Reduce Water Consumption Research Articles

Understanding and addressing the water footprint in the textile sector: A review

Abstract Textile industry has a significant water footprint (WF), leading to various sustainability challenges. This article discusses key findings on the WF and outlines potential solutions. The industry’s WF includes three types: green, blue, and grey. Textile manufacturing is water-intensive, with stages like pretreatment, dyeing, printing, and finishing. This can contribute to water scarcity in some regions. Water pollution is another critical challenge, as the industry generates considerable wastewater containing diverse pollutants which can harm ecosystems and pose risks to public health. Different treatments to reduce the pollutants in water are studied. We have grouped innovations into five major categories for water conservation efforts in the textile industry: To address these sustainability challenges, several solutions are proposed. Each category offers a pathway to reduce its environmental footprint through water conservation. The adoption of water-efficient technologies, such as low-water dyeing and wastewater recycling, can reduce water consumption. Stricter policies for pollution control, along with incentives for sustainable practices, can encourage industry-wide change. Collaboration among stakeholders, including industry, government, and environmental groups, is also crucial for promoting sustainability and reducing the industry’s environmental impact. These approaches can help the textile industry move toward a more sustainable future. Further research needed is suggested.

Effects of Stumping and Meteorological Factors on Sap Flow Characteristics of Haloxylon ammodendron in Ulan Buh Desert, Northwestern China

The shrub/dwarf tree Haloxylon ammodendron is a prevalent woody plant used to combat desertification in the arid and semi-arid regions of northwestern China. Despite its drought resistance, artificial stands of this species experience significant degradation approximately ten years post-afforestation. Stumping, which involves cutting a portion of the above-ground part of shrubs/trees, is a common practice aimed at reducing water consumption and enhancing the growth of these stands. However, the impact of stumping on the sap flow of H. ammodendron remain inadequately understood, posing challenges to the sustainable management of these artificial stands. In this study, we monitored the sap flow of H. ammodendron subjected to various stumping treatments in the Ulan Buh Desert using the PS-TDP8 tree sap flow monitoring system. Concurrently, we measured several meteorological factors with an automatic weather station. We examined the changes in sap flow velocity following stumping and its response to meteorological factors to elucidate water use during growth. Our findings indicate that both the change in sap flow velocity and characteristics were closely associated with the degree of stumping. The initiation time of sap flow for H. ammodendron under different stumping treatments was earlier than that of the control group. The daily mean value and daily accumulation of sap flow followed the order: 50% stumping > control (no stumping) > 75% stumping > 100% stumping. Sap flow velocity and daily sap flow accumulation increased at 50% stumping but decreased at 75% and 100% stumping. Stumping altered the relationships between sap flow velocity and meteorological factors, with the correlation coefficient between these variables decreasing as the degree of stumping increased. The sap flow following stumping was primarily influenced by both the degree of stumping and meteorological factors. These results may contribute to a better understanding of water transport during the growth of H. ammodendron following stumping.

γ-Aminobutyric Acid Alleviates Salinity-Induced Impairments in Rice Plants by Improving Photosynthesis and Upregulating Osmoprotectants and Antioxidants

Salt stress is a significant abiotic stress that hinders the growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and reduces their yield. Previous research has examined the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and its role in plant resistance under various abiotic stresses. However, the synthesis of GABA and its ability to mitigate damage caused by salt stress—particularly its effects on osmotic adjustment, antioxidant defense, photosynthesis, and overall plant growth throughout the entire rice lifecycle—remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted two experiments using salt-tolerant rice cultivar Lianjian 5 (J-5) and salt-susceptible cultivar Lianjing 7 (L-7). In Experiment I, RNA-seq (RNA sequencing) was used to analyze the differential expression of the transcriptome between CK and salinity treatments, revealing the key roles of GABA in salt tolerance. In Experiment II, different levels of exogenous GABA were applied to salt-stressed plants to investigate its physiological role in enhancing salt tolerance. Therefore, RNA-seq (RNA sequencing) was used to analyze the differential expression of the transcriptome between CK and salinity treatments, revealing the key roles of GABA in salt tolerance. Subsequently, different levels of exogenous GABA were applied to salt-stressed plants to investigate its physiological role in enhancing salt tolerance. We measured the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, as well as photosynthetic characteristics such as photosynthesis, transpiration, chlorophyll content, stomatal density and size, and leaf anatomical features. The RNA-seq analysis revealed that GABA production is enhanced via the glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) gene (LOC4333932) in the salt-resistant rice cultivar. Exogenous GABA application improves salt-stress tolerance by increasing endogenous ABA and GABA contents, which enhance osmotic adjustment, boost antioxidant defenses, and regulate ion balance. These combined effects help maintain photosynthetic efficiency and support overall plant growth under salt-stressed environments. Additionally, the increased proportion of mesophyll cell periphery covered by chloroplasts (Sc/Sm) indicated enhanced mesophyll conductance. These helped maintain photosynthesis under saline conditions while reducing water consumption.

Apparel Supply Chain Management and Practice under the Perspective of Sustainable Development

Abstract: This study explores the challenges faced by the apparel industry and the means of attaining sustainable development via effective supply chain management amidst the backdrop of global economic integration and the evolving information technology landscape.Firstly, the current situation of the apparel industry is analyzed, including factors such as the increase in consumers' personalized demands, the increasingly fierce competition, the rising costs of labor and raw materials, and the growing consciousness of environmental preservation. The development status and problems of apparel supply chain management are then analyzed, including the excessively long supply chain, the lack of flexibility and adaptability in management, the opacity of information, the lack of a supplier evaluation system, and the neglect of sustainable development by enterprises. It further discusses achieving sustainable development in the apparel industry, including reducing water consumption and pollution, addressing the adverse consequences arising from the rapid turnover of fashion trends, promoting the construction of a circular supply chain, etc. Corresponding solutions are proposed. Finally, this study concludes how supply chain management and sustainable development practices can inject new vitality into apparel enterprises and achieve the industry's sustainable development goals.

Optimizing water use efficiency in greenhouse cucumber cultivation: A comparative study of intelligent irrigation systems.

This study investigated the use of an intelligent irrigation system for greenhouse cucumber cultivation, aiming to manage water consumption efficiently. During the initial phase, irrigation was tested at four levels: 80%, 90%, and 100% of Field Capacity (FC), and Conventional Flood Irrigation (CFI). Data on environmental conditions and water usage were meticulously recorded. Optimal yields and crop quality (measured by size and firmness) were achieved at CFI and 100% FC, with CFI consuming the most water (0.148 m3/m2) Consequently, 100% FC was identified as the best practice, informing the intelligent system's calibration in the subsequent phase. This adjustment resulted in reduced water consumption and a 15.6% improvement in Water Use Efficiency (WUE) over CFI. Additionally, by examining the product performance and the color characteristics, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis of the leaves, it was observed that the quality and optimal water supply and the product performance were maintained in the smart irrigation system. The study concludes that, considering long-term outcomes, the intelligent irrigation system is preferable to CFI, offering significant water savings and enhanced WUE without compromising crop quality.

Improving sustainability of rice-canola rotation through water and nitrogen management in a humid region

Intensive cropping systems face significant environmental and economic challenges due to current water and nutrient management practices. This study addresses the limited research on optimizing these practices in rice-canola rotations, focusing on enhancing sustainability through improved water and nitrogen (N) management. Utilizing the DSSAT crop growth model, we evaluated three irrigation scenarios for rice- I1 (100 % irrigation requirement: IR), I2 (80 % IR), and I3 (60 % IR)-alongside three N application levels: N1 (30 % below RAN: regional average N), N2 (RAN), and N3 (30 % above RAN). Key sustainability indicators, including water productivity (WP), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and economic productivity, were analyzed. The DSSAT model demonstrated strong predictive accuracy, with yield differences of only 236 kg ha⁻¹ for rice and 121 kg ha⁻¹ for canola between observed and simulated values. A 40 % reduction in water use increased rice yield to a maximum of 5654 kg ha⁻¹ under I3N2 conditions. Additionally, this reduction in water consumption resulted in a 27 % decrease in production costs, significantly enhancing WP, net benefits, and gross benefits of rice by 46.7 %, 43.1 %, and 47.9 %, respectively. Conversely, a 30 % increase in N application for canola correlated with a 9 % yield increase, underscoring the importance of tailored N strategies. Furthermore, N3 raised WP, NUE, net benefits, and gross benefits of canola by 6.7 %, 1.4 %, 9.1 %, and 9.2 %, respectively, compared with current N application level. Overall, this study illustrates the potential for substantial water savings in rice cultivation while recommending stable or reduced N application levels. These management strategies enhance farm performance, lower production costs, and contribute to the sustainability of rice-canola cropping systems, promoting both agricultural productivity and environmental stewardship.

IoT-Enabled Air Irrigation: A Data-Driven Approach to Sustainable Agriculture in Water-Scarce Regions

The escalating water scarcity crisis, particularly in arid regions like Maharashtra, India, poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity. Traditional irrigation methods often face challenges related to water wastage and inefficient distribution. To address these issues, this study proposes an innovative IoT-enabled smart “Air Irrigation" system. This novel approach involves dispersing water into the air to create a microclimate with optimal humidity levels, promoting plant growth and reducing water consumption.

Growth, Ecophysiological Responses, and Leaf Mineral Composition of Lettuce and Curly Endive in Hydroponic and Aquaponic Systems.

Against the backdrop of climate change, soil loss, and water scarcity, sustainable food production is a pivotal challenge for humanity. As the global population grows and urbanization intensifies, innovative agricultural methods are crucial to meet rising food demand, while mitigating environmental degradation. Hydroponic and aquaponic systems, has emerged as one of these solutions by minimizing land use, reducing water consumption, and enabling year-round crop production in urban areas. This study aimed at assessing the yield, ecophysiological performance, and nutritional content of Lactuca sativa L. and Cichorium endivia L. var. crispum grown in hydroponic and aquaponic floating raft systems, with Oreochromis niloticus L. integrated into the aquaponic system. Both species exhibited higher fresh biomass and canopy/root ratios in hydroponics compared to aquaponics. Additionally, hydroponics increased the leaf number in curly endive by 18%. Ecophysiological parameters, such as the leaf net photosynthesis rate, actual yield of PSII, and linear electron transport rate, were also higher in hydroponics for both species. However, the nutritional profiles varied between the two cultivation systems and between the two species. Given that standard fish feed often lacks sufficient potassium levels for optimal plant growth, potassium supplementation could be a viable strategy to enhance plant development in aquaponic systems. In conclusion, although aquaponic systems may demonstrate lower productivity compared to hydroponics, they offer a more sustainable and potentially healthier product with fewer harmful compounds due to the reduced use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and the absence of chemical residue accumulation. However, careful system management and monitoring are crucial to minimize potential contaminants.

Assessing the impact of various irrigation technologies on agricultural production: A water-energy‑carbon nexus perspective

Effective coordination of water, energy, and carbon is vital for the sustainable development of irrigated agriculture. However, limited research has been conducted on the impact of irrigation technology on the coupling and coordination relationship of these elements, especially on the North China Plain (NCP) where irrigation is applied extensively. This study establishes a water-energy‑carbon (WEC) nexus framework based on footprint theory and energy analysis. Water utilization, energy consumption, and carbon emissions in a wheat production system under conventional irrigation (CI), sprinkler irrigation (SI), and drip irrigation (DI) technology on the NCP from 2000 to 2019 were quantified. Subsequently, the coupling coordination degree (CCD) model is used to analyze the interactions and correlations of the WEC nexus. Results indicated that SI and CI effectively reduced water consumption and mitigated water degradation, but this came at the expense of increased energy consumption and carbon emissions. The irrigation process represented the predominant share of energy consumption, representing 40.54 % and 37.64 % of the production-based energy consumption under SI and DI, respectively. The primary contributors to the production-based carbon footprint under CI, SI, and DI were N fertilizer (23.67 %), pipeline production (59.10 %), and irrigation electricity (21.85 %), respectively. The CCD range of WEC systems under the three irrigation technologies varied from 0.35 to 0.50 on the NCP during the investigation period. There were some slight differences in the average annual CCD between each irrigation technology, with DI (0.43) > SI (0.40) > CI (0.39). SI and DI was in basic coordination, while CI was in imbalanced type. Meanwhile, the spatial heterogeneity of CCD was fully reflected over time. Promoting water-saving irrigation technologies, developing clean energy, controlling the expansion of irrigation areas, and strengthening the connections among various subsystems are crucial measure to achieve regional WEC nexus coupling coordination.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of the water footprint and virtual water trade in global cotton production and trade

Cotton, the world's most widely cultivated fiber crop, is associated with a multitude of environmental impacts, particularly the intensive use of water resources. While previous studies have assessed cotton's water usage through the water footprint concept, they largely focused on spatial variability, leaving temporal dynamics and the issue of unsustainable water use underexplored. This global study addressed these gaps by examining both the spatial and temporal variability of cotton's water footprint and assessing the unsustainable water footprint over time. Additionally, it explored the potential of flax as a water-efficient alternative for fiber production. Using a global gridded crop model, the study simulated yield and water use of flax and cotton from 1972 to 2018 at 30 arcmin resolution. The results showed that the global average blue, green, and total water footprint of cotton decreased by 37%, 48%, and 43%, respectively, due to yield improvements driven by improved crop cultivars, fertilizers, and better water management practices, with climate playing a minor role in these reductions. Despite this, the total water footprint of cotton production increased by 5%, with the blue water footprint rising by 17%. Additionally, unsustainable blue water usage in cotton cultivation increased from 59.3 km³/y to 70.9 km³/y between 1972-1976 and 2014–2018, with 71.1% of the unsustainable water traded virtually. USA, Pakistan, and India accounted for over 60% of this unsustainable virtual water trade. Flax, with its substantially lower water footprint, emerged as a promising alternative to reduce water consumption in fiber production. These findings offer critical insights for formulating strategies to mitigate unsustainable water use in global fiber production.

Sustainable Water Conservation Techniques for an Office Building

The research paper titled "Sustainable Water Conservation Techniques for an Office Building" explores methods to reduce water consumption and promote sustainable practices in office buildings. The study focuses on the rising global water crisis due to population growth and increasing urbanization, advocating for the reuse of rainwater and wastewater as alternatives to conventional water sources. Key objectives include assessing current water distribution systems, comparing existing water management techniques, and proposing sustainable water-saving measures. By integrating solutions such as water-efficient fixtures, greywater recycling, and rainwater harvesting, the study aims to significantly reduce water demand and operational costs, contributing to long-term sustainability​.

Turn off the faucet: Can individual meters reduce water consumption?

When consumption of water and other utilities is measured collectively for many households and the payment of such services is equally shared among members of the group, individuals may use more than what is socially optimal. In this paper, we evaluate how the installation of individual meters affects water consumption. Using administrative data from the public water utility company in Quito, Ecuador, and an event study approach, it is estimated that water consumption decreases by about 20% as a result of the introduction of individual metering. The effect is large and economically significant: in order to obtain the same effect using the price mechanism in Quito, prices would have to increase by at least 66%. Individual water metering could be a useful tool to curve down consumption in both developing and developed countries.

Modulating phytoremediation: How drip irrigation system affect performance of active green wall and microbial community changes

A recent innovation in air phytoremediation is active green walls, which utilises biofiltration technology with airflow from mechanical ventilation. While this novel technology is gaining traction, the influence of irrigation on soil moisture, and subsequently the microbial communities that play a role in air filtration is untested. In this study, the application of drip irrigation techniques in active green walls were investigated for their influence on system performance. A modular green wall system was tested, with tests across 7 different plant species, as well as a substrate only control. Water distribution across the modules, the water-carrying capacity and airflow through the substrate were measured. The microbial community present, which is critical to the phytoremediation process, was quantified by identifying individual microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) within the substrate. Results demonstrated that the lower-speed drip irrigation reduced water consumption compared to the rapid system, and had generally more uniform moisture distribution. High flow drip irrigation resulted in a water pathway phenomenon, leading to uneven moisture distribution within the green wall, and this effect was accentuated with fibrous root plant species. Drip irrigation did not change microbial community composition across planted modules, apart from increasing fungi by 6%, but did wash out bacteria at the high flow rate used (−56.67%), thus low flow rate irrigation rate is more beneficial for both plant growth and microbial community composition. The current work provides evidence that drip irrigation has considerable effects on both substrate airflow rate and substrate microbial density: both key to system air cleaning performance.

A-204 Commitment to Sustainability From Laboratory Medicine

Abstract Background According to McGill University, sustainability means “meeting our needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. Sustainable environmental practices improve water and air quality, reduce landfills, and increase renewable energy sources in the long term. In response to the growing urgency of global sustainability challenges, the healthcare industry is taking a step forward to reduce its environmental impact. University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) is a government-funded teaching hospital and medical institution, which processes about 3.95 million chemistry and 371,000 immunoassay tests per year. This study aims to evaluate the sustainability aspects of Atellica Solution, focusing on water usage, power consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and plastic waste generations. Methods Power and water consumption for the analysers Advia Chemistry 2400 & XPT and Advia Centaur XPT were obtained from Atellica Solution using the year 2022 test volumes and compared with those of Siemens legacy system for the year 2019 test volumes. In addition, the reduction of plastic usage was also assessed for the year 2019 and 2022. Results With innovative Atellica Solution replacing Siemens legacy system, the data showed reduction in water and energy consumption by 36.44% and 47.74% respectively, whereas the annual throughput increased by 13.7%. By using Atellica INTELIQ QC management, fewer aliquot tubes were used and thus plastic waste was reduced by 168 kg. These reductions combined to lower CO2 emissions by about 16 tons. Conclusions Atellica Solution is designed for high throughput and sustainability, reducing water and energy consumption while also significantly reducing CO2 emissions. Furthermore, it enables faster, streamlined quality control management with Atellica INTELIQ QC management system. UMMC is strongly committed to minimizing laboratories’ environmental footprint and provide better access to care eventually contributing to the well-being of patients.

CISTOTOMIA EM CADELA COM HIDRONEFROSE ASSOCIADA A OBSTRUÇÃO POR URÓLITOS VESICAIS: RELATO DE CASO

Urolithiasis is one of the most common diseases of the canine urinary system, which can be caused by diet, reduced water consumption by the animal, in addition to racial, age and sex predisposition. Furthermore, urolithiasis can culminate in hydronephrosis, in which the renal pelvis dilates as a result of the obstruction of urinary flow. The clinical signs of this condition vary according to the severity of the animal’s condition, but may include dysuria, polyuria and urinary incontinence. The definitive diagnosis is based on history, clinical evaluation, complementary imaging exams such as abdominal ultrasound and abdominal radiography. Treatment can be clinical or surgical and dietary management may be necessary, depending on the urinary stone analysis made. The objective of this report was to describe the clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of a five-year-old Shitzu female dog, with bladder uroliths and hydronephrosis as a result of this condition. After care and clinical management with laboratory and complementary exams, the treatment through cystotomy was the one of choice. The urolith was sent for analysis and allowed the establishment of an appropriate therapeutic protocol, through dietary management. Besides that, the female dog was monitored to observe the reversal of hydronephrosis. After surgical and clinical treatment, the animal presented a stable condition and the dilation of the renal pelvises were reversed, making the animal’s prognosis favorable.

GREEN DENTISTRY: A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE FOR ORAL HEALTH CARE

The dental public health profession, like many others, is becoming increasingly aware of its environmental impact and the urgent need to adopt more sustainable practices. Green dentistry, also known as eco-friendly dentistry, is a growing movement that focuses on reducing waste, conserving energy, and minimizing pollution while maintaining high standards of patient care. By integrating environmentally conscious choices into daily practices—such as using digital technologies, reducing water consumption, and choosing biodegradable or recyclable materials—dentists can significantly contribute to environmental preservation without compromising the quality of their services. One of the core tenets of green dentistry is the shift towards digital dentistry. Traditional methods of record-keeping and patient management involve a considerable amount of paper and plastic waste. By adopting digital x-rays, patient records, and appointment scheduling systems, dental practices can dramatically reduce their paper use, lower radiation exposure, and decrease the need for disposable materials. Additionally, using energy-efficient equipment and eco-friendly sterilization techniques can help reduce the carbon footprint of dental offices, aligning with global sustainability goals. As the dental community moves towards greener practices, there is an opportunity for education and advocacy in dental public health. Dental schools and professional organizations play a crucial role in promoting awareness of sustainable practices among both practitioners and patients. By fostering a culture of environmental responsibility within the field, we not only contribute to a healthier planet but also inspire the next generation of dentists to prioritize sustainability in their professional lives. Green dentistry represents a vital step towards a more sustainable future for both the profession and the world at large.

Why Do Farmers Disadopt Successful Innovations? Socio-Ecological Niches and Rice Intensification

The adoption of innovations in rice cultivation is presumed to operate in a rational manner, wherein new technologies or practices that successfully increase productivity or resource efficiency are adopted by target farmers based on cost-benefit calculations. In contrast, this paper examines a case of a public initiative to promote the system of rice intensification (SRI), wherein farmers widely disadopted the technique despite reporting increasing yields and reduced water consumption. To explain this paradox, we use the concept of the socio-ecological niche to examine a range of social and institutional factors that shape farmers’ decision-making. These included (1) access to land and labour; (2) water management capacity; (3) the quality of networks for knowledge sharing. The research suggests that small variations in these categories among otherwise similar smallholder households can markedly shape farmers’ risk perceptions and tangible outcomes with SRI. The implication is that agricultural innovations should be judged within their wider social context rather than on narrow evaluations of agronomic efficiency. Importantly, this must involve greater feedback mechanisms from smallholders with a variety of socio-economic profiles to help shape the character of agricultural innovations and extension strategies.

AMI water meters deliver end-use water and financial savings in leaky households: experimental evidence from California

Abstract Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) for residential water consumption is exploding globally giving water utilities the ability to improve their water tracking, billing, and distribution systems’ leak detection. With AMI, utilities have also gained the opportunity to provide real-time high-resolution water consumption information to their customers to induce conservation. Using a randomized controlled trial we find that on average homes that install AMI and receive conservation based messaging significantly reduce water consumption by 5.24 gallons per household per day beyond savings already obtained from home water reports. Of the estimated water savings we attribute 92.8% to leak reduction. While the payback period from the deployment of AMI meters and treatment in all homes is over 41 years, homes that experience leaks realize financial savings of $60/year and a treatment payback period of four years. This is because treatment did not induce water or financial savings in homes without leaks. These findings indicate that even on top of existing conservation programs, AMI messaging that targets end-user leaks could result in significant water savings, economic benefits to end-users, and advance conservation goals.

Environmental impact of modern agricultural practices: Strategies for reducing carbon footprint and promoting conservation

Modern agricultural practices have significantly transformed food production, leading to increased efficiency and productivity. However, these advancements have also had notable environmental impacts, particularly concerning carbon emissions and resource depletion. This study explores the environmental impact of contemporary agricultural practices, emphasizing the need for strategies to mitigate carbon footprints and enhance conservation efforts. Agriculture contributes substantially to greenhouse gas emissions through sources such as livestock, synthetic fertilizers, and fossil fuel consumption. These emissions contribute to climate change and global warming. Additionally, modern farming practices often lead to deforestation, habitat loss, and soil degradation, exacerbating biodiversity loss and reducing soil health. Water usage in agriculture also poses significant challenges, with high water consumption and pollution from runoff affecting water resources and aquatic ecosystems. To address these issues, several strategies can be employed to reduce the carbon footprint of agriculture. Adoption of sustainable farming practices such as conservation tillage and no-till farming can enhance soil carbon sequestration, improving soil health and reducing emissions. Agroforestry and cover cropping further contribute by capturing atmospheric carbon and improving soil structure. The integration of renewable energy sources like solar and wind power in farming operations, along with energy-efficient technologies, can also reduce reliance on fossil fuels and lower overall greenhouse gas emissions. Promoting conservation involves implementing practices that protect and restore natural resources. Soil conservation methods, including erosion control techniques like terracing and contour plowing, help maintain soil health and prevent degradation. Efficient water management strategies, such as drip irrigation and rainwater harvesting, reduce water consumption and mitigate pollution from runoff. Biodiversity conservation can be supported through the preservation of natural habitats and the promotion of biodiverse farming systems, which enhance ecosystem resilience and stability. Effective policy frameworks and support mechanisms are crucial for driving the adoption of these strategies. Government policies, including environmental regulations and incentives, play a pivotal role in encouraging sustainable practices. Research and innovation are essential for developing new technologies and practices, while education and extension services ensure the dissemination of knowledge and best practices to farmers. Modern agricultural practices have significant environmental impacts, but through the adoption of sustainable practices and innovative strategies, it is possible to reduce carbon footprints and promote conservation. Continued research, supportive policies, and effective implementation of conservation strategies are essential for achieving a more sustainable agricultural future. Keywords: Environmental Impact, Agricultural Practices, Carbon Footprint.

ESG transformation of water supply and sewerage enterprises in the Russian Federation to achieve sustainable development goals

Subject. This article discusses the issues of modernization of water supply and sewerage systems, housing and communal services as a whole, and the problem of rational use of water resources. Objectives. The article aims to determine areas for the development of water supply and wastewater disposal organizations, and develop mechanisms to reduce the negative impact of industry enterprises on the environment. Methods. For the study, I used the general scientific research methods. Results. The article finds that the key task of the industry is to reduce the depreciation of fixed assets. It is necessary to reduce water consumption and losses in production processes and during transportation. Conclusions. The introduction of green technologies will help increase the investment attractiveness of the industry. The Government of the Russian Federation considers water supply and wastewater disposal as a priority sector that ensure the country's sustainable development.