We assessed population trends of the endangered golden-cheeked warbler (Dendroica chrysoparia) at Fort Hood, Texas, using point-count data from 1992 through 2001. We assessed the effect of a large-scale fire in 1996 on these population trends and the effect of military training activities on relative abundance of golden-cheeked warblers. Results indicated that the population has increased steadily at Fort Hood during the 10-yr period. The 1996 fire might have caused a decrease in detections from 1996 through 2001, but excluding any localized effects of the fire, population size continued to increase. Analyses of data from areas with and without military training detected no effect of these activities on the relative abundance of golden-cheeked warblers. Habitat protection and a cowbird-control program might have contributed to the increasing population of golden-cheeked warblers at Fort Hood during the period of study. Data on population trends, demography, and factors limiting population size are needed from other areas to understand more fully the threats to and management needs of the golden-cheeked warbler.