Waste Recycling System Research Articles

Exploring spatial dynamics of urbanization and solid waste generation in Kota city using the Google Earth Engine.

The current study investigates the relationship between urbanization, solid waste generation, and environmental changes in Kota city from 2000 to 2023. The study employs Google Earth Engine (GEE) to analyze land use and land cover (LULC) classification, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference modified water index (NDMWI), normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), land surface temperature (LST), and predict future LULC changes up to 2043. The results show that the built-up area increased by 122.38%, correlated with a 294.16% increase in solid waste generation and a significant increase of 24.6% in urban temperature (R2 = 0.9936). Vegetation cover and water resources declined during this period, and NDVI and NDMWI values indicate environmental degradation. Future LULC forecasts for 2043 show that urban expansion will continue, with built-up areas expected to increase by 16.74% at the expense of natural resources. To mitigate these effects, the study emphasizes the need for sustainable urban planning, which includes green infrastructure, advanced waste recycling systems, and strategies to mitigate urban heat islands. These findings provide significant insights for policymakers who seek to balance urban growth with environmental sustainability and proficient waste management.

Research on Drying Technology for Pressing Landscaping Waste - A Case Study of Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis Flowers

With the gradual enhancement of people’s awareness of ecological environment and sustainable development, the concept of green and low-carbon development has received more and more attention. Building a waste recycling system has also become an important task for building a beautiful China. The art of pressed flowers is such an ecological industry for recycling abandoned landscaping plants. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis is a plant widely distributed and loved by the people in China. In order to explore the most suitable drying technology for pressing Hibiscus rosa-sinensis，we study the differences of petal color, anthocyanins content, pH value, enzyme activity, drying status, protecting color, flatness between no-pressed and two different drying methods. Compared with the fresh flowers, the L, a, and C values of dried petal were lower, the pH was higher, and the enzyme activity was lower. But the difference is not significant in anthocyanins content between them. Furthermore, the enzyme activity and pH value of pressed petal with microwave were lower than those with drying plate. On the contrary, the anthocyanins content of pressed petal with microwave was higher than that with drying plate. The final study data shows that microwave pressed flower with 80% microwave power and 60-second drying time, was better for drying Hibiscus rosa-sinensis than drying plate，this method leads to better pressed flower，so as to produce plant products that are more suitable for consumer’s needs

Challenges, Solutions, and Policy Suggestions for China's New Energy Vehicle Industry

This article deeply analyzes the main problems facing China's new energy vehicle industry, briefly analyzes the solution, and discusses how the government conducts top-level design and the government's specific measures to promote the development of the new energy vehicle industry. First of all, this article pointed out issues such as insufficient innovation capabilities, limited intelligent application investment, and lagging development of the waste recycling business. In response to these issues, this article proposes solutions such as strengthening technological innovation, connecting the connection between patent cooperation networks, promoting intelligent production, and establishing a standardized waste recycling system. Secondly, this article discusses the policy synergy that the government should consider in the top-level design, including the three dimensions of content, structure, and process, and emphasizes the importance of policy target integration, incentive policy optimization, and policy coherence. Finally, this article proposes that the government can introduce suggestions such as subsidy policies, financial support, talent training, and industrial support, and emphasize the need to improve the need for the new energy vehicle industry chain.

Dynamic evaluation and sensitivity analysis of China’s industrial solid waste management efficiency based on ecological environment cycle perspective

IntroductionThe recycling and repurposing of industrial solid waste is a crucial element of sustainable development in growing industrialized nations.MethodsAn advanced two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model was employed to assess the effectiveness of solid waste management across all 31 provinces in China throughout the period spanning from 2016 to 2022.ResultsThe research findings suggest the following: (1) The circular economy has shown varying degrees of improvement in efficiency across most regions. (2) The average efficiency of the resource reuse stage is not higher than 0.4, indicating significant room for development that requires serious attention. (3) The western region has a higher average solid waste treatment efficiency of 0.65 compared to 0.53 in the eastern region, while the central region falls at a moderate level. Furthermore, this work employed sensitivity analysis to examine the resilience of regional efficiency research and discovered that the overall findings remain statistically significant. Hence, it is imperative to simultaneously enhance the internal administration of businesses and enhance governmental environmental legislation and regulations, with the aim of attaining the utmost optimization of resource recycling.DiscussionThis paper presents policy suggestions for enhancing the solid waste recycling system within provincial government departments, while also establishing the foundation for the expansion of the solid waste treatment industry, which is necessary to accomplish the goal of “double carbon”.

Harnessing Machine Learning for Effective Waste Classification and Recycling

The world produces nearly 3.5 million tons waste every day so it is important to improve waste management and recycling system. This paper defines how machine learning can classify waste, specifically using VGG16 CNN model to classify 9 types of recyclable materials such as light bulbs, paper, plastic, organic, glass, batteries, clothes, metal and e-waste .We had used nearly 8000+ images from Google Images and Dreamstime.com to test VGG16 model and compare it with another model named as Inceptionv3. But Inceptionv3 showed higher accuracy (~90%) ,and it did not work well when tested on real data. In contrast, the VGG16 model which initially had lower accuracy of (~70%), performed better when tested on real-world scenarios. We also developed a web application which not only classifies the waste but also provides the valuable information to help people how to minimize waste reduction and maximize recycling. The classified images of the waste and its respective findings will also be shared with local authorities to enhance better recycling efforts. Hence this study focuses on need to select right models for waste classification and suggests looking into another machine learning techniques in future.

Urban Development Challenges and Solutions in Indian Municipalities

India’s rapid urbanization has brought about significant transformations in its municipalities, posing both opportunities and challenges. Urban areas now serve as economic and cultural hubs, yet they grapple with issues such as inadequate infrastructure, environmental degradation, socio-economic disparities, and governance inefficiencies. This research investigates the key challenges faced by Indian municipalities in their pursuit of sustainable urban development and explores viable solutions to address these issues. The study identifies critical challenges, including unplanned urban sprawl, traffic congestion, housing shortages, waste management inefficiencies, and the strain on water and energy resources. It highlights the impact of these issues on public health, quality of life, and economic productivity. Furthermore, the research delves into institutional and governance hurdles, such as fragmented policy implementation, financial constraints, and limited citizen participation. To address these challenges, the study proposes a multi-pronged approach emphasizing integrated urban planning, smart city initiatives, and publicprivate partnerships (PPPs). It advocates for adopting sustainable practices such as green infrastructure, renewable energy, and efficient waste recycling systems. The research underscores the importance of community engagement and participatory governance models in fostering inclusivity and accountability. Additionally, case studies of successful interventions from Indian and global contexts are analyzed to derive best practices and scalable solutions. The findings underscore that sustainable urban development in Indian municipalities requires a collaborative effort involving government bodies, private stakeholders, and civil society. By aligning urban growth with the principles of environmental sustainability, social equity, and economic resilience, Indian municipalities can overcome their current challenges and pave the way for a sustainable urban future. This research provides actionable insights and policy recommendations that can guide decision-makers and urban planners in their efforts to build resilient and thriving cities.

The Potential of Wood Construction Waste Circularity

Wood construction waste circularity presents enormous potential to significantly de-crease total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the European Union (EU). Latvia could become a frontrunner due to its historic relationship with forestry, wood construction practises and unused potential of the innovative application of wood. This research examines what the potential of “circular wood” in Latvia is, how ready the Latvian wood house construction sector is to engage in a circular economy and wood waste circularity and whether the legal framework is ready to support wood waste management in the country. This study presents a combined approach for systematic wood construction product circularity assessment that includes a review of existing EU and Latvian frameworks for construction and demolition waste (CDW) management and wood construction, a general analysis of wood waste recycling systems and technologies, a quantitative data analysis of construction waste management in Latvia and qualitative data analysis of the Latvian wood house construction sector, and interviews with a focus group of Latvian wood industry representatives. The Latvian scope has allowed us to clarify the pattern methodology and impact points to be replicated, tested and measured further on a broader scale, in other countries, or throughout the whole EU. The main findings reveal a potential life cycle assessment (LCA) verifying the circularity of wood and limitations of wood construction waste circularity in Latvia in terms of wood house construction industry readiness and a legal framework as well as overall social prejudices for circular construction. Findings indicate an overall awareness and level of willingness to participate and engage in the circular construction models among Latvians; however, proactiveness and support (legal and financial) is expected from the government and municipalities. The recommendations point towards improvements in wood waste data management, the wood construction sector and the overall impact on sustainable development goals.

Nudging pro-environmental behaviour in a subsidized waste recycling system: A field experimental study

This study explores the effect of nudging within a recycling system that views households as rational actors swayed by economic incentives to foster pro-environmental behaviour. In a field experiment involving over 10,000 Latvian households, we invited them to sign up for recyclables containers by emphasizing either the economic gains or losses associated with such a move. Alternatively, households were primed with social norms or received a message that altered the choice architecture by explicitly asking for feedback. Our findings complement the development of behavioural theories by demonstrating how intrinsic and extrinsic motivations interact with systemic factors. While all interventions increased container uptake relative to the no-message condition, the majority of households remained non-responsive. This indifference underscores the limitations of subsidized waste recycling systems, illustrating how minor alterations in contextual elements and choice architecture may not suffice to instigate meaningful behavioural shifts within such structured frameworks. The results emphasize that significant pro-environmental behaviour requires more than just nudging or financial incentives; nudges are crucial in highlighting systemic shortcomings and pointing towards more effective engagement strategies.

Effect of the ICT‐enabled reclaimer system on the informal waste recycling system in Cape Town, South Africa: The Regenize model

AbstractThe impact of information and communication technology (ICT)‐enabled waste management systems on municipal solid waste, waste reclaimer integration, and resource recovery is critical, particularly in the informal recycling sector. This study investigates the effects of the ICT‐enabled waste management system in Cape Town, South Africa, with a focus on the Regenize model. Leveraging digital technologies, the Regenize model aims to improve waste picker integration and resource recovery within the local waste management system. A qualitative research methodology involving semi structured interviews with key stakeholders in Cape Town's ICT‐enabled waste reclaimer system, data triangulation, and thematic content analysis was employed to investigate the system's transformative potential. Preliminary findings indicate the Regenize system's alignment with extended producer responsibility (EPR) principles and its embodiment of local entrepreneurial innovation. Waste pickers' active participation as cocreators of waste management mobile platforms has transitioned them from traditional waste collectors to technological contributors, enhancing their role in the waste management ecosystem. Furthermore, the ICT‐enabled waste reclaimer system has significantly regularized the status of foreign waste pickers, providing them with essential rights and access to banking services through mobile platforms. By utilizing Internet and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and the Internet of Things (IoT), the Regenize model not only improves resource recovery but also promotes sustainable waste management practices. This represents a substantial step towards inclusive urban waste management in Cape Town. The study's implications extend beyond Cape Town, offering valuable insights for enhancing waste management practices and promoting sustainability across South Africa's broader waste management landscape.

A Two-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis Approach Incorporating the Global Bounded Adjustment Measure to Evaluate the Efficiency of Medical Waste Recycling Systems with Undesirable Inputs and Outputs

With the ever-increasing focus on sustainable development, recycling waste and renewable use of waste products has earned immense consideration from academics and policy makers. The serious pollution, complex types, and strong infectivity of medical waste have brought serious challenges to management. Although several researchers have addressed the issue by optimizing medical waste management networks and systems, there is still a significant gap in systematically evaluating the efficiency of medical waste recycling systems. Therefore, this paper proposes a two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach that combines the virtual frontier and the global bounded adjustment measure (BAM-VF-G), considering both undesirable inputs and outputs. In the first stage, the BAM-G model is used to evaluate the efficiency of medical waste recycling systems, and the BAM-VF-G model is used to further rank super-efficient medical waste recycling systems. In the second stage, two types of efficiency decomposition models are proposed. The first type of models decompose unified efficiency into production efficiency (PE) and environment efficiency (EE). Depending upon the system structure, the second type of models decompose unified efficiency into the efficiency of the medical waste collection and transport subsystem (MWCS) and the efficiency of the medical waste treatment subsystem (MWTS). The novel approach is used to measure the efficiency of the medical waste recycling systems in China’s new first-tier cities, and we find that (1) Foshan ranks the highest in efficiency, followed by Tianjin and Qingdao, with efficiency values of 0.386, 0.180, and 0.130, respectively; (2) the EE lacks resilience and fluctuated the most from 2017 to 2022; and (3) the efficiency of MWCSs has always been lower than that of MWTSs and is a critical factor inhibiting the overall efficiency of medical waste recycling systems.

Research on smart city public health detection system and improvement technology based on intelligent multi-objective.

With the increase of urban population density, urban sanitation becomes more severe; urban sanitation has important influence on public health. Therefore, in order to realize the detection of public health in smart cities, the research will use cutting-edge scientific and technological methods to improve urban environmental health, so as to promote the realization of public health achievements. This study introduces public health detection and optimizationtechnologies for smart cities. Firstly, a data detection system for urban public health environment was established using sensors and intelligent multi-objective technology to evaluate the water quality, air quality, and noise level of the city. Then, an intelligent garbage management system based on Tensor-flow was constructed to achieve efficient garbage collection and treatment. Finally, an intelligent traffic management system was developed to monitor and regulate urban traffic flow. The results of the simulation experiment demonstrated that the life data detection system was operationally stable, with a high success rate of 98%. Furthermore, its accuracy in detecting residents' living environment data was above 95%, the maximum relative error was only 0.0465, making it a reliable and efficient tool. The waste recycling system achieved a minimum accuracy of 83.6%, the highest accuracy rate was 95.3%, making it capable of sorting and recycling urban waste effectively. Additionally, the smart traffic management system led to a 20% reduction in traffic congestion rates, 20 tonnes less tailpipe emissions and an improvement in public health and well-being. In summary, the plan proposed in this study aims to create a more comfortable, safe, and healthy urban public health environment, while providing theoretical support for environmental health management in smart cities.

Semiotic Analysis of "Hyundai Presents Re:Style 2020" Green Marketing in Automotive Ads

One detrimental consequence of the automotive industry's excessive production is the accumulation of end-of-life vehicles (ELV). ELV ought to be disposed of via a waste recycling system. As a result, the automotive sector bears a substantial obligation with regard to ELV. Hyundai is one of the automotive industries that has managed ELV effectively. The YouTube advertisement for the Hyundai Re:Style Presents 2020 model illustrates this. Hyundai's collaboration with fashion designers to recycle automobile byproducts including leather, airbags, seat belts, and glass is featured in the advertisement. They create fashion items from waste, including jewelry, denim jumpsuits, work vests, corsets, and tote bags. Researchers are intrigued by the pursuit of investigating the significance of the sign representation, the object, and the interpretant, as well as the implications of advertising within the framework of green marketing theory. To achieve this aim, the semiotic theory of Charles Sanders Peirce was employed by featuring a triadic model comprising an object, representation, and interpretant. Additionally, Sinh's green marketing framework was incorporated, comprising a green place, green product, green price, and green promotion. Consequently, A qualitative research based on Charles Sanders Peirce's semiotics was used. The results shows that the signs, objects, and interpretants in Hyundai advertisements show the meaning of green marketing.

Research on blockchain-based recycling mode of used power batteries led by the government

With the rapid development of the new energy automobile industry, the environmental safety problems brought by a large number of retired and used batteries have become increasingly prominent. Based on the analysis of the existing market, this paper summarizes the existing recycling mode of manufacturers as the main body, automobile dealers as the main body, and third parties as the main body, proposes a blockchain-based government-led strategic recycling alliance waste and new energy power battery recycling system model, and builds a waste power battery recycling cost model based on cost accounting. The problems encountered in reverse supply chain recycling and relevant countermeasures are proposed, which has important theoretical and practical significance for promoting the development of waste and new energy power battery recycling industry in Shandong Province.

Research on Drying Technology for Pressing Landscaping Waste - A case studay of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers

With the gradual enhancement of people's awareness of ecological environment and sustainable development, the concept of green and low-carbon development has received more and more attention. Building a waste recycling system has also become an important task for building a beautiful China. The art of pressed flowers is such an ecological industry for recycling abandoned landscaping plants. Hibiscus rosa- sinensis is a plant widely distributed and loved by the people in China. In order to explore the most suitable drying technology for pressing Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, we study the differences of petal color, anthocyanins content, pH value, enzyme activity, drying status, protecting color, flatness between no-pressed and two different drying methods. Compared with the fresh flowers, the L, a, and C values of dried petal were lower, the pH was higher, and the enzyme activity was lower. But the difference is not significant in anthocyanins content between them. Furthermore, the enzyme activity and pH value of pressed petal with microwave were lower than those with drying plate. On the contrary, the anthocyanins content of pressed petal with microwave was higher than that with drying plate. The final study data shows that microwave pressed flower with 80% microwave power and 60-second drying time, was better for drying Hibiscus rosa-sinensis than drying plate, this method leads to better pressed flower, so as to produce plant products that are more suitable for consumers' needs.

A Computer Science-Based Study of Resource Recycling Strategies in the Process of Continuous Urbanization

Abstract In the face of limited resources, recycling, as an advanced form of resource waste recovery and treatment, can effectively achieve the comprehensive goals of optimal utilization of resources, environmental protection, and sustainable economic development. A resource waste recycling system is established in this paper that is based on the reverse logistics system in circular logistics and takes into account the requirements of resource recycling. The MILP model of stochastic planning is established by analyzing the objective function and constraints of each parameter in the system and then using the genetic algorithm to solve the optimal scheme of resource recycling planning. Example analysis shows that the planning model proposed in this paper can design a reasonable and effective plan for resource recycling in the city, and the recycling volume of plastic bottles in City Z will reach 6.85 kilotons in 2024 after the implementation of the plan, which can bring high economic benefits to the city. The model presented in this paper takes into account as many factors in resource recycling as possible, which aids in providing an accurate scientific basis for resource recycling management decisions.

Анализ показателей масштабирования при оценке ресурсного потенциала объектов системы переработки нефтесодержащих отходов на основе метода DEA

The paper proposes a new approach to assessing the resource potential of the objects of the oil-contaminated waste (OCW) recycling system based on the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method, taking into account the constant and variable economies of scale, and a comparative analysis of the scaling indicators used in selecting the best facilities of the OCW recycling system in making informed managerial decisions. A four-stage calculation algorithm has been developed, in which the first stage determines estimates of the resource value of OCW in storage facilities. At the second and third stages, estimates of the resource potential of combinations of "OCW storage - recycling technology" are calculated taking into account constant and variable economies of scale, respectively, as well as the effect of scale (constant, increasing or decreasing), which characterizes the qualitative assessment of the scale properties of objects of the OCW recycling system. At the fourth stage, an assessment of the effectiveness of scaling, which characterizes the magnitude of the impact of scale of technological operations on the efficiency of OCW recycling in the analyzed system, and the optimal sequence of processing of OCW in storages by the criterion of increasing the resource potential of the system objects, taking into account indicators of scaling, is determined. By the example of the system of OCW recycling in the Samara region estimates of resource value of OCW in storages, assessment of resource potential of combinations "OCW storage – recycling technology" and corresponding indicators of scaling (effect of scale and evaluation of scaling efficiency) have been calculated. The comparison of two optimal sequences by the criterion of increasing the resource potential of the system objects, taking into account constant and variable economies of scale was made, and it is shown how the indicators of scaling can influence the adoption of sound management decisions.

By-Product from Livestock Waste Recovery System Used as Fertilizer: Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Tomato Fruit as Affected by Fertilization under Field and Greenhouse Conditions

Conversion of livestock manure into organic fertilizer is a sustainable strategy in crop production. In contrast to composted manure, the agronomic characteristics of an anaerobic digestion by-product, digestate, have not been well characterized. This study aimed to investigate the effects of digestate and compost, derived from a pilot-scale livestock waste recycling system, on bioactive compounds in tomato fruits. Both field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to compare the effects of these two organic fertilizers with the application of chemical fertilizer. These comparisons were made by evaluating their influence on tomato yield and bioactive compound contents and antioxidant activity of fruits. The experiment included a control (no fertilizer) and three fertilization treatments with the same nitrogen dose: chemical fertilizer, digestate, and compost. The results revealed that the application of digestate and compost yielded similar results in terms of tomato production, surpassing both the chemical fertilizer application and the control group under both field and greenhouse conditions. Fertilization exhibited a significant influence on the bioactive compound contents and antioxidant capacity of the fruits. Furthermore, the application of digestate and compost led to an increase in the concentration of sugars, phenolic compounds, and several organic acids in the fruits while simultaneously reducing the citric acid levels in comparison to the chemical fertilizer treatment. Moreover, the application of both organic fertilizers improved the total phenol and total flavonoid contents in tomato fruits, and the antioxidant capacity in fruits was significantly higher than that of the chemical fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, the application of digestate or compost derived from the livestock waste recycling system reduced use of chemical fertilizers and resulted in higher tomato yields and fruit with considerably superior bioactive compounds. The results suggested that using digestate or compost as an alternative to inorganic fertilizers for tomato cultivation could assist farmers in increasing productivity, improving the content of bioactive compounds in tomato fruit, and promoting agricultural waste management.

Textile Waste Recycling: A Need for a Stringent Paradigm Shift

Despite the fact that textile waste is almost entirely recyclable, approximately 75% of it ends up in landfills worldwide. This has serious environmental and economic consequences. This review focuses on textile waste statistics, its contribution to pollution and recycling, as well as the benefits, barriers, types, and technologies of textile waste recycling. Textile production and textile waste generation have increased alarmingly as a result of fast fashion, which emphasizes low-cost production, frequent consumption, and short-term use of garments. This industry is distinguished by scarcity of resources, excessive consumption, and the generation of large amounts of waste. The frequency of consumer purchases is increasing, while the life span of clothing is drastically decreasing. Recycling does not occur as expected for a variety of reasons, so the environmental impact and economic losses from this waste grow over time. The textile industry currently contributes about 8% of the global carbon budget and 20% of industrial water pollution. Every year, $500 billion is lost to the system due to unused clothing and a lack of recycling. A paradigm shift is urgently required to implement an effective textile waste recycling system.

Does the agricultural co-agglomeration help reduce livestock and poultry pollution? From the perspective of planting and breeding combination in China

Given the problem of considerable livestock and poultry pollution and the differentiation of the regional agricultural layout in China, the combination of planting and breeding (CPB) forms an agricultural co-agglomeration to recycle manure waste into croplands to reduce livestock and poultry pollution. This study aims to evaluate CPB co-agglomeration and empirically examine its effects on livestock and poultry pollution. Based on provincial data from 1997 to 2020 in China, this study constructed three indicators to evaluate CPB co-agglomeration, summarized its temporal and spatial characteristics, and conducted a spatial analysis using the Spatial Lag Model (SLM) to empirically investigate its effect on livestock and poultry pollution. The results showed that: first, from 1997 to 2020, the overall level of CPB co-agglomeration in China declined and the region with higher CPB co-agglomeration level transferred from the central provinces to the west provinces. Second, livestock and poultry pollution in most provinces had significantly positive spatial correlations with adjacent regions. The co-agglomeration of CPB had a significantly positive effect on reducing livestock and poultry pollution; however, the effect had no significant spatial spillover. Third, the breeding industry agglomeration and the moderate expansion of breeding industry scale significantly reduced pollution. These findings provide a reference for reducing livestock and poultry pollution by promoting CPB co-agglomeration to establish a waste recycling system. Optimizing the layout of the planting and breeding industry helps achieve the goal of long-term sustainable development of the breeding industry.

Evaluation of practical edge computing CNN‐based solutions for intelligent recycling bins

AbstractRapid economic growth has given rise to the urgent demand for more efficient waste recycling systems. An innovative smart recycling bin is proposed that automatically separates urban waste to increase the recycling rate. Over 1800 recycling waste images were collected and combined with an existing public dataset to train neural network classification models for two embedded systems, one incorporating a Jetson Nano and the other a K210 unit. The model developed reached an accuracy of 93.99% on the Jetson Nano and 94.61% on the K210. A user interface application was also designed to collect feedback from users during their interaction with the smart bin. In terms of power consumption, the system employing the Jetson Nano consumed 4.7 W, representing a 30% reduction in power consumption compared to previous work, while the K210 required just 0.89 W of power to operate. In summary, our work demonstrated a small‐scale, fully functional prototype of an energy‐efficient, high‐accuracy smart recycling bin, with the potential of commercialisation for the purpose of improving urban waste recycling.