Waste Collection System Research Articles

Establishing an importance-performance evaluating framework under integrating adaptive capacity for community-based plastic waste management

This study aims to conduct an importance-performance evaluation framework under the theoretical aspects of adaptive capacity for community-based plastic waste management (CBPWM). Additionally, we identified the matrix of the importance-performance levels of CBPWM, and estimated the community’s adaptive behavior towards CBPWM. The results indicate that residents have a high perception of the importance of all adaptation indicators in CBPWM, but perceive the indicators’ implementation is plagued by poor performance. The respondents emphasize the significance of several adaptation indicators that can enhance the adaptive capacity for CBPWM, namely, “developing waste collection systems”, “building connections between resident associations”, “collaborating among stakeholder’s groups”, “adopting a zero-waste lifestyle”, and “empowering independent waste collectors”. The study also reveals that socioeconomic, perceptual, and behavioral factors related to adaptation indicators impact residents’ willingness to participate in CBPWM strategies. This study is valuable as a starting point for building community adaptive capacity for plastic waste management. It is relevant to addressing both current and future plastic pollution problems in Vietnam, as it is based on actual assessments of the community. Determining the importance and performance of adaptive indicators provides valuable insights for policymakers in developing mechanisms and promoting opportunities for CBPWM.

Predicting residents' adoption intention for smart waste classification and collection system

Smart waste classification and collection systems improve workload balances while promoting environmental sustainability. Consumer acceptability is critical for effectively implementing novel and upcoming techniques to enhance ecological sustainability and minimize pollution. The current study looked at the factors that impact Chinese residents' intention to use smart waste classification and collection systems, using Shanghai as a case study. The study extended an integrated theory of planned behavior and technology acceptance model with community engagement. 514 valid responses from a questionnaire survey were examined using structural equation modeling. The main findings indicate that residents' adoption intentions are influenced by their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and perceived usefulness. There was no statistically significant link between adoption intention and community engagement. However, community engagement influence residents' intention via attitude. The study provides a robust standard for understanding smart waste classification and collection systems adoption intention in ecological sustainability and pro-environmental consumption. Also, the study provides policymakers and stakeholders with comprehensive policy recommendations to promote public patronage and involvement in local community smart waste classification systems initiatives.

Methodology to quantify single-use plastic products in municipal solid waste Part 2: Quantification of tobacco products with filters in Germany.

Discharge from unrestricted tobacco products with filters (TPF) causes environmental damage. To reduce TPF litter quantities, Directive (EU) 2019/904 requires TPF producers to proportionally contribute to the costs of discarding their products in public waste collection systems, including litter waste ones. An appropriate output-based cost model requires assessing TPF quantities in relevant waste streams. Currently, there is no comprehensive data available on TPF quantities in municipal solid waste (MSW). Therefore, a case study was conducted to quantify TPF in MSW. This study aimed to determine TPF quantities (1) in residual waste from four German district types and (2) in waste from public collection systems for three settlement structures within Trier City. Relevant waste streams from public collection systems, namely waste from public waste receptacles, street-cleaning waste and sinkhole residues, were identified. For both sampling campaigns, consideration was given to extrapolating the results to a larger scale. The results showed that the average specific TPF quantities in residual waste were 277.7, 271.8, 193.3 and 204.5 gi- 1a- 1 in the selected city district, urban district, densely populated rural district and sparsely populated rural district, respectively. Extrapolation of these results to Germany yielded a specific TPF quantity in residual waste of 250.3 gi-1a-1. The average specific TPF quantities in waste from public waste receptacles, street-cleaning waste and sinkhole residues were 12.2, 47.4 and 9.9 gi-1a- 1, respectively. The results could contribute to cost model development based on Directive (EU) 2019/904.

URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANNING IN KABUL NEW CITY, AFGHANISTAN: A CASE STUDY

The municipal solid waste collection system and services of existing Kabul City are not acceptable socially, economically, and environmentally. This study was carried out in 2020–2021 for the Phase-1 area of Kabul New City (KNC). The study aims to analyze different MSWCSS for the KNC area and choose the best option during the planning stage. The average incremental cost for different collection systems was determined, and the results show that the total annualized cost (AN) of the proposed waste collection system (PWCS) is 855.3699 AFN/tonne, while the total operation and maintenance cost (OP) is 577.1235 AFN/tonne. The AN and OP of the stand-alone underground waste collection system (SAUWCS), tailored collection point system, traditional (prevailed) system, and alley waste collection system (AWCS) are 911.3032 AFN/tonne and 499.9017AFN/tonne, 1,681.762 AFN/tonne and 1,267.28 AFN/tonne, 308.9254 AFN/tonne and 186.3363 AFN/tonne, and 716.7706 AFN/tonne and 410.5375 AFN/tonne, respectively. The social and environmental analysis for the PWCS, SAUWCS, existing system, and AWCS obtained scores of 19, 29, -6, 17, and -5, respectively. From the cost-benefit analysis, it has been proposed that for the PWCS of low-rise residential areas, three wheelie bins of different colors will be provided to each housing unit. The total costs per tonne of solid waste for the PWCS, SAUWCS, TCPS, and traditional system are 2,832.1952, 3,638.137205, 3,888.6272, 751.45984, and 1,975.8152, respectively. For the PWCS of residential areas, chute waste collection systems are planned for high-rise apartment buildings and SAUWCSs are planned in commercial areas.

The Role of Logispreneurs in Advancing Waste Management in Malaysia: Towards a Sustainable Reverse Logistics and Green Future

Waste management has emerged as a critical challenge in Malaysia, driven by rapid urbanization, industrialization and changing consumption patterns. In response to these challenges, logispreneurs, a new breed of entrepreneurs with expertise in logistics and supply chain management, have emerged as key players in transforming waste management practices in the country. This research explores the vital roles and contributions of logispreneurs in the context of waste management in Malaysia, focusing on their efforts to enhance efficiency, sustainability, and environmental responsibility. Through a simple literature analysis, this study highlights the multifaceted roles that logispreneurs play in shaping the waste management landscape. They pioneer integrated waste collection and transportation systems, leveraging advanced technologies and data analytics to optimize routes and reduce carbon footprints. Moreover, logispreneurs lead the way in establishing reverse logistics networks for recyclable materials, fostering excellent recycling rates and diverting substantial waste from landfills. Logispreneurs specialize in managing hazardous waste materials, and ensuring safe transportation and disposal while complying with environmental regulations. They also contribute to public awareness and education campaigns, raising consciousness about sustainable waste management practices nationwide. This study elucidates the pivotal role logispreneurs play in revolutionizing waste management practices in Malaysia. Their logistics expertise and environmental consciousness amalgam present a promising pathway toward a sustainable future. By optimizing supply chain efficiencies, driving innovation and embracing social and environmental responsibility, logispreneurs are instrumental in building a resilient waste management ecosystem that ensures preservation of Malaysia's natural resources and safeguards the well-being of its citizens for generations to come.

Demonstration of a contactless waste collection system: A Japanese case study

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has increased the need for social distancing and improved sanitation to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. In the waste management sector, protecting the safety and health of waste collection labourer has become a priority. In Japan, the labour shortage problem and ageing demography have intensified the need for contactless waste collection technology. This study responds to this need by reviewing the global practice of smart waste collection technologies and observing the situation of the Japanese waste collection system through participant observation. Based on the identified trends and status, the authors developed a contactless waste collection system and tested it on an actual working site. The demonstration showed that the system could safely lift a 700 L waste container containing 212 kg of waste to the collection truck without human contact. Labourers can be reduced from 2 to 1 person to operate the collection truck. This study also discovered the smart bin's potential to motivate the reduction of packaging waste consumption.

The Escalation of Informal Settlement and the High Levels of Illegal Dumping Post-Apartheid: Systematic Review

Illegal disposal of solid waste is a significant issue in many parts of the world, particularly in urban areas. Because of unprecedented urbanization, these areas are crowded, putting pressure on the already inadequate municipal services such as waste management. As municipalities fail to provide adequate and effective waste management services, the expansion and proliferation of informal settlements contribute to the problem of illegal dumping. Apartheid spatial planning produced environmentally unsustainable cities characterized by glaring disparities in municipal resource allocation, disturbingly inefficient transportation systems, and widespread urban insecurity. Therefore, this study examines how the expansion of informal settlement at an unprecedented rate contributes to illegal dumping post-apartheid by conducting a systematic review. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a literature search from 1994 to 2023 was conducted in the field of waste management. The review focuses on three key aspects: (1) factors that contribute to illegal dumping in townships; (2) waste management laws during apartheid and post apartheid; and (3) waste collection system in townships and spatial planning. South Africa’s inequality is a major contributor to environmental degradation. The situation was exacerbated by efforts to prevent urban migration and forcefully remove black people from cities; apartheid ideology justified the dormitory-like nature of urban townships. In the South African context, the literature reveals that there is a research gap in the application of technologies and effective waste management plans to keep up with the growing number of informal settlements. Furthermore, despite progressive environmental policies, implementation has been ineffective. This study offers valuable evidence on the spatial and temporal dynamics of informal settlements, addressing both the location and time aspects. A robust government-led Community Participation in Solid Waste Management program is required immediately.

Designing sustainable logistics networks for classified municipal solid wastes collection and transferring with multi-compartment vehicles

The success stories of waste classification and processing systems in reducing emissions and conserving natural resources have inspired many countries to adopt similar systems. The current research on waste collection logistics network design is limited in capturing the features of waste classification systems. The environmental objectives, the use of multi-compartment vehicles to separate waste and reduce driving distance, and the joint decision-making of transfer station locations and vehicle routes are not integrated into the same optimization framework. This study aims to investigate the strategic planning of transfer stations and vehicle fleet dispatch in a city-level classified waste collection system. The problem is formulated as an integer programming problem that minimizes total travel costs while considering greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To solve the problem effectively, we propose a fast hybrid heuristic algorithm based on column generation (CG) and Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS). The proposed algorithm framework is tested on various instances and applied to a real-sized logistics network in Chengdu, China. Computational results indicate that the proposed algorithm achieves high efficiency while maintaining a satisfactory gap. The results confirm that introducing the waste classification system can help reduce total travel costs and greenhouse gas emissions.

A Pilot Project Using Sensors in the Municipal Solid Waste Collection of a Medium-Sized City

Municipal solid waste collection must reach the recycling rates required by new regulations, like with the introduction of new bins to collect the organic fraction. The filling pattern of those bins is unknown, and the collection frequency and collection routes can change. Sensors can help to identify the filling degree and to reorganize the waste collection routes. Yet, equipping all the bins with new technologies can represent a significant amount of money for enterprises and public authorities. The aim of this work is to analyze the use of sensors in waste collection systems where the collection frequency is high. Bins from two zones of a town (a residential and a commercial zone) were selected, and a volumetric sensor was installed to study the filling pattern. In the first scenario, the organic fraction and the mixed waste bin were monitored. In the second experiment, data from mixed waste bins were recorded during two days of the week. Results show that the filling degree pattern is similar in all the cases and that citizens do not respect the recommended times for taking their waste out. Additionally, the cost of the sensors represents a significant amount for a medium-sized town. Although sensors can provide a great amount of information, it is not necessary to install them in all the bins but only at the points to be analyzed. This work proposes a new way to use sensors to validate and calibrate the containerization network of a town with a high collection frequency.

KKN UMD 174 Universitas Jember Menggagaskan Kegiatan Bank Sampah di Desa Condro

Garbage has become a national problem and a very important issue in the environment. In essence, waste will not decrease or run out, in fact it will continue to increase along with the increase in population. In the waste collection system in both RTs, each household provides a sack or trash bag as a place for collecting plastic waste. Plastic waste that has been collected for 1-2 weeks will be exchanged with waste collectors who have collaborated at the waste bank post in each RT. It is hoped that the establishment of a waste bank can help reduce the amount of waste that is disposed of in landfills. Waste that can be recycled will be sorted and processed further.

Theoretical analysis of the selective collection process in the city of Manaus

This article presents a theoretical analysis of the selective waste collection process in the city of Manaus. The methodology adopted follows a qualitative approach, employing investigative resources derived from bibliographical and documentary research. The overall objective of this study is to comprehend, verify, and describe the operational aspects of the selective waste collection process in Manaus. By examining existing literature and relevant documents, the study aims to gain insights into the functioning and effectiveness of the city's waste collection system. The analysis will contribute to the understanding of key factors that influence the success of selective collection initiatives, providing valuable information for future urban waste management strategies. The findings may pave the way for sustainable waste management practices in Manaus and serve as a reference for other cities facing similar challenges.

Microplastics in waste management systems: A review of analytical methods, challenges and prospects

Numerous studies have reported the presence of microplastics (MPs) in waste collection and disposal systems. However, current scientific studies on measuring MP occurrence in a waste management context are not comparable due to a lack of standardized methodologies. Consequently, the impact of MPs on ecosystems and human health remains largely unclear. To address the inconsistencies, present in published studies, this review thoroughly examines sample preparation techniques for transfer stations, landfill leachate, recycling, compost, and incineration ash samples. Furthermore, various analytical approaches such as flotation, filtration, and organic matter digestion, as well as morphological categorization, identification, and quantification, are subsequently rigorously assessed. The benefits and limitations of each methodology are evaluated to facilitate the development of accurate and effective methods for detecting and characterizing nanoplastics. Recent research suggests that plastic recycling and composting facilities are the primary environmental sources of microplastic pollution among different waste treatment methods. The most prevalent microplastic types discovered in waste management were polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), with fragment and fiber being the most frequently reported morphologies. The review highlights a number of tactics that could be integrated into the methodology development for detecting microplastics in waste management systems (WMS), ultimately leading to better consistency and reliability of data across different studies. In essence, this will advance our comprehension of potential risks associated with microplastics.

Fuel consumption rate and emissions variability in waste collection services routes: case study of Cascais Ambiente

In the design waste collection systems, it is common practice to use a constant specific fuel consumption (e.g. litres per amount of waste collected or distance travelled). This is also the approach used in many cases for fleet management, namely, for decision-making on more fuel-efficient equipment acquisition. However, the specific fuel consumption is not constant and there are spatial and temporal variations. Accounting for this variability becomes relevant if a more refined cost or environmental optimization is intended. The present research effort evaluates the energy intensity of the waste collection service in the Cascais municipality, reporting the differences and the magnitude of the variability for the mixed waste collection service. Statistically significant differences are found between the circuits, the trucks, months of the year and days of the week. It is discussed that extrapolating average fuel consumption rates for decision-making in new waste collection systems may be prone to substantial error.

Sustainability indicators applied to a local strategy context: Proposals to improve selective waste collection systems involving waste picker organizations

Sustainability indicators applied to a local strategy context: Proposals to improve selective waste collection systems involving waste picker organizations

The Waste War: on the electoral costs of local sustainability policies

ABSTRACT Sometimes, environmentally successful policies fail, not because of personal attitudes or technical feasibility, but because of the electoral dispute. Using fixed effects, Difference-in-Difference estimators and opinion polls, this paper scrutinises the electoral cost of introducing a door-to-door (D-t-D) waste collection system in the Basque province of Gipuzkoa (Spain). D-t-D aimed to raise sorting rates in order to make the construction of an incinerator redundant. Separate collection improved significantly, but estimates show that the main opposition party increased its vote share by 12% points in the following municipal elections as a result of the policy. Seeking the reasons for the opposition’s success, opinion polls reveal that D-t-D was surrounded by controversy and lack of information that even led citizens to perceive it as environmentally less efficient. In this context, citizens were unwilling to accept the change in habits that the new waste collection system entailed if they saw their efforts diluted in the electoral dispute. The article concludes that not only the environmental performance, but also the perceived effectiveness of the policy, a climate of social trust and the provision of participation mechanisms are determinants for the electoral success of green policies.

Assessment and development of the selective waste collection at the University of Miskolc

The importance of a selective waste collection system cannot be underestimated in today's economy. It can be seen as a principle of individual and social responsibility to reduce some of the pollution caused by over-consumption. Selective waste collection is an important pillar of circular economy, but there are still many sceptics and unwillingness to do so in Hungary. There are many ways to reduce this phenomenon, but without physical selective collection points, the system will unfortunately not work. The aim of this publication is to assess the location of these collection points in the University of Miskolc and to propose ways to improve their distribution.

Pneumatic waste collection system - A proposed innovation for Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee Campus, India

Solid Waste Management (SWM) is a challenging issue to be addressed in most of the urban centres in India. Heavy population densities and exponential growth of the cities’ boundaries, due to migration, create kiosks to the cities’ resources such as land and other amenities. In such cities, the unsegregated waste gets generated in huge quantities while the rest are dumped in landfill sites without any specific treatment. Centralised and holistic approaches are missing, as most of the waste-to-energy & waste treatment plants are either getting closed or not working to its fullest efficiency. The strategies for a decentralised collection system, segregation and treatment of waste are not usually standard practices. In spite of the global impacts being pretty visible due to global warming, a massive amount of plastic gets dumped into ocean, which reaches the human beings via food chain and results in the most number of incurable diseases like cancer. Further, it also results in rapid extinction of the indigenous species. Campuses are known as mini-city or autonomous urban centres for knowledge sharing and the development of innovations. The time is here to make the Indian campuses smatter in collecting and treating the waste on their premises. Hence, the pneumatic collection process of the garbage can play an essential role in making the campus, an advanced and a sustainable one. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a compact and a decentralised strategy to manage the waste in various urban centres. Also, a formalised informal sector of waste could be contributing to further recycling and processing of the garbage on the campus. The aim of the current research investigation is to identify various possibilities for making the campus, a smart one, in terms of waste management. Furthermore, the study also intends to find out how the compact, decentralised waste collection methods in urban can manage their solid waste in the limited available space. Making zero-waste campuses is a herculean task and a massive challenge must be dealt with immediately to help the cities achieve long-term sustainability.

Challenges of household medical waste collection systems: an analysis of regulatory instruments and stakeholders in three Latin American countries

Household medical waste is often improperly disposed of in several countries, despite the presence of a collection mechanism. This study attempts to identify the challenges of medical waste collection systems, focusing on the regulatory instruments and the stakeholders involved in this process in Brazil, Chile, and Colombia. A descriptive analysis was conducted to identify the differences between these countries. The results reveal that, in general, only 7 out of the 20 regulatory instruments for solid waste are applied in the household medical waste collection process, focusing on the direct stakeholders in the human medicines market, from manufacturers to consumers. The main challenges identified are incorporating veterinary medicines, defining roles for all stakeholders involved, such as healthcare providers and health teaching institutions, and expanding the use of regulatory instruments. These findings support the use of legislation to reduce the stakeholder contributions gap for the collection of household medical waste.

Municipal Solid Waste Management using GIS Analysis: A Case Study of Sehwan City

One of the fundamental issues of the 21st century, and one of the key tasks of a municipal administration is to manage solid waste effectively and efficiently. Cities are developing extremely, and the issue of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is becoming critical, as a result of the growth in quantity and complexity of generated waste and the shortage of land for its disposal. By 2050, the world's waste creation will have more than doubled the rate of population increase. The area is mostly residential, and most of the solid waste is created in the home, such as food and vegetable waste. There are few bins places in Sehwan city and those are not placed at the proper location, due to this reason inhabitants of the city are throwing their municipal waste on the street sides and vacant plots. The research aim of the study was to develop a GIS technology. This research contained three objectives, to Identify the existing municipal solid waste management condition and their effect on different factors such as health and the environment, to Reallocation of waste collection bins in the study area using GIS buffer analysis, and to propose a route plan for the collection of municipal solid waste using GIS network analysis. Furthermore, based on GIS technology, this work provides a framework for optimizing the waste collection and transportation system. The result showed that the misplacement of waste bins the Sehwan city can affect the environment, waste laying around the bins cause land pollution, and also municipal waste on road, affects the health of people. More than 82% of the inhabitants are unsatisfied with the management of the solid waste disposal system in the study area also 90% of residents are suffered from different diseases. This study will help the planner and authorities cope with the issues of municipal solid waste. Municipal authorities need to follow technologies and research studies for solving the solid waste issues of local peoples’ in their city.

Food and Garden Organic Waste Management in Australia: Co-Benefits for Regional Communities and Local Government

Landfilling organic waste generates greenhouse gases and contributes to climate change. While the management of organic waste has been identified by all tiers of Australian government as paramount to meeting net zero emissions targets, diversion of domestic organic waste from landfill is primarily the responsibility of local government. This review of academic and grey literature considers developments in food organics and garden organics collections in Australia and the implications for regional communities. It reviews source-separated collections and the treatment of organic waste administered by regional local governments and identifies there is a dearth of information in this area. Key knowledge gaps emerging from the study include: (1) There is a disconnect between the various state governments’ policies, strategies, and regulation of organics diversion and action on mandating or supporting kerbside collections; (2) there is insufficient funding and subsidy to encourage councils to implement collection systems, and (3) the community has limited understanding of the cost and environmental burden of waste, and subsequently there is no willingness to pay for collection systems. This paper outlines how these issues contribute to individual regional councils deferring kerbside organic waste collection systems and offers recommendations that could enable the achievement of more ideal diversion targets that are relevant to, and affordable for, their local communities.