Waqf Management Research Articles

Productive Waqf Management of UNISMA Foundation in the Perspective of Kuntowijoyo’s Prophetic Social Theory

Waqf is able to create a big contribution if it is managed productively. Therefore, there are many waqf institutions that are developing waqf productively, one of which is the UNISMA Foundation. By having good management, the UNISMA Foundation has succeeded in making productive waqf continues to grow through the establishment of business units. This study aims to obtain an overview and analyze the productive waqf management at the Waqf Institution of UNISMA Foundation in the perspective of Kuntowijoyo's prophetic social theory. This research applies a qualitative approach with the type of case study. The results showed that the management of productive waqf management was carried out through the implementation of management functions in the form of planning, organizing, directing and controlling functions. The analysis of Kuntowijoyo's prophetic social theory shows that in the management of productive waqf at the Waqf Institution of UNISMA Foundation, there are elements of Kuntowijoyo's prophetic social in the form of humanization, liberation and transcendence.

Productive Waqf Management of UNISMA Foundation in the Perspective of Kuntowijoyo's Prophetic Social Theory

Productive Waqf Management of UNISMA Foundation in the Perspective of Kuntowijoyo's Prophetic Social Theory

CASH WAQF INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA: STUDY OF LITERATURE

Waqf, especially cash waqf, is essentially an investment where the owner wants to endow his wealth so that the results can be obtained at the end (yaumulqiyamah). This can be done while maintaining the principal, such as waqf of trees, fruitful gardens, rental proceeds on leased goods, or in the form of dividends or income such as cash waqf. The purpose of this research is to find out the management of cash waqf investment management in order to be more productive. This research is a type of descriptive qualitative and content analysis literature study. The results of this study indicate that investment management carried out in cash waqf investments is allocated to two aspects, namely social and productive. The social aspect includes mosque donations, Qur'anic waqf, scholarships for orphans, and the poor. in the productive aspect, including investment in fattening goats and other businesses managed by third parties in collaboration with waqf managers. The problem faced by managers in terms of investment management is the lack of supervision and focus on the waqf property itself. This is because there are many programs other than the waqf program that must be prioritized. The management of waqf investment has indeed been managed productively, but for the utilization of the results it cannot be used productively so that the mauquf 'alaih cannot fully feel the benefits.

Optimization of Waqf Through Islamic Boarding Schools in The Madura Region in Overcoming Climate Change and Economic Empowerment ff The Plantation Sector

This Paper tries to elaborate the Potential and Role of Waqf as one of Islamic Social Fund in helping to deal with climate change problems that occur on earth. This research is conceptual with a qualitative approach, referring to the previous literature related to related topics. The results of this study are the concept or model of optimizing waqf, especially waqf through money and land waqf in dealing with the phenomenon of climate change and supporting a pesantren-based economy in the Madura area. Land waqf by wakif will become the object of model development, while waqf through money will be managed to buy assets in the form of plant seeds that are proven to be able to overcome climate change. The theoretical contribution of this research is expected to be able to add and complete literacy and research related to waqf management models in supporting the SDGs and social aspects of society. Meanwhile, practically, the waqf management model for climate management can be a policy recommendation for the Madurese community and local government to be carried out in the future.

PENGARUH PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT DAN WAKAF TERHADAP PENGURANGAN KEMISKINAN DI KABUPATEN CIANJUR

This research is based on the framework of thinking that there is a positive and significant influence between zakat and waqf management on poverty reduction in Cianjur district. This research uses descriptive analysis method. The sample in this study is data from the Baznas report in Cianjur district and BWI in Cianjur district for a period of 7 years from 2013 to 2019. Data analysis in this study uses validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear analysis test, coefficient of determination test, test of t (partial), and F test (simultaneous). The results of this study indicate that there is an insignificant positive effect of zakat management on poverty reduction, as indicated by the t value for the zakat management variable (1.307) which is smaller than t table (2.776) at a significance level of 0.05. Then, there is a positive and significant effect of waqf on poverty reduction, as indicated by the t-count value of the waqf variable (4.145) which is greater than the t-table value (2.776) at a significance level of 0.05. There is an effect of simultaneous management of zakat and waqf on poverty reduction in Cianjur district. This is indicated by the comparison of the calculated F value (8.727) which is greater than the F table value (6.994) at a significance level of 0.05.Keywords: Poverty, zakat management, waqf, economic development

Recommendations for collection and development strategy of waqf funds: A case study on waqf institutions

Purpose – This study aims to examine phenomena related to the collection and development of waqf funds by waqf institutions and formulate recommendations regarding applicable strategies to optimize the collection and development of waqf funds based on the principles of commitment-trust theory.Methodology – This study applied a case study approach with a qualitative method at 5 (five) different waqf institutions in Indonesia to further explore the phenomena related to the collection and development of waqf funds. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews.Findings – The results of this study indicate that several problems, i.e. low literacy of waqf, lack of professionalism of nazhir, and low accountability of waqf institutions are still encountered by waqf institutions in collecting and developing waqf funds. In addition, the efforts made by waqf institutions have not been sufficiently qualified to foster waqif’s commitment and trust to optimize the collection and development of waqf funds. Therefore, several recommendations on applicable strategies for waqf managers are formulated based on the four precursors outlined in the commitment-trust theory, namely shared values, relationship benefits, communication, and non-opportunistic behavior. These recommendations include reaffirming the values of waqf institutions, making efforts to maintain good relations with waqifs, keeping good communication with waqifs, and improving transparency of financial reports.Originality – This study complements the research gap of the limited studies on the collection and development of waqf funds. In addition, previous studies on this topic did not implement the commitment-trust theory.

Model of Solving Economic Gap Through Share Waqf

Economic inequality in Indonesia is growing with increasing poverty caused by unequal distribution. This can be seen in the number of poor people in 2020 reaching 27.55 million people compared to September 2019 reaching 24.79 million people. All government efforts to resolve economic disparities have been carried out, such as distribution of taxes, infrastructure, the flow of BLM funds, RPJMN. However, these efforts only prioritize large projects, so they have not been able to resolve the gap. Another effort is by waqf shares because the profits can be used for the benefit of the community which can be distributed evenly by the waqf manager. Share waqf is the use of funds from shareholders in the form of profits and capital distributed to waqf recipients by waqif in the form of employment, education, worship and other community needs. This study aims to determine the role of share waqf in resolving economic disparities. This study was written using a qualitative method with a literature review approach. Data collection comes from articles and books on gap settlement and the role of share waqf, as well as several government program reports. The data analysis technique used in this study is descriptive analysis. The results of this study can be concluded that share waqf has a role in resolving economic disparities by making the company's capital and stock dividends the object of waqf, then the wakif appoints a nadzir from the waqf institution to manage the waqf in the form of riil and non-riil sectors.

The challenges of empowering waqf land in Indonesia: an analytical network process analysis

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the factors that hinder the successful empowerment of waqf land in Indonesia empirically by applying the analytic networking process (ANP).Design/methodology/approachIn this study, after the waqf land problem criteria were introduced, an ANP model was developed and applied to identify the main problem, solution and strategy as a framework to guide stakeholders to produce policy recommendations appropriately and optimally.FindingsThe results showed that the main priority of the problem is the nadzir aspect. Furthermore, each criterion’s problems are a low public trust, unprofessional nadzir (waqf manager), a huge number of idle waqf lands, the absence of waqf certificates and non-economic waqf lands utilisation. Meanwhile, the main priorities for each aspect of the solution are socialisation and education to the community, nadzir certification, utilisation of information technology for the administration of waqf land governance, waqf land certification and innovation of waqf land development projects. Then, the long-term strategic priority is optimising the community’s role in the empowerment of waqf land.Research limitations/implicationsThe development of the ANP model would give the institutions a modest, flexible and convenient approach to evaluate the barriers present in waqf land. However, ANP requires greater effort because it is a highly complex methodology that compels a study to use more numerical calculations in assessing composite priorities.Originality/valueNot many studies on waqf land issues in Indonesia have been discussed empirically. Most of these studies are in the form of descriptive studies. This study introduces the ANP approach to illustrate the main problems of waqf land empowerment in Indonesia. ANP is a new approach to the decision-making process through a process that produces a general framework for treating decisions without making assumptions regarding independence between elements.

Regulasi Perwakafan Di Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Statute Approach

The potential of waqf in Indonesia, if managed properly, can be the most appropriate instrument to solve social problems, especially in dealing with poverty. Waqf regulation in Indonesia has experienced a long dynamic, starting from pre-independence, post-independence until now. This paper aims to explain waqf regulations in Indonesia from the perspective of the statute approach. This study is included in the category of library research with primary sources in the form of laws and government regulations relating to waqf, while secondary sources in the form of journals, books and others related to the theme of discussion. The data obtained were described and then analyzed. This paper finds that: 1) The emergence of various waqf regulations after Indonesia's independence is full of regulations that are able to balance between Islamic and positive laws that apply in Indonesia. 2) Regulation of waqf in Indonesia started from Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Agrarian Principles, Presidential Instruction of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 1991 concerning KHI, Law Number 41 of 2004, then Government Regulation Number 42 of 2006. 3) Law Number 41 of 2004, is a new breakthrough in the waqf management system in Indonesia to become productive waqf.

A STUDY OF WAQF ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF INDIA (WAMSI) SOFTWARE: GOVERNANCE, UTILITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT

This study presents an analysis of the management of waqf properties through Remote Sensing and GIS, and GPS techniques. In India, there is a large number of waqf properties; according to the Sachar Committee report (2006) titled Social, Economic, and Educational Status of the Muslim Community of India, the total area under waqf properties at about 600,000 acres at a book value of approximately Rs. 6000 crore[1]. Some famous waqf properties are the Dargah of Moinuddin Chishti at Ajmer or the Shahi Masjid at Fatehpur Sikri. The Central Waqf Council undertakes the management of Waqf to check gross mismanagement and encroachment of Waqf properties. The Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India, in 2009, developed the Waqf Asset Management System of India (WAMSI), an integrated online workflow-based information system for managing the Waqf properties under the control of various State/U.T. Waqf Boards. The advantage of this software system is transparency in sharing up-to-date information to the public at large and keeping a check on the revenue generated for the welfare of society in conformity with the noble object of Waqf. The methodology used in the paper is a qualitative research method where available works of literature were reviewed, conceptual and data-based evidence were analysed. The paper explores how WAMSI could be very useful to the countries where the Islamic concept of Waqf is prevalent and in practice, particularly in West Asian, South Asian, and South-Eastern Countries like Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iraq, Iran, Malaysia, Thailand, and UAE.

FOREST WAQF STRATEGY IN PROTECTING INDIGENOUS FORESTS IN ACEH PROVINCE

Aceh's forest is a biosphere reserve, a world heritage, and a natural habitat for animals, such as the Sumatran tiger, Ceumpala Kuneng, and Sumatran elephant. However, Aceh's forests are currently experiencing a deficit related to uncontrolled land conversion, among others due to forest conversion to oil palm land, gold mining, illegal logging, and illegal new stone mining. Although Aceh's forest area as of 2019 was 2,989,212 hectares, the damage figure reached 15,140 hectares. Thus, this study aims to create a model of Aceh’s forest waqf to protect it from the natural damage caused by humans. This qualitative research utilized the ANP (Analytic Network Process) analysis tool. The study results revealed that the most important factors for Aceh's forest waqf model were components of forest waqf, companies, and the government. Forest waqf solutions include infaq and shadaqah fund solutions, waqf institutions, and full-time nazhir (waqf manager). The company's solutions encompass institutional audits, citizen patrols, and reporting. Meanwhile, the government's solution can be in the form of a limitation solution, policy evaluation, and local government involvement. Besides, the strategy of forest waqf in protecting indigenous forests in Aceh Province can be in the form of synergies between forest waqf and BAZNAS (National Zakat Amil Agency), monitoring local officials, and granting authority to local governments.

E-WAQF IMPLEMENTATION: A PARADIGM SHIFT IN NIGERIA WAQF SYSTEM

The paradigm of the Waqf system has shifted from movable and immovable properties such as land Waqf, cash Waqf and others but also to the employment of electronic or e-Waqf system. Thus, the objectives of the current study are to focus on three major research questions which are: exploring the usability of the e-Waqf system in the Nigerian context; determining the challenges of e-Waqf system implementation and recommending prospects of e-Waqf implementation for better waqf governance. The study employs a qualitative approach using semi-structured interview questions to gather the information from (6) informants of e-banking expertise and (3) Waqf managers or “Mutawalli” in Nigeria. Qualitative research methods are most appropriate in situations in which little is known about a phenomenon or when attempts are being made to generate new theories. The findings of the current study indicate that online Waqf has been established as a viable solution to improve wealth redistribution amongst Muslims in Kuwait and Malaysia. In this study, online Waqf is generally referred to as Muslims’ donation in the form of cash that is performed via electronic means (e.g. Internet banking facilities). If it is offered through internet banking facilities, online Waqf is therefore viewed as one of the services that are necessary to be provided by Islamic banks.

INNOVATION FOR EMPOWERMENT OF WAQF LAND RIGHT: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEGAL ASPECTS OF WAQF LAND AND LAND WITH RIGHT OF MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA

The existence of waqf institutions in Indonesia has the potential to be developed, considering that Indonesia is a country with the largest Muslim population in the world. One of the most common waqf objects is waqf land. Currently, waqf land in Indonesia is relatively not used productively. The current use of waqf land is mostly limited to mosques, tombs, and madrasas. This paper provides an innovation on the management of waqf land that has not been productive in the form of giving land rights on the waqf land. The research method used in writing this article is normative legal research. This study uses primary legal materials namely Law No. 41 of 2004, Law No. 11 of 2020, and Government Regulation No. 18 of 2021. This study found a point of similarity between the concept of waqf land and land with right of management. Indonesian Land Law recognizes various kinds of land rights, such as right of ownership, right of cultivation, right of building, and right of use. This concept can provide benefits for developers, nazhir, and the Ummah. Developers get benefits in the form of freedom in land acquisition costs and can guarantee their land rights. Then, nazhir benefits in the form of land use fees and a recommendation fee from the developer. The profits received by nazhir can then be used for the welfare of the people according to the waqf pledge.

Assessment of Zakat and Waqf Management Curricula in Indonesia Based on a Competency-based Curriculum

The curricula of the undergraduate study programs on Zakat and Waqf management in Indonesia are still in their early stages of development. In this research, we aim to evaluate these curricula using a competency-based approach towards several study programs. Specifically, we compare the needs of Zakat and Waqf management with the curricula of undergraduate study programs in Indonesian universities. To fulfil our objective, we conduct several interviews with the program heads and practitioners. We also propose a particular curriculum for the study programs on Zakat and Waqf management. For this purpose, we apply a comparative research method and engage in qualitative research. Our results show that some competencies are not accommodated in the current curricula to meet the expectations of the Zakat and Waqf management. Therefore, we argue that it is important to change these curricula content to achieve the expected competencies.

Cash Waqf development through private banks in Bangladesh: Challenges and prospects toward building sustainable society

This paper mainly focuses on the cash Waqf management and its development through private Banks in Bangladesh. Bangladesh has transformed its global status from least developed to a developing country which was the ramification of nonstop contribution of public-private initiatives. In Addition, it is a Muslim majority country and with huge potentials for cash Waqf scheme. Despite the fact, private Banks are facing a number challenges in accelerating this product among the customer as whole. The study, therefore, addresses key challenges of cash Waqf from socio-legal context and looks for avenues to revitalize and utilize cash Waqf for bringing sustainability in social services, for instance, education and culture, family rehabilitation, social utility, health care and sanitation services. In these key sectors, cash Waqf has enormous prospective in fulfilling the needs of the disadvantaged people of the country. The objective of this study is to identify the passage for sustainable social development through cash Waqf and to draw the attention of concern public and private authorities and policymakers to formulate an effective strategy for cash Waqf and remove the major barriers. The outcome of this research is that it is possible to create a substantial impact on the society by intensifying cash Waqf in Bangladesh. The paper adopts doctrinal research approach wherein both primary and secondary sources of data have been analyzed. It further consults with relevant books, articles, and statute of the country.

Conceptualization of Waqf Marketplace Innovation Model

As the largest and most generous Muslim country in the world, waqf has enormous potential in Indonesia. However, this potential has not been maximized for several reasons, such as minimum literacy, the lack of practitioners' skills, and the absence of collaboration from various parties to maximize the potential of waqf. These problems need to be addressed immediately so as not to hinder the development of waqf in Indonesia. Therefore, to address these issues, this study intends to conceptualize the marketplace of nazhir (waqf managers), waqif (donors), businesses, and charity institutions, which put the missing puzzle in place to create a waqf ecosystem. To achieve the purpose, this research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method. Data is collected through secondary data such as articles, books, conference proceedings, government reports, official website information, and other related waqf scopes. The model proposed in this study is expected to encourage waqf ecosystem development in this digital era. Furthermore, the conceptual model of this study may help the government and stakeholders in the waqf and economic sector to achieve prosperity.

Analisis Kompetensi Mahasiswa Menjadi Amil Zakat Profesional (Studi Pada Mahasiswa Prodi Manajemen Zakat dan Wakaf IAIN Bengkulu)

The purpose of this study was to determine the competencies possessed by students of the Zakat and Waqf Management Study Program to become candidates for professional zakat amil, while the types of data used were secondary data and primary data, using a qualitative approach. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the competencies that must be possessed by zakat and waqf management students are mastering the science of zakat fiqh, mastering managerial knowledge about zakat management, namely collection, distribution and utilization and reporting of zakat, amil must also have skills in the IT field and accountability in calculating zakat funds. on the reality in the field that students of zakat and waqf management study programs are already competent in the field of zakat fiqh science but are not yet competent in the field of fundrising practice and zakat information system technology.

Utilising Permaculture to Develop Abandoned Waqf Land in Resolving Food Insecurity in Indonesia

This paper aims to explore the potentials of permaculture in developing abandoned waqf land to resolve the challenges of food insecurity. This study uses data collected from primary sources such as Quran and Hadith, and secondary sources from books, articles, journals, web sites and e-books. Waqf lands, in general, are still managed by traditional methods and bound to limited purposes, such as mosques, graveyards, and madrasah. Based on collected data, many waqf lands are abandoned and unproductive. However, waqf lands have many great potentials if managed and utilised productively. Waqf managers and trustees should be able to enhance productivity of waqf lands for numerous purposes, such as business centres, markets, hotels, housing and agricultural projects. This paper explores the roles of permaculture in developing abandoned waqf lands in Indonesia and highlights the importance of agriculture from the Islamic perspective. Regenerative strategic solutions for food insecurity are designed by analysing significant potentials of waqf land redevelopment via permaculture. The expected outcome of this paper is to encourage the farmer and agriculture enthusiast to work with permaculture concept and researchers to explore the potential of permaculture or other regenerative method of agriculture to develop and revive the abandoned or idle waqf lands to overcome food insecurity.

Enhancement Strategy of Prospective Students’s Interest in Zakat and Waqf Management Program

Abstract, The program of Zakat and Waqf Management at the Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business IAIN Padangsidimpuan experienced a decline in the number of students from 2018 to 2020. As a study program with a field of science that is currently trending nationally and globally, there should be an increasing number of enthusiasts, but on the contrary actually decreased. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the strategy of increasing the interest of prospective students of the Zakat and Waqf Management Study Program. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach where the number of informants is 333 people, namely senior high school students and students from Islamic boarding schools in Padangsidimpuan City, South Tapanuli Regency and other surrounding cities/regencies. The results of the study indicate that there is some academic and non-academic information that must be added to various existing promotional media. Promotional media that must be maintained are direct selling (official websites), social media (Facebook, Instagram and Youtube, advertisements (brochures), personal selling (promotion teams to schools).

MAINTENANCE OF WAQF PROPERTIES IN MALAYSIA: A SYSTEMATISED REVIEW

Background: Earlier studies have established a link between property maintenance and the lifespan of a property. The need for adequate maintenance is more important in the case of Waqf properties due to the uniqueness of Waqf properties concerning three of the core features – expected social benefits, ethical use and perpetuity. One drawback of previous reviews is that they were not usually Waqf-specific. We performed a systematised literature review of studies based on maintaining properties of Waqf.
 Method: The review targeted articles that discuss maintenance of Waqf properties or indicates any form of a management model for these properties. The articles reviewed were searched from SpringerLink, Google Scholar, Emerald, SAGE, ISRA publications, as well as other databases. The searches for the database, title and abstract screen, full-text analysis and data extraction were carried out.
 Result: Of the 919 papers listed, 12 met the requirements for inclusion. The findings indicate that while many previous studies focused on the administration and management of Waqf, Waqf institution, and the development and financing of Waqf only very few studies examined the maintenance of Waqf properties. 
 Discussion: Effective maintenance of Waqf properties is essential for the continued sustenance of the institution of Waqf and equitable distribution of income and provision of essential services to the larger society. However, the literature on the maintenance of Waqf properties is still quite scarce and therefore has been of a little practical guidance to managers of Waqf Properties.