy consumption by the battery thermal management system (BTMS) is also investigated. The simulation model is designed in such a way that it tries to maintain a set battery pack temperature of 25 °C. Also, the effect of ambient temperature on the performance of the liquid cooling system has been analyzed. The results indicated that with the increase in ambient temperature the BTMS takes a longer time to cool the battery pack and cumulative energy consumption by the liquid based BTMS also increases for both the drive cycles. In the case of Water-Propylene glycol mixture, 25 % propylene glycol concentration is recommended, whereas in the case of Water-Ethylene glycol mixture, 50 % ethylene glycol concentration provides the best performance as both cumulative energy consumption by the battery thermal management system and temperature distribution in the battery pack are optimum.

Polarised fluorescence in FAD excited at 355 and 450 nm in water–propylene glycol solutions

Time-resolved polarised fluorescence in flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) in water–propylene glycol mixtures has been studied as a function of propylene glycol concentration using the TCSPC technique. The fluorescence was excited by picosecond laser pulses either at 450 nm or at 355 nm, the wavelengths that belong to the first and second FAD absorption bands, respectively. The global fit procedure was used for the determination of fluorescence decay times, corresponding weighting coefficients, initial anisotropy and rotational diffusion time from experiment. The experimental data manifested a double-exponential decay in the whole range of propylene glycol concentrations with the decay times τ 1 , τ 2 and weighting coefficients a 1 , a 2 . The coefficients a 1 and a 2 and the corresponding relative fluorescence quantum yields Q ( 1 ) r e l and Q ( 2 ) r e l were shown to change dramatically with addition of propylene glycol to the solution and demonstrated the domination of contribution of longer decay time at medium and high propylene glycol concentrations. The rotational diffusion time τ r o t manifested a sharp rise, up to 40 times with propylene glycol concentration that was practically proportional to solution viscosity. The initial anisotropy was determined to be equal to r 0 = 0.35 ± 0.03 and r 0 = 0.25 ± 0.02 under excitation at 450 nm and 355 nm, respectively. The dependence of fluorescence parameters on the solution viscosity and polarity was discussed taking into account FAD conformation distributions.

Entropy Generation and Statistical Analysis of MHD Hybrid Nanofluid Unsteady Squeezing Flow between Two Parallel Rotating Plates with Activation Energy

Squeezing flow is a flow where the material is squeezed out or disfigured within two parallel plates. Such flow is beneficial in various fields, for instance, in welding engineering and rheometry. The current study investigates the squeezing flow of a hybrid nanofluid (propylene glycol–water mixture combined with paraffin wax–sand) between two parallel plates with activation energy and entropy generation. The governing equations are converted into ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformations. The shooting strategy (combined with Runge–Kutta fourth order method) is applied to solve these transformed equations. The results of the conducted parametric study are explained and revealed in graphs. This study uses a statistical tool (correlation coefficient) to illustrate the impact of the relevant parameters on the engineering parameters of interest, such as the surface friction factor at both plates. This study concludes that the squeezing number intensifies the velocity profiles, and the rotating parameter decreases the fluid velocity. In addition, the magnetic field, rotation parameter, and nanoparticle volumetric parameter have a strong negative relationship with the friction factor at the lower plate. Furthermore, heat source has a strong negative relationship with heat transfer rate near the lower plate, and a strong positive correlation with the same phenomena near the upper plate. In conclusion, the current study reveals that the entropy generation is increased with the Brinkman number and reduced with the squeezing parameter. Moreover, the results of the current study verify and show a decent agreement with the data from earlier published research outcomes.

Fat and exposure to 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide causes histologic and inflammatory changes in murine livers.

Risk factors for liver cancer include tobacco use, alcohol consumption, obesity, and male sex. Administration of 4-nitroquinonline-1-oxide (4NQO) in drinking water mimics the effects of tobacco and leads to oral carcinoma in mice. This study compared the effects of diets high and low in saturated fat (HF and LF, respectively), and sex, on liver histopathology in 4NQO-treated mice and controls. We hypothesized that 4NQO would cause histopathological changes in liver, and that a HF diet would increase hepatic pathology when compared to the LF diet. Mice (C57Bl/6, 36/sex), were divided into a low fat (10 kcal% fat; LF) or high fat (60 kcal% fat, HF) diet. Mice were further subdivided into one of 3 water treatment groups for 17 weeks: water (control), vehicle (1.25% propylene glycol in water [PG]), or 4NQO in (50 μg/ml; 4NQO). All mice were subsequently given water alone for 6 more weeks. Upon euthanasia, livers were harvested, fixed, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). H&E slides were graded for histopathology; frozen liver samples were analyzed for triglyceride content. Trichrome stained sections were graded for fibrosis. CD3+ T cells, CD68+ macrophages, and Ly6+ neutrophils were detected by immunohistochemistry. Compared to water controls, 4NQO-treatment caused mouse liver histopathological changes such as fibrosis, and increases in hepatic neutrophils, T cells, and macrophages. HF diet exacerbated pathological changes compared to LF diet. Male controls, but not females, demonstrated severe steatosis and increased triglyceride content. 4NQO treatment decreased hepatic fat accumulation, even in animals on a HF diet. In conclusion, this murine model of oral cancer may serve as a model to study the effects of tobacco and diet on liver.

Squeezed flow of polyethylene glycol and water based hybrid nanofluid over a magnetized sensor surface: A statistical approach

Hybrid liquids having better energy transportation properties comparative to mono-fluids. Such materials have appliances in distinct areas like military equipment and solar collectors. When thermal radiation and heat source are significant, nothing is known on a comparative analysis between the dynamics of chemically reactive polyethylene glycol and water-zirconia nanofluid and polyethylene glycol and water-zirconia‑magnesium oxide hybrid nanofluid over a permeable sensor surface. The results are presented in two cases: hybrid nanofluid (propylene glycol-water mixture + zirconia+ magnesium oxide) and nanofluid (propylene glycol-water mixture + zirconia), using the Runge-Kutta fourth-order based shooting method. The squeezed flow index parameter reduces both fluid temperature and velocity, according to the study's main findings. When the squeezed flow index parameter is increased, the surface drag force decreases at a rate of 0.47936 (in the case of hybrid nanofluid). There is also a significant positive relationship between two parameters (chemical reaction and Schmidt number) and mass transmission rate. Both parameters are increasing at 0.870459 and 0.886875, respectively. Furthermore, it is discovered that the magnetic field improves fluid velocity (due to the squeezing of the upper plate) and heat transfer rate decreases at a rate of 1.50787 as the heat source parameter increases.

Formulasi dan Uji Efektivitas Sediaan Sirup Ekstrak Daun Kacapiring (Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis) Sebagai Antipiretik Terhadap Mencit (Mus musculus L) YANG DI INDUKSI VAKSIN DPT

Flavonoids in plate glass leaves (Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis) can inhibit the cyclooxygenase enzyme, especially cyclooxygenase-2, which plays a role in prostaglandin biosynthesis so that the process of fever is inhibited. In addition, flavonoids and paracetamol have a similar structure. The aim of this research was to test the syrup extract of G. jasminoides leaves to have antipyretic effectiveness against male mice (Mus musculus) induced by DPT vaccine. The research method used was experimental research. The research stages were plant determination, the manufacture of G. jasminoides leaf extract using the maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent, phytochemical screening, syrup formulation with the active substance of G. jasminoides leaf extract and additives in the form of saccharose, citric acid, grape essence, propylene glycol and distilled water. Antipyretic testing was carried out in vivo, namely the male mice were measured at the initial oral temperature, then injected intramuscularly with the DPT HB vaccine in the thigh, two hours after experiencing optimum fever (above normal temperature), then each group was treated with oral method, namely negative control (syrup basis), positive control (paracetamol syrup), ethanol extract syrup from G. jasminoides leaves dose 1; 3 and 5 mg / 20gBW. The results showed that extract G. jasminoides could be formulated into syrup preparations with good physical quality in terms of organoleptic, density, volume transferred and pH. The dose of G. jasminoides leaf extract syrup 5 mg/20Gbb was the most effective dose as an antipyretic in male mice induced with DPT vaccine with a total temperature reduction of 2oC.
 Keywords: antipyretic, gardenia, syrup.