Squeezed flow of polyethylene glycol and water based hybrid nanofluid over a magnetized sensor surface: A statistical approach

Abstract

Hybrid liquids having better energy transportation properties comparative to mono-fluids. Such materials have appliances in distinct areas like military equipment and solar collectors. When thermal radiation and heat source are significant, nothing is known on a comparative analysis between the dynamics of chemically reactive polyethylene glycol and water-zirconia nanofluid and polyethylene glycol and water-zirconia‑magnesium oxide hybrid nanofluid over a permeable sensor surface. The results are presented in two cases: hybrid nanofluid (propylene glycol-water mixture + zirconia+ magnesium oxide) and nanofluid (propylene glycol-water mixture + zirconia), using the Runge-Kutta fourth-order based shooting method. The squeezed flow index parameter reduces both fluid temperature and velocity, according to the study's main findings. When the squeezed flow index parameter is increased, the surface drag force decreases at a rate of 0.47936 (in the case of hybrid nanofluid). There is also a significant positive relationship between two parameters (chemical reaction and Schmidt number) and mass transmission rate. Both parameters are increasing at 0.870459 and 0.886875, respectively. Furthermore, it is discovered that the magnetic field improves fluid velocity (due to the squeezing of the upper plate) and heat transfer rate decreases at a rate of 1.50787 as the heat source parameter increases.