Warmth Retention Research Articles

Sol-gel synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrid materials comprising SnO2, silica, and thiazole dyes on polyester fabrics for water repellent and warmth retaining finishing

In this work, an inorganic/organic hybrid material composed of tin dioxide, silica, and heteroaryl 2-aminothiazole was derived. Heteroaryl 2-aminothiazole, which acts as the coupling component, was synthesized based on a previously published method and coupled with p-nitroaniline, which is the diazonium component, to yield the heteroaryl thiazole azo dyes. Alternatively, tin dioxide/silica/thiazole dye hybrid materials were prepared by heating tetrahydrofuran solutions containing these thiazole dyes with various amounts of tin chloride and tetraethoxysilane to promote hydrolytic polycondensation via the sol-gel method. The structure of these hybrid tin dioxide/silica/thiazole dye materials was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. The uniform dyeing of the polyester fabric revealed by the scanning electron microscope images confirmed the reaction of the hybrid materials with the polyester fabrics. The results of the characterization of the warmth retention, color strength, water repellency, and air permeability of the polyester fabric dyed with the tin dioxide/silica/thiazole dye hybrid materials indicated that the sol-gel hybrid-material finishing agents significantly improve the properties of polyester fabric.

Research and Applications of Functional Pants Warmth Retention Structure and Temperature Control System

To meeting the special requirements of lower extremity handicaps pants structure, the clothing structure and functions theoretical research and practical design are implemented on appearance , comfort, movement, protection and warmth retention. In pants warmth retention, combination of electronic aided temperature control system and functional clothing is proposed in design. The design improve the warmth satisfaction of current handicap winter pants and comfort.

Wearing Performances of Superfine Profiled Acrylic Fiber/Silk Interwoven Fabric

Dralon superfine profiled acrylic interwoven with traditional spun silk .There are 9 kinds of interlaced fabric. We discussed that in same condition of finishing and fabric weave (3/1right twill),different picking shuttle between superfine profiled acrylic and spun silk have a impact on fabric performance of moisture absorption, air permeability, drape, crease recovery and warmth retention. The results showed that: fabric has better wearability when silk and acrylic picking proportion is 1:5(That is the content of acrylic is 61.16%).

Fuzzy Mathematics Evaluation on the Properties of Warmth Retention Underwear Fabrics

The comprehensive properties of the developed warmth retention underwear fabrics and other three selected samples were evaluated by Fuzzy mathematics in the paper. First, on the basis of analysis of the required performance of warmth retention underwear fabrics, the evaluation metrics were determined. Then we used Fuzzy mathematics to establish the comprehensive evaluation model, and with this modle, the comprehensive properties of the four underwear fabric sample were evaluated.The evaluation result showed that wool cover cleancool fiber double-layer underwear fabrics has the best comprehensive property, it is suitable for making high quality warmth retention underwear.

Comparative study of copper ion complex bamboo pulp and cotton knitted fabrics. Part II: wearability and durability

Apart from the antibacterial performance, wearability and durability are also important factors for the textile product quality. The paper mainly discusses the wearability and durability of bamboo pulp and cotton-knitted fabrics which were treated with alkali and copper ammonia solution. Washing fastness, release properties of copper ions when washing, bursting properties, abrasion resistance, permeability, moisture penetrability, and warmth retention properties of fabrics were tested to investigate the change after copper ammonia solution treatment. The results showed that although the release quantity of bamboo pulp fabrics was higher, the washing fastness of bamboo pulp fabrics was better than that of cotton fabrics. After 90 times’ washing, the copper ion complex fabrics still had good antibacterial performance. For both cotton and bamboo pulp fabrics, properties of the bursting strength, moisture penetrability and warmth retention had been improved, whereas properties of abrasion resistance and air permeability had receded.

Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Morphological Structure and Properties of Polyester Hollow Staple Fibers

The effect of thermal treatment conditions namely water pick-up, temperature and time on the morphological structure, bursting strength and wearabilities of polyester (PET) hollow staple fiber were investigated. The results show that changes in water pick-up, temperature and time may lead to an obvious change in bursting strength, warmth retention and water-vapor permeation of fabric. Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM) analysis indicates that both thermal treatment temperature and time have a significant effect on the morphological structure and hollow structure, and the critical maximum time mostly depends on the applied temperature. Furthermore, the bursting strength, warmth retention and water-vapor permeation of polyester (PET) hollow staple fiber knitted fabric are determined by its morphological and hollow structure.

Functional processing of PET fabrics using boehmite/silica/thiazole dye hybrid materials

A series of hybrid materials composed of boehmite/silica/thiazole dyes and prepared via the sol-gel process is synthesized from aluminum isopropoxide (AIP) and tetraethoxysilane using heteroaryl 2-amino-thiazole azo dyes. Heterocyclic 2-amino-thiazole azo dyes undergo a hydrolysis-condensation reaction with an appropriate proportion of AIP under a catalyst, at a constant ratio of vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The structures of these hybrid materials composed of boehmite/silica/thiazole dyes are characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. The surface morphology of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics is evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images show uniform dyeing of the PET fabrics that confirms the reaction of the hybrid materials with the PET fabrics. The water contact angle, washing fastness, color evenness, air permeability, and warmth retention of the PET fabrics dyed with hybrid materials composed of boehmite/silica/thiazole dyes are evaluated. The evaluation results indicate improved warmth retention property and good water repellency.

Study on the Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Yak Fiber

As a special animal fiber, yak hair has many excellent properties, such as soft feeling, good elasticity, gentle glossy and excellent warmth retention performance, therefore, it has very high industrial value, and can be used as high-grade raw materials in the woolen industry. In this paper, the fineness, length, curl and surface morphology of Yak fiber were analyzed, and mechanical and tensile properties with the different conditions were discussed and compared.

Study on the Structure and Performances of Kapok Textiles

Kapok fiber has many excellent Performances. the surface and cross section of the kapok fiber were observed. These performances of the distribution of length and fineness, moisture regain, acid and alkali properties, and dyeing property were tested and compared for the kapok fiber, colored cotton fiber and white cotton fiber. The fabrics of same weave structure paramater were developed and the warmth retention property wewe tested. The results show that the surface of the kapok fiber is smooth，Cross section of the kapok fiber is round with hollow-structure. The length and fineness of the kapok fiber was lower than white cotton fiber and colored cotton fiber. The hygroscopicity and moisture guide properties of the kapok fiber was better than white cotton fiber and colored cotton fiber, the dyeing property of the kapok fiber was worse than white cotton fiber, the kapok fiber is alkali-resistance and non acid-resistant. The fabrics of the kapok fiber has better warmth retention property.

Research of Wool-Like Modification of Polyester with Sodium Alginate

This paper mainly discusses the influence of sodium alginate to polyester fabric in the process of wool-like. Polyester is pre-treated by sodium alginate solution firstly, and then modified by caustic soda, at last, the sample is steamed in the saturated vapor. Wool-like effect changes along with the concentration of sodium alginate and caustic soda, steaming time are analyzed. The results show that wettability, warmth retention and fullness of wool-like fabric are improved obviously. So treated with sodium alginate and then caustic soda can give polyester fabric ideal wool-like effect.

Preparation and Properties of PP Melt-Blown Nonwoven Wadding Blended PET Crimp Fibers

Polypropylene (PP) melt-blown nonwoven has a good performance on thermal insulation, but it easily can be compressed tightly and hard to recovery. In this paper, to improve the disadvantage, we blended PET crimp short fibers into PP melt-blown nonwovens. Results showed that polyester (PET) crimp short fibers blended in melt-blown nonwovens supported as skeleton, effectively improved the bulkiness and compression-resisting performance of productions, as well the warmth retention properties.

Research on Thermal and Moisture Comfort of Seamless Knitted Fabric Made of Triangle-Hollow Nylon

To research thermal and moisture comfort of seamless knitted fabric made of triangle-hollow nylon which is developed newly, the paper chooses triangle-hollow nylon, circle-hollow nylon and ordinary nylon as fiber material and every nylon adopts weft plain, one-and-one mock rib and one-and-three mock rib for test weaving. Then nine samples are obtained. The paper analyses their air permeability, moisture permeability and warmth retention property. Result indicates that air permeability and moisture permeability of seamless knitted fabric made of triangle-hollow nylon are better than that of two other kinds of nylon’s seamless knitted fabric.

Heat Buffering Property of Phase Change Materials in Textiles

The research reported here examines heat buffering property changes of phase change materials used in textiles. In the study, six types of fabrics with different warmth retention rate catalogued in two groups were used to determine how warmth retention rate of fabric affect heat buffering time of PCM when fabric was wrapped around PCM pouches. It was found that the greater the warmth retention rate of the wrapped fabric, the longer the heat buffering time of the PCM pouch, we also found that the heat buffering time prolonged in direct proportion to the warmth retention rate in different manners for fabrics weaved by fibers that have different heat conductivity. Greater warmth retention rate and smaller fiber conductivity lead to greater increase of the heat buffering time of PCM pouches. The results in this research suggested a possibility about how to control heat buffering time of PCM-containing textiles.

The Research of Warmth Retention Property of Non-Woven Wadding

Nowadays in the market, there are many kinds of warm retention materials. Although each material has its own heat loss reduction, there should be methods for evaluating the warmth properties and giving out reliable results. In this paper, the warmth retention properties of three typical non-woven wadding were studied. On the basis of four warming related tests and analyses, the conclusions were got that after filming, because of existence of motionless air, their warmth retention properties increase obviously. In the same time, the air permeability of the three non-woven wadding decrease clearly because of the film on the wadding surface which obstructs air from flowing easily.

Research on Water Resistance of Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofiber Mats

In electrospinning, non-woven fabrics are commonly used as substrates to receive polymer nanofibers. Nanofiber mats formed in this process have many advantages, such as extensive application prospects in the thermal insulation, filtration, protection and so on. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is the main electrospun material with excellent physical properties, biodegradable properties, chemical resistance, and good mechanical properties in the dry state. However, PVA has a poor water resistance which limits its application. In this study, The PVA nanofibrous mats prepared by electrospinning were chemically crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) in acetone. Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry were employed to characterize the morphology and structure of crosslinked PVA nanofiber mat and PVA nanofiber mat. The differences of morphology and structure between the modified and nonmodified nanofiber mat were revealed. Such nanofibrous mat has good water resistance and excellent warmth retention property. Thus, the practical applications of PVA nanofiber mats were broadened.

The study on the air volume fraction of electrospun nanofiber nonwoven mats

Electrospinning is an efficient method to produce polymer fibers with a diameter range from nanometers to a few microns using an electrically driven jet. Electrospun nanofiber nonwoven fabrics can be applied into different areas with higher air volume fraction, especially applied into textile materials with good warmth retention property. In this article, the air volume fraction in nonwoven mats made of electrospun nanofibers was verified by studying fiber volume fraction in the mats. Then the relationship between fiber volume fraction and fiber diameter was derived, and the fiber volume fraction is in direct ratio to the square of fiber radius. By experimental verification, to get electrospun PAN nanofiber nonwoven mats with high air volume fraction about 99 %, it can fix the polymer concentration on 8 %. The voltage fixed on 20 kV, the tip-to-collector distance on 15 cm. The experiment is in accordance with the theory excellently.

The Application of BP Artificial Neural Network in Fabric Warmth Retention Test

The fabric warmth retention test is a complex process that is influenced by various factors, so errors often appear in the test. There lies a function relation between the fabric thickness, gram weight and warmth retention rate, CLO value. Artificial neural network BP algorithm was used to simulate the function mapping relation, and realized the automatic mapping from basic performance to warmth retention performance, and exhibited high mapping precision, it could also be used to amend the numerical value and reduce errors. It is demonstrated that the method is of high efficiency.

Physical Properties of the Traditional Stitched Fabric, Kogin, of Tsugaru District

The original Kogin fabric, a hemp fabric decoratively stitched in the weft direction with cotton thread , is a traditional farmer's product of the Tsugaru district. Most of bending, shear and compression properties of the original Kogin were larger than respective averaged values of 220 types of lady's suit garment fabrics available today. The front surface of the original Kogin was geometrically smoother. We examined the change in the property values of the hemp fabric caused by the stitching in the weft direction with cotton thread. The stitching generally reduced anisotropy of the property values between the warp and weft directions of the hemp fabric. The stitching increased warmth retention slightly and decreased air permeability drastically. Also, the stitching remarkably improved breaking strength in the weft direction and abrasion resistance.

CHANGES IN THE THERMAL INSULATION OF THE FABRICS BY WETTING

The hydrophilic polyester fabrics were prepared (by the chemical treatment) to investigate the effects of the hydrophilic nature of the constituent fibers on the warmth retention of the wetted fabrics. By comparing the thermal insulation of the hydrophilic polyester fabrics with untreated ones, it was found that the warm air in the space between the skin and clothing was cooled through the pores filled with water across the fabrics. For the purpose of this experiment, the thermal insulation tester (ASTM-type, Toyoseiki Co., Ltd.) was improved to detect the changes in thermal insulation of the fabrics by wetting.

The Warmth Retention Properties of the Two-Layered Fabrics Using Face Fabrics and Interlinings as Constituent Components.

The Warmth Retention Properties of the Two-Layered Fabrics Using Face Fabrics and Interlinings as Constituent Components.