Waqf Management Research Articles

TRAINING AND COACHING AS A SOLUTION TO IMPROVE NAZHIR'S PROFESSIONALITY IN JEKAN RAYA DISTRICT, PALANGKA RAYA CITY

Nazhir's professionality in Jekan Raya District is not optimal, because there are still some who do not carry out their duties after becoming Nazhir, one of which is not reporting the implementation of waqf assets to the Indonesian Waqf Board (BWI), did not receive any prior guidance or training related to the management and development of waqf, and that is one of BWI's duties regarding its duties and authorities which has not been implemented until now. This community service activity carried out by the Zakat and Waqf management study program FEBI IAIN Palangka Raya, aims to strengthen Nazhir's competence and professionalism through reporting assistance carried out with outreach activities and FGD in Jekan Raya sub-district.t. 100% of participants attended the activity and followed until the activity was finished. The results showed that participants gained new knowledge about the development of waqf management and realized the importance of waqf reporting, this became an increase in knowledge professionalism and competence for nazhir. Participants are interested in trying to practice it in the implementation of waqf management. It is hoped that this activity can increase waqf, especially in the Jekan Raya sub-district, Palangka Raya City.

LAPORAN SUMBER DAN PENGGUNAAN DANA KEBAJIKAN BANK SYARIAH (STUDI PADA BANK MUAMALAT INDONESIA)

The concept of Islamic banking requires Islamic banks to provide social services through qard funds, zakat, and other donation funds in accordance with sharia principles. One of the fundamental differences between Islamic banks, as well as other Islamic entities and conventional banks, is the use of social funds received by Islamic banks' zakat institutions and then distributed by Islamic banks. The purpose of this paper is to find out how to report sources and users of Islamic bank virtue funds (Study at Bank Muamalat Indonesia). This study uses secondary data sourced from the company's financial statements PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk, namely reports on sources and uses of benevolent funds in 2019 and 2020 taken from the company's annual report. The data analysis method in this study is data reduction, namely summarizing, selecting the main things, presenting data, and verifying/conclusion. The results of the study show that reports on sources of Islamic bank virtue funds come from infaq, alms, the results of waqf management in accordance with applicable laws, returns on productive virtue funds, fines, and non-halal receipts, while reports on the use of Islamic bank virtue funds are used for productive benevolence funds. , donations, other uses for the public interest. The report on the source of Bank Muamalat Indonesia's benevolent funds comes from fines and non-halal receipts, while the use of Bank Muamalat Indonesia's benevolent funds is used for donations

Waqf Institution and Management Cash Waqf During The Ottoman Period

This paper discussed the implementation and management of cash waqf during the Ottoman Empire. During the reign, waqf has become an instrument that is very successfully implemented in various sectors such as religion, education, social, and health. Waqf assets continued to increase and not only provided facilities for public but also assisted people who need capital to do business. Nazir as waqf institution (individual or institution waqf manager) have administered waqf with different schemes, such as providing loans in the form of qard hasan, mudharabah, bai’ul-inna, and bidaa. Management waqf institutionally was evaluated by the government in 1823, this evaluation led to the reformation of waqf institution and founded the new waqf institution which was known as Evkaf-I Hümayun Nezareti. This institution was the Ottoman sovereign wealth fund which functioned to manage all waqf assets. All waqf assets, as well as cash waqf, were managed by this institution with various schemes that are not much different from what has been done before. However, in this period the management of cash waqf was only carried out by this institution as the authority for managing waqf assets. The management of waqf assets under this institution lasted until the end of the Ottoman Turkish government. The establishment of cash waqf institutions in the Ottoman empire has shown an important step that has been taken to ensure the effectiveness of cash waqf development. Cash waqf management in the Ottoman empire has proof waqf as Islamic social finance in Islamic economic theory shown a significant contribution to society and the Ottoman government.

Conceptualisation and validating benefidonors model in Waqf

Waqf movement in Malaysia has a long history since the colonization era with plenty of innovations being practiced by waqf managers. The literatures have highlighted on the performance of waqf as a social finance instrument with transformational impacts to the economic wellbeing of the beneficiaries. There is a considerable gap between the cyclic impact on the transformation of waqf beneficiaries into donors that needs to be highlighted. The main aim of the study is to conceptualize and validate the beneficiaries-donors model which evolved from the perspective of mutual assistance (ta’awun) prosumers, consumerchant, and volunteer. The study adopts a three-phase qualitative approach. The proposed model on Benefidonors is the result of the first stage, which involved content analysis of literature data. Data was also obtained via Focus Group Discussions (FGD) in the second step of creating and confirming the model. Three different groups of participants, namely donors, beneficiaries, and mutawalli, participated in three different sessions of FGD using MS Teams. The third stage is model validation where the participants have validated the model through a few series of FGD. The participants were given a conceptual model to see whether the new term introduced, "Benefidonors," could be accepted or require further refinement. The new term coined, Benefidonors concept, suggests for a transformational cyclic impact of the major players in the waqf activism. The major output of this paper is the validated term “Benefidonors” which is a hybrid word, derived from the word, “Beneficiaries” and “Donors”. The “Benefidonors” promotes towards “share more”, “use more” and “donate more” for waqf ecosystem using the concept of mutual assistance (ta’awun) prosumers, consumerchant and volunteer. The finding of this research shows that the new term "Benefidonors," even though it is still emerging and requiring efforts for exposure and branding, is inherently practiced, being aware of and known in the community, but it needs a systematic design and strategic arrangement for further expansion.

Efektifitas Sertifikasi Nadzir Dalam Sektor Pengelolaan Wakaf Di Indonesia

As for the topic of the problem in this study, how is the validity of nadzir certification in the Indonesian waqf management department and the validity of the nadzir's role in the Indonesian waqf management department on the subject of this research? Furthermore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of nadzir certification in the Indonesian waqf management department and the effectiveness of the nadzir's role in the waqf management department in Indonesia. The search method used is a literature search. The references in this article are based on the ideas and results of previous research such as journals, books and articles. The results of this study indicate that Wakaf Nadzir will issue certificates to move from individual Nadzir to institutional or legal Nadzir, ensuring management security and property security, safeguarding the unity and future of the ummah. It also shows that it helps to avoid potential conflicts. With human skills, technical people and quality relationships, professional Nazir is a general leader in Waqf institutions who are able to achieve Waqf goals.

A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON WAQF GOVERNANCE

As the concept of waqf is continuously explored worldwide, it becomes a mainstream discipline embedded in most organizations. Waqf governance is important for the development of waqf properties for the sustainability and wealth of the Muslim communities. Most of the literature identified that the management of waqf is under the jurisdiction of the state government. It shows that the management and governance of the Waqf should be improved and become the main concern of the current researchers since the development of waqf has provided significant contributions to the socio-economic of the nation. This paper is aimed to provide a systematic literature review of waqf governance. The studies on the waqf governance were initiated in 2011 and it showed growing trends related to the publications on waqf governance starting 2017. A total of 49 documents published between 2011-2021 were retrieved. 19 related documents are included for further analyses based on the systematic searching strategies process. In this contribution, we propose a systematic literature review by partitioning the literature into papers addressing waqf governance. The waqf governance is vital to ensure that the administrators able to cope with the competitive management so that the properties are managed and developed successfully especially in the post pandemic.

THE COMMUNITY'S VIEW OF THE WAKF CONFLICT IN THE LAND OF THE MADRASAH AL WASHLIYAH AT THE TERJUN VILLAGE

This study aims to find out (1) Know the conflicts that occur in waqf land RA & MDTA Alwashliyah Jalan Baru, Sub-District of Falls, and (2) Know people's views on waqf land conflicts that occur in waqf land RA & MDTA Alwashliyah Jalan Baru, Sub-District of Falls. This research is a qualitative research field study. The subjects in this study were community leaders and waqf managers. The results of the study are that: (1) The conflict that occurred in the waqf land of RA & MDTA Alwashliyah Jalan Baru Sub-District of Falls was a conflict between some people and the waqf manager due to the irregular administration of the waqf land, the absence of a waqf pledge by the waqif, management that was not by the main purpose and function of waqf (2) The public's view of the waqf land conflict that occurred in waqf land RA & MDTA Alwashliyah Jalan Baru, Kelurahan Bawah, there are pros and cons, some doubt the legality of the waqf and some state that the land is waqf since 1980- an.

Enhancing waqf management through fintech in Malaysia A Conceptual Framework on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)

In Malaysia, academic studies on the mobilisation of cash waqf and enhancing its role as a mechanism for socio-economic development through the adoption of fintech (financial technology) is highly abound. Additionally, there are calls from stakeholders to adopt best practices fintech solutions in waqf practice to drive efficiency in waqf transactions management, ranging from fund mobilisation, investment and disbursement and connecting donors to fundraisers. This study aims to fill a knowledge gap by explaining the factors regarding the deployment of fintech related to the 4th Industrial Revolution to improve the collection and investment of cash waqf. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for expanding cash waqf collection and performance through fintech in response to the fourth industrial revolution wave study predicting computer technology adoption behaviour. The proposed model is based on a modified framework of Davis's technology acceptance model (TAM) method, which Wallace and Sheetz (2014) adopted in their study titled 'The Adoption of Software Measures: A Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Perspective'. The model seeks to propose measurement for the independent variable of fintech awareness and knowledge, ease and usefulness of fintech, attitude towards fintech and finally, trust and confidence toward the adoption of fintech. Finally, this study will serve as a valuable guide and provide future research insights to explore this avenue further.

Zakah and Waqf for Cryptocurrency in Islamic Law

Cryptocurrency is a virtual currency based on blockchain. Yet, some countries forbid it as a means of payment in transactions. It can only be used as diversification in investment. In fact, cryptocurrency is a liquid asset even though it fluctuates. In Islam, there are different views whether cryptocurrency can be assets or can be zakah, infaq, sadaqah, and waqf. The object of this study is to answer whether the crypto can be al-amwal azzakawiyah or something that can be zakah and waqf which can be maslahah for the society. Another purpose of this research is to enlighten about zakah and waqf managers on what cryptocurrency for. The theory used is the theory of zakah and waqf in Islam. This is qualitative study with a conceptual approach and an Islamic law approach. The result of this research is that cryptocurrency can be said as wealth or al-maal that can be zakah, infaq, and waqf because it has fulfilled several requirements to be classified as wealth or al-maal in Islam. Zakah calculation of crypto currency must exceed the nisab 2,5% equivalent to 85 grams of gold, the owned can already be an object of zakah.

Transparency and Reputation as The Factor Influences to The Intention Waqf: Empirical Studies in Gontor Institution


 This study aim to measure and exam the transparency and reputation influence to the intention waqf in Gontor Institution. Professional, trustworthy, and honest management of waqf is the reason Gontor continues to grow rapidly. This paper raises reputation and transparency variables as independent variables, intention to have waqf as the dependent variable. The approach this study is a quantitative approach with structural equation modeling-partial least square (SEM-PLS) measurements. by distributing questionnaires to the community and has 197 respondents. The data were processed using path modeling with SmartPLS 3.32 tools. The results of this study indicate that reputation and transparency have a positive and significant effect on intention to do waqf in the Gontor Institution.

Optimalisasi Zakat Produktif Pada Peningkatan Usaha Mikro Mustahik (Studi Kasus Pada Program Purbalingga Sejahtera BAZNAS Kabupaten Purbalingga)

The problem of poverty that still exists today cannot be separated from the low economic income of the community. One of the causes of poverty in Indonesia is that the poor have difficulty raising capital. Zakat can be relied upon as a mechanism to overcome this problem, of course changing the distribution system which is generally consumptive in nature to be productive or in other words zakat is not only used once but has other impacts for development. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimization of productive zakat on increasing mustahik micro businesses in the Purbalingga Sejahtera Program at BAZNAS Purbalingga Regency. The type of research used is field research or direct research conducted in the field or on informants. This research was conducted using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. After conducting research and analysis, it can be concluded that the optimization of productive zakat in increasing mustahik micro businesses in the Purbalingga Sejahtera Program implemented by BAZNAS Purbalingga Regency is not optimal. This is because, every indicator to assess the optimization of a program is correct and correct. Furthermore, to further optimize the Purbalingga Sejahtera Program, namely productive zakat funds in achieving program goals, BAZNAS Purbalingga Regency is to be able to improve again in terms of assistance to mustahik as a whole. The limited number of amil, it is recommended to open volunteers from students of zakat and waqf management study programs.

Potential for Digital-Based Productive Waqf Development (Case Study of Datuk Sulaiman ModernIslamic Boarding School and Muhammadiyah Boarding School) in Palopo City, South of Celebes

Purpose: This study was to identify and analyze digital-based productive waqf management procedures according to existing regulations for the development of productive waqf in Islamic boarding schools in Palopo City.Design/Method/Approach: This research uses empirical and qualitative descriptive research as the method; the approach of this research is a case study. The subjects/informants of this research are elements of leadership and management at Datuk Sulaiman Islamic Boarding School and Muhammadyah Boarding School by means of observation, interviews, and documentation as the core analysis of research data.Findings: The result of this research is that Datuk Sulaiman Islamic Boarding School (PMDS) and Muhammadiyah Islamic Boarding School have great potential to realize an economic movement and independence with the concept of productive waqf in Islamic boarding schools. Supporting the management and optimization of existing (traditional) waqf by using productive waqf instruments and utilizing digital technology facilities that have developed the pesantren economy.Organally/Value: This research is expected to provide the development of waqf efforts from the portrait of the fact that most of the management of waqf empowerment in Indonesia has not been touched productively and its management is through a digital base.

The components of intellectual capital and organisational performance in waqf institutions: evidence from Algeria based on structural equation modelling

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the sub-components of intellectual capital and organisational performance in waqf institutions in Algeria.Design/methodology/approachData was collected through structured questionnaires from a sample of 193 waqf employees working in 23 different provinces in Algeria and analysed using partial least squares – structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) software to test the path modelling and the relationship between the instruments.FindingsThe results of this research show that human capital, structural capital and spiritual capital have a positive and significant relationship with organisational performance. However, relational capital, social capital and technological capital did not demonstrate any kind of role in the context of waqf institutions in Algeria.Practical implicationsThe findings of this research are of great importance for waqf institutions in Algeria, as they provide a comprehensive screening with regard to organisational performance of these institutions through the lens of intellectual capital. The findings help waqf managers and policy makers consider effective solutions for the weaknesses and challenges impeding the performance of waqf institutions, in the hope of retrieving their role in serving and developing societies.Originality/valueIn the existing body of literature, there is a lack of research focusing on intellectual capital in the context of religious non-profit organisations particularly waqf institutions. Thus, this research adds to the body of knowledge on intellectual capital while highlighting its role and importance within the waqf industry, particularly in the context of Algeria. This research is considered among the primary attempts to investigate the impact of intellectual capital components on the organisational performance of waqf institutions in Algeria.

Optimization of Micro Waqf Bank's Ability to Support Micro and Small Businesses

Poverty and income inequality are the most complex issues we face, and they affect people at all levels of society. Poverty is a global humanitarian issue that continues to be a major concern in all parts of the globe. The percentage of people living in poverty in West Nusa Tenggara is higher than the national average. Waqf is an economic pillar that is expected to help micro and small-scale businesses succeed. Micro Waqf Bank (BWM) is a Sharia microfinance institution formed by OJK and the National Amil Zakat Institution, with a capital scheme that is unique to BWM. The goal of this research was to figure out how to improve BWM’s ability to assist micro and small businesses in Central Lombok. Qualitative descriptive methods were used by the researcher. It was found that strategies to maximize the role of waqf banks for micro and small businesses in the vicinity of Islamic boarding schools can be developed based on the findings of BWM ATQIA’s SWOT analysis of cash waqf management. According to the findings, strategies that can be implemented include increasing the sense of responsibility among members of the customer group, strengthening the support of Islamic boarding schools in conducting marketing while also providing an understanding of the law of usury, developing appealing programs that are in high demand by customers or the public, displaying customers’ products in front of the audience, and decorating the office in a pleasing manner.
 Keywords: optimization, Micro Waqf Bank, micro and small enterprises, SWOT

Waqf Land Management: Case Study on Waqf of Rice Field Gontor

This study aims to determine the waqf management in Gontor, especially in the waqf of rice fields. Pondok Modern Darussalam Gontor (PMDG) is one of the educational institutions in Indonesia that was donated in 1958. Gontor has several waqf lands that continue to grow every year. Its management is essential to know so that it can be imitated by those who need it. The Foundation of Waqf Preservation and Development of Pondok Modern Gontor (YPPWPM) manages Gontor's waqf assets in all its management. PMDG has a land area of 16.258.598 m2 or about 1.626 ha, spread throughout Indonesia. The rice fields have the most significant portion of their utilization, including the agricultural sector. This research is a descriptive study and the data comes from interviews and literature related to the waqf of Gontor. The results showed that the management of the waqf of rice fields owned by Gontor was managed by using a profit-sharing and rental system (ijarah). The waqf of rice fields in Ponorogo, Madiun, Kediri, Nganjuk, and Jember are operated by using a rental system. Whereas, waqf lands located in the Mantingan area are managed by utilizing a profit-sharing scheme. Hopefully, the study is able to enrich the literature on productive waqf land management. Keywords: Gontor, Ijarah, Profit-sharing, Waqf management, Waqf of rice field, YPPWPM.

CASH WAQF INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA: STUDY OF LITERATURE

Waqf, especially cash waqf, is essentially an investment where the owner wants to endow his wealth so that the results can be obtained at the end (yaumulqiyamah). This can be done while maintaining the principal, such as waqf of trees, fruitful gardens, rental proceeds on leased goods, or in the form of dividends or income such as cash waqf. The purpose of this research is to find out the management of cash waqf investment management in order to be more productive. This research is a type of descriptive qualitative and content analysis literature study. The results of this study indicate that investment management carried out in cash waqf investments is allocated to two aspects, namely social and productive. The social aspect includes mosque donations, Qur'anic waqf, scholarships for orphans, and the poor. in the productive aspect, including investment in fattening goats and other businesses managed by third parties in collaboration with waqf managers. The problem faced by managers in terms of investment management is the lack of supervision and focus on the waqf property itself. This is because there are many programs other than the waqf program that must be prioritized. The management of waqf investment has indeed been managed productively, but for the utilization of the results it cannot be used productively so that the mauquf 'alaih cannot fully feel the benefits.

IMPLEMENTASI WAKAF BERJANGKA MENURUT UNDANG – UNDANG NOMOR 41 TAHUN 2004 DAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NO. 42 TAHUN 2006

The understanding of the Indonesian people towards the understanding of waqf that cannot be separated from historical factors, people have adhered to it from ancient times until now. Waqf management institutions are very influential on the development of waqf in this nation in the history of Islamic civilization. Various waqf institutions have carried out waqf management for the community in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations. 41 of 2004 provides public confidence in waqf and provides public space so that they understand about waqf, especially term waqf according to Law no. 41 of 2004 concerning the implementation of waqf management. futures in Indonesia and its implementation which is also regulated in Government Regulation no. 42 of 2006. This term waqf is a manifestation of the development of the welfare of the people. The potential for developing waqf assets is very large, if managed productively, it can be a solution to welfare.

Analisis Normatif-Yuridis Tentang Penggantian Nadzir Tidak Cakap Dalam Pengelolaan Wakaf (Studi Putusan Nomor 460 K/AG/2019)

One of the problems is in the Supreme Court Decision Number 460K/AG/2019 regarding the replacement of Nadzir who is incompetent in waqf management. This study aims to find out how the legal considerations that the judge decided in the case of Decision Number 460 K/AG/2019 regarding the Replacement of Nadzir and to find out how the normative-juridical analysis of the legal considerations of the decision of the Majlis Judges at the cassation level Number 460K/AG/2019 regarding the replacement of Nadzir was made. cancel the decision of the Samarinda Religious High Court Number 36/Pdt.G/2018/PTA.Smd. Methods This research uses the type of library research (library research). Data collection is more emphasized on the study of literature in the form of legal rules and theories of legal science and the Supreme Court Decision Number 460K/AG/2019. The results of the analysis of the judge's considerations in this decision concluded that first, based on the facts of the trial, Nadzir waqf was proven negligent or incompetent in the management of waqf, Second, that Judex facti had made a mistake in applying the law, so the judge granted the petition from the Plaintiff, namely canceling the Decision of the Religious High Court. Samarinda No. 36/Pdt.G/2018/PTA.Smd, and upheld the decision of the Tanah Grogot Religious Court Number 907/Pdt.G/2017/PA.Tgt.

Challenges and prospects in waqf reporting practices in Malaysia

PurposeThis study aims to explain the justification behind the current weak waqf reporting practices in waqf institutions in Malaysia and also investigates the factors affecting the good waqf reporting practices.Design/methodology/approachA series of interviews with four waqf officers who are involved with waqf reporting process from four different waqf institutions in Malaysia were conducted.FindingsThe findings show a number of reasons for the current weak waqf reporting practices including the absence of standardised waqf reporting standards, no reporting or disclosure awareness by the waqf management, limited reporting channels from the state authorities to the national authorities, diversification in the governance structure and reluctance of waqf administration to disclose waqf reporting. The findings also identified several factors contributing to good waqf reporting practices. This includes leadership, good cultural setting within the institution, political will as a push factor, limited qualified personnel as well as sustainability issues and finally, the visibility of the waqf report itself.Practical implicationsThe study findings and recommendations are useful for the State Islamic Religious Councils and waqf institutions in Malaysia to enhance the waqf reporting practices in Malaysia.Originality/valueThis study is among the few studies that identify the reasons and factors affecting the good waqf reporting practices in Malaysia.

Funding higher education through waqf: a lesson from Malaysia

PurposeThis paper aims to highlight the importance of waqf in financing higher educational institutions (HEIs) and its potential as an alternative source of generating additional funds for the HEIs, and discourses on waqf practice, fundraising, waqf management and utilisation of waqf income for the development of higher education in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on the information gathered through interviews with 12 participants who are actively engaged in waqf in different capacities. The participants can easily be classified into three expert groups; personnel of waqf-based universities, personnel of the respective State Islamic Religious Councils (SIRCs) and waqf practitioners. In addition, archival records, relevant documents and library sources have been used in the research.FindingsThe study learnt that waqf in Malaysia is centralised and exclusively controlled by the SIRCs, which are, as a rule, sole trustees of all categories of awqaf in the respective states; hence, any form of private trusteeship is considered illegal. It is a prerequisite for the establishment of a waqf fund to obtain permission from the respective SIRCs, and bring it under the purview of the council prior to setting up a waqf. The ministry of higher education has taken some initiatives to encourage HEIs to use waqf as an alternative source of generating funds. Subsequently, numerous public universities have set up waqf funds and developed a comprehensive mechanism for raising the fund through traditional and modern methods and technologies. A major chunk of the waqf funds is collected in the form of cash, but the amount falls short of reaching critical mass to enable the waqf to become self-sustaining. The study found that the universities also involved themselves in various social welfare programmes, especially in health care, and some income-generating projects besides seeking support from the waqf fund for their academic and educational activities.Practical implicationsThe paper brings out the fact that waqf offers the best features as an alternative fiscal instrument to finance projects of public good, including higher education at three selected waqf-based universities in Malaysia.Social implicationsThe study’s findings will be helpful to the ummah in general and Malaysia in particular. It can help policymakers, legislators and academicians in formulating new strategies for the common good and sensitize the countries facing a huge fiscal deficit and lack of development to the viability and potential of waqf as a catalyst for progress and economic activity.Originality/valueThe paper shares the experience of Malaysia’s waqf-based universities, waqf fundraising, management and income utilisation. It accentuates the fact that waqf can help finance academic activities at universities and sheds light on some useful examples of waqf-based universities founded in earlier periods of Islamic civilisation.