Waste Paper Fibers Research Articles

폐지섬유보강 시멘트 복합체의 수분민감성 및 열화특성

폐지섬유보강 시멘트 복합체의 수분민감성 및 열화특성

Preparation of microcapsules composed of waste‐expanded polystyrene and paper fiber by semichemical recycle

AbstractMicrocapsules composed of waste paper fibers and plastics were prepared by semichemical recycle method. Newspaper and expanded polystyrene (EPS) for packing electric appliances were used as the raw materials of paper fiber (FB) and plastics, respectively. In this experiment, fibers were treated with a few surface treating agents prior to the encapsulation operation in order to improve the dispersability in the nonaqueous liquid phase and then in the shell of microcapsules. Microcapsules prepared thus were found to be of single‐cored type. Furthermore, it was found that the mechanical strength of microcapsules was increased by addition of fibers and there were the optimum concentrations of the surface treating agents. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 2662–2669, 2001

Aging effects on the structure and properties of recycled wastepaper fiber cement composites

Dry-processed wastepaper (magazine) fibers possess desirable mechanical characteristics as reinforcing fibers in cement-based matrices; up to 50% of virgin wood fibers have been replaced with wastepaper fibers in cement composites without any significant change in short-term performance characteristics. The large volumes of fibrous cement board used in building construction promise to provide wastepaper with a large-volume and high-value application. In this study, the effects of weathering on the performance of recycled wastepaper fiber-cement composites were investigated through accelerated aging tests simulating natural aging conditions. Microstructural studies were conducted in order to establish the mechanisms of aging in the composite material. These mechanisms provided the basis for the selection of certain refinements in the matrix composition, which were successfully evaluated for the control of weathering effects on the composite material structure and properties. The effects of aging and moisture on composites were best controlled by measures which reduced the calcium hydroxide content of hydration products and improved the watertightness and the structure of interface zones; these refinements were made using relatively high levels of cement replacement with silica fume or through full substitution of Portland cement with a special cement.

Waste paper usage and fiber flow in Western Europe

Abstract Using a unique data set, the flow of waste paper and wood fiber in Western Europe in 1990 is presented. The data have been collected from national trade statistics and international sources. We calculate the flow of waste paper and wood fiber in Western Europe in 2000 based on the flow in 1990 and using a set of assumptions about increased consumption, recovery rates and utilization rates. The result shows that the capacity for the Central European and English forest industry to absorb increasing amounts of waste paper is limited. To avoid an increase in the deposits of waste paper, the surplus must be exported to Scandinavia and/or used as energy.

古紙の利用（第１報） 古紙を原料とするファイバーボード

In order to utilize wastepaper effectively, fiberboards were made from low-grade wastepaper including newsprint. This wastepaper was defibrated by the dry-process. In this process we applied ozone treatment to the lignin in wastepaper fibers to increase adhesion during hot pressing.In this paper the effect of ozone treatment and the degree of defibration on the physical properties of the boards were discussed.The following results were obtained. 1. Judging from the electron micrograph observation and the fiber length distribution, damages caused by the dry-process defibration were small.2. The amount of ozone from 0.25 to 0.50 % based on fiber weight was effective to improve the physical properties of the boards. 3. The physical properties of the boards improved better proportional to reduction of a ratio of the shredded wastepaper content to totally defibrated fibers.

Opportunities for Composites from Recycled Wood Based Resources

AbstractA reduction is urgently needed in the quantities of industrial and municipal solid waste materials that are currently being landfilled. Major components of municipal solid waste include waste wood, paper, agriculture wastes, and other biomass fibers. In 1990, there were approximately 80 million tons of 6,000 different paper and paperboard products and 5.8 million tons of wood in the municipal solid waste stream. There are also potential millions of tons of wood fiber in timber thinnings, industrial wood waste, demolition waste, pallets, and pulp mill sludges. These materials offer great opportunities as recycled ingredients in wood-based composites. This paper discusses possibilities for manufacturing selected composites from these materials as well as materials which coexist with the wood-based resources such as plastics, fly ash, and gypsum.

Wastepaper fibres in plaster products

L'utilisation de certaines qualites de vieux papiers comme renforcement pour les produits a base de plâtre est acceptable si l'on peut tolerer des valeurs de tenacite assez faibles. La resistance a la flexion est suffisante pour l'utilisation comme materiau de construction

Wastepaper fibres in cement products

Wastepaper is an acceptable reinforcement for cement products. At fibre loadings of approximately 12% by mass the air cured cement composite has flexural strength of 18.2 MPa, fracture toughness value of approximately 1.0 kJ/m 2, water absorption value of 25% and a density of 1.43 g/cm 3. Quality wood fibre reinforcement ( P. radiata kraft pulp) provides similar values of water absorption and density but has superior values of flexural strength (28 MPa) and fracture toughness (2.3 J/m 2) at similar fibre content (12% by mass). The cost of wastepaper is, however, only 15–25% that of P. radiata kraft pulp and for certain applications must have an economic advantage over the more expensive kraft reinforcement.

Wastepaper fibres in cement products

Wastepaper fibres in cement products

Wastepaper Fibers in Cementitious Composites

The use of cellulose fibers, reclaimed from wastewater from paper recycling, as reinforcement in cementitious building products is discussed. An experimental program is based on the development of a material composed of Portland Cement mixed with sludge produced by the treatment of wastewater from a paper recycling plant. This sludge is composed primarily of cellulose fibers and Kaolinitic clay. The primary obstacle in the development of a mixing process is the problem of achieving an intimate mixing of the fibers and the cement, as the fibers tend to coalesce and form soft inclusions in the hardened mass. This problem is overcome by introducing the cement into the sludge prior to chemical or mechanical dewatering, followed by vibratory and pressure dewatering of the cement/sludge slurry. Optical and Electron microscope photographs clearly indicate the differences between mixing techniques. Physical properties of the resulting mass are measured as a function of varying mix proportions and mixing techniques. Compressive strength on the order of 10.3 MPa (1,500 psi), and tensile strength on the order of 2.8 MPa (400 psi) have been obtained.