Waste Of Resources Research Articles

Manganese Quality Detection in Mining Using IoT

Abstract: Manganese mining operations are fundamental to various industries, and the demand for high-quality manganese ore is ever-increasing. The efficient extraction and processing of manganese ore are not just industrial necessities but also imperative for economic viability and environmental sustainability. This research highlights the transformative impact of manganese detection systems, offering a sophisticated solution to the challenges faced by manganese mining operations. Consequently, this leads to optimized processes, reduced resource wastage, and, ultimately, significant cost savings. It explores in detail the advantages of manganese detection systems in the context of manganese mining. By providing a comprehensive analysis of the technology's capabilities, it aims to guide mining industry stakeholders towards informed decision-making regarding sensor integration.

Transformative Approaches to Agricultural Sustainability: Automation, Smart Greenhouses, and AI

Agricultural sustainability is continually undermined by climate change, resource depletion, and the increasing worldwide need for food. Fundamental technologies, including automation, smart greenhouses, and artificial intelligence (AI), are changing modern agricultural methods by providing novel ways to improve sustainability in farming. This review study examines the significance of these technologies in advancing sustainable agricultural systems, particularly their effects on resource optimization, environmental conservation, and economic efficiency. Automation technologies, such as robots, drones, and autonomous vehicles, enhance farm management by enhancing efficiency and minimizing resource waste. Intelligent greenhouses, fitted with IoT sensors and temperature regulation systems, provide precise management of environmental conditions, therefore improving agricultural output while minimizing water and energy use. AI-driven technologies, including machine learning and predictive analytics, enhance crop health monitoring, pest management, and yield prediction, enabling data-informed decision-making. The research analyses the combination of various technologies, focusing their synergies in developing comprehensive smart agricultural systems that promote enduring sustainability. Despite the apparent promise, challenges like substantial initial investment, technological intricacy, and scalability persist. This review continues by addressing future directions, policy implications, and research requirements for promoting the use of these technologies to enhance global agricultural sustainability.

Supply chain management: Balancing efficiency and environmental responsibility

Supply chain management (SCM) is a cornerstone of global commerce, driving efficiency and cost-effectiveness in production and distribution networks. However, the rising urgency of environmental sustainability has placed traditional SCM practices under scrutiny, as their reliance on linear models often leads to resource depletion, carbon emissions, and waste generation. Balancing efficiency with environmental responsibility requires a paradigm shift toward sustainable supply chain practices that integrate economic, social, and ecological goals. This approach emphasizes optimizing resource utilization, minimizing waste, and reducing the environmental footprint without compromising operational efficiency. This article explores the multifaceted challenges and opportunities of aligning supply chain efficiency with sustainability. It examines key practices such as green procurement, waste reduction, and the adoption of circular economy principles that promote recycling, reuse, and resource regeneration. The role of technology, including artificial intelligence, blockchain, and IoT, in enhancing supply chain transparency and efficiency is also discussed. Additionally, the article highlights the importance of collaboration among stakeholders—suppliers, manufacturers, policymakers, and consumers—in fostering sustainable supply chains. Global examples and case studies from industries such as manufacturing, retail, and agriculture illustrate the feasibility and benefits of sustainable SCM. Metrics for assessing success, barriers to scaling sustainable practices, and future directions for innovation and policy are examined. By integrating efficiency with environmental responsibility, sustainable supply chain management emerges as a vital strategy for achieving long-term economic resilience and environmental stewardship.

Sustainable supply chain practices: Driving efficiency, reducing waste, and promoting circular economy models

As the world increasingly focuses on sustainability, supply chain management has become a vital lever for the realization of environmental, social, and economic goals. Also, linear supply chain models that are traditional in nature (such as extract, consume, and dispose) lead to serious environmental degradation along with an enormous amount of resource depletion. On the other hand, sustainable supply chain initiatives focus on waste reduction, resource efficiency, and circular economy approaches that prioritize reuse, recycling, and recovery. Integrating sustainability into these supply chain strategies can improve operational efficiency, drive costs down, and meet stakeholder expectations for business environmental stewardship. These strategies involve implementing green procurement practices, optimizing logistics to minimize their carbon footprints, and incorporating new technological solutions (like IoT and blockchain) to improve sustainability transparency and traceability. These practices allow organizations to trace materials throughout their lifecycle, support accountability, and promote closed-loop systems supporting circularity. In addition, the collaboration between stakeholders will determine sustainable initiatives; suppliers, manufacturers, and consumers to name a few. Implementing sustainable supply chain practices is not without its challenges, including high initial costs, technological barriers, and complex regulatory landscapes. Solving for these issues takes policy incentives, investment in innovation, and stakeholder engagement. The role of the key findings and challenges of sustainable strategies for supply chain practices in the development of a circular economy model. By examining case studies as well as emerging trends, it provides key takeaways for organizations striving to navigate the delicate balance between efficiency and sustainability, with the end goal of fostering a resilient and eco-conscious future for all.

Modeling and Optimization of Chemical Pretreatment for Enhanced Co-Digestion of Paper Sludge

<p>In papermaking industry, large water consumption and hazardous wastes generation, particularly paper sludge, present environmental challenges. This study focuses on the valorization of the paper sludge by optimizing the extraction of total sugars through chemical treatment under various operating conditions. A central composite design was used to investigate treatment conditions, by varying chemical treatment agent (sulfuric acid, H2SO4, phosphoric acid, H3PO4, sodium hydroxide, NaOH, and hydrogen peroxide, H2O2), agent concentration (0.75%, 1.5%, and 2%) and treatment duration (up to 140 minutes). Additionally, experiments were conducted to assess biogas production, with monitoring of key parameters such as  cumulative biogas volume, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total sugar. Results were analyzed using the modified Seaman model to elucidate chemical treatment reaction mechanisms. Optimal conditions, achieved with 2% (v/v) sulfuric acid treatment at 100°C for 120 minutes, yielded a maximum total sugar concentration of 1738.96 mg/L. These findings demonstrate the potential for efficient utilization of paper sludge for bioconversion into biogas, contributing to sustainable waste management and resource recovery. </p>

Optimizing Inventory Control Using Min-Max Method for Sustainable Manufacturing Process

Inventory plays an important role in a company's production process, especially in the sustainable manufacturing industry. The inventory of raw materials such as rayon, polyester, and cotton is an essential element that needs to be controlled to maintain a smooth production process. This research aims to plan and control raw materials through the min-max method, with a focus on evaluating inventory control to identify and overcome existing problems in the raw material warehouse at a yarn and textile manufacturing company. The results show that each type of raw material has a different reorder level, which guides the company in avoiding the risk of shortage or excess stock. By applying the right reorder level, the company can improve its production efficiency and inventory management. This research contributes to the practice of inventory control in the sustainable manufacturing industry, which supports operational stability and minimizes resource wastage. The implications of the findings could expand the application of min-max method-based inventory control in other industries to support operational sustainability.

Unlocking the Potential of RFA and Stabilizers in High Moisture Geotechnical Applications

In recent decades, rapid urbanization has generated a large amount of waste soft soil and construction debris, resulting in severe environmental pollution and posing significant challenges to engineering construction. To address this issue, this study explores an innovative approach that synergistically applies recycled fine aggregate (RFA) and soil stabilizers to improve the mechanical properties of soft soil. Through laboratory experiments, the study systematically examines the effects of different mixing ratios of RFA (20%, 40%, 60%) and soil stabilizers (10%, 15%, 20%) with red clay. After standard curing, the samples underwent water immersion maintenance for varying durations (1, 5, 20, and 40 days). Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical performance of the samples, and the mechanisms were further analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size distribution (PSD) analysis. The results indicate that the optimal performance is achieved with 20% RFA and 20% stabilizer, reaching the highest UCS value after 40 days of water immersion. This improvement is primarily attributed to the formation of a dense reticulated structure, where RFA particles are effectively encapsulated by clay particles and stabilized by hydration products from the stabilizer, forming a robust structural system. Unconsolidated undrained (UU) tests reveal that peak deviatoric stress increases with confining pressure and stabilizer content but decreases when excessive RFA is added. Shear strength parameter analysis demonstrates that both the internal friction angle (φ) and cohesion (c) are closely related to the content ratios, with the best performance observed at 20% stabilizer and 20% RFA. PSD analysis further confirms that increasing stabilizer content enhances particle aggregation, while SEM observations visually illustrate a denser microstructure. These findings provide a feasible solution for waste soft soil treatment and resource utilization of construction debris, as well as critical technical support and theoretical guidance for geotechnical engineering practices in high-moisture environments.

Theoretical Modelling, Experimental Testing and Simulation Analysis of Thermal Properties for Green Building-Insulation Materials

In this study, 45 alternative green materials for building walls were experimentally produced, utilizing renewable (epoxidized sesame oil), natural (clay), and waste (Seyitömer fly ash) resources. These materials were evaluated based on key technical properties such as mass, tensile-compressive strength, and thermal conductivity, all of which are essential for construction and insulation applications. Subsequently, theoretical modeling was conducted for the material coded SE45, which demonstrated the lowest thermal conductivity. Through mathematical calculations, the theoretical thermal conductivity value was determined with a deviation of +5.88%. Furthermore, 48 alternative scenarios were designed for three different building envelope types (internally insulated, externally insulated, and sandwich), using commonly used building insulation materials alongside the sesame oil-based green material with the lowest thermal conductivity (SE45). Energy performance evaluations were conducted by analyzing temperature distributions along the walls of all designed scenarios using ANSYS simulations under the climatic conditions of Ankara, Turkey.

Microbial upcycling of agricultural cabbage waste into novel dietary carotenoid, phytoene: Advancing circular economy from waste to natural products

Growing concerns over food shortages and climate-related environmental issues have increased interest in technologies that recycle renewable resources and add value to byproducts. Here, we report microbial upcycling of agricultural cabbage waste (ACW) into phytoene, a novel dietary carotenoid through rational metabolic engineering. To make the base strain, the ability to produce phytoene was initially tested in various E. coli strains harboring the crtB and crtE genes that are essential for phytoene synthesis. Next, the mevalonate biosynthetic pathway gene cluster was introduced to further increase carbon flux toward phytoene production. Finally, the gene cluster for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P3HB] biosynthesis was further introduced into the phytoene-producing strain to increase phytoene storage capacity and enhance photostability of phytoene. The final engineered strain PHY4 produced 9.51 mg/L (5.6 mg/g DCW) of phytoene, with a productivity of 0.4 mg/L/h from 1% ACW hydrolysates, resulting in approximately a 22.1-fold increase in phytoene titer compared to the base strain PHY1 (0.43 ± 0.06 mg/L) from 10 g/L of glucose. Moreover, the PHY4 strain exhibited a three-fold improvement in photostability for phytoene. The strategies reported here will be useful for the microbial upcycling of various waste resources into high-valued natural products.

Exploring Circular Economy Strategies in Buildings: Evaluating Feasibility, Stakeholders Influence, and the Role of the Building Lifecycle in Effective Adoption

The concept of circular economy (CE) has emerged as an effective strategy for addressing resource depletion, waste generation, and environmental challenges, offering a promising path towards a more sustainable future. In the building sector, adopting CE principles can significantly mitigate environmental impacts, minimize lifecycle costs, and promote sustainability throughout a building’s lifecycle. Using a mixed-method approach via a pre-interview questionnaire and semi-structured interviews with 10 sustainability experts, this study analyses the significance of 15 CE strategies in building construction projects, assessing their importance and ranking their potential for adoption. Furthermore, this study evaluates the feasibility of applying CE principles to different building types, including storage, industrial, commercial, residential, business, and healthcare facilities. The role of lifecycle stages including initiation and planning, design, procurement, construction, operation and maintenance, and end of life is examined to identify phases with the highest potential for successfully embracing CE principles. The role of stakeholders in driving change is also analyzed. The outcomes of this study reveal that the most feasible strategies include the use of renewable energy, design for durability and longevity, prefabrication, and offsite construction. The study findings indicate that storage, industrial, and business (office) buildings are the most feasible for CE application, while the initiation and planning and design stages are identified as critical phases for embracing CE adoption. Owners and designers emerge as the stakeholders with the greatest influence on CE implementation. The results of this study provide a comprehensive overview of the feasibility of CE adoption in the building sector. These findings offer valuable insights that can inform the development of targeted strategies to support the effective adoption of CE principles.

Penurunan Non Revenue Water (NRW) melalui Analisis Neraca Air dan Indikator Kinerja pada Wilayah Pelayanan Pilang Raya Perumda Air Minum Tirta Giri Nata Kota Cirebon

Perumda Air Minum Tirta Giri Nata Kota Cirebon as BUMD with healthy performance and has Full Cost Recovery (FCR), but has a high NRW value of 37.97% in 2023. Based on the monthly distribution report during February 2024 - April 2024, the location with the highest leakage report is the Pilang Raya service area with 8 leakage reports. This research was conducted using water balance analysis method and performance indicators to formulate NRW reduction strategy in Pilang Raya service area. NRW in the period May 2023 - April 2024 amounted to 54.37% with a very large water volume of 327,152 m3/12 months. Annual water loss during this period is 52.37% with a volume of water loss of 315,121 m3/12 months. The physical water loss is 46.64% and non-physical water loss is 5.73%. If converted into cost value, the potential loss of revenue due to annual physical water loss is Rp 2,051,523,612, - and annual non-physical water loss is Rp 252,209,424, -. Physical water loss is classified as category D (extraordinary waste of resources). ATR indicator performance is classified as category D (highly inefficient). The NRW reduction program strategy is developed based on the results of the water balance analysis and performance indicators adjusted to Perumda's business plan.

Strategies for shore power facility utilisation under government subsidies: a three-party evolutionary game and simulation analysis

ABSTRACT The global shipping industry has prioritised reducing air pollutants by implementing various policies related to shore power in recent years. Despite these initiatives, both ports and shipping companies exhibit a low willingness to use shore power, resulting in substantial resource waste. Existing multi-party game studies on shore power simulations mostly targeted a static outcomes, lacking insights into dynamic subsidy allocation based on stakeholder interactions. Moreover, studies have often treated the influencing factors of the shipping sector as broad and vague concepts, making it challenging to identify the key determinants affecting stakeholders’ willingness to use shore power comprehensively. This paper aims to addresses these gaps by incorporating specific parameters into an evolutionary game model. By applying the stability theorem of differential equations, we determine the equilibrium points and assess their stability. Simulations are conducted in Matlab to explore the evolution of strategic choices for promoting shore power and evaluate the impact of various factors on ships’ shore power choices. The findings provide insights for enhancing shore power adoption through targeted policies and optimal incentives, thereby contributing to more effective environmental strategies within the shipping industry.

Nano-based co-valorization, detoxification, and fermentation of potato waste and black liquor for bioethanol production

Abstract Black liquor from paper and pulp mills is an underutilized waste resource. Black liquor can be valorized due to its useful chemical fractions and water component that can be employed for the pretreatment and biochemical conversion of starchy potato waste (SPW) into bioethanol. Hence, in this study, the simultaneous co-valorization, detoxification, and fermentation of SPW and black liquor (without the addition of freshwater and chemicals) were optimized for bioethanol production. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) clearly confirmed the distortion of SPW inherent structure for the recovery of useful carbohydrates. A significant reduction in process inhibitors (furfural = 1.26-fold, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) = 5.68-fold, and phenols = 1.03-fold) was observed with CuO NP inclusion. The response surface methodology (RSM) model of the bioethanol production showed a high coefficient of determination (R 2 ) value of 0.98. The optimized process with CuO NP inclusion displayed a biomass and bioethanol concentrations of 2.12 g/L and 21.37 g/L corresponding to 1.74- and 1.68-fold improvement over the control respectively. In addition, the kinetic data showed that the incorporation of CuO nanoparticle (NP) significantly improved (1.86-fold) the potential maximum bioethanol concentration (Pm) (20.21 g/L) compared to the control experiment (10.86 g/L). The study demonstrates a 100% freshwater conservation approach for improved sugar recovery, remarkable inhibitor removal, and bioethanol production from pretreated SPW towards reduced biofuel production cost, waste management, and green environment sustainability.

Friction Reduction and Antiwear Mechanisms of Cerium Sulfide Nanosheets under Different Sliding Conditions.

With the rapid development of modern industry, traditional lubricants often require a variety of additives to be used in conjunction with each other, which not only increases the cost but also causes a waste of resources. Therefore, the development of a lubricant additive with both a dyeing function and an antiwear and friction reduction performance can more effectively meet the industrial needs. Cerium sulfide (Ce2S3), with its excellent photostability, weather resistance, thermal stability, and nontoxicity, shows great potential as an environmentally friendly pigment. However, traditional methods for synthesizing Ce2S3 are typically hindered by high-temperature requirements and potential toxicity issues, which limits the broad application of Ce2S3 in lubricants. To overcome these limitations, this study employed a liquid-phase method under mild conditions to synthesize oleylamine-modified, wrinkle-free Ce2S3 nanosheets (OA-Ce2S3 NSs). The antiwear and friction-reducing properties of OA-Ce2S3 NSs in poly alpha-olefin-6 base oils were evaluated under various friction conditions with a four-ball tribometer. Experimental results indicate that OA-Ce2S3 NSs significantly enhance the friction-reducing and antiwear performance of lubricants by forming a physical adsorption film and an ultra thick tribochemical reaction film (with a typical thickness of 350 nm and a maximum thickness of up to 700 nm) on the friction surface. Furthermore, the study elucidates the lubrication mechanism of OA-Ce2S3 NSs and proposes their sliding mechanism on friction surfaces. This research highlights the potential of Ce2S3 nanosheets as lubricant additives and provides future directions for optimizing their synthesis and multifunctional applications, offering new insights into the field of lubrication science.

Predicting construction waste in Egyptian residential projects: a robust multiple regression model approach

Effective construction waste (CW) management, mainly concrete, brick, and steel, is a critical challenge due to its significant environmental and economic impacts. This study addresses this challenge by proposing multiple linear regression models to predict waste generation in residential buildings within the Egyptian construction industry, considering the influence of factors such as building design and site management features. Using data from 25 case studies, the models demonstrated high predictive accuracy, with adjusted R² values of 0.877, 0.893, and 0.889 for concrete, bricks, and steel waste, respectively. These R2 values indicate that the models explain approximately 88–89% of the variance in waste generation in residential buildings, highlighting their effectiveness in enhancing resource planning and waste management strategies. The findings suggest that incorporating variables such as total area, design consistency, and site organization significantly improves the accuracy of waste predictions. Although the models show acceptable performance, future research should aim to expand the dataset, incorporate additional variables, and test the models across different types of construction projects to validate further and refine these predictive tools. The models offer valuable insights for enhancing construction practices, minimizing waste, and supporting sustainable development in Egypt’s construction industry. With accurate forecasts of waste generation, the models help project managers and stakeholders to plan CW more effectively, mitigating unnecessary material consumption and reducing environmental impacts. These findings help to adopt sustainable construction practices, such as improved recycling processes and decreased dependence on landfills, to support Egypt’s Vision 2030.

Analytic Hierarchy Process Optimization of Strategic Resource Management for Sustainable Development: Enhancing International Economic and Commercial Relations through Circular Economy Factors in Open Socio-Economic Systems

This article explores how the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) can optimize strategic resource management for sustainable development, emphasizing circular economy factors in open socio-economic systems. A thorough literature review links existing research in financial security, innovation, and risk management to illustrate the significance of integrating environmental considerations into long-term resource allocation. The proposed AHP framework decomposes complex decision-making into a hierarchical structure that includes both quantitative metrics, such as financial stability and waste reduction, and qualitative concerns, like stakeholder engagement and regulatory compliance. Expert evaluations highlight the primacy of environmental and circular economy factors in resource management, closely followed by financial and risk considerations. Waste reduction, resource reuse, and supply chain resilience emerge as top-ranked sub-criteria, underscoring the importance of balancing ecological imperatives with economic viability. The study further highlights digital transformation as an essential enabler of real-time analysis and adaptive resource allocation. Integrating these insights within a broader policy and managerial context offers a roadmap for enhancing international economic and commercial relations, especially in turbulence-prone global markets. The findings suggest that holistic, multi-criteria decision-making—supported by AHP—provides a robust pathway toward sustainable development, promoting resilience and competitiveness in open socio-economic systems.

A legdrágább falatok, avagy az élelmiszer-pazarlás a debreceni egyetemi hallgatók körében

The scale, importance and consequences of food waste are a much-studied topic, as they contribute greatly to resource wastage and environmental damage. Research at the University of Debrecen aimed to explore the factors behind food waste, with a particular focus on the habits of university students. While the overall level of food waste is well documented worldwide, research on specific population groups, such as university students, has only recently received attention. University students represent a unique demographic group due to their particular life rhythm, limited financial means and more in-depth knowledge. In the framework of the research, a survey was conducted among the students of the University of Debrecen in the academic year 2023/2024 to find out their knowledge and habits related to food waste. The aim of the survey is to highlight opportunities to reduce waste and contribute to more sustainable consumption patterns. The survey was voluntary and consisted of 133 questions in several groups of questions. After data cleaning, the present study is based on the responses of 618 students. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 29.0. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were conducted and Chi-square test was used at 5% level of significance. K-means clustering algorithm was used to group respondents based on their estimated individual food waste in kilograms and their household or national average food waste. In addition to this, PCA (Principal Component Analysis) analysis was applied. There was a significant difference between genders, with women typically wasting less food than men, there was no difference in wastage between income groups, but there was for the principal components based on attitudes, with those of modest income typically being more financially conscious, while those of above average income were less characterized by planning and more characterized by environmentalism. There was also a significant difference by education level, with lower educated individuals being more receptive to discounts and higher educated individuals scoring higher on the environmental principal component.JEL Codes: D12, Q18, Q 53, Q56

Estimation of Processing Tomato Nutrient Uptake Based on the QUEFTS Model in Xinjiang

Imbalanced and excessive fertilization leads to low nutrient utilization efficiency and wastage of fertilizer resources in processing tomatoes in Xinjiang. Determining nutrient requirements is vital for devising fertilization strategies that enhance yield, profitability, and environmental sustainability. This study utilized observational data from 181 farms across Xinjiang’s major processing tomato production areas from 2003 to 2023 to explore the relationship between fruit yield and nutrient uptake in aboveground dry matter. The Quantitative Evaluation of the Fertility of Tropical Soils (QUEFTS) model was employed to estimate nutrient requirements. The results indicated that when the target yield reached 60–70% of its potential, nutrient uptake by processing tomatoes increased linearly with fruit yield. To produce 1000 kg of fruit, the aboveground parts required 1.95 kg of nitrogen, 0.33 kg of phosphorus, and 2.28 kg of potassium, reflecting a N:P:K ratio of 1:0.17:1.17. In contrast, during harvesting, alternative plant parts required 1.31 kg of nitrogen, 0.21 kg of phosphorus, and 0.71 kg of potassium, with fruit nutrient uptake rates of 67.3%, 65.6%, and 74.9%, respectively. Field validation showed a strong correlation between the observed and simulated nutrient uptake rates, demonstrating the model’s accuracy in predicting nutrient demands. These findings provide critical insights for developing optimized fertilization strategies to enhance yield and nutrient use efficiency in Xinjiang’s processing tomato production.

Upcycling of photovoltaic waste graphite into high performance graphite anode.

High-value recycling of photovoltaic waste graphite (WG) is an effective path to achieve "carbon neutrality". However, the current most adopted methods are landfilling, incineration and leaching, which can lead to undesirable environmental contamination and waste of resources. Here, an energy-efficient and high-value flash recycling strategy is developed in which photovoltaic WG is converted to high-capacity and high-rate graphite anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in milliseconds. Ultra-high temperatures (>3000K) were provided by flash joule heat to remove harmful impurities in the PV waste graphite, while improving the graphitization degree of WG and the (002) layer spacing of WG, making the upcycled graphite more suitable for lithium-ion (Li+) intercalation and deintercalation. The upcycled graphite as a lithium-ion battery anode exhibits high reversible capacity (∼413mAhg-1) and robust cycling stability (>90.1% retention at 2.0C rate for 1000cycles), which is superior to the current state-of-the-art commercial graphite anode. Overall, this work provides a feasible approach for the sustainable management of photovoltaic waste graphite, contributing to cleaner production and circular economy in the photovoltaic industry.

Self-medication pattern among medical students in Middle Delta, Egypt

BackgroundSelf- medication leading to wastage of limited resources in developing countries, prolonged suffering, increase resistance to drugs and may result in significant medical complications such as adverse drug responses and dependence. Self-medication is extensively used by health professionals. Undergraduate medical students as being the future physicians representing a main pillar in health care system thus have special significance. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of self-medication and identify its pattern among medical students in Tanta university, Egypt.MethodsA four-month cross-sectional study was carried out among Egyptian undergraduate medical students at Tanta University, from first to final year. (November 2023 – February 2024). The students were chosen using a two-stage cluster sampling method, and data on sociodemographic and self-medication patterns were collected using a predesigned semi-structured self-administered questionnaire.ResultsThe prevalence of self-medication was 71%. The key determinants of self-medication was students’ medical knowledge from self- experience and studies (55.9%). Headache was a common complaint for self-medication (80.4%). Majority of them (88.3%) use pharmaceutical products where analgesics lies on top (92.4%). The degree of popularity of the medicine was the primary reason for drug selection (52.5%) and recommendation of the pharmacist was the main determinate of selecting type of drug (43.6%). However, 30.2% experienced side effects, of which 50% went to private physician and 33.5% stopped taking their medications. Half of the students took antibiotics for self-medication.ConclusionsSelf-medication is a common practice among medical students. where headache was the common symptom and the most commonly utilized medications for self-medication were analgesics. There is a need to augment the value of diagnosis, awareness and seriousness of this practice.