Wallet Applications Research Articles

Narrative Online Advertising as External Variable in the Development of the Technology Acceptance Model of Go-Pay for Millennials

Human life is inseparable from technological developments. Until now, research related to the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is still used as a basis for the theory of technology product acceptance in line with the increasingly complex development of human behavior and needs. This research is the development of Technology Acceptance Modeling (TAM) by involving the Narrative Online Advertising variable. The purpose of this study is to develop and test the model by including the Narrative Online Advertising variable as an external variable or antecedent variable to the attitudes and intentions of millennials in adopting an electronic wallet (Go-Pay). The Narrative Online Advertising variable, as the theory developed by Ching, Tong, Chen, and Chen, is an online advertising strategy involving the narrative element in advertising content, which has been widely displayed on the internet media. The object used in this study is Go-pay, a popular electronic wallet application in Indonesia. The sample in this study is the millennial communities domiciled in Surabaya totaling 200 respondents, collecting data through questionnaires, using a Likert scale, and the analytical tool used is SmartPLS. The results of this study show that Narrative Online Advertising has a positive effect on the Perception of Ease of Use, but does not affect the Perception of Benefits. At the same time, the four factors positively affect the Attitude and intention to adopt Go-pay. These results indicate that millennials will use Go-pay if Narrative Online Advertising is improving their interest in using the e-wallet. Therefore, it is suggested that in making an e-money application, Narrative Online Advertising is important to attract millennials in using the app.

PENGARUH SERVQUAL TERHADAP KEPUASAN YANG BERDAMPAK PADA LOYALITAS PENGGUNA E-WALLET (OVO)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the direct effect of service quality on satisfaction, the direct effect of service quality and satisfaction on loyalty, the direct effect of satisfaction on loyalty, and the indirect effect of service quality on the loyalty of the users of e-wallet or digital wallet application (Ovo). The research sample consisted of 100 respondents taken by convenience random sampling technique. This research used a descriptive verification method. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling run by Lisrel 8.80 software. The results showed that service quality and satisfaction had a positive and significant effect on loyalty, service quality had a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, and service quality had a positive and significant effect on loyalty as mediated by satisfaction. These results indicate that increasing service quality will increase consumer satisfaction, which finally increases consumer loyalty.
 Keywords: loyalty, satisfaction, service quality

IMPLEMENTASI ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) DALAM PEMILIHAN E-WALLET UNTUK MAHASISWA

Abstract: An electronic wallet is an electronic service to store the data of the payment instrument, such as a payment instrument using the card and/or electronic money, which can also accommodate the funds, to make the payment. The number of similar applications of electronic wallets available in Indonesia leads to confusion of which applications offer many advantages, easy to use and guaranteed transaction security. By using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to conduct research on three popular electronic wallet applications in Indonesia, especially among students, Dana, Go-Pay, and LinkAja. These three electronic wallet applications compare based on pre-defined criteria and sub criteria to be decided by the AHP calculation where Go-Pay is the best E-wallet Application for students to use

Antecedents of electronic wallet adoption: a unified adoption based perspective on a demonetised economy

Electronic wallet has been a disruptive innovation in payments landscape. It has afforded convenience from remitters' perspective and transactional efficiency to the beneficiary. The gradually increasing significance of e-wallets warrants an exploration of antecedents leading to adoption of electronic wallets by the users. Digitising the payments assume enhanced importance in an economy where level of disposable household currency is reduced owing to sovereign policies. Present study employs UTAUT2 framework towards investigating the factors generating usage intentions for electronic wallet applications and the extent to which such intentions translate to final usage behaviour. Demonetised Indian economy constitutes the geographical base for the study, while respondents comprise of individuals possessing awareness and prior experience of electronic wallet usage. Structural equation modelling was applied to primary data gathered from 462 respondents. Findings reveal positive significant intention-based causations arising from five out the seven conceptualised constructs in a demonetised economic environment, while usage intentions were found to be significantly and positively translating to usage behaviour.

Satisfaction with Applications Fuels the Growth of Mobile Wallet Use in Thailand

In this research, we study factors such as consumer attitudes and personal innovativeness in order to understand the effect of loyalty on satisfaction with mobile wallet applications in Thailand. We developed a research model, based upon previous research, where we propose and examine four constructs. In general, consumer attitudes and personal innovativeness loaded strongly on both loyalty and satisfaction with the Thai consumers sampled. We found strong support for all of the hypothesized relationships, albeit some at different strength levels. It was found that consumer attitudes are an extremely strong factor that increases loyalty and improves satisfaction with mobile wallet applications in Thailand. We also found a very strong impact of satisfaction on loyalty with Thai consumers. This study helps to understand how specific factors influence consumer satisfaction with mobile wallet apps, and what drives consumers’ decisions to be loyal and satisfied customers.

The Mobile Wallet Explosion in Thailand : Factors towards Predicting Consumer Loyalty

In this research, we study the impact of the factors that predict consumer loyalty of mobile payments and mobile wallets usage in Thailand. We developed a research model based upon previous findings where we propose and examine four constructs of personal innovativeness, consumer attitudes, consumer satisfaction and loyalty. In general, all of the hypotheses were supported by variables related to consumer loyalty with mobile wallet usage. Personal innovativeness analyzed due to its potential mediation effect on loyalty, both from attitudes and from satisfaction. It was found that personal innovativeness was a mediator construct in predicting consumer loyalty. The overall model provides value to the mobile payment and mobile wallet application providers in term of improving service efficiency and business strategies to secure Thai consumer loyalty.

Is sustainability a motive to buy? An exploratory study in the context of mobile applications channel among young Indian consumers

PurposeConsumers shopping motives may differ across products/services categories, retail formats and channels. In the context of m-Apps-based commerce, this study aims to explore different shopping motives of consumers in three different categories of app, namely, food delivery, ride sourcing and digital payments. Using motivation literature, the study extends the theory of consumer motives by including sustainability as a key motive to buy in the context of m-App channel. Further, the authors undertake a comparative analysis of the identified motives across the three mobile applications (m-Apps).Design methodology/approachThe research methodology involved two stages (qualitative research followed by quantitative research). In qualitative research, personal interview was conducted to extract items for survey questionnaire development. Subsequently, quantitative analysis was carried out. The data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The study sample comprised 201 young Indian managers.FindingsUsing principal component analysis and CFA, the study validates the existence of different motivations in the three categories of m-Apps considered. Transaction-oriented and sustainability-oriented motivation is found to be a major motive to use m-Apps for food delivery, ride sourcing and mobile payments. Additionally, in digital wallet applications for mobile payments, consumers exhibit innovation-oriented motivation. Value-oriented motivation was identified as a motive in food delivery apps.Research limitations/implicationsThe scale developed and the comparative study done extended the theoretical conversation on young consumer motives in the context of m-Apps channel and extended it by including sustainability motive, which needs further in-depth study.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to explore sustainability motives in the context of m-Apps channel.

The Role of Digital Strategies in Financing Health Care for Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Countries finance health care using a combination of 3 main functions: raising resources for health, pooling resources, and purchasing health services. In this paper, we examine how digital health technologies can be used to enhance these health financing functions in low- and middle-income countries and can thus contribute to progress toward universal health coverage. We illustrate our points by presenting some recent innovations in digital technologies for financing health care, identifying their contributions and their limits. Some examples include a mobile-health wallet application used in Kenya that encourages households to put money aside for future health expenses; an online software platform developed by a startup in Tanzania in partnership with a private insurance provider to give individuals and families the opportunity to choose among different health coverage options; and digital maps by a number of startups that bring together data on health facility locations and capacity, including equipment, staff, and types of services offered. We also sketch an agenda for future research and action for digital strategies for health financing. The development and adoption of effective solutions that align well with the universal health coverage agenda will require strong partnerships between stakeholders and enough proactive stewardship by authorities.

Are Japanese Consumers Concerned with Brand Commitment

In this research, we study factors such as brand commitment in order to understand the affect of loyalty and satisfaction on continuance intention with mobile wallet applications in Japan. We developed a research model, based upon previous research constructs, where we propose and examine the four constructs. The main research question in this research is: what is the extent that brand commitment affects satisfaction, loyalty, and continuous intention of Japanese consumers with respect to mobile wallet applications? Two recent data collection efforts yielded a total sample of 513 consumers using mobile wallet apps. While we expected to find brand conscious Japanese consumers to be satisfied and loyal, as well as continuous users of certain mobile apps, our data shows that brand commitment is only statistically significant with satisfaction. This means that brand does not predict consumer loyalty or continuous intention. This finding is interesting, as Japanese consumers have long been known to be brand conscious consumers. There are several potential explanations for this finding, one of which the Japanese consumer mindset is changing. We found supporting literature showing that consumers in Japan are becoming more price conscious. Additionally many of the consumers in our sample were younger in age and might be more price-sensitive.

Study on the application of digital fiat currency in peer-to-peer investment and lending

Currently, peer-to-peer lending platforms are faced with the risk of funds misappropriation and lack effective means to ensure funds security and transaction consistency. The traditional method focuses on the assessment and control of the platform to indirectly guarantee the security of transactions and execution of contracts. This paper proposes a new solution based on digital fiat currency (DFC), which creates a trusted operating environment via a DFC wallet application service system and uses joint signatures to monitor the flow of funds to ensure security. Moreover, the proposed solution implements smart contracts in DFC wallets to achieve transaction consistency in order to ensure that the transaction process is open, transparent, safe, and controllable. In this way, troubled Internet finance platforms can transform themselves into DFC value-added service providers, playing a more transparent and regulated role in promoting inclusive finance in the digital currency ecosystem.

Consumers' willingness to adopt and use WeChat wallet: An empirical study in South Africa

For decades, the technology acceptance model (TAM) has been validated by studies to discern its predictive power. However, scholars have noted that the assumptions in TAM can incomprehensively address the demands of people in modern technologies. The current study, therefore, extends the capabilities of TAM to predict the acceptance levels of the people-to-people (P2P) services of the WeChat wallet in South Africa. The findings show that, in addition to the constructs in TAM, other pivotal factors that influence the behavior of South Africans to adopt WeChat wallet are trust, security, and privacy. Using the structural equation modeling tool for analysis, we found that the proposed model explains acceptable variances in the predictors: 51%, 25%, and 21% in relative advantage or perceived usefulness as used in TAM, privacy, and P2P, respectively, an evidence that may stimulate scholarly discussions in the future. These findings highlight that people in South Africa may adopt and use the WeChat wallet application if the proposed predictors are considered.

How Consumer Attitudes Improve Repurchase Intention

In this research, we study factors such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and personal innovativeness in order to understand the consumer attitude construct to affect loyalty, satisfaction and repurchasing intention of mobile wallet applications in Thailand. We developed a research model based upon previous research where we propose and examine seven constructs. In general, thirteen out of fifteen hypotheses are supported by variables related to mobile technology adoption, usage and retention with the 461 Thai consumers sampled. Personal innovativeness, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use strongly loaded on consumer attitudes for mobile wallet applications as originally hypothesized. It was found that consumer attitudes are the key factor that drives satisfaction, increases loyalty and improves repurchase intention of mobile wallet applications in Thailand.

The Impact of Inertia as Mediator and Antecedent on Consumer Loyalty and Continuance Intention

This study builds on existing loyalty literature and theories, and extends to include consumer attitudes impact on continuous intention and loyalty based on relationship marketing and information systems. Three structural equation models built from a survey of 458 mobile Thai consumers revealed that inertia was the strongest factor among all constructs in predicting consumer loyalty and continuance intention, either as mediator or antecedent. Support was found for all of the hypothesized relationships for consumers using mobile wallet apps, except for the path between loyalty and continuance intention. Though the direct effects of consumer attitudes were more or less constant, satisfaction became insignificant when inertia acted as a mediator. As an antecedent to both consumer attitudes and satisfaction, inertia significantly increased the explanatory power of continuance intention and loyalty. This study provides new insights into factors that influence loyalty and continuance intention in the context of mobile wallet applications.

Comparison of Cognitive Modeling and User Performance Analysis for Touch Screen Mobile Interface Design

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to analyze and comparatively evaluate the usability of touch screen mobile applications through cognitive modeling and end-user usability testing methodologies. The study investigates the accuracy of the estimated results of a cognitive model produced for touch screen mobile phone interfaces. A mobile wallet application was chosen as the mobile software. The CogTool modeling tool was used as the cognitive modeling method. Eight tasks were determined and user tests were conducted in a usability laboratory with 10 participants. The tasks were compared on the basis of step time and total task completion time. This study reveals that CogTool gives approximate estimations with actual user performance on touch screen mobile phone application interfaces. However, if there are special cases in the tasks such that users are very accustomed to the steps or decision-making that is involved in the tasks, the “Think Operation” in CogTool should be modified.

Adoption of mobile payment systems: a study on mobile wallets

This study aims to understand the factors contributing to consumer attitude development towards and intention to use mobile payment systems. One of major mobile network operators’ mobile wallet application in Turkey was used as a proxy of the mobile payment systems. Survey methodology is used to collect data from subscribers by stratified random sampling among two distinct groups (users and nonusers). A total of 1395 questionnaires were collected from subscribers and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. The findings highlight the importance of ease of use and usefulness in attitude development. On the other hand, security concerns were found to have low level of effects on attitudes and use intentions. Effect of social influence was found to be insignificant among the users. There were differences between users’ and non-users’ perceptions and beliefs indicated by significant differences in the majority of the constructs employed in the study.

Mobile Wallets’ Business Models: Refining Strategic Partnerships

Abstract Background and Purpose: Though Mobile Wallets have the potential to entirely substitute their physical predecessor, many Mobile Wallets narrow their operations to one particular feature. This might be because of strategic business- model design choices to position themselves strategically as intermediates between users and business partners (third parties) in more delimited markets. Thus, Mobile Wallet Applications (MWAs) often represent platforms in narrow two-sided market structures. Design/Methodology/Approach: The paper focuses on the economics of such platforms by the means of a business model analysis. It examines how business partners are integrated in four MWAs’ strategies: Key Ring, FidMe, Apple Passbook and Qustomer. Results: The paper shows that MWAs strive to incorporate not only a large quantity of partners but also such with a high brand value (quality of partners) in their organization design. These partners shape their service design since none of the platforms offer products or services themselves. Hence, MWAs are dependent on the third parties’ capacity and willingness to fulfill engagements and meet the customer demands. Conclusion: MWAs - though concerned with the inclusion and management of loyalty points and schemes - do not leverage the possibility to generate revenue via third parties’ loyalty points. Theoretically, MWAs could reward or redeem loyalty points themselves.

Survey of Strong Authentication Approaches for Mobile Proximity and Remote Wallet Applications - Challenges and Evolution

may be described as container application used for configuring, accessing and analysing data from underlying payment application(s). There are two dominant types of digital wallet applications, proximity wallet and remote wallet. In the payment industry, one often hears about authentication approach for proximity or remote wallets or the underlying payment applications separately, but there is no such approach, as per our knowledge, for combined wallet, the holder application. While Secure Element (SE) controlled by the mobile network operator (i.e., SIM card) may ensure strong authentication, it introduces strong dependencies among business partners in payments and hence is not getting fraction. Embedded SE in the form of trusted execution environment (3, 4, 5) or trusted computing (24) may address this issue in future. But such devices tend to be a bit expensive and are not abundant in the market. Meanwhile, for many years, context based authentication involving device fingerprinting and other contextual information for conditional multi-factor authentication, would prevail and would remain as the most dominant and strong authentication mechanism for mobile devices from various vendors in different capability and price ranges. EMVCo payment token standard published in 2014 tries to address security of wallet based payment in a general way. The authors believe that it is quite likely that EMVCo payment token implementations would evolve in course of time in such a way that token service providers would start insisting on device fingerprinting as strong means of authentication before issuing one-time-use payment token. This paper talks about challenges of existing authentication mechanisms used in payment and wallet applications, and their evolution.

An architecture for secure mobile devices

AbstractMobile devices such as smart phones have become one of the preferred means of accessing digital services, both for consuming and creating content. Unfortunately, securing such mobile devices is inherently difficult for a number of reasons. In this article, we review recent research results, systematically analyze the technical issues of securing mobile device platforms against different threats, and discuss a resulting and currently unsolved problem: How to create an end‐to‐end secure channel between the digital service (e.g., a secure wallet application on an embedded smart card or an infrastructure service connected over wireless media) and the user. Although the problem has been known for years and technical approaches start appearing in products, the user interaction aspects have remained unsolved. We discuss the reasons for this difficulty and suggest potential approaches to create human‐verifiable secure communication with components or services within partially untrusted devices. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

PENGEMBANGAN QUICK RESPONSE CODE INDONESIAN STANDARD MENGGUNAKAN METODE CUSTOMER PRESENTED MODE (QRIS-CPM). STUDI KASUS PT MTI

QR Code, or Quick Response Code not only created the evolution of barcodes from one dimension to two dimensions, and the ability to store large amounts of information, but also created changes in the lifestyle and payment methods of today's society. By using a digital wallet application (digital wallet), the shopping dimension becomes faster, easier, and more cash-less. This paper explores how to implement a QRIS (quick response indonesia standard) code scanning transaction as the basis for payment system service providers using digital wallet applications in general. One model of using QR, namely CPM (customer presented mode) is a QR method that is generated directly by customers through their devices. QRIS CPM makes it easy for customers to transact, and makes it easier for merchants to verify and settle. This study aims to show the results of the implementation of QRIS CPM in the development environment to ensure zero defects before being deployed to the production environment. Keywords : quick response Indonesian standard, customer presented mode, digital wallet.

A Secure Mobile Wallet Framework with Formal Verification

This paper proposes a Secure Mobile Wallet Framework (SMWF) using WPKI (Wireless Public Key Infrastructure) and UICC (Universal Integrated Circuit Card) by defining (a) a procedure of personalizing UICC by the client, (b) a procedure of provisioning and personalization (Mutual Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol) of Mobile Payments Application (which is on UICC) by the Bank and (c) our proposed mobile wallet is will have mobile wallet manager managed by CA (acting as TSM), every mobile application is independent, protected by firewalls and encrypted data is stored in the mobile wallet application. Their proposed Mobile Wallet ensures end to end security. The authors’ proposed SMWF is compared with recent works and found to be better in terms of generating client’s credentials, implementation of WPKI in UICC, personalization of mobile payment application by the bank and in ensuring end to end security (i.e., from Mobile Payments Application in UICC to the Bank Server). The proposed mobile payment protocol originating from Mobile Payment Application (which is on UICC) to the Bank Server realizes Fair Exchange ensures Confidentiality, Authentication, Integrity and Non Repudiation, prevents double spending, over spending and money laundering, and withstands replay, Man in the Middle (MITM) and Impersonation attacks. Proposed mobile payment protocol is formally verified using AVISPA and Scyther Tool and presented with results.