Warm Bath Research Articles

COMPREHENSIVE OBJECTIVE CARE IN NY “W” G1P0A0 WITH SWOLLEN LEGS AND BLISTERING NIPPLES IN CLINIC "BI" CIPATAT DISTRICT WEST BANDUNG

Introduction to this study Physiological changes in pregnant women are changes in shape or anatomical and hormonal changes. Swelling of the legs is one of the pregnancy discomforts that pregnant women often complain about. According to the results of a survey at the "BI" CLINIC of 61 pregnant women encountered, as many as 49 experienced the discomfort of swelling of the legs and there were 10 puerperal mothers and 2 of them had nipple blister problems. The purpose of this study was to be able to provide comprehensive obstetric care to Mrs. "W" by giving warm water baths, at the "BI" Citatah Clinic, Cipatat District. Methods The research method used is a case study study by conducting an assessment and upbringing the subject of the study, namely Mrs. "W" with complaints of leg swelling in the III trimester pregnancy. Results & Analysis. The results of the case study carried out were the provision of soaking soaking warm water with a temperature of 380C for 20 minutes carried out 3 times a day regularly, so that the mother felt that the swelling that the mother experienced was reduced. In the puerperium, the mother experiences blistered nipples and is given breastfeeding technique care and the results of the nipples heal after 6 days. Discussion. The conclusion of this case study is that after a warm water bath for 2 weeks with 3x sahari the natural swelling is reduced, as well as in the puerperium the lecat nipples heal after being given the correct breastfeeding technique care.

Effects of Talaromyces marneffei on Complete Blood Count by a Sysmex XN-9000 Analyzer.

Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) infection detected in the peripheral blood smears has been described by several reports. We studied the effects of T. marneffei in peripheral blood samples on complete blood count (CBC) using a Sysmex XN-9000 analyzer. In a simulated T. marneffei infection model, blood samples with and without infectious diseases were selected, with high, medium, and low levels of white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) count, respectively. All samples were detected immediately and after a warm bath of 37℃ for 2 hours. WBC count of all samples was significantly increased by T. marneffei from a certain concentration and higher. For all samples, the effect of T. marneffei on WBC count after warm bath was significantly reduced compared to that on immediate WBC count from 4 - 6 x 109/L T. Marneffei and higher (p < 0.05). The presence of T. marneffei in all blood samples did not affect the results of PLT count. For all samples, the obvious effects of T. marneffei on WBC differential (WDF) and white cell nucleated red blood cell (WNR) scatter plots were from 4 - 6 x 109 T Marneffei and higher. As a kind of intracellular yeast, T. marneffei may affect WBC count, NRBC count, and WBC differential count of peripheral blood samples when the yeast concentration is (4 - 6) x 109 T Marneffei and higher. Moreover, the unique scatter plot cloud on WDF and WNR scatter plots caused by T. marneffei, may become an important clue pointing toward T. marneffei in peripheral blood.

Conservative management of anal fissure accompanying constipation in school-age children

An anal fissure is a common problem in children and it refers to a longitudinal tear or an ulcer in the anoderm. The conventional therapy for anal fissures has been warm sitz baths and lthe ocal application of analgesic ointments, stool softeners ,and behavioral therapy as necessary. Simple wound care may often be sufficient for the treatment of anal fissure, but a comprehensive approach is required for accompanying constipation. Between 2015-2022, a total of 263 children suffering from constipation and perianal pain were diagnosed with anal fissure (AF) based on physical examination. Anal fissure and constipation (AFC) questionnaire forms were retrospectively reviewed and results of routine management protocol were assessed which was focused on local wound care and dietary regulation. The ratio of children consuming more than 2-3 cups of packed beverages containing artificial sweeteners, colorants or corn syrup was found 63,89 % (n=167). Daily water consumtion of less than five glasses was 71.1% (n=187). Daily milk consuming was 71,86% (n=189). Stool withholding and soiling was found 57,41% (n=151) and 48,67% (n=128) respectively. In only four cases (1.52%), constipation persisted for more than eight weeks despite meticulous management and improvement was achieved with anal dilatation on the tenth week. It is possible to treat anal fissures successfully and in a reasonable duration with simple local care with prednisolone pomade and a strict diet arrangement that restricts the consumption of packed foods, beverages, snacks, and milk while promoting drinking water and raw fiber intake.

The effect of warm water foot bath therapy on the blood pressure and cortisol levels in gestational hypertension

Background: Pregnant women are susceptible to anxiety disorders that result in hypertension. Previous studies that have been carried out with warm water foot bath therapy, which can relax the body, previous research only measured the level of anxiety psychologically and never seen a physiological/molecular increase in blood pressure from the indicator of cortisol levels.Purpose: To analyze the effect of warm footbath therapy on the blood pressure and cortisol levels in gestational hypertension.Methods: This experimental study has a randomized pre-post-test control group design. They involved 40 subjects in two groups. The control group was given 10 mg of nifedipine, while the intervention group was given 10 mg of nifedipine and a warm water foot bath at 40-43oC for 15 minutes for 14 consecutive days. Pre-post cortisol levels were measured with the ELISA method cortisol test.Results: A warm water foot bath therapy effectively decreased systolic blood pressure in the intervention group, which was 43 mm Hg compared to the control group, 19 mm Hg (p&lt;0.05). Diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group was 15.5 mmHg compared to the control group's 6.5 mmHg (p&lt;0.05), and cortisol levels in the intervention group: 48.1 ng/ml compared to the control 14.5 ng/ml (p&lt;0.05).Conclusion: Warm water foot bath therapy at 40-43oC for 15 minutes for 14 consecutive days reduces systolic blood pressure by decreasing cortisol levels in hypertensive pregnant women.

Hydrotherapy for additional intervention of hypertension among elderly

The prevalence of hypertension in Central Java alone the prevalence of hypertension in 2018 reached 37.57% the prevalence in women (40.17%) was higher than men (34.83%). The prevalence of hypertension in urban areas is higher than in rural areas, the prevalence in the district itself reaches 13.32%. Hypertension can cause stroke, myocardial infarction, kidney failure and brain damage, and can even cause death. Hypertension requires compliance to improve the health of one of the therapies, namely by using non-pharmacological therapy independent actions of nurses such as hydrotherapy (foot soaking in warm water) a very simple and natural therapy because this treatment method does not have harmful side effects, and does not use drugs. modern. This warm foot soak hydrotherapy of a mixture of salt and lemongrass helps improve blood circulation by widening blood vessels so that it can lower blood pressure. Objective: This study aims to prove the effect of a warm foot soak mixed with salt and lemongrass on reducing blood pressure in hypertension. Methods: The method used in this study is a case study, this study describes a case study on nursing care at the risk of ineffective cerebral perfusion. The subject of this case study uses 1 respondent who does not take hypertension medication regularly, with the classification of moderate hypertension with the age of 45-65 years. This study was taken using a descriptive method with interviews and observations. Conclusion: Warm foot soak hydrotherapy with a mixture of salt and lemongrass can overcome the problem of the risk of ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion and can reduce blood pressure. Giving a warm foot bath a mixture of salt and lemongrass can increase capillary permeability, reduce blood viscosity, reduce muscle tension. Lemongrass contains flavonoids which affect the work of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) which causes vasodilation.

Triggering and relieving factors of migraine among university students: A cross-sectional study in Lebanon

Introduction Migraine is common among university students and can directly affect their daily activities and learning since students with migraine have difficulties attending classes and missed more school days than other students. Objectives This study aimed to identify triggering factors of migraine along with factors that relieve headaches associated with migraine episodes among university students. Methods An observational cross-sectional study targeted students from different faculties of the public university campus in Lebanon using a survey for data collection. Results Feeling hungry (65.9%), fasting (50.7%), and coffee deprivation (22.7%) were the most commonly reported dietary factors inducing headaches among university students. In comparison, climate changes (77.1%), noise and high volumes (73.9%), and hot weather (60.2%) were the most common environmental triggers. Among the psychological factors, anxiety (53.4%) and crying (47.3%) were highly reported and were significantly higher among women. Fatigue (63.2%), studying for exams (59.5%), and neck pain (46.8%) were the most common physical activity-reported factors. Lack of sleep (72%) and changes in sleeping hours (42.7%) were the primarily reported sleeping habits that can trigger headaches, with no statistically significant differences between men and women. Sleeping (66.3%), relaxing (53.4%), avoiding migraine’s trigger factors (42.9%), and having a warm bath (38.5%) were the most reported relieving factors of headache among students. No statistically significant association was noted between any of the factors and the sex of the participants. Conclusion The triggering and relieving factors of migraine were comparable between men and women. Some triggering factors such as crying, anxiety, and fatigue were found significant among women, while driving was a higher migraine trigger among men. Lifestyle interventions may provide clues on effective relieving strategies and yield the establishment of different medical services and university programs.

In vitro temperature changes in the pulp chamber caused by laser and Quadwave LED-light curing units.

The study evaluated the pulp temperature (PT) increase in Class I and V preparations when exposed to the Monet Laser (for1 and 3s), the PinkWave (for3 and 10s), the Valo Grand (for3 and 10s), the PowerCure, (for3 and 10s) and the SmartLite Pro (for10s). Non-retentive Class I and Class V cavities were prepared in one molar fixed in an acrylic plate and positioned in a warm water bath. The PT baseline was kept at 32°C to simulate physiological conditions. Two T-type thermocouples were inserted through the roots into the pulp chamber in two positions: close to the pulp horn and the buccal wall close to the Class V cavity. The water flow was adjusted to 0.026mL/min, and real-time temperature data were collected every 0.5s. PT measurements were made with the tip of the LCU 0 and 6mm away from the tooth surface. The radiant exitance (mW/cm2) and radiant exposure (J/cm2) were calculated. One-way ANOVA compared the effect of the pulpal flow, and ΔT values were subjected to two-way ANOVA, followed by Scheffe's post hoc tests. The Monet Laser used for 3s and the PinkWave used for 10s produced the greatest PT rise in the Class I cavity. The simulated pulpal flow did not influence the PT rise. Overall, cavities exposed at the 0mm distancehad higher ΔT values than groups at 6mm distance. The placement of a rubber dam for Class V restorations may prevent positioning LCUs directly over the cavity, which may affect the rise in PT.

Exploration of restless legs syndrome under the new concept: A review

Restless leg syndrome (Restless legs syndrome, RLS) is a common neurological disorder. The pathogenesis of RLS remains unknown, and recent pathophysiological developments have shown the contribution of various genetic markers, neurotransmitter dysfunction, and iron deficiency to the disease, as well as other unidentified contributing mechanisms, particularly chronic renal dysfunction. RLS enhancement syndrome is frequently observed in patients with RLS who have received long-term dopamine agonist therapy, manifesting as a worsening of RLS symptoms, usually associated with an increase in the dose of dopamine agonist. Some patients with RLS can adequately control their symptoms with non-pharmacological measures such as massage and warm baths. First-line treatment options include iron supplementation for those with evidence of reduced iron stores, or gabapentin or pregabalin, as well as dopamine agonists, such as pramipexole. Second-line therapies include opioids such as tramadol. RLS seriously affects the quality of life of patients, and because its pathogenesis is unclear, more biological evidence and treatment methods need to be explored.

Effects of sodium bicarbonate bath on the quality of sleep: An assessor-blinded, randomized, controlled, pilot clinical trial

BackgroundSleep is fundamental to a healthy life, and sleep disorders are an important health issue in healthcare. Whole-body warm water bathing is a non-pharmacological, safe (non-invasive), and widely used method for comforting. Here, we explored the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate bath (SBB) on sleep quality. MethodsHealthy adults without sleep disturbances were randomly assigned to shower baths (SHB), tap-water baths (TWB, placebo tablets), or SBB. All participants took a bath (shower, tap-water, or SBB) once a day for 10 min, after dinner, for 7 days. Sleepscan-derived sleep parameters, including total sleep time (TST), symptom questionnaires, and salivary α-amylase concentration were evaluated as outcome measures. ResultsForty participants were enrolled (14, 13, and 13 in SHB, TWB, and SBB groups, respectively) and 38 participants completed the trial (13, 12, and 13, respectively). The recruitment, adherence, and completion rates were 90.9% (40/44), 95.0% (38/40), and 95.0% (38/40), respectively. The SBB group showed a significant increase (12.35 [mean]±10.07 [standard deviation] min) in the mean TST at 1-week post-intervention (p = 0.0041) than the SHB (−1.81 ± 14.58 min; p = 0.0231) and TWB (4.54 ± 10.97 min; p = 0.0377) groups. The TST scores at 1-week post-intervention, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency were significantly different between the groups. Sleep satisfaction by questionnaire was significantly improved with intervention in the SBB group than that in the SHB and TWB groups. Salivary α-amylase levels significantly improved in the SBB and TWB groups than in the SHB group, with the change being greater in the SBB group. ConclusionsSBB for 7 days had positive effects that improved sleep quality of adults. Further studies are needed to examine the efficacy and safety of SBB for prolonged usage in people diagnosed with insomnia, using objective sleep measurements, and to investigate potential sleep-enhancing mechanisms of action.

THE The Effect of Foot Massage and Warm Water Mixed with Aromatic Ginger Foot Bath on Edema in Pregnancy

Swelling or edema in the legs often occurs in third trimester pregnant women because uterine pressure inhibits venous return causing fluid retention. The incidence of edema in RSIA Kemang Medical Care between December 2021 and January 2022 was third ranked in cases of discomfort for pregnant women. Handling swollen feet by means of complementary therapies, one of which is foot massage and warm water foot bath mixed with aromatic ginger.This quasi-experimental study used a two-group pretest and posttest design with control group. The population of this study was all registered pregnant women with third trimester edema which was 80 people. There are 20 experimental samples and 20 control samples. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The instrument was SOP and pitting scale tables. Data analysis had been done by using Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test.&#x0D; The average degree of leg edema was 3+ before the intervention and 1+ after the intervention. According to Wilcoxon, the results showed pvalue =0.000 (&lt;0.05) so that statistically there was a significant decrease in leg edema before and after foot massage and footbath in warm water mixed with aromatic ginger in third trimester pregnant women. The Mann-Whitney test for the significant difference p = 0.000 &lt; 0.05 there was a difference between the post- experimental group and the post control group, which means that statistically there was a decrease in swelling in the third trimester of RSIA Kemang Medical Care 2022 with foot massage

The Effect of Warm Foot Bath and Massage on Selected Hemodynamic Parameters among Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: Randomized Clinical Trial

The Effect of Warm Foot Bath and Massage on Selected Hemodynamic Parameters among Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: Randomized Clinical Trial

Applying a physiotherapy protocol to women during the active phase of labor improves obstetrical outcomes: a randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUNDLabor is a physiological process triggered by mechanical and hormonal events that promote uterine contractions to expel the fetus. OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nonpharmacologic childbirth care protocol in women in the active phase of labor in improving obstetrical and perinatal outcomes. STUDY DESIGNThis was a randomized trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding, and intention-to-treat analysis. A total of 80 low-risk primigravida women at the end of pregnancy admitted at the beginning of the active phase of labor participated in the study. The participants were divided into an experimental group (n=40) and a control group (n=40). Women in the experimental group received 4 interventions: ambulation at 4 to 6 cm of cervical dilation, alternation of maternal postures, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation at 6 to 7 cm, and a warm shower bath at >7 cm. The control group received only routine obstetrical care during labor. The parturient could request pharmacologic analgesia at any time during the study. The main outcome measures were the duration of the active phase of the first stage of labor, the duration of the expulsive phase of labor, and the prevalence of labor dystocia as assessed by the partograph. The researchers collected other maternal and neonatal data from official birth records. RESULTSThe parturients who received the nonpharmacologic protocol had a shorter active phase of the first stage of labor (444 minutes in the control group and 373 minutes in the experimental group; P=.02), presented rupture of membranes later in labor (7 cm in the control group and 8 cm in the experimental group; P<.01), requested pharmacologic analgesia with more significant cervical dilation (5 cm in the control group and 8 cm in the experimental group; P<.01), requested fewer additional doses of analgesics, and had lower labor dystocia rates than the patients in the control group. In addition, there was no difference in other maternal and perinatal variables between the control group and the experimental group. CONCLUSIONThe implementation of a sequential nonpharmacologic protocol composed of ambulation, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with change of upright positions, and warm shower bath has the potential to reduce labor pain, as reflected in decreased and delayed use of pharmacologic analgesia and reduced duration of the active phase of labor and dystocia rates. Maternity hospitals should provide this protocol, and women should be encouraged to request this childbirth care protocol.

Effects of CUMS on excitatory/inhibitory balance of hippocampal and prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons in anxiety-like mice

Objective: To explore the changes in the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance of pyramidal neurons in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in mice with anxiety disorder induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Methods: Twenty-four C57/BL6 male mice were randomly divided into control group (CTRL) and model group (CUMS), with 12 mice in each group. The mice in CUMS group were subjected to 21 days of stress, including restraint for 1 h, reversed day/night cycle for 24 h, forced warm water bath for 5 min, water/food deprivation for 24 h, housing in wet sawdust for 18 h, shaking the cage for 30 min, noise for 1 h, and social stress for 10 min. CTRL group mice were fed normally. Anxiety-related behavioral tests and whole-cell recording tests were performed after modeling. Results: Compared with CTRL group, the time of spent in the central arena of CUMS group was reduced significantly in open field test (P＜0.01), the time and number of entering the open arms were decreased significantly in elevated plus maze test (P＜0.01), and the time of staying in the closed arms was increased significantly in CUMS group (P＜0.01). The sEPSC frequency, capacitance and E/I ratio of dlPFC, mPFC and vCA1 pyramidal neurons of mice in CUMS group were increased significantly (P＜0.01), while sEPSC amplitude, sIPSC frequency, amplitude and capacitance were not significantly changed (P＞0.05). The frequency, amplitude, capacitance and E/I ratio of sEPSC and sIPSC of dCA1 pyramidal neurons were not significantly changed (P＞0.05). Conclusion: The anxiety-like behavior of CUMS-induced mice may be the result of the participation of multiple brain regions, which is mainly related to the increase of the excitability of pyramidal neurons in dlPFC, mPFC and vCA1 brain regions, but seems to have little relationship with dCA1 brain regions.

Lung Ultrasound Induction of Pulmonary Capillary Hemorrhage in Neonatal Swine.

This study investigated induction of pulmonary capillary hemorrhage (PCH) in neonatal pigs (piglets) using three different machines: a GE Venue R1 point-of-care system with C1-5 and L4-12t probes, a GE Vivid 7 Dimension with a 7L probe and a SuperSonic Imagine machine with an SL15-4 probe and shear wave elastography (SWE). Female piglets were anesthetized, and each was mounted vertically in a warm bath for scanning at two or three intercostal spaces. After aiming at an innocuous output, the power was raised for a test exposure. Hydrophone measurements were used to calculate in situ values of mechanical index (MIIS). Inflated lungs were removed and scored for PCH area. For the C1-5 probe at 50% and 100% acoustical output (AO), a PCH threshold of 0.53 MIIS was obtained by linear regression (r2=0.42). The L4-12t probe did not induce PCH, but the 7L probe induced zones of PCH in the scan planes. The Venue R1 automated B-line tool applied with the C1-5 probe did not detect PCH induced by the C1-5 probe as B-line counts. However, when PCH induced by C1-5 and 7L exposures were subsequently scanned with the L4-12t probe using the automated tool, B-lines were counted in association with the PCH. The SWE induced PCH at push-pulse positions for 3, 30 and 300 s of SWE with PCH accumulating at 0.33 mm2/s and an exponential rise to a maximum of 18.4 mm2 (r2=0.61). This study demonstrated the induction of PCH by LUS of piglets, and supports the safety recommendation for use of MIs <0.4 in neonatal LUS.

Quantum Energy Current Induced Coherence in a Spin Chain under Non-Markovian Environments

We investigate the time-dependent behaviour of the energy current between a quantum spin chain and its surrounding non-Markovian and finite temperature baths, together with its relationship to the coherence dynamics of the system. To be specific, both the system and the baths are assumed to be initially in thermal equilibrium at temperature and , respectively. This model plays a fundamental role in study of quantum system evolution towards thermal equilibrium in an open system. The non-Markovian quantum state diffusion (NMQSD) equation approach is used to calculate the dynamics of the spin chain. The effects of non-Markovianity, temperature difference and system-bath interaction strength on the energy current and the corresponding coherence in cold and warm baths are analyzed, respectively. We show that the strong non-Markovianity, weak system-bath interaction and low temperature difference will help to maintain the system coherence and correspond to a weaker energy current. Interestingly, the warm baths destroy the coherence while the cold baths help to build coherence. Furthermore, the effects of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya () interaction and the external magnetic field on the energy current and coherence are analyzed. Both energy current and coherence will change due to the increase of the system energy induced by the interaction and magnetic field. Significantly, the minimal coherence corresponds to the critical magnetic field which causes the first order phase transition.

Pengaruh Terapi Rendam Kaki Air Hangat terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah dan Penurunan Tingkat Depresi dengan Hipertensi di Panti Sosial Lanjut Usia Harapan Kita Palembang Tahun 2022

The higher the life expectancy, the more problems the elderly have. One of the problems faced is health problems due to the aging process such as hypertension and depression. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of warm water foot soak therapy on reducing blood pressure and depression levels with hypertension. This research is a quantitative research with pre-experimental research type with one group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted at the Harapan Kita Elderly Social Institution in Palembang on March 28 to April 15, 2022. The population in this study was the elderly, totaling 30 respondents. Data was collected by measuring the blood pressure and depression level of the elderly before being given warm water foot soak therapy. The results of this study showed that the average systolic blood pressure before being given warm water foot bath therapy was 159.67 mmHg (95% CI: 156.65-162.69), with a standard deviation of 8.087 mmHg and the average diastolic blood pressure before therapy. warm water foot soak was 94.67 mmHg (95% CI: 90.90-98.43) with a standard deviation of 10.080 mmHg. The average level of depression before foot bath therapy was 6.966 (95% CI: 6.471-7.461) with a standard deviation of 1.325. The results of the diastolic test obtained a systolic value of 0.000, diastolic 0.000 and a depression level of 0.000, so it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the values ??of systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and the level of depression in measurements after warm water foot soak therapy. The results of the study are expected to be a source of information for nursing home managers in providing nursing home services in overcoming blood pressure and depression using warm water foot soak therapy to strengthen non-pharmacological therapy in the elderly.

Analysis of differences in effectiveness between salt water bath therapy and ginger water bath therapy on pain scale and its relationship with age, gender, and education level in gout sufferers in the working area of the Mpunda Public Health Center of Bima City

Background: Gouty arthritis is an inflammatory disease that affects the connective tissue of the joints, is progressive, symmetrical, and systemic, and tends to turn chronic. It has typical symptoms experienced by sufferers, such as pain in one or more joints. These symptoms can interfere with comfort in activities. Method: This study used a Quasi-Experimental design with a Two Group Pretest-Posttest approach. Sampling was done using the Quota sampling technique, resulting in 40 respondents chosen. Data analysis in this study, to answer research questions and hypotheses, was bivariate analysis using 4 (four) types of statistical tests, namely 1) Wilcoxon test, 2) Mann-Witney test, 3) Test Gamma correlation, and 4) Chi-square test with a significant level ? of 0.05. Results: The results showed that the Mean Rank of the warm salt water bath group was lower, namely 18.55, while that of the warm ginger water bath group was 22.45. The statistical test results showed that the p-value was 0.145&gt; 0.05, meaning that statistically, there was no difference in effectiveness between the two therapies on the pain scale of respondents because the value did not reach 5.

Pediatric Environmental Cold Injuries.

Cold weather injuries are relevant concerns for children during winter sports and outdoor activities. To mitigate the risk of cold injury in this high-risk population, providers can educate parents on proper outdoor attire as well as the added risks of wind and water exposure. There are 2 types of environmental cold injuries: freezing injuries and nonfreezing injuries. Frostbite is a freezing injury from direct contact with cold air or surfaces. The extent of injury depends on the depth to which the freezing extends. Treatment involves rewarming the frozen tissue with warm water baths and considering analgesia. Hypothermia is a nonfreezing cold injury, and it can occur even when ambient temperatures are above freezing. When there is a decrease in the body's core temperature, hypothermia progresses from mild to severe symptoms. Treatment of hypothermia is threefold but is also dependent on the core body temperature, as colder core temperatures will require more aggressive warming techniques. Hypothermia treatment involves passive protection from further heat loss (ie, removing wet clothing), which helps the body to warm itself. Treatment also involves active external rewarming wherein a heat source, such as a heated blanket, is used to increase body temperature. Active internal rewarming is the delivery of heat inside the patient's body, such as warmed intravenous fluids.

A study to assess the effectiveness of warm foot bath therapy on the reduction of blood pressure among hypertensive patients attending a tertiary care setting

Background: The goal of hypertension management is to keep blood pressure within normal bounds while also enhancing elderly patients’ quality of life and health. Warm foot baths are a straightforward, affordable, and effective therapy method that can be used in naturopathy to alleviate hypertension. Materials and Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design that included two groups, the hypertensive intervention group and hypertensive control group, which was studied over 3 months between March 2020 and May 2020. The necessary ethical committee permissions with reference number VMRF/2020/037 and informed consent from all the patients included have been obtained properly before proceeding with the study. Results: Among the 100 individuals involved in the study, 53% were males and 47% were females. The mean age among the intervention group was 53.62 ± 7.26, and 52.84 ± 6.47 among the control group. The majority of the males included in the study were nonsmokers (69.8%). The mean ± standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the intervention group during the pretest phase was 157.3 ± 13.4 and 88.1 ± 9.4, whereas, after the intervention of foot bath therapy, the measurements of SBP and DBP were reduced significantly to 133.8 ± 9.7 and 76.9 ± 7.2, which was statistically significant with a P value &lt; 0.001. Conclusion: Warm foot bath soak therapy is anticipated to be used as a nonpharmacological treatment for hypertension in older patients.

A study to assess the effect of warm foot bath on quality of sleep among cancer patients

A study to assess the effect of warm foot bath on quality of sleep among cancer patients