Water Hyacinth Ash Research Articles

RESEARCH BEHAVIOUR OF WATER HYACINTH ASH IN CONCRETE WITH A PARTIALLY REPLACED OF CEMENT

RESEARCH BEHAVIOUR OF WATER HYACINTH ASH IN CONCRETE WITH A PARTIALLY REPLACED OF CEMENT

Experimental investigation on properties of concrete with rice husk ash and water hyacinth ash

The purpose of this experimental investigation is to study the properties of concrete with Ricehusk ash (RHA) and Water hyacintha ash (WHA) when used as a partial replacement for cement. Ricehusk ash is a by- product of thermally treating rice husks. It is highly pozzolanic and has been used as a partial replacement for cement in concrete production and Water hyacinth grows vigorously in ponds and doubles the quantity within two weeks. The studies have been done to evaluate water hyacinth ash in the replacement of cement. This study seeks to determine the effect of RHA and WHA on the strength and other properties of concrete. To conduct this investigation, a series of concrete mixtures were prepared with various percentages of RHA (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) for finding the optimum percentage. To the optimum concrete made with rice husk ash different percentage of cement is replaced with water hyacinth ash (5%,10%,15%,20%) and the optimum is obtained. The mix proportions were determined according to the standards. The mixtures were then tested to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete. The results of the investigation showed that the replacement of cement by RHA enhanced the strength properties of concrete in 15% replacement of cement with RHA shows the maximum compressive strength value. The replacement of cement by WHA 10% with optimum RHA 15% enhanced the strength properties of concrete. Replacement of cement by 10% WHA with optimum RHA shows the maximum compressive and tensile value.

An Anova-Based Numerical Analysis of WHA Partial Replacement Concrete

In this work, a study exploiting concretes made with a bio-plant using natural waste is presented. The study examined the effects of partial cement substitution with bio-plants on the mechanical characteristics of conventional concretes and assessed the discrepancy between actual and expected elasticity modulus values. The usage of and effects on the modulus of elasticity of the partial replacement of concrete with WHA have been the subject of extensive research. Research was conducted in the area using various water-cement ratios coupled with water hyacinth ash and replacement percentages of cement. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used as a practical approach to verify normality. The supplied experimental data sets are used to train and evaluate the reliability predicting model. Thus, the study effort provides an overview of the numerical analysis performed using statistical techniques and the examination of the resulting data. The model's dependability is provided by the linear relationship between the Concrete mix% and with & without WHA. The 90C+10%WHA mixture performs better than conventional concrete.

Feasibility of Water Hyacinth Ash as an Accelerator in Cement Slurry Formulation

Cement is primarily used in drilling operations to protect the casing against the corrosive tendency of formation fluid and to support the casing with the external load on and around it. Cement slurry is formed by mixing water with Portland cement or with cement containing various essential additives as the case may be and pumping it down through to critical points in the annulus around the casing using various techniques. Class G cement is widely used in cementing jobs because it allows the use of accelerators and retarders for wide range of well depths and temperatures. Due to wait-on-cement time before commencement of drilling of the next section of the well, it is necessary to reduce the waiting time and it ripple effects on cost of drilling by introducing accelerator to the cement slurry. The chlorides of calcium, potassium and sodium are the commonly used accelerators. Water hyacinth ash have been known to contain high percentage of calcium, potassium and chlorine, these elements readily combine with water to form potassium chloride and calcium chloride of which both are used as accelerator additives in cement slurry formulation. The utilization of these compounds in water hyacinth ash as accelerator additives would be a major breakthrough in cementing jobs especially in shallow section of the wells. Locally sourced water hyacinth plants were dried and combusted in air, the ash was then activated with water and filtered. The filtrate was used to determine the thickening time of class G cement slurry and the results obtained was compared with that of inorganic calcium chloride. The thickening times at the various set temperatures for this experiment were close to the inorganic calcium chloride used. Though, the thickening time of cement slurry is dependent on temperature, the concentration of the accelerator in the slurry also affect it.. It was found out that water hyacinth ash reduces the thickening time of class G cement slurry comparatively and therefore, should be considered as accelerator additive in the formulation of oil well cement slurry for accelerating the cement setting time.

Acoustics of Compressed Earth Blocks Bound Using Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Water Hyacinth Ash

Mechanical compaction is often used to densify building earth blocks by reducing the void between the particles. Compacted stabilised earth involves a binder, which holds the particles of the materials together. The compaction and addition of binders to the earth can modify its transport, mechanical, and acoustical properties. In this study, the acoustic transmission coefficient, porosity, and airflow resistivity were investigated by varying the concentrations of water hyacinth ash (WHA) and sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) binders. An acoustic test rig comprising an acoustic wave guide made from joined water pipes was employed to analyse the influence of the WHA and SBA binders on the acoustical performance of the earth blocks. It was found out that the measured acoustic wave transmission was sensitive to the variation in the composition of WHA and SBA in the earth blocks. Increasing the WHA concentration led to an increase in the acoustic transmission coefficient and porosity, but reduced the airflow resistivity of the compressed earth blocks; while increasing the SBA reduced the transmission coefficient and porosity, but increased the airflow resistivity. This shows that SBA has a stronger binding property than WHA, which is ideal for the manufacture of stronger earth blocks, while the higher porosity of the earth blocks obtained with WHA is good for the construction of porous walls, which is good for maintaining the airflow between the inside of buildings and the surrounding.

Acoustical properties of compressed earth blocks: Effect of compaction pressure, water hyacinth ash and lime

This study assessed the potential use of a mixture of lime and water hyacinth ash (WHA) as binders in fabrication of cylindrical compressed earth blocks (CEBs) with good acoustic absorption properties for building and construction. Different concentrations of the binders and compaction pressures were employed so as to vary the acoustical properties of the fabricated blocks. The geometric and transport parameters of their porous microstructure were recovered through probing using acoustic waves. A low-frequency acoustic wave guide was built for this purpose. It was found out that the transmission coefficient decreased with the compaction pressure, and with addition of lime, while WHA increased the transmission coefficient. The non-acoustical parameters recovered using the equivalent fluid model (JCAL) showed that the variation of the geometry of the microstructure of the blocks is what influences the acoustic transmission coefficient. Thus, the properties of the CEBs can be steered using binder concentration and compaction pressure in a controlled manner.

Aquatic Weed for Concrete Sustainability

Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is the primary binder of concrete, accounting for approximately 5% to 7% of greenhouse gas (GHG) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions with an annual production rate of more than 4 billion tons. It is critical to reduce the carbon footprint of concrete without sacrificing its performance. To this end, this study focuses on the use of water hyacinth ash (WHA) as a pozzolanic binder in the production of concrete as a partial replacement for cement. Four mixes are designed to achieve C-25-grade concrete with varying proportions of cement replacement with WHA of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% of the cement weight. Extensive experiments are performed to examine the workability, strength, durability, and microstructure of concrete specimens. The test results confirm that incorporating WHA in concrete improved its workability, strength, and durability. The optimal results are obtained at the maximum OPC replacement level, with 10% WHA. The use of WHA as a partial replacement for cement greatly reduces the energy required for cement production and preserves natural resources. More research is needed to use WHA on a large scale to achieve greater sustainability in the concrete industry.

The potential of water hyacinth ash as source of alkali soap for soap making: An alternative option to control environmental pollution

The potential of water hyacinth ash as source of alkali soap for soap making: An alternative option to control environmental pollution

Assessment of the effectiveness of water hyacinth (E. crassipes) in the biosorption of heavy metals from Aluminium extruding company effluents

Biosorption technique was used to assess the effectiveness of water hyacinth in the removal of heavy metal from effluents obtained from an Aluminium extruding company. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were used to characterize the water hyacinth materials before and after adsorption. A batch experiment was set up using water hyacinth (E. crassipes) ash as absorbent. The effects of contact time, absorbent dose, pH and temperature on the heavy metal removal efficiency were determined. The experimental data were analysed by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models of adsorption. The FTIR results showed a reduction in the intensity of the adsorption bands for all the metal ions. The optimal percentage removal of the metal occurred at 30 minutes except Cd which had highest percentage removal at 20 minutes while optimal pH was at 6.0 except Pb which had its optimal removal at pH 4.0. Increase in biosorbent dosage increased the percentage removal of the metal ions with Zn (96% at 1.0 g) having the highest percentage removal of the five metal ions studied. The results revealed that Langmuir and Temkin Isotherms were the best model for the metal ions adsorption onto water hyacinth. Langmuir model had a better fit for Fe (R2 = 0.78), Ni (R2 = 0.82) and Pb (R2 = 0.78), while Temkin model fitted best for Cd (R2 = 0.92) and Zn (R2 = 0.96). The E. crassipes, therefore, could serve as effective, low-cost and environmentally friendly adsorbents.

Study of structural bonding strength with tyre rubber instead of coarse aggregate and water hyacinth ash instead of cement

The report includes an experimental evaluation of concrete bond strength with coarse aggregate partially replaced by reshaped tyre rubber and cement partially replaced by water hyacinth ash. The essential characteristics that were evaluated were reshaped tyre rubber, bar size, embedding length, and water hyacinth ash. The assignment requires two types of mixes: a basic concrete mix and mixes with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% partial substitution of coarse material with reshaped tyre rubber and cement with 10% river hyacinth ash [1]. Two different diameters of High Strength Deformed (HSD) bars (16 mm and 20 mm) are employed with an embedding length of 150 mm. For a total of 28 days, all specimens are submerged in water. The Universal Testing Machine (UTM) is used to calculate the strength and slip values of all PULLING OUT [3] specimens. Bond strength reduces as bar size increases, whereas bond stress is increased as embedding length decreases. Furthermore, coarse aggregate could be partially substituted with reshaped tyre rubber, and cement can be partially replaced with water hyacinth ash [4].

Chemical Analysis of Water Hyacinth Ash by XRD and SEM

Chemical Analysis of Water Hyacinth Ash by XRD and SEM

Chemical Analysis of Water Hyacinth Ash by XRD and SEM

The specific term for the Water hyacinth plant is Eichhorniacrassipes. The water plant that flows freely, rising at still or slower water sources. Water Hyacinth develops massive biomass and doubles its population in two weeks by fast-growing. These entail a loss of biodiversity, water pollution, water loss, agriculture, infrastructure damage and negatively effect on public safety, and water species. The objective of the study is to evaluate the chemical composition of water hyacinth ash by XRD and SEM .XRD is an obligatory method for analysing the characteristics and composition of materials. It is a nondestructive method to analyse all types of material substances like powder, crystals, and fluids. Nowadays X-ray diffraction Techniques are utilized in assorted fields like research, development, and production of materials. The particle size, shapes, surface roughness, and fracture are defined using aEDAX. When a sample is placed on the beam and multiple signals determine the interactions with the samples. Acetone is used to stop the hydration reactions. Then the specimen is dried and made to conduct. Finally, a micrograph was recorded using SEM.

Chemical Analysis of Water Hyacinth Ash by XRD and SEM

The specific term for the Water hyacinth plant is Eichhorniacrassipes. The water plant that flows freely, rising at still or slower water sources. Water Hyacinth develops massive biomass and doubles its population in two weeks by fast-growing. These entail a loss of biodiversity, water pollution, water loss, agriculture, infrastructure damage and negatively effect on public safety, and water species. The objective of the study is to evaluate the chemical composition of water hyacinth ash by XRD and SEM .XRD is an obligatory method for analysing the characteristics and composition of materials. It is a non-destructive method to analyse all types of material substances like powder, crystals, and fluids. Nowadays X-ray diffraction Techniques are utilized in assorted fields like research, development, and production of materials. The particle size, shapes, surface roughness, and fracture are defined using aEDAX. When a sample is placed on the beam and multiple signals determine the interactions with the samples. Acetone is used to stop the hydration reactions. Then the specimen is dried and made to conduct. Finally, a micrograph was recorded using SEM.

WITHDRAWN: Experimental study on the behavior of modulus of elasticity of concrete with partial replacement of cement by WHA

This paper reveals an experimental analysis on the impact of Water hyacinth ash on the elasticity modulus of concrete. It is a significant parameter to establish the capacity of cement to twist elasticity. The examination accomplished for Modulus of flexibility is to assess the stress–strain relationship of cement with and without substitution of cement. The outcomes are gotten from the regression analysis technique for traditional and 10% Replacement cement. The outcome got for Elastic Modulus of Replacement cement is much like conventional concrete. The studies were carried out on M30 grade of concrete with a cylindrical specimen.

Chemical Analysis of Traditional Food Additive Dokhora Khar Derived from Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

Background: Dhokora khar (solid alkali), derived from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is used by the people of Assam as a traditional food additive and as an antacid. It is usually prepared from the aqueous extract of water hyacinth ash. It is very popular in lower Assam particularly in the district of Barpeta and nearby areas. Apart from its use as a food additive in preparing palatable dishes, it is also used for the cure of ailments arising from stomach acidity and indigestion. In rural Assam, this khar finds applications as a natural fertilizer as well as a cleansing agent. Methods: Standard chemical and spectral procedures have been used to confirm the presence of acid and basic radicals. SEM-EDX, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Flame Photometry were used for information on chemical constituents. Results: Standard chemical and spectral procedures have been used to confirm the presence of acid and basic radicals. SEM-EDX, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Flame Photometry were used for information on chemical constituents. Conclusion: The investigation suggests that dokhora khar consists of a mixture of carbonates, chlorides, sulfates and phosphates of various metals such as K, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, etc. Some of these metals such as Fe, Co, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, etc., are essential nutrients. Hence the results establish that the consumption of this traditional food additive by the natives of Assam provides health benefits.

Water hyacinth ash: an efficient green catalyst for the synthesis of β-amino carbonyl/nitrile compounds by aza-Michael reaction at room temperature

Water hyacinth ash is found to be an efficient and reusable catalyst for the synthesis of β-amino carbonyl/nitrile compounds by aza-Michael reaction of amines with α,β-unsaturated compounds at room temperature under solvent free condition. Due to low cost of the catalyst, good activity, ease of handling and easy recovery with high yields of the products in short reaction time, easy workup procedure, mild reaction condition, the protocol is highly applicable in synthetic organic chemistry.

Formulating nitrogen-phosphorous-potassium enriched organic manure from solid waste: A novel approach of waste valorization

This work investigates the feasibility of utilizing solid wastes viz. wet blue leather, poultry bone and water hyacinth for the production of N-P-K (Nitrogen-Phosphorous-Potassium) enriched organic fertilizers. The nitrogenous component was derived from wet blue leather after exhausting it of Chromium using bi-directional base hydrolysis followed by acid hydrolysis. Upon hydrolysis, a solid collagenic material with significant amount of nitrogen was obtained as a byproduct. Poultry bone was sterilized and then dried at 80°C before crushing to obtain bone meal. Water hyacinth was sun-dried before calcination at 450°C in a muffle furnace to obtain ash. In order to produce N-P-K rich formulation of organic manure, collagen was amalgamated with phosphorus laden poultry bone meal and potassium enriched water hyacinth ash. The efficacy of the resulting organic N-P-K based manure was examined as a nutrient source on Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar Periwinkle). Ammonia analysis for nitrogen content of fertilized soil demonstrated that free nitrogen content in the soil mixed with organic N-P-K formulation was 45.16% and 19.35% higher than natural soil and soil mixed with commercial fertilizer, respectively. Interactive DNA study of organic N-P-K formulation revealed a low intercalation and less interactivity with DNA in nature than commercial fertilizer. Fertilising Catharanthus roseus plant using organic N-P-K fertilizer resulted in significantly higher growth and flowering compared to that observed using commercial fertilizer. Hence the newly developed organic fertilizer could be an efficient and environmentally benign organic nutrient for successful application in the agriculture to enhance the plant growth, over chemical fertilizer.

Bonding Characteristics of water Hyacinth ash on Concrete by replacing cement

The study explicates the experimental investigation of bonding properties of M30 grade concrete with and without replacement of cement by water hyacinth ash. The main parameters in this study are a grade of concrete, the diameter of the bar, embedded length and cause of water hyacinth ash. The study of the bonding strength of concrete is investigated by two stages. First stage concrete is cast and tested without any replacement. The Second stage, concrete is cast and tested with 10% replacement of cement by water hyacinth ash. The bars (10mm diameter and length 200 mm) are cast with concrete in the cylinder and cured for 28 days. Pull test out the experiment is carried by a universal testing machine. The results show water hyacinth ash enhances the bonding strength of concrete when compared to the normal concrete after 28 days.

Water hyacinth ash: An ecofriendly heterogeneous reusable catalyst for the transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel

The catalytic activity of water hyacinth ash (WHA) has been evaluated for the transesterification reaction of soybean oil with methanol. The reaction was carried out under ambient temperature as well as reflux conditions. The yields of the corresponding fatty acid methyl esters were 95% under both experimental conditions. The catalyst loading was 20% by weight of the oil and the reaction time varied from 30 minutes under reflux condition to 2.5hours at ambient temperature. The catalyst is recyclable and could be reused for up-to 4 runs with marginal loss in catalytic activity.

Experimental Studies on Durability Studies of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement by Water Hyacinth Ash

Cement is the main constituent ingredient in concrete. Now days many investigations undergone for substitute of cement due to green houses effect and global warming .Many new products like rice husk ash, egg shell powder, baggage ash, etc are used as an effluent replacement material for cement. The new and Practical material for substitute of cement is water hyacinth ash .Water hyacinth ash (WHA), is used as an effectual replacement of partial cement, and it has been proved in several characteristics of concrete. The main important parameters in concrete are strength, durability and workability. In this paper, 10 % of cement replaced by water hyacinth ash to investigate the effects of WHA on durability and Strength in concretes. On this basis, specimens were engrossed in water and acid to study the absorption property, acid attack and compared to conventional concrete. The test results show that replacement of cement by WHA in concrete has improved the parameters of concrete.